Abstract Introduction One of the most important aspects of happiness is one's health. Increased industrialization in developing nations has contributed to a change in disease patterns away from infectious illness as the major cause of morbidity and mortality toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and trauma. Most emergency circumstances need immediate medical attention before a person is taken to the hospital; therefore, public awareness and training programs can aid in providing efficient basic life support care and services. Only a few works of literature on basic life support and prehospital emergency care in an Indian context are available and are usually studied among school teachers. However, no comparable research including allied health experts such as speech and hearing professionals has yet been published in the literature. Aim The present study aimed at exploring the awareness of speech and hearing professionals regarding basic life support in an Indian context. Methods The questionnaire consisted of two sections where section A comprised 6 questions related to demographic details and participant's experience, and section B composed of 17 questions related to knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was conducted on 250 participants. Out of 250 responses, 42 of them were incomplete and so were removed from the study. Therefore, a total of 208 complete responses received from the participants in the age range of 22 to 60 years from across 23 states and 1 union territory of India were included in the study. Results The result revealed a low percentage of speech and hearing professionals with an adequate understanding of basic life support. The majority of them were found to have insufficient knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. Discussion Being the first of its kind, the present study revealed limited awareness about basic life support among professionals, and therefore, the need to improvise the knowledge of basic life support and prehospital emergency care. This may be achieved by introducing training programs of various natures and dimensions to speech and hearing professionals.
{"title":"Awareness of Basic Life Support among Speech and Hearing Professionals","authors":"A. Suman, A. Neupane, Arpita Singha Chowdhury","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772199","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction One of the most important aspects of happiness is one's health. Increased industrialization in developing nations has contributed to a change in disease patterns away from infectious illness as the major cause of morbidity and mortality toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and trauma. Most emergency circumstances need immediate medical attention before a person is taken to the hospital; therefore, public awareness and training programs can aid in providing efficient basic life support care and services. Only a few works of literature on basic life support and prehospital emergency care in an Indian context are available and are usually studied among school teachers. However, no comparable research including allied health experts such as speech and hearing professionals has yet been published in the literature. Aim The present study aimed at exploring the awareness of speech and hearing professionals regarding basic life support in an Indian context. Methods The questionnaire consisted of two sections where section A comprised 6 questions related to demographic details and participant's experience, and section B composed of 17 questions related to knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was conducted on 250 participants. Out of 250 responses, 42 of them were incomplete and so were removed from the study. Therefore, a total of 208 complete responses received from the participants in the age range of 22 to 60 years from across 23 states and 1 union territory of India were included in the study. Results The result revealed a low percentage of speech and hearing professionals with an adequate understanding of basic life support. The majority of them were found to have insufficient knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. Discussion Being the first of its kind, the present study revealed limited awareness about basic life support among professionals, and therefore, the need to improvise the knowledge of basic life support and prehospital emergency care. This may be achieved by introducing training programs of various natures and dimensions to speech and hearing professionals.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47546138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background The most common surgical approach in neurosurgery to diagnose and treat tumors and aneurysms is the transylvian-pterional approach. The classification of Sylvian fissure (SF) was proposed based on pure anatomical observations by Yasargil. The SF is the most identifiable feature of the superolateral brain surface, which divides the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe which lies below. Aim The aim was to identify the anatomical variations in SF (bilaterally) in the normal population and to identify its morphological asymmetry. Setting and Design This was a retrospective, observational descriptive record-based study which was done to identify the anatomical variations and morphological asymmetry in SF (bilaterally) in the normal healthy population using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Materials and Methods The SF was classified into five types. The categorization of the SF was done by MRI, either using T1-weighted images in three planes. Statistical Analysis Percentage and frequency using SPSS 23.0. Results In this study, we found that type 4 was most common in the general population of 100 patients. We found type 1 was most common in age groups above 50 up to 60 years of age. Types 2 and 4 SF were found in all age groups. Bilateral presentation of the SF can be considered as symmetric in 85% of the general population and asymmetric in 15% of the population considered in this study. Conclusion Classification of the SF types on MRI was shown to be reliable and practicable. Sound knowledge of SF anatomy before neurosurgery can help reduce procedure-related morbidity, ischemic lesions, or edema.
