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Assessment of Risk Factors and Consequences of Mental Health Problems Among Mental Health Patients Admitted in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia 对埃塞俄比亚巴希尔达尔费利格希沃特转诊医院收治的精神健康患者的精神健康问题的风险因素和后果的评估
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211020449
Awgchew Shimelash Yasegnal
Introduction Mental health problem is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. Objective To assess the risk factors and consequence of mental health problems among patients admitted in Felege Hiwot Referal Hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Methodology: Phenomenological research design was used to conduct this study. Using available sampling, a total of 10 participants were involved. Interview was used as a means of collecting the data. The data was analyzed by thematic and narration techniques of analysis. Result Early life experience, social crises, economic problem, biological causes like brain damage and injury, heredity, drug use, and traditional believes such as sin, curse, witchcraft, evil spirit, herbal medicine are found to be the risk factors. Low self esteem, loneliness, hopelessness, economic problem, suicidal attempt, unable to detect the need of the patients, history taking challenge, low level of patience, low drug adherence, and counter transference are found to be the consequence of mental health problem. Conclusion People with mental health problem in the long run are highly prone to suicidal attempt and commitment as a result mental health problem. Recommendations: Concerned government bodies/Health Bureau/and the people shall work on the problems proactively and minimize the consequences through intensive follow up of people with mental health problems.
心理健康问题是一种以个体认知、情绪调节或行为的临床显著障碍为特征的综合征,反映了心理、生物或发展过程中潜在的心理功能障碍。目的探讨埃塞俄比亚巴希尔达尔费利格希沃特转诊医院住院患者心理健康问题的危险因素及其后果。方法:采用现象学研究设计进行本研究。利用现有的抽样,共涉及10名参与者。访谈是收集数据的一种手段。采用主题分析和叙事分析的方法对数据进行分析。结果早期生活经历、社会危机、经济问题、脑损伤等生物原因、遗传、药物使用以及罪、诅咒、巫术、邪灵、草药等传统信仰是其发病的危险因素。低自尊、孤独、绝望、经济问题、自杀企图、无法发现病人的需要、接受挑战的历史、低水平的耐心、低药物依从性和反移情被发现是心理健康问题的后果。结论有心理健康问题的人长期存在自杀企图和自杀承诺的倾向,这是心理健康问题的结果。建议:有关政府机构/卫生局/市民应积极处理问题,并透过密集跟进心理健康问题人士,将后果减至最低。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of Resilient Hospice Workers From Their Administrators’ Perspectives: A Qualitative Study 从管理者的角度看弹性安宁疗护工作者的特质:一项质性研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211017279
Tiffany Havlin, Amanda Keys
This study explores hospice administrators’ perceptions of the characteristics of resilient hospice workers. This qualitative phenomenological study included ten participants from five hospice organizations in rural and urban Southwest Missouri communities. All participants were current hospice administrators. Administrators identified six characteristics of resilient hospice workers. These characteristics included (a) relationship building with clients, (b) having a supportive team, (c) ongoing education, (d) positivity, (e) strong boundaries, and (f) the importance of spirituality. Authors suggest identifying and encouraging these characteristics in hospice workers may lead to less employee turnover, healthier employees, and a better work environment.
本研究探讨安宁疗护管理者对弹性安宁疗护工作者特质的认知。本质性现象学研究包括来自密苏里州西南乡村及城市社区五个安宁疗护组织的十位参与者。所有参与者都是目前的临终关怀管理人员。管理人员确定了有弹性的临终关怀工作者的六个特征。这些特征包括(a)与客户建立关系,(b)拥有一个支持性的团队,(c)持续的教育,(d)积极,(e)强大的界限,以及(f)灵性的重要性。作者建议,识别并鼓励临终关怀工作者的这些特征,可能会减少员工流失率,使员工更健康,并创造更好的工作环境。
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引用次数: 1
Prevalence and Social Risk Factors of Infertility in Vietnam 越南不孕的患病率和社会危险因素
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211022103
Namcho Kim, C. Chamchan, K. Tangchonlatip
Despite of significant social meaning of childlessness in Vietnam, there have been less scientific interests and social concerns about infertility during the past decades. This study aimed to measure infertility prevalence rate among Vietnamese married women and identifies the risk factors associated with vulnerability of infertility in social perspectives. A total of 11,715 married women aged between 20 and 44 years were selected from two rounds of Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in 2011 and 2014. The study applied a demographic definition of infertility; refers to an absence of live birth in the past 24 months among married women having desire of child and not using any contraceptive method. Primary infertility prevalence was decreased from 1.6% in 2011 to 1.1% in 2014, while secondary infertility increased from 3.5% to 3.7% during the same period. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that age of women and husband, education, wealth index and age at first marriage were significantly associated with primary infertility, while education, wealth index and age at first marriage were significantly associated with secondary infertility. Despite some limitations, this study is helpful to understand infertility dynamics and some influencing factors increasing the risk of infertility in social context of the Vietnam.
