Food nanotechnologies pose a number of difficulties in risk assessment and risk man- agement, such as data collection, definition, and classification of materials. There is no clear con- sensus as to what is to be regulated and who would be involved in the area of food nanotech. In this paper, I have described how stakeholders respond to various uncertainties related to food nanotechnologies, and tried to elucidate the dynamic nature of uncertainties and societal stakes that occurred during negotiations among various stakeholders in the case of food nanotechnolo- gies in Japan. Three ways taken by stakeholders to respond to these situations were analyzed based on the experiences of participatory research. These are: (1) trying to reconstruct uncertainty while the stakes are regarded as given, (2) trying to reconstruct stakes while the uncertainty is regarded as given, and (3) trying to reconstruct uncertainty and stake at the same time. I conclude with a discussion of some ethical implications for stakeholder identification and dealing with uncertainty.
{"title":"Uncertainty of, and stakeholder response to, emerging technologies: food nanotechnology in Japan","authors":"M. Tachikawa","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00127","url":null,"abstract":"Food nanotechnologies pose a number of difficulties in risk assessment and risk man- agement, such as data collection, definition, and classification of materials. There is no clear con- sensus as to what is to be regulated and who would be involved in the area of food nanotech. In this paper, I have described how stakeholders respond to various uncertainties related to food nanotechnologies, and tried to elucidate the dynamic nature of uncertainties and societal stakes that occurred during negotiations among various stakeholders in the case of food nanotechnolo- gies in Japan. Three ways taken by stakeholders to respond to these situations were analyzed based on the experiences of participatory research. These are: (1) trying to reconstruct uncertainty while the stakes are regarded as given, (2) trying to reconstruct stakes while the uncertainty is regarded as given, and (3) trying to reconstruct uncertainty and stake at the same time. I conclude with a discussion of some ethical implications for stakeholder identification and dealing with uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years the language of public engagement has increasingly infused discus- sions about the science-society relationship. This is particularly evident in Australia, the United Kingdom and Europe in relation to nanotechnologies. Thus far, the discourse of public engage- ment has been largely preoccupied with exploring the mechanisms for 'engaging' 'the public', with single stakeholder-driven events dominating initiatives. Many engagement efforts have re - invented the so-called deficit model of public understanding, whereby 'the problem' to be addressed is 'the public's' assumed 'ignorance' or lack of awareness of the science. In comparison, there has been little reflection on the assumptions and conceptual frameworks that guide stake- holders' policies and actions, including constructions of science and citizenship. If one is to address the lack of opportunities for citizen participation in science policymaking, it is essential to question these assumptions and reveal how they guide and limit thinking and action. This article outlines the diverse conceptions of 'the public' and 'public engagement', reflecting the different values, experiences and positioning of Australian stakeholders within the nanotechnology field. The article seeks to contextualise the discourse of public engagement, highlighting the particular set of conditions and concerns that have shaped its language and practices and the attendant gov- ernmental implications. Finally, it concludes by identifying the kinds of strategies that will be required to advance the democratisation of science and technology in the future.
{"title":"Engaging whom and for what ends? Australian stakeholders' constructions of public engagement in relation to nanotechnologies","authors":"A. Petersen, D. Bowman","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00124","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years the language of public engagement has increasingly infused discus- sions about the science-society relationship. This is particularly evident in Australia, the United Kingdom and Europe in relation to nanotechnologies. Thus far, the discourse of public engage- ment has been largely preoccupied with exploring the mechanisms for 'engaging' 'the public', with single stakeholder-driven events dominating initiatives. Many engagement efforts have re - invented the so-called deficit model of public understanding, whereby 'the problem' to be addressed is 'the public's' assumed 'ignorance' or lack of awareness of the science. In comparison, there has been little reflection on the assumptions and conceptual frameworks that guide stake- holders' policies and actions, including constructions of science and citizenship. If one is to address the lack of opportunities for citizen participation in science policymaking, it is essential to question these assumptions and reveal how they guide and limit thinking and action. This article outlines the diverse conceptions of 'the public' and 'public engagement', reflecting the different values, experiences and positioning of Australian stakeholders within the nanotechnology field. The article seeks to contextualise the discourse of public engagement, highlighting the particular set of conditions and concerns that have shaped its language and practices and the attendant gov- ernmental implications. Finally, it concludes by identifying the kinds of strategies that will be required to advance the democratisation of science and technology in the future.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"67-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The AsiaPacific region is an emergent and important arena in the development of technology and science. However, until recently there has been little critical analysis of the emerging technoscientific governance that is embedded in the region's socio-political, cultural and economic contexts. This Theme Section addresses concepts such as 'scientific citizenship', 'expertlay interaction', 'participatory risk governance' and 'public engagement' in order to stim- ulate discussions on the social and ethical issues which need to be tackled when introducing new technologies in this region.