{"title":"Analysis of the Anatomical Variations in Sylvian Fissure Using MRI","authors":"Kevin N. Aranha, Mahesh Mijar, Malathi Bhat","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772198","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The most common surgical approach in neurosurgery to diagnose and treat tumors and aneurysms is the transylvian-pterional approach. The classification of Sylvian fissure (SF) was proposed based on pure anatomical observations by Yasargil. The SF is the most identifiable feature of the superolateral brain surface, which divides the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe which lies below. Aim The aim was to identify the anatomical variations in SF (bilaterally) in the normal population and to identify its morphological asymmetry. Setting and Design This was a retrospective, observational descriptive record-based study which was done to identify the anatomical variations and morphological asymmetry in SF (bilaterally) in the normal healthy population using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Materials and Methods The SF was classified into five types. The categorization of the SF was done by MRI, either using T1-weighted images in three planes. Statistical Analysis Percentage and frequency using SPSS 23.0. Results In this study, we found that type 4 was most common in the general population of 100 patients. We found type 1 was most common in age groups above 50 up to 60 years of age. Types 2 and 4 SF were found in all age groups. Bilateral presentation of the SF can be considered as symmetric in 85% of the general population and asymmetric in 15% of the population considered in this study. Conclusion Classification of the SF types on MRI was shown to be reliable and practicable. Sound knowledge of SF anatomy before neurosurgery can help reduce procedure-related morbidity, ischemic lesions, or edema.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46049605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been constructed and provide us with insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying caries. There can also be gene–gene interactions or gene–environment interactions that create epigenetic effects that all possibly contribute to caries risk and resistance. A variety of caries markers have been identified, including genes affecting salivary flow rates and composition, tooth formation genes, as well as immune genes. Conclusion Information derived from various diverse studies will provide new tools to target individuals and/or populations for a more efficient and effective implementation of new preventive measures and diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of dental caries.
摘要简介 本文综述了遗传标记在龋齿发生和发展中的作用的文献，并提供了对疾病病因的现代理解。龋齿是一种复杂、慢性、多因素的疾病，受遗传、环境和社会因素的影响。遗传风险因素的识别将有助于筛选和识别易感患者，更好地了解基因在龋齿发病中的作用，从而制定各种诊断和新的治疗方法来治疗该疾病。材料和方法 创新和想法是根据PubMed、Google Scholar、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中索引的期刊和教科书中的文献检索的。然后将所获得的理论总结为一个连续的系列；因此，读者可以更容易地理解所提供的思想和创新。结果通过相关基因产物的相互作用，构建了遗传标记，为我们深入了解龋齿的分子机制提供了依据。也可能存在基因-基因相互作用或基因-环境相互作用，产生表观遗传效应，所有这些都可能导致龋齿风险和耐药性。已经鉴定出多种龋齿标志物，包括影响唾液流速和成分的基因、牙齿形成基因以及免疫基因。结论 来自各种不同研究的信息将为针对个人和/或人群提供新的工具，以便在龋齿管理中更有效地实施新的预防措施以及诊断和治疗方法。
{"title":"Role of Genetic Markers in Dental Caries: A Literature Review","authors":"Disha Sharma, S. Bhandary","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been constructed and provide us with insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying caries. There can also be gene–gene interactions or gene–environment interactions that create epigenetic effects that all possibly contribute to caries risk and resistance. A variety of caries markers have been identified, including genes affecting salivary flow rates and composition, tooth formation genes, as well as immune genes. Conclusion Information derived from various diverse studies will provide new tools to target individuals and/or populations for a more efficient and effective implementation of new preventive measures and diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of dental caries.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48495466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic was causing an unfavorable effect on the education and mental health of students. Much information about this virus is available, but its effect on mental health has been overlooked during this pandemic. Also, disruption in the academic year had led to more of virtual learning. The pros and cons of virtual learning need to be assessed, there is a need to evaluate whether there has been a shift in approach toward dental practice. So in our survey, we evaluated the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods In this study, we included 87 final-year dental undergraduate students from A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS). The study was conducted through online questionnaire using google link. Results In our survey, we found that many of the student's mental health was affected as they experienced certain level of depression, isolation, and mood swings, which affected their sleeping pattern. So we can consider counseling sessions for the students. We also found that virtual learning is a convenient alternative, but it also has some drawbacks as it caused physical discomforts like eye strain, back pain, etc. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they felt there is a need to treat patients with protective equipment and guidance. Conclusions Our study showed that this pandemic had hampered the mental health status of students in some ways. Also, it showed that virtual learning is helpful and is a convenient alternative, but it has some drawbacks as it causes physical discomforts. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they need to treat patients with protective equipment. The Covid pandemic waves had made it difficult to control the situation, which resulted in extended periods of lockdown. Hence, these factors should be considered for the benefit of students in order to manage any future outbreaks in a better way.
