Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102904
Avital Ella Ben-Haim , Reut Amar Feldbaum , Uri Perry , Antolin Jesila Jesu Amalraj , Karthik Ananth Mani , Einat Zelinger , Einat Native-Roth , Mohamed Samara , Aviv Dombrovsky , Guy Mechrez
This study introduces a novel root protection method against Tobamovirus, using thermally responsive water-in-oil colloidosomes stabilized by halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). These colloidosomes are formed in situ through a cost-effective process using HNTs, canola oil, water, and two trietoxysilanes: (3-aminopropyl)trietoxysilanes (APTES) and Dodecyltriethoxysilane (DTES). The combination of hydrophilic APTES and hydrophobic DTES allows precise control over emulsion type and enables the formation of stable colloidosomes. A key feature of this system is the solar-triggered release of chlorinated trisodium phosphate (Cl-TSP), an antiviral agent that disinfects the root area and inactivates viral particles. The amount and timing of Cl-TSP release were measured, demonstrating controlled and localized delivery. The formulation provided high protection in tomato plants, while remaining biofriendly and environmentally safe. This work offers a smart-release platform for effective and sustainable crop protection.
{"title":"Stimuli-responsive halloysite colloidosomes for active delivery of antiviral agents in plant protection","authors":"Avital Ella Ben-Haim , Reut Amar Feldbaum , Uri Perry , Antolin Jesila Jesu Amalraj , Karthik Ananth Mani , Einat Zelinger , Einat Native-Roth , Mohamed Samara , Aviv Dombrovsky , Guy Mechrez","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel root protection method against Tobamovirus, using thermally responsive water-in-oil colloidosomes stabilized by halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). These colloidosomes are formed <em>in situ</em> through a cost-effective process using HNTs, canola oil, water, and two trietoxysilanes: (3-aminopropyl)trietoxysilanes (APTES) and Dodecyltriethoxysilane (DTES). The combination of hydrophilic APTES and hydrophobic DTES allows precise control over emulsion type and enables the formation of stable colloidosomes. A key feature of this system is the solar-triggered release of chlorinated trisodium phosphate (Cl-TSP), an antiviral agent that disinfects the root area and inactivates viral particles. The amount and timing of Cl-TSP release were measured, demonstrating controlled and localized delivery. The formulation provided high protection in tomato plants, while remaining biofriendly and environmentally safe. This work offers a smart-release platform for effective and sustainable crop protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102904"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102980
Yi Hu , Chen Jiang , Mengran Xu , Zijian Hu , Wei Jiang , Yexiang Sun , Junhui Song , Yanbin Zhang , Delin Hu , Kun Qu , Yunjiao Zhang , Jun Lin
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a critical condition involving an excessive immune response that can result in multiple organ dysfunction and potentially fatal outcomes. Here, we revealed that monocytes from CRS patients highly expressed multiple proinflammatory cytokines in single-cell RNA sequencing data. ZIF-8, a widely employed nanodrug carrier, effectively inhibits the release of diverse pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppresses NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasome activation. Mechanistic studies using ATAC-seq showed that ZIF-8 inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by preventing nuclear entry of pNF-κB and IRF2. Additionally, ZIF-8 inhibited the activation of NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasomes by reducing ASC specks formation. In two mouse models of CRS induced by anti-CD3 antibody therapy and LPS, ZIF-8 extends the survival of CRS mice by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. This study highlights the potential of ZIF-8 in modulating inflammation for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, it also emphasizes the consideration of ZIF-8’s immunomodulatory properties when utilizing it as a carrier in the formulation of nanomedicine.