{"title":"The ethical and social imperatives of dialogue for public engagement in technoscience: trends in Asia–Pacific governance","authors":"Tomiko Yamaguchi, Karen Cronin, D. Macer","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00129","url":null,"abstract":"The AsiaPacific region is an emergent and important arena in the development of technology and science. However, until recently there has been little critical analysis of the emerging technoscientific governance that is embedded in the region's socio-political, cultural and economic contexts. This Theme Section addresses concepts such as 'scientific citizenship', 'expertlay interaction', 'participatory risk governance' and 'public engagement' in order to stim- ulate discussions on the social and ethical issues which need to be tackled when introducing new technologies in this region.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the controversy concerning the emission of electromagnetic waves at a meteorological radar site in Chigu, Taiwan, as an example of an emerging technologi- cal risk. At the heart of this controversy is a lack of scientific evidence and consensus regarding potential or future effects of the radiation on human health. The Chigu meteorological radar site started operating in 2000, and medical problems have inexplicably increased in one offshore com- munity adjacent to this radar station since 2006. The community residents have long suspected that such disproportionate medical problems are a result of their daily exposure to electromag- netic waves from this meteorological radar site and now they are calling for this station to be dis- mantled. The Central Weather Bureau has responded to local residents' protests by claiming that no scientific evidence of such risk exists, according to the criteria set by the Environmental Protec- tion Administration (EPA) in Taiwan and several documents published by the World Health Orga- nization. Environmental activists and local residents have never agreed with such responses and claims. Controversies between both camps continue to fester. Drawing from arguments presented in studies by Funtowicz and Ravetz and the literature on participatory risk governance, the pre- sent study employs a qualitative approach, with in-depth interviews and analysis of documentary data, to investigate this case. The research delineates conflicting portrayals and framings of scien- tific knowledge and risk by technocrats and by civil society. The 'post-normal science' call for democratizing expertise has a critical role in providing a perspective through which a contempo- rary complex scientific controversy may be better understood in social-political contexts in Taiwan and shed light on better risk governance.
{"title":"EMF controversy in Chigu, Taiwan: contested declarations of risk and scientific knowledge have implications for risk governance","authors":"S. Kao","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00125","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the controversy concerning the emission of electromagnetic waves at a meteorological radar site in Chigu, Taiwan, as an example of an emerging technologi- cal risk. At the heart of this controversy is a lack of scientific evidence and consensus regarding potential or future effects of the radiation on human health. The Chigu meteorological radar site started operating in 2000, and medical problems have inexplicably increased in one offshore com- munity adjacent to this radar station since 2006. The community residents have long suspected that such disproportionate medical problems are a result of their daily exposure to electromag- netic waves from this meteorological radar site and now they are calling for this station to be dis- mantled. The Central Weather Bureau has responded to local residents' protests by claiming that no scientific evidence of such risk exists, according to the criteria set by the Environmental Protec- tion Administration (EPA) in Taiwan and several documents published by the World Health Orga- nization. Environmental activists and local residents have never agreed with such responses and claims. Controversies between both camps continue to fester. Drawing from arguments presented in studies by Funtowicz and Ravetz and the literature on participatory risk governance, the pre- sent study employs a qualitative approach, with in-depth interviews and analysis of documentary data, to investigate this case. The research delineates conflicting portrayals and framings of scien- tific knowledge and risk by technocrats and by civil society. The 'post-normal science' call for democratizing expertise has a critical role in providing a perspective through which a contempo- rary complex scientific controversy may be better understood in social-political contexts in Taiwan and shed light on better risk governance.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"81-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Media reports on the wave of unrest sweeping the Arab world for the most part ignore a crucial underlying factor: rapid, unsustainable population growth. Seventeen years ago, Egypt, one of the countries at the center of the current unrest, hosted the International Conference on Population and Development. Under the influence of feminist and social justice non-governmental organisations, population reduction as an end in itself was off the agenda as antithetical to women’s rights. A focus on development alone was expected to bring about a reduction in population growth. In the absence of national or international (United Nations) population strategies, financial support for family planning has fallen sharply and population growth has remained rapid. Consequently, development has lagged, and a deteriorating environment and resource scarcity have led to conflict in many regions. This article challenges the arguments used to suppress discussion of and action on population growth and invites readers to break the silence of policy makers and scholars to discuss the role of population growth in a myriad of problems, what we can call the population taboo.