尽管在越南无子女具有重要的社会意义,但在过去的几十年里,对不孕不育的科学兴趣和社会关注较少。本研究旨在测量越南已婚妇女的不孕症患病率,并从社会角度确定与不孕症易感性相关的危险因素。在2011年和2014年的两轮越南多指标类集调查中,共选择了11,715名年龄在20至44岁之间的已婚女性。该研究采用了不孕不育的人口统计学定义;指有生育愿望且未采取任何避孕措施的已婚妇女在过去24个月内没有活产的情况。原发性不孕症患病率从2011年的1.6%下降到2014年的1.1%,而同期继发性不孕症患病率从3.5%上升到3.7%。多项logistic回归分析显示,女性与丈夫的年龄、教育程度、财富指数和初婚年龄与原发性不孕症显著相关,教育程度、财富指数和初婚年龄与继发性不孕症显著相关。尽管有一定的局限性,但本研究有助于了解越南社会背景下的不孕动态和不孕风险的影响因素。
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引用次数: 0
Political Grief 政治的悲伤
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/1054137321999793
Darcy Harris
Grief is usually understood as the personal response to loss. Thus, there is a tendency to consider grief as an individual experience, most typically related to the death of a loved one. However, recent research and theory have provided a much more complex picture of grief as a broad, interdimensional experience that can be both generated and experienced at micro, mezzo, and macro levels. In this context, consideration is given to grief that occurs as a result of events that take place at the sociopolitical level, which can be experienced both individually and collectively. Collective grief may occur when the loss relates to a group where commonly shared assumptions are shattered. The concept of political grief can be seen as a poignant sense of assault to the assumptive world of those who struggle with the ideology and practices of their governing bodies and those who hold political power. Likewise, political grief would also include the direct losses that are experienced by individuals as a result of political policies, ideologies, and oppression enacted and/or empowered at the sociopolitical levels. Different theoretical perspectives, such as the cultural backlash theory, the role of economic inequality within significant sectors, and predictions of the response to threat by terror management theory may help to understand the rise of governments that increase divisions and the sense of loss experienced by large groups within their jurisdiction.
悲伤通常被理解为对失去的个人反应。因此,有一种倾向认为悲伤是一种个人经历,最典型的是与亲人的死亡有关。然而,最近的研究和理论提供了一个更复杂的画面,悲伤是一种广泛的、跨维度的体验,可以在微观、中音和宏观层面上产生和体验。在这种情况下,考虑到在社会政治层面上发生的事件所造成的悲伤,这些事件可以个人或集体地经历。当一个群体的共同假设被打破时,集体悲伤就会发生。政治悲伤的概念可以被看作是对那些与他们的管理机构的意识形态和做法作斗争的人以及那些掌握政治权力的人的假设世界的一种尖锐的攻击。同样,政治悲痛还包括个人因在社会政治层面制定和/或授权的政治政策、意识形态和压迫而遭受的直接损失。不同的理论观点,如文化反弹理论,经济不平等在重要部门中的作用,以及恐怖管理理论对威胁反应的预测,可能有助于理解政府的崛起,这些政府加剧了其管辖范围内的大群体的分裂和失落感。
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引用次数: 2
Nine Months of Labor: The Psychosocial Weight of a Pregnancy After a Gestational Loss 9个月的分娩:妊娠丢失后怀孕的心理社会重量
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211007850
Stefany Fortin, M. Keitel
This article reviews the literature on the experience of pregnancy for women who suffered a prior perinatal loss through miscarriage or stillbirth. Both psychological and social perspectives are considered, and findings synthesized with the first author’s reflection on the psychosocial circumstances and needs of women pregnant after a loss, using her personal loss and experience as a peer providing support to this population. Clinical implications highlight the importance of acknowledging the challenges faced by those carrying a child in the very same womb that had previously seen a devastating outcome.