{"title":"ZIF-8 nanoparticles alleviate cytokine release syndrome","authors":"Yi Hu , Chen Jiang , Mengran Xu , Zijian Hu , Wei Jiang , Yexiang Sun , Junhui Song , Yanbin Zhang , Delin Hu , Kun Qu , Yunjiao Zhang , Jun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a critical condition involving an excessive immune response that can result in multiple organ dysfunction and potentially fatal outcomes. Here, we revealed that monocytes from CRS patients highly expressed multiple proinflammatory cytokines in single-cell RNA sequencing data. ZIF-8, a widely employed nanodrug carrier, effectively inhibits the release of diverse pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppresses NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasome activation. Mechanistic studies using ATAC-seq showed that ZIF-8 inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by preventing nuclear entry of pNF-κB and IRF2. Additionally, ZIF-8 inhibited the activation of NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasomes by reducing ASC specks formation. In two mouse models of CRS induced by anti-CD3 antibody therapy and LPS, ZIF-8 extends the survival of CRS mice by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. This study highlights the potential of ZIF-8 in modulating inflammation for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, it also emphasizes the consideration of ZIF-8’s immunomodulatory properties when utilizing it as a carrier in the formulation of nanomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102980"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102923
Xiaoli Wei , Tianhao Ding , Meili Xi , Kristofer J. Thurecht , Christopher B. Howard , Jiwei Cui , Changyou Zhan , Zui Zhang
One of the major challenges in the development of active targeting nanomedicines is the plasma protein corona (PC), which might interfere with or diminish the targeting function. A novel strategy has emerged by precisely regulating the PC through the utilization of endogenous proteins, which is possible to transform the PC into an integral component that enhances targeting ability. However, the individual variability and fluctuating concentrations of endogenous proteins in plasma limit its practical application. In this study, we employed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) integrating mPEG-scFv (a single chain variable fragment to methoxy polyethylene glycol) and HER2-scFv (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 scFv) to assembly with liposome. By pre-engineering the PC of liposomes, the targeting function to HER2+ cells could be preserved during circulation. Notably, the PC formed by BsAb competitively inhibited the binding of endogenous anti-PEG antibodies, thereby reducing subsequent complement activation and alleviating the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. In tumor-bearing mice, BsAb-sLip demonstrated significant accumulation in HER2+ human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3). In the presence of anti-PEG antibodies after liposome stimulation in mice, BsAb significantly mitigated the ABC effect with prolonged liposome circulation. Consistently, in human serum containing pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies, BsAb suppressed liposome-induced complement activation, inhibited macrophage phagocytosis, and maintained the targeting ability toward HER2+ tumor cells. These findings indicated that the engineered PC strategy via BsAb represented an effective targeting approach improving the overall in vivo performance of nanomedicines.
{"title":"Engineered protein corona by Bispecific Antibody endows liposome with enhanced tumor targeting ability and mitigated accelerated blood clearance effect","authors":"Xiaoli Wei , Tianhao Ding , Meili Xi , Kristofer J. Thurecht , Christopher B. Howard , Jiwei Cui , Changyou Zhan , Zui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the major challenges in the development of active targeting nanomedicines is the plasma protein corona (PC), which might interfere with or diminish the targeting function. A novel strategy has emerged by precisely regulating the PC through the utilization of endogenous proteins, which is possible to transform the PC into an integral component that enhances targeting ability. However, the individual variability and fluctuating concentrations of endogenous proteins in plasma limit its practical application. In this study, we employed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) integrating mPEG-scFv (a single chain variable fragment to methoxy polyethylene glycol) and HER2-scFv (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 scFv) to assembly with liposome. By pre-engineering the PC of liposomes, the targeting function to HER2<sup>+</sup> cells could be preserved during circulation. Notably, the PC formed by BsAb competitively inhibited the binding of endogenous anti-PEG antibodies, thereby reducing subsequent complement activation and alleviating the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. In tumor-bearing mice, BsAb-sLip demonstrated significant accumulation in HER2<sup>+</sup> human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3). In the presence of anti-PEG antibodies after liposome stimulation in mice, BsAb significantly mitigated the ABC effect with prolonged liposome circulation. Consistently, in human serum containing pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies, BsAb suppressed liposome-induced complement activation, inhibited macrophage phagocytosis, and maintained the targeting ability toward HER2<sup>+</sup> tumor cells. These findings indicated that the engineered PC strategy via BsAb represented an effective targeting approach improving the overall <em>in vivo</em> performance of nanomedicines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102923"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102924
Chen Wang , Tong Yang , Xueling He , Cui Liu , Ang Ma , Chao Chen , Yunmeng Bai , Huiying Li , Peng Gao , Lirun Zhou , Da Chen , Jigang Wang , Huan Tang
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with growing concern over their potential nephrotoxicity. However, their size-dependent effects on kidney function remain poorly understood. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to systematically investigate the renal cellular responses to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of different sizes (50 nm, 500 nm, and 5 μm). Our results revealed that proximal tubular (PT) cells and renal immune cells are the primary targets of PS-MPs, exhibiting distinct transcriptomic and functional alterations. Medium- and large-sized particles induced stronger inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, ATP depletion, and apoptosis compared to smaller ones. STAT1 was identified as a key regulator mediating size-dependent inflammation in PT cells, and its knockdown significantly attenuated PS-MPs-induced injury. Immune cells profiling further showed particle size-specific activation patterns, with macrophages and cytotoxic T cells displaying pronounced pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic responses. These findings highlight the importance of particle size in dictating microplastic toxicity and underscore the need for size-specific safety evaluations. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into MPs-induced renal injury and identifies STAT1 as a potential therapeutic target.