{"title":"Deconstructing the dangerous dogma of denial: the feminist-environmental justice movement and its flight from overpopulation","authors":"M. Weld","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00123","url":null,"abstract":"Media reports on the wave of unrest sweeping the Arab world for the most part ignore a crucial underlying factor: rapid, unsustainable population growth. Seventeen years ago, Egypt, one of the countries at the center of the current unrest, hosted the International Conference on Population and Development. Under the influence of feminist and social justice non-governmental organisations, population reduction as an end in itself was off the agenda as antithetical to women’s rights. A focus on development alone was expected to bring about a reduction in population growth. In the absence of national or international (United Nations) population strategies, financial support for family planning has fallen sharply and population growth has remained rapid. Consequently, development has lagged, and a deteriorating environment and resource scarcity have led to conflict in many regions. This article challenges the arguments used to suppress discussion of and action on population growth and invites readers to break the silence of policy makers and scholars to discuss the role of population growth in a myriad of problems, what we can call the population taboo.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"53-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the hypothetical consequences of applying the rationality of the market model to the core activities of science, viz. reading, writing texts, and posing and answer- ing scientific questions. What would happen to science and to our ideas and norms regarding sci- ence if we ascribed to the individual scientist the rationality of 'economic man'? The starting point is a discussion of scientific norms and driving forces in the sociology of science. A central conclu- sion is that science has until now been perceived as being judgment driven, and that scientific judgment historically has been formed in a setting where intersubjectivity has been central. This analysis bridges the gap between classical Mertonian sociology of science and science and tech- nology studies. What then happens to discretionary decision making if we introduce economic rationality into science? Economics tends to treat science from a Mertonian viewpoint, presuppos- ing a value-based rationality, and when economic rationality (the supply/demand mechanism) is introduced, these values are not affected. However, the conclusion of this article is that this would indeed deeply affect scientific rationality. Discretionary decision making would be downplayed, as focus would shift from the text as a means of communicating the result, to the text as a commod- ity in a market of publication. This would disembed the credibility cycle, and it would alter the character of scientific work and undermine intersubjectivity. Consumption would be disembed- ded from the context of use and from the norms regarding the use of texts and their value. The knowledge base necessary for intersubjectivity would decrease.