{"title":"Reality Faced by Dental Students during COVID-19 Pandemic Situation","authors":"T. Bhosale, Roshni Mathew, A. Hegde","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770961","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic was causing an unfavorable effect on the education and mental health of students. Much information about this virus is available, but its effect on mental health has been overlooked during this pandemic. Also, disruption in the academic year had led to more of virtual learning. The pros and cons of virtual learning need to be assessed, there is a need to evaluate whether there has been a shift in approach toward dental practice. So in our survey, we evaluated the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods In this study, we included 87 final-year dental undergraduate students from A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS). The study was conducted through online questionnaire using google link. Results In our survey, we found that many of the student's mental health was affected as they experienced certain level of depression, isolation, and mood swings, which affected their sleeping pattern. So we can consider counseling sessions for the students. We also found that virtual learning is a convenient alternative, but it also has some drawbacks as it caused physical discomforts like eye strain, back pain, etc. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they felt there is a need to treat patients with protective equipment and guidance. Conclusions Our study showed that this pandemic had hampered the mental health status of students in some ways. Also, it showed that virtual learning is helpful and is a convenient alternative, but it has some drawbacks as it causes physical discomforts. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they need to treat patients with protective equipment. The Covid pandemic waves had made it difficult to control the situation, which resulted in extended periods of lockdown. Hence, these factors should be considered for the benefit of students in order to manage any future outbreaks in a better way.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sujatha R. Kannappan, Tirikhumla Chang, Jeevitha Alva
Abstract Background Modern advanced technologies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have created more noise sources of varying frequencies and intensities, increasing the risk of hearing loss in infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of earmuffs on neonatal behavior. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the 13-bed level III-A NICU of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest design was adopted in the study. Twenty-seven neonates were selected using nonprobability and purposive sampling techniques. The noise level was checked using a dosimeter (sound level meter SL-4030), the baseline variables were collected, and earmuffs were applied to the neonates for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening for 3 consecutive days. An observational checklist was used to assess neonatal behavior. Results The mean age in days was 2.19 ± 0.96, the mean weight in kilograms was 2.92 ± 0.43, and the mean gestational week was 37.56 ± 1.50. The mean sound level in the NICU was 56.7 + 14, which was higher than the NICU's recommended noise level. The most noise-generating events and equipment found in NICU were human-made noise and ventilator bubbling sounds. There was a significant difference in the mean behavioral score among neonates using earmuffs, as the “ p -value was < 0.05.” However, there was no association between pretest neonatal behavior with baseline data ( p > 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed that wearing earmuffs had a beneficial impact on enhancing newborn behavior.
{"title":"Will Earmuffs Improve Neonate Behavior in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?","authors":"Sujatha R. Kannappan, Tirikhumla Chang, Jeevitha Alva","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Modern advanced technologies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have created more noise sources of varying frequencies and intensities, increasing the risk of hearing loss in infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of earmuffs on neonatal behavior. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the 13-bed level III-A NICU of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest design was adopted in the study. Twenty-seven neonates were selected using nonprobability and purposive sampling techniques. The noise level was checked using a dosimeter (sound level meter SL-4030), the baseline variables were collected, and earmuffs were applied to the neonates for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening for 3 consecutive days. An observational checklist was used to assess neonatal behavior. Results The mean age in days was 2.19 ± 0.96, the mean weight in kilograms was 2.92 ± 0.43, and the mean gestational week was 37.56 ± 1.50. The mean sound level in the NICU was 56.7 + 14, which was higher than the NICU's recommended noise level. The most noise-generating events and equipment found in NICU were human-made noise and ventilator bubbling sounds. There was a significant difference in the mean behavioral score among neonates using earmuffs, as the “ p -value was < 0.05.” However, there was no association between pretest neonatal behavior with baseline data ( p > 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed that wearing earmuffs had a beneficial impact on enhancing newborn behavior.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43641351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Adolescent mental well-being is a concern for health care specialists as the prevalence of mental health issues appears to peak in this age group. Aim Our aim was to determine the level of mental well-being among adolescents. Methods The study was conducted using the descriptive survey approach among 720 adolescents of 16 to 17 years. Baseline proforma and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale were the tools used to collect the data. Results Almost three-fourth of adolescents had good mental well-being, whereas 2.08% experienced poor mental well-being. The chi-square test showed a significant association between mental well-being and selected demographic variables such as stream under study ( p = 0.001), type of family ( p = 0.006), area of residence ( p = 0.001), educational status of the father ( p = 0.011), and occupational status of the father ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Appropriate interventions by health care professionals are needed to focus on submerged risky behaviors and obstacles to promote mental well-being among adolescents.