{"title":"Size dependent nephrotoxicity of polystyrene microplastics revealed by single-cell transcriptomics profiling","authors":"Chen Wang , Tong Yang , Xueling He , Cui Liu , Ang Ma , Chao Chen , Yunmeng Bai , Huiying Li , Peng Gao , Lirun Zhou , Da Chen , Jigang Wang , Huan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with growing concern over their potential nephrotoxicity. However, their size-dependent effects on kidney function remain poorly understood. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to systematically investigate the renal cellular responses to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of different sizes (50 nm, 500 nm, and 5 μm). Our results revealed that proximal tubular (PT) cells and renal immune cells are the primary targets of PS-MPs, exhibiting distinct transcriptomic and functional alterations. Medium- and large-sized particles induced stronger inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, ATP depletion, and apoptosis compared to smaller ones. STAT1 was identified as a key regulator mediating size-dependent inflammation in PT cells, and its knockdown significantly attenuated PS-MPs-induced injury. Immune cells profiling further showed particle size-specific activation patterns, with macrophages and cytotoxic T cells displaying pronounced pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic responses. These findings highlight the importance of particle size in dictating microplastic toxicity and underscore the need for size-specific safety evaluations. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into MPs-induced renal injury and identifies STAT1 as a potential therapeutic target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102924"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102881
Dan Zheng , Yanchu Li , Linlin Song , Tianyue Xu , Xian Jiang , Xiaomeng Yin , Yinbo He , Jinshun Xu , Xuelei Ma , Li Chai , Jie Xu , Jianping Hu , Peng Mi , Jing Jing , Hubing Shi
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Improvement of radiotherapy with an ozone-carried liposome nano-system for synergizing cancer immune checkpoint blockade” [Nano Today 47 (2022) 101675]","authors":"Dan Zheng , Yanchu Li , Linlin Song , Tianyue Xu , Xian Jiang , Xiaomeng Yin , Yinbo He , Jinshun Xu , Xuelei Ma , Li Chai , Jie Xu , Jianping Hu , Peng Mi , Jing Jing , Hubing Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102881"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102954
João Basso , José Sereno , Ana Miguel Matos , Rui Oliveira , Maria Luísa Ramos , Miguel Castelo-Branco , Ana Fortuna , Rui Vitorino , Carla Vitorino
Over the last decades, only minimal therapeutic advances in the field of glioblastoma have been achieved. In spite of the approval of temozolomide, the 2-year survival rate of these patients is below 30 %. In this work, the development of cationic nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the co-delivery of pitavastatin and miR-338–5p, termed PTNLCs:PAH:miR-338–5p, is explored. The results show an intracellular delivery of the cargo with subsequent transfection, target gene (NDFIP1, RHEB and PPP2R5A) knockdown and cytotoxicity at low µM concentrations of the carrier. This prototype also blocks spheroids growth within 72 h of treatment, resulting in the smallest cell aggregates (524 ± 40 µm vs. 1089 ± 29 µm for the control) at day 17. Biodistribution studies show an increased brain permeation for PTNLCs after intravenous administration and a significant brain accumulation of PTNLCs:PAH:miR-338–5p up to 48 h after one intracerebral injection. Lastly, the efficacy of the carriers was assessed in an orthotopic glioblastoma model through magnetic resonance imaging. After three local injections, the carrier was able to promote tumor regression, leading to 80 % of long-term survivors with a median survival over 60 days, contrasting to saline and temozolomide (12 and 41 days, respectively). Altogether, this preclinical proof of concept study opens new perspectives and supports the use of this prototype as a functional and effective tool for drug and gene delivery, with ability to respond to the aggressiveness of glioblastoma.