{"title":"Demand or discretion? The market model applied to science and its core values and institutions","authors":"Ylva Hasselberg","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00118","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the hypothetical consequences of applying the rationality of the market model to the core activities of science, viz. reading, writing texts, and posing and answer- ing scientific questions. What would happen to science and to our ideas and norms regarding sci- ence if we ascribed to the individual scientist the rationality of 'economic man'? The starting point is a discussion of scientific norms and driving forces in the sociology of science. A central conclu- sion is that science has until now been perceived as being judgment driven, and that scientific judgment historically has been formed in a setting where intersubjectivity has been central. This analysis bridges the gap between classical Mertonian sociology of science and science and tech- nology studies. What then happens to discretionary decision making if we introduce economic rationality into science? Economics tends to treat science from a Mertonian viewpoint, presuppos- ing a value-based rationality, and when economic rationality (the supply/demand mechanism) is introduced, these values are not affected. However, the conclusion of this article is that this would indeed deeply affect scientific rationality. Discretionary decision making would be downplayed, as focus would shift from the text as a means of communicating the result, to the text as a commod- ity in a market of publication. This would disembed the credibility cycle, and it would alter the character of scientific work and undermine intersubjectivity. Consumption would be disembed- ded from the context of use and from the norms regarding the use of texts and their value. The knowledge base necessary for intersubjectivity would decrease.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"35-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
World population is growing at an alarming rate, and thus population has become a major topic in sustainable development fora. In these debates, it is often asserted that developing countries with large populations pose a greater world environmental threat than developed countries with smaller populations. Because of this view, developed countries often appeal to developing countries to reduce their population growth. However, it is well known that developed countries have higher levels of consumption than developing countries and that consumption also exerts pressure on the environment. Although awareness of the importance of consumption for development and the recognition of the relationship between population and consumption are increasing, population still takes precedence over consumption as a major concern for sustainability. Our objective here is to present the importance of consumption vis-à-vis population for development and to discuss their direct linkages. We draw on the work by Vallentyne (1978: Verh Int Verein Limnol 20:1–12; and 1982: Biol Int 5:10–12), and use his ‘demotechnic’ index to combine and inter-relate population and consumption. By doing so, we are able to adjust population by consumption, obtaining estimates that allow fair comparisons of countries in terms of their global environmental stress. The conclusions obtained from the estimates of population adjusted by consumption seriously question the assumption that countries with larger populations pose a greater environmental risk. Sustainable development is premised on a balance between population and consumption within the overall limits imposed by nature. Therefore, it becomes clear that not only population but also consumption have to be reduced if sustainability is to be achieved.
世界人口正以惊人的速度增长，因此人口已成为可持续发展论坛的一个重要议题。在这些辩论中，经常有人断言，人口众多的发展中国家比人口较少的发达国家对世界环境构成更大的威胁。由于这种观点，发达国家经常呼吁发展中国家减少其人口增长。然而，众所周知，发达国家的消费水平高于发展中国家，而且消费也对环境造成压力。虽然人们越来越认识到消费对发展的重要性和认识到人口与消费之间的关系，但作为可持续性的一个主要问题，人口仍然优先于消费。我们在此的目标是说明消费对-à-vis人口发展的重要性，并讨论它们之间的直接联系。我们借鉴了瓦伦坦(1978:Verh Int Verein Limnol 20:1-12)的作品;1982年:《圣经》Int 5:10-12)，并使用他的“人口技术”指数来结合人口和消费并将其相互关联。通过这样做，我们能够根据消费来调整人口，从而获得估算值，使各国能够就其全球环境压力进行公平比较。从经消费调整的人口估计数中得出的结论严重质疑人口较多的国家构成更大环境风险的假设。可持续发展的前提是在自然规定的总体限度内实现人口和消费的平衡。因此，很明显，如果要实现可持续性，不仅必须减少人口，而且必须减少消费。
{"title":"Consumption: the other side of population for development*","authors":"F. Mata, Larry Onisto, J. Vallentyne","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00122","url":null,"abstract":"World population is growing at an alarming rate, and thus population has become a major topic in sustainable development fora. In these debates, it is often asserted that developing countries with large populations pose a greater world environmental threat than developed countries with smaller populations. Because of this view, developed countries often appeal to developing countries to reduce their population growth. However, it is well known that developed countries have higher levels of consumption than developing countries and that consumption also exerts pressure on the environment. Although awareness of the importance of consumption for development and the recognition of the relationship between population and consumption are increasing, population still takes precedence over consumption as a major concern for sustainability. Our objective here is to present the importance of consumption vis-à-vis population for development and to discuss their direct linkages. We draw on the work by Vallentyne (1978: Verh Int Verein Limnol 20:1–12; and 1982: Biol Int 5:10–12), and use his ‘demotechnic’ index to combine and inter-relate population and consumption. By doing so, we are able to adjust population by consumption, obtaining estimates that allow fair comparisons of countries in terms of their global environmental stress. The conclusions obtained from the estimates of population adjusted by consumption seriously question the assumption that countries with larger populations pose a greater environmental risk. Sustainable development is premised on a balance between population and consumption within the overall limits imposed by nature. Therefore, it becomes clear that not only population but also consumption have to be reduced if sustainability is to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Population has waxed and waned as an issue of public consciousness and action by policymakers. The issue is on the ascendancy again in part because of climate change and food crises caused by escalating food prices, the energy crisis and growing shortages of fresh water. In the face of these problems, attempts of some governments to stimulate higher birth rates, over concern with aging populations, are misplaced and counterproductive. Vallentyne's long- neglected 'demotechnic index' holds new promise for considering both population numbers and consumption rates when evaluating the impact of humans on the environment. Its appearance in publication now is all the more important because of the failure of political leaders to act on the numerous expert warnings issued over several decades regarding the impact of human popula- tion growth and expanding utilization of resources. Thus, the world community needs to act urgently to utilize the demotechnic index of Jack Vallentyne to look holistically at ways to achieve a sustainable society.