这篇文章回顾了文献的经验,怀孕的妇女谁遭受了以前围产期损失,通过流产或死产。心理学和社会观点都被考虑在内,研究结果与第一作者对丧子后怀孕妇女的社会心理环境和需求的反思相结合,利用她个人的丧子经历和作为同龄人为这一人群提供支持的经历。临床意义强调了承认那些在同一个子宫里孕育孩子的人所面临的挑战的重要性,这些孩子以前曾经历过毁灭性的后果。
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引用次数: 1
Patients’ Perspective on the Psychological Impact of Multiple Sclerosis on Their Life 多发性硬化症患者对生活心理影响的看法
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211006883
Chrysoula Baka, K. Chatira, E. Karademas, K. Kafetsios
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that greatly impacts on patients’ physical and psychosocial wellbeing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the experiences of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in Greece (N = 30), with regard to the way they coped with the diagnosis and the symptoms, the psychological implications of the disorder and the meaning they attributed to it. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and they were analyzed using grounded theory. The findings showed that despite the negative implications of the disorder and the difficulty in managing the diagnosis and the symptoms, half of the patients attributed positive meaning to the disorder. Taking care of oneself, re-evaluation of life and a sense of liberation were described as the positive outcomes of experiencing multiple sclerosis.
多发性硬化症是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,严重影响患者的身体和心理健康。本研究的目的是调查希腊被诊断为多发性硬化症的人(N = 30)的经历,包括他们应对诊断和症状的方式,疾病的心理影响以及他们归因于它的意义。通过半结构化访谈收集数据,并使用扎根理论对其进行分析。研究结果表明,尽管这种疾病有负面影响,而且很难诊断和控制症状,但有一半的患者认为这种疾病有积极意义。照顾好自己,重新评估生活和解放感被描述为经历多发性硬化症的积极结果。
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引用次数: 2
Finding Meaning in Life After a Cancer Diagnosis: What Is the Role of Financial Strain? 癌症诊断后寻找生活的意义:经济压力的作用是什么?
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/10541373211007455
S. Alonzi, L. Perry, Michael Hoerger
Finding meaning in life is important for maintaining physical and mental well-being. Obtaining a deeper understanding of activities that patients with cancer find meaningful is essential in improving cancer care and increasing meaning in life in these individuals. The sample of the present study consisted of patients with cancer (N = 61) who reported their levels of financial strain and listed types of activities that they found most meaningful as a part of an online study. Participants engaged in activities that could be grouped into four broad domains (companionship, personal responsibility, recreation, and existential). In addition, results showed that financial strain was associated with higher preference for activities in the existential domain and lower preference for activities in the recreation domain. Future researchers could extend this study by exploring why certain activities are found to be more meaningful and how to combat the influence of financial strain in cancer.
寻找生活的意义对保持身心健康很重要。深入了解癌症患者认为有意义的活动对于改善癌症治疗和增加这些个体的生活意义至关重要。本研究的样本包括癌症患者(N = 61),他们报告了自己的经济压力水平,并列出了他们认为最有意义的活动类型,作为在线研究的一部分。参与者参与的活动可以分为四个广泛的领域(友谊、个人责任、娱乐和存在)。此外,研究结果还表明,财务压力与存在领域活动的高偏好和娱乐领域活动的低偏好相关。未来的研究人员可以通过探索为什么某些活动被发现更有意义以及如何对抗经济压力对癌症的影响来扩展这项研究。
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引用次数: 0
Parental Bereavement in Older Age: A Scoping Review 老年人的父母丧亲之痛:范围审查
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/1054137321995811
P. Wright
A scoping review of parental bereavement in older age was conducted to identify the unique needs of older adults after the loss of an adult child. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed in accordance with the stated objectives of this review, which was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). In total, 26 research studies were included. The data were then analyzed using a systematic approach for organizing and synthesizing key data. The results indicated that some consequences and mediators of parental bereavement are similar regardless of age. But, older adults experience greater loneliness, isolation, and stigma than their younger counterparts. Older parents are also at greater risk for physical decline, mortality, and institutionalization following the death of an adult child. Religious and cultural mores also have influence on the bereavement process.