{"title":"Straight to the core: Intratumoral delivery of pitavastatin and miR-338–5p through lipid nanoparticles inhibits glioblastoma growth","authors":"João Basso , José Sereno , Ana Miguel Matos , Rui Oliveira , Maria Luísa Ramos , Miguel Castelo-Branco , Ana Fortuna , Rui Vitorino , Carla Vitorino","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last decades, only minimal therapeutic advances in the field of glioblastoma have been achieved. In spite of the approval of temozolomide, the 2-year survival rate of these patients is below 30 %. In this work, the development of cationic nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the co-delivery of pitavastatin and miR-338–5p, termed <sub>PT</sub>NLCs:PAH:miR-338–5p, is explored. The results show an intracellular delivery of the cargo with subsequent transfection, target gene (NDFIP1, RHEB and PPP2R5A) knockdown and cytotoxicity at low µM concentrations of the carrier. This prototype also blocks spheroids growth within 72 h of treatment, resulting in the smallest cell aggregates (524 ± 40 µm <em>vs</em>. 1089 ± 29 µm for the control) at day 17. Biodistribution studies show an increased brain permeation for <sub>PT</sub>NLCs after intravenous administration and a significant brain accumulation of <sub>PT</sub>NLCs:PAH:miR-338–5p up to 48 h after one intracerebral injection. Lastly, the efficacy of the carriers was assessed in an orthotopic glioblastoma model through magnetic resonance imaging. After three local injections, the carrier was able to promote tumor regression, leading to 80 % of long-term survivors with a median survival over 60 days, contrasting to saline and temozolomide (12 and 41 days, respectively). Altogether, this preclinical proof of concept study opens new perspectives and supports the use of this prototype as a functional and effective tool for drug and gene delivery, with ability to respond to the aggressiveness of glioblastoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102954"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102972
Zheng Zhang , Jiahuan Xu , Meiqi Chang , Xinran Song , Wei Feng , Li Ding , Yu Chen , Bo Zhang
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) that bolsters local and systemic inflammatory responses, which is closely associated with atherosclerosis (AS) progression and plaque vulnerability. Although current treatments have achieved satisfactory progress in suppressing pyroptosis, there are significant challenges remaining in effectively alleviating plaque burden due to issues including poor site specificity, extensive systemic distribution, and undesirable side effects. Herein, intelligent living cell-based drug delivery systems (LC-DDSs) targeting AS intervention with distinct functions was designed by loading disulfiramand (DSF) and the phase-transition perfluorohexane (PFH) onto the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-modified Co2Mo3O8 nanosheets, followed by phagocytosis into macrophages to construct PDCos@Ms. Upon ultrasonic irradiation, these nanoengineered PDCos@Ms can generate microbubbles, enabling controlled release of their therapeutic payloads. This mechanism effectively ameliorates AS progression and enhances plaque stability by suppressing programmed cell pyroptosis and promoting an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype through scavenging reactive oxygen species, reducing the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins and diminishing the leakage of inflammatory factors. Meanwhile, the PFH integrated within the system facilitate real-time ultrasonic imaging, allowing for image-guided atherosclerotic therapy. The proposed biomimetic therapeutic strategy holds significant potential for efficient plaque diminishing and provides a distinct paradigm of LC-DDSs for AS management.