{"title":"Mental Well-being Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Lavina Rodrigues, A. Safeekh, Jacintha Veigas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771384","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Adolescent mental well-being is a concern for health care specialists as the prevalence of mental health issues appears to peak in this age group. Aim Our aim was to determine the level of mental well-being among adolescents. Methods The study was conducted using the descriptive survey approach among 720 adolescents of 16 to 17 years. Baseline proforma and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale were the tools used to collect the data. Results Almost three-fourth of adolescents had good mental well-being, whereas 2.08% experienced poor mental well-being. The chi-square test showed a significant association between mental well-being and selected demographic variables such as stream under study ( p = 0.001), type of family ( p = 0.006), area of residence ( p = 0.001), educational status of the father ( p = 0.011), and occupational status of the father ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Appropriate interventions by health care professionals are needed to focus on submerged risky behaviors and obstacles to promote mental well-being among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57981458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction : Today's students of healthcare professional courses are the pillars of future healthcare delivery system. Research studies have found that they are affected with psychological disorders. Objectives The objectives of the study were to assess the levels of well-being, resilience, and its relationship. Materials and Methods A descriptive correlational research design was adopted to assess the well-being and resilience among undergraduate students. A total of 135 participants studying in all levels of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS), Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS), Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT), Bachelor of Science in Nursing (B.Sc Nursing), and Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The tools used for data collection were demographic Proforma, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, and positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA) scale. The reliability of the tool was tested by using Cronbach's alpha formula that was found to have a score of 0.925 for Connor Davidson Resilience Scale and a score of 0.916 for PERMA Scale. Pilot study was conducted to find out the feasibility of the study. Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20.0. Results The mean well-being and resilience of the study participants were 160.34 and 73.67, respectively. Majority (49.6%) had normal level of well-being and greater resilience (77%). The correlation was 0.237 and it was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion There was an association between level of well-being and selected demographic variables such as age, education, level of study, religion, and residence, whereas level of resilience had significant association with education, religion, and socioeconomic status. Students' resilience can be promoted by implementing educational strategies and creating a supportive environment.
{"title":"Well-Being and Resilience among Undergraduate Students at a Selected University","authors":"V. Vineesha, Renita Flavia Monteiro, Viji Prasad","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction : Today's students of healthcare professional courses are the pillars of future healthcare delivery system. Research studies have found that they are affected with psychological disorders. Objectives The objectives of the study were to assess the levels of well-being, resilience, and its relationship. Materials and Methods A descriptive correlational research design was adopted to assess the well-being and resilience among undergraduate students. A total of 135 participants studying in all levels of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS), Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS), Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT), Bachelor of Science in Nursing (B.Sc Nursing), and Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The tools used for data collection were demographic Proforma, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, and positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA) scale. The reliability of the tool was tested by using Cronbach's alpha formula that was found to have a score of 0.925 for Connor Davidson Resilience Scale and a score of 0.916 for PERMA Scale. Pilot study was conducted to find out the feasibility of the study. Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20.0. Results The mean well-being and resilience of the study participants were 160.34 and 73.67, respectively. Majority (49.6%) had normal level of well-being and greater resilience (77%). The correlation was 0.237 and it was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion There was an association between level of well-being and selected demographic variables such as age, education, level of study, religion, and residence, whereas level of resilience had significant association with education, religion, and socioeconomic status. Students' resilience can be promoted by implementing educational strategies and creating a supportive environment.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49323179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Mohandas, Subhashree Mohapatra, Rutuja Narkhede, S. Kheur
Abstract Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is the most dangerous long-term side effect of head and neck radiation therapy that can significantly affect the quality of life of the patients. In ORN of the jaw, the bone within the radiation field becomes devitalized and gets exposed via the overlying skin or mucosa, which remains unhealed. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used as an adjunctive therapy along with surgical debridement for the management of ORN of the jaws. HBOT promotes angiogenesis, neovascularization, fibroblast and osteoblast proliferation, and collagen production. However, the benefit of HBOT in improving the healing of tissues in patients with ORN remains controversial because of low evidence. The present systematic review aimed to compare the available data on the efficacy of HBOT on the healing of ORN of the jaw. Databases like PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Science Direct, Lilac, and Web of Science were searched without any date filter to obtain the relevant articles. A total of six articles met the eligibility criteria and were further processed for data extraction. Two retrospective studies observed that HBOT combined with surgical debridement promoted wound healing in patients with early stages of ORN of the jaws. Similarly, a prospective study reported that prophylactic HBOT reduced the risk of the development of ORN of the jaws following surgery to irradiated jaws. In contrast, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that HBOT did not improve the healing outcome of patients with advanced lesions of ORN of the jaws. Based on the scope of this review, we concluded that the routine use of HBOT for the prevention or management of ORN of the jaws is not recommended. Adjunctive HBOT may be considered in patients who have failed conservative therapy and subsequent surgical resection and are regarded to be at high risk.