对老年人父母丧亲进行了范围审查,以确定老年人在失去成年子女后的独特需求。纳入和排除标准是根据本综述的既定目标制定的,并以系统评价和荟萃分析扩展范围评价的首选报告项目(PRISMA-ScR)为指导。总共纳入了26项研究。然后使用系统的方法对数据进行分析,以组织和综合关键数据。研究结果表明,不同年龄的父母丧亲的一些后果和中介因素是相似的。但是,老年人比年轻人更容易感到孤独、孤立和耻辱。年龄较大的父母在成年子女死亡后身体衰退、死亡和被收容的风险也更大。宗教和文化习俗对丧亲过程也有影响。
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引用次数: 3
Bonded from Brokenness: A Collaborative Autoethnography on Maternal Bereavement 破碎的纽带:关于母亲丧亲的合作自我民族志
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/1054137320988476
Gina C. Whalen, Tara E. Simmons
The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of maternal bereavement. As scholar practitioners the authors offer their personal narratives to bring awareness to the multifaceted aspects of grieving the death of a child. Using collaborative autoethnography as the study’s methodology enabled the authors to explore their connection to the sociocultural context of maternal grief. Data collection consisted of a dialogue process that took place electronically through the course of asynchronous messages. Data analysis revealed three interrelated themes: transformation, constructing meaning, and creative ways of knowing. The findings are examined in light of literature regarding maternal bereavement and the expressing of grief through writing. The study concludes with a discussion on implications and recommendations for bereaved mothers and those who serve this population.
本研究的目的是探讨母亲丧亲之痛的体验。作为学者实践者,作者提供了他们的个人叙述,以使人们意识到悲伤儿童死亡的多方面。使用协作的自我民族志作为研究方法,使作者能够探索他们与母亲悲伤的社会文化背景的联系。数据收集包括通过异步消息的过程以电子方式进行的对话过程。数据分析揭示了三个相互关联的主题:转换、构建意义和创造性的认识方式。研究结果是根据文献关于产妇丧亲和通过写作表达悲伤。该研究最后讨论了对丧失亲人的母亲和那些为这一人群服务的人的影响和建议。
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引用次数: 1
Returning to Work Following Spousal Loss? The Experiences of Widowed Parents 失去配偶后重返工作岗位?丧偶父母的经历
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/1054137320986750
Helle Holmgren
Families with children in the home who lose a parent to death are not only faced by bereavement but quite often a whole array of other changes. One area that has so far been overlooked in research is the return to work of the surviving parent. In this online survey of widowed parents, four out of five (81.6%, n=71) had experienced changes in their working or student conditions as a direct result of losing their partner. The experienced changes were mainly seen in relation to increased sick leave, reduced working hours, redundancy, and a change of jobs. Thematic analyses of participant responses to open-ended questions resulted in four different themes: Feeling overburdened, Grief as a process, Unaccommodating workplace, and Accommodating workplace. The results of this study highlight a need for focusing on the return to work of bereaved employees who have lost a co-parent.
家中有孩子的家庭如果失去了一位父母,他们不仅要面对丧亲之痛,而且往往还要面对一系列其他的变化。到目前为止,在研究中被忽视的一个领域是幸存的父母重返工作岗位。在这项针对丧偶父母的在线调查中,五分之四(81.6%,n=71)的人因失去伴侣而直接改变了工作或学生状况。所经历的变化主要与病假增加、工作时间减少、裁员和更换工作有关。对参与者回答开放式问题的主题分析产生了四个不同的主题:感觉负担过重,悲伤作为一个过程,不适应的工作场所和适应的工作场所。这项研究的结果强调了关注失去共同父母的员工重返工作岗位的必要性。
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引用次数: 5
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Illness Crisis and Loss
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