{"title":"Nanoengineered living macrophages as ultrasound imaging-trackable cell extinguishers inhibit pyroptosis in atherosclerotic plaque","authors":"Zheng Zhang , Jiahuan Xu , Meiqi Chang , Xinran Song , Wei Feng , Li Ding , Yu Chen , Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) that bolsters local and systemic inflammatory responses, which is closely associated with atherosclerosis (AS) progression and plaque vulnerability. Although current treatments have achieved satisfactory progress in suppressing pyroptosis, there are significant challenges remaining in effectively alleviating plaque burden due to issues including poor site specificity, extensive systemic distribution, and undesirable side effects. Herein, intelligent living cell-based drug delivery systems (LC-DDSs) targeting AS intervention with distinct functions was designed by loading disulfiramand (DSF) and the phase-transition perfluorohexane (PFH) onto the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-modified Co<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> nanosheets, followed by phagocytosis into macrophages to construct PDCos@Ms. Upon ultrasonic irradiation, these nanoengineered PDCos@Ms can generate microbubbles, enabling controlled release of their therapeutic payloads. This mechanism effectively ameliorates AS progression and enhances plaque stability by suppressing programmed cell pyroptosis and promoting an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype through scavenging reactive oxygen species, reducing the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins and diminishing the leakage of inflammatory factors. Meanwhile, the PFH integrated within the system facilitate real-time ultrasonic imaging, allowing for image-guided atherosclerotic therapy. The proposed biomimetic therapeutic strategy holds significant potential for efficient plaque diminishing and provides a distinct paradigm of LC-DDSs for AS management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102972"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102985
Chao Xu , Yuan Zhang , Chunyu Zhang , Xueyun Gao
Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) are regarded as the most promising nanomedicine due to their precise structure composition, good biocompatibility, faster kidney clearance, and distinctive biological effects. They have demonstrated excellent potential in inhibiting tumors, antiviral, and antibacterial activities, as well as immunomodulatory effects. Simultaneously, the biological effects of Au NCs are significantly impacted by the synthetic strategies employed during their fabrication. In this review article, we have summarized the synthetic strategy used to achieve good biocompatibility of atomically precise Au NCs and highlight their biological effect and potential applications as biomedical drugs. The biological effects of Au NCs can be determined by their structure and composition. Therefore, various synthesis strategies for obtaining biocompatible Au NCs are summarized. Their physicochemical properties, biosafety, and metabolic characteristics are also discussed. Secondly, we explore the biomedical applications of Au NCs in therapeutics and drug delivery, highlighting the opportunities they present for antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, and immune regulation applications. Finally, we provide an outlook on the current status and future efforts surrounding the synthesis and biomedical applications of Au NCs. We hope this review article will provide a comprehensive synthetic strategy to obtain the atomically precise Au NCs with good biocompatibility and give a comprehensive understanding of their biomedical application.
{"title":"Gold nanoclusters - A promising atomically precise atomic aggregation-based drug and its biomedical applications","authors":"Chao Xu , Yuan Zhang , Chunyu Zhang , Xueyun Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2026.102985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) are regarded as the most promising nanomedicine due to their precise structure composition, good biocompatibility, faster kidney clearance, and distinctive biological effects. They have demonstrated excellent potential in inhibiting tumors, antiviral, and antibacterial activities, as well as immunomodulatory effects. Simultaneously, the biological effects of Au NCs are significantly impacted by the synthetic strategies employed during their fabrication. In this review article, we have summarized the synthetic strategy used to achieve good biocompatibility of atomically precise Au NCs and highlight their biological effect and potential applications as biomedical drugs. The biological effects of Au NCs can be determined by their structure and