{"title":"Vallentyne was right: achieving sustainability requires accounting for all relevant factors","authors":"William N. Ryerson","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00120","url":null,"abstract":"Population has waxed and waned as an issue of public consciousness and action by policymakers. The issue is on the ascendancy again in part because of climate change and food crises caused by escalating food prices, the energy crisis and growing shortages of fresh water. In the face of these problems, attempts of some governments to stimulate higher birth rates, over concern with aging populations, are misplaced and counterproductive. Vallentyne's long- neglected 'demotechnic index' holds new promise for considering both population numbers and consumption rates when evaluating the impact of humans on the environment. Its appearance in publication now is all the more important because of the failure of political leaders to act on the numerous expert warnings issued over several decades regarding the impact of human popula- tion growth and expanding utilization of resources. Thus, the world community needs to act urgently to utilize the demotechnic index of Jack Vallentyne to look holistically at ways to achieve a sustainable society.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ecological effects of warming and freshening ocean waters in the Arctic have been discerned, but narratives are needed to unify these objective scientific states of material being with subjective humanistic states of ideal knowing. Here, the physicality of nature and the spirituality of humanity point towards a putative unification that transcends two self-consistent but non-overlapping frames of reference.
{"title":"O Canada, o quanta qualia","authors":"William K. W. Li","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00119","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological effects of warming and freshening ocean waters in the Arctic have been discerned, but narratives are needed to unify these objective scientific states of material being with subjective humanistic states of ideal knowing. Here, the physicality of nature and the spirituality of humanity point towards a putative unification that transcends two self-consistent but non-overlapping frames of reference.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The late John R. Vallentyne was a limnologist and one of Canada’s most influential scientists in the latter half of the last century. While his work in institution-building and in improving water quality in North American lakes is widely known, his creative, if infrequent, writings on human overpopulation and its environmental consequences are less so. This tribute analyzes these, starting with his concept of demotechnic growth, relating his thoughts to those of David Suzuki and Garrett Hardin, 2 admirers who encouraged him to write his cry-from-the-heart book, Tragedy in Mouse Utopia, which was published shortly before his death. His ideas are related to current population issues such as immigration and the estimation of environmentally sustainable population levels. An attempt is made to explain his relative silence on Canada’s population and immigration policies. He has left some of the heavy-lifting to his colleagues and the next generation.
{"title":"Tribute to an ‘obnoxious’ ecocatalytical demotechnician: Jack Vallentyne on population","authors":"S. Hurlbert","doi":"10.3354/ESEP00121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ESEP00121","url":null,"abstract":"The late John R. Vallentyne was a limnologist and one of Canada’s most influential scientists in the latter half of the last century. While his work in institution-building and in improving water quality in North American lakes is widely known, his creative, if infrequent, writings on human overpopulation and its environmental consequences are less so. This tribute analyzes these, starting with his concept of demotechnic growth, relating his thoughts to those of David Suzuki and Garrett Hardin, 2 admirers who encouraged him to write his cry-from-the-heart book, Tragedy in Mouse Utopia, which was published shortly before his death. His ideas are related to current population issues such as immigration and the estimation of environmentally sustainable population levels. An attempt is made to explain his relative silence on Canada’s population and immigration policies. He has left some of the heavy-lifting to his colleagues and the next generation.","PeriodicalId":40001,"journal":{"name":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics","volume":"12 1","pages":"21-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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