composition. Therefore, various synthesis strategies for obtaining biocompatible Au NCs are summarized. Their physicochemical properties, biosafety, and metabolic characteristics are also discussed. Secondly, we explore the biomedical applications of Au NCs in therapeutics and drug delivery, highlighting the opportunities they present for antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, and immune regulation applications. Finally, we provide an outlook on the current status and future efforts surrounding the synthesis and biomedical applications of Au NCs. We hope this review article will provide a comprehensive synthetic strategy to obtain the atomically precise Au NCs with good biocompatibility and give a comprehensive understanding of their biomedical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102985"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102925
Xiang Ding , Caijiang Jiang , Piluan Li , Yong Fan , Zhibin Cheng , Haonan Li , Liangwei Liu , Yi Xiao , Fang Chen , Lili Han
P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 (NNMO) Mn-based cathode has high discharge voltage/capacity and facile manufacture in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Meanwhile, it faces fatal irreversible P2→O2 transition at elevated 4 V and grain cracking during cycles. Herein, Ba2+ with a super large ionic radius of 135 pm is incorporated into the Ni2+ (0.69 Å) and Mn4+ (0.53 Å) lattice sites to regulate the MnO6 octahedrons in crystallographic structure. This strategy effectively increases the interlayer spacing from 0.5574 nm to 0.5667 nm and suppresses the Jahn-Teller effects of Mn3+ via charge compensation as well as P2→O2 phase transition. These gain effects are fundamentally elucidated by a series of in-situ (i.e. in-situ XRD and in-situ DRT) and ex-situ (e.g. XPS spectra, HRTEM images) characterizations. Theoretical calculations further clarify the reduced diffusion energy barrier and enhanced bulk conductivity and differential charge. The optimized Ba-doped NNMO shows extremely advantageous cycling performance in 1 C (118 mA h g−1@91 % @500 cycles), 5 C (90.8 mA h g−1@73.1 %@2000 cycles), and 10 C (80.9 mA h g−1@68.4 %@2000 cycles) current densities. It also has superior rate capability (80.9 mA h g−1@10 C) and negligible voltage decay of 1 ‰ per cycle. The full-cells assembled with hard carbon display competitive cycle performance (107 mA h g−1@87.1 %@0.1 C@500 cycles) and energy density (261 W h kg−1), demonstrating enormously scientific significance and practical value for high-performance SIBs.
P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 （NNMO）锰基阴极具有放电电压/容量高、易于在钠离子电池（sib）中制造的优点。同时，在4 V升高条件下，发生了致命的不可逆P2→O2转变和循环过程中的晶粒开裂。其中，离子半径为135 pm的Ba2+被掺入Ni2+（0.69 Å）和Mn4+（0.53 Å）晶格位点，调控MnO6八面体的晶体结构。该策略有效地将层间距从0.5574 nm增加到0.5667 nm，并通过电荷补偿和P2→O2相变抑制了Mn3+的jan - teller效应。这些增益效应通过一系列原位（即原位XRD和原位DRT）和非原位（如XPS光谱，HRTEM图像）表征得到了基本的阐明。理论计算进一步阐明了降低的扩散能垒和增强的体电导率和微分电荷。优化Ba-doped NNMO显示了极其有利的循环性能1 C(118马 h g−1 @91 % @500周期),5 C(90.8马 h g−1 @73.1 % @2000周期),和10 C(80.9马 h g−1 @68.4 % @2000周期)电流密度。它还具有优越的速率能力（80.9 mA h g−1@10 C）和可忽略不计的电压衰减1 ‰每周期。用硬碳组装的全电池显示出具有竞争力的循环性能（107 mA h g−1@87.1 %@0.1 C@500 cycles）和能量密度（261 W h kg−1），对高性能sib具有巨大的科学意义和实用价值。
{"title":"Ultra large ion substitute resists Jahn-Teller effects towards high-performance Mn-based P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 cathode","authors":"Xiang Ding , Caijiang Jiang , Piluan Li , Yong Fan , Zhibin Cheng , Haonan Li , Liangwei Liu , Yi Xiao , Fang Chen , Lili Han","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>P2-Na<sub>0.67</sub>Ni<sub>0.33</sub>Mn<sub>0.67</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NNMO) Mn-based cathode has high discharge voltage/capacity and facile manufacture in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Meanwhile, it faces fatal irreversible P2→O2 transition at elevated 4 V and grain cracking during cycles. Herein, Ba<sup>2+</sup> with a super large ionic radius of 135 pm is incorporated into the Ni<sup>2+</sup> (0.69 Å) and Mn<sup>4+</sup> (0.53 Å) lattice sites to regulate the MnO6 octahedrons in crystallographic structure. This strategy effectively increases the interlayer spacing from 0.5574 nm to 0.5667 nm and suppresses the Jahn-Teller effects of Mn<sup>3+</sup> via charge compensation as well as P2→O2 phase transition. These gain effects are fundamentally elucidated by a series of in-situ (i.e. in-situ XRD and in-situ DRT) and ex-situ (e.g. XPS spectra, HRTEM images) characterizations. Theoretical calculations further clarify the reduced diffusion energy barrier and enhanced bulk conductivity and differential charge. The optimized Ba-doped NNMO shows extremely advantageous cycling performance in 1 C (118 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>@91 % @500 cycles), 5 C (90.8 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>@73.1 %@2000 cycles), and 10 C (80.9 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>@68.4 %@2000 cycles) current densities. It also has superior rate capability (80.9 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>@10 C) and negligible voltage decay of 1 ‰ per cycle. The full-cells assembled with hard carbon display competitive cycle performance (107 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>@87.1 %@0.1 C@500 cycles) and energy density (261 W h kg<sup>−1</sup>), demonstrating enormously scientific significance and practical value for high-performance SIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102925"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102894
Xiangjun Ou , Xiong Liu , Qi Qiao , Xiaonan Li , Zhangxi Xu , Tianyi Tian , Yang Li , Ling Tang , Tianzi Shi , Li Kong , Zhiping Zhang
Modulation of the interaction between neutrophils and macrophages is pivotal for controlling the inflammatory response in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To enhance pulmonary drug deposition efficiency and simultaneously regulate macrophages and neutrophils, dynamic size-switching microsphere complexes (DNMP) were synthesized based on a double emulsion formulation strategy, utilizing acetalated dextran (Ac-Dextran) as the matrix material and co-encapsulated roflumilast-loaded albumin nanoparticles (BNP) and dexamethasone (DEX). DNMP exhibited high uniformity and encapsulation efficiency. Upon pulmonary administration, the micron-sized DNMP demonstrated remarkable deposition efficiency in the lungs, with a pulmonary retention time exceeding 48 h. Within the acidic microenvironment of inflamed lung, DNMP rapidly disintegrated, thereby releasing the co-encapsulated BNP and DEX. The BNP exhibited specific targeting towards neutrophils, subsequently releasing roflumilast to exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, DEX modulated macrophage polarization and the overall inflammatory microenvironment, thereby contributing to a comprehensive and synergistic therapeutic strategy for mitigating pulmonary inflammation. As expected, DNMP alleviated lung injury by reducing neutrophil infiltration, decreasing the proportion of pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages, suppressing inflammatory cytokine and ROS levels, and inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. This innovative acid-responsive dual-drug delivery system provided a promising therapeutic strategy for ARDS.
{"title":"Pulmonary delivery of dynamic size-switching microspheres for regulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the acute respiratory distress syndrome","authors":"Xiangjun Ou , Xiong Liu , Qi Qiao , Xiaonan Li , Zhangxi Xu , Tianyi Tian , Yang Li , Ling Tang , Tianzi Shi , Li Kong , Zhiping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modulation of the interaction between neutrophils and macrophages is pivotal for controlling the inflammatory response in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To enhance pulmonary drug deposition efficiency and simultaneously regulate macrophages and neutrophils, dynamic size-switching microsphere complexes (DNMP) were synthesized based on a double emulsion formulation strategy, utilizing acetalated dextran (Ac-Dextran) as the matrix material and co-encapsulated roflumilast-loaded albumin nanoparticles (BNP) and dexamethasone (DEX). DNMP exhibited high uniformity and encapsulation efficiency. Upon pulmonary administration, the micron-sized DNMP demonstrated remarkable deposition efficiency in the lungs, with a pulmonary retention time exceeding 48 h. Within the acidic microenvironment of inflamed lung, DNMP rapidly disintegrated, thereby releasing the co-encapsulated BNP and DEX. The BNP exhibited specific targeting towards neutrophils, subsequently releasing roflumilast to exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, DEX modulated macrophage polarization and the overall inflammatory microenvironment, thereby contributing to a comprehensive and synergistic therapeutic strategy for mitigating pulmonary inflammation. As expected, DNMP alleviated lung injury by reducing neutrophil infiltration, decreasing the proportion of pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages, suppressing inflammatory cytokine and ROS levels, and inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. This innovative acid-responsive dual-drug delivery system provided a promising therapeutic strategy for ARDS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102894"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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