颌骨放射性骨坏死(osteradionecrosis, ORN)是头颈部放射治疗中最危险的长期副作用，严重影响患者的生活质量。在下颚的ORN中，辐射场内的骨骼变得失活，并通过覆盖的皮肤或粘膜暴露出来，这些皮肤或粘膜仍未愈合。高压氧治疗(HBOT)作为辅助治疗与手术清创一起用于治疗颌骨的ORN。HBOT促进血管生成、新血管形成、成纤维细胞和成骨细胞增殖以及胶原蛋白的产生。然而，由于证据不足，HBOT在改善ORN患者组织愈合方面的益处仍然存在争议。本系统综述旨在比较HBOT对颌骨ORN愈合效果的现有数据。检索PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane、Science Direct、Lilac和Web of Science等数据库，不使用任何日期过滤来获取相关文章。共有6篇文章符合入选标准，并对其进行进一步处理以提取数据。两项回顾性研究发现，HBOT联合手术清创促进了早期颌骨ORN患者的伤口愈合。同样，一项前瞻性研究报道，预防性HBOT降低了放射颌骨手术后颌骨发生ORN的风险。相比之下，三个随机对照试验(rct)报道HBOT并没有改善颌骨ORN晚期病变患者的愈合结果。基于本综述的范围，我们得出结论，不推荐常规使用HBOT来预防或治疗颌骨的ORN。对于保守治疗和手术切除失败的高危患者，可以考虑辅助HBOT。
{"title":"Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Management of Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review","authors":"R. Mohandas, Subhashree Mohapatra, Rutuja Narkhede, S. Kheur","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770981","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is the most dangerous long-term side effect of head and neck radiation therapy that can significantly affect the quality of life of the patients. In ORN of the jaw, the bone within the radiation field becomes devitalized and gets exposed via the overlying skin or mucosa, which remains unhealed. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used as an adjunctive therapy along with surgical debridement for the management of ORN of the jaws. HBOT promotes angiogenesis, neovascularization, fibroblast and osteoblast proliferation, and collagen production. However, the benefit of HBOT in improving the healing of tissues in patients with ORN remains controversial because of low evidence. The present systematic review aimed to compare the available data on the efficacy of HBOT on the healing of ORN of the jaw. Databases like PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Science Direct, Lilac, and Web of Science were searched without any date filter to obtain the relevant articles. A total of six articles met the eligibility criteria and were further processed for data extraction. Two retrospective studies observed that HBOT combined with surgical debridement promoted wound healing in patients with early stages of ORN of the jaws. Similarly, a prospective study reported that prophylactic HBOT reduced the risk of the development of ORN of the jaws following surgery to irradiated jaws. In contrast, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that HBOT did not improve the healing outcome of patients with advanced lesions of ORN of the jaws. Based on the scope of this review, we concluded that the routine use of HBOT for the prevention or management of ORN of the jaws is not recommended. Adjunctive HBOT may be considered in patients who have failed conservative therapy and subsequent surgical resection and are regarded to be at high risk.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57981446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Aggarwal, S. M. Sindhoor, N. Naveen, B. Gowthami, P. Biju
Abstract The concept of drug “reprofiling” has garnered attention in the recent past post the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 when traditional drug discovery seemed to fail. Even though repurposing is called pharma-friendly in terms of monetary relief, clinical trials play an integral role in repurposed nontarget /combination moieties. Nevertheless, when a drug exhibits no returns to the market, an exhaustive study on mechanism of action (MOA) can help for reprofiling of drugs for new indications. However, several papers have claimed that scarcity of resources and data access, and staffing issues, tends to pull down reprofiling of drugs. In contrast to this notion, a total of 155 patented articles to date give a strong base for drug repurposing. In the present review, a scientific prospection of reprofiled antifungal and antiviral agents for the past decade was made using the PubMed database wherein a total of 410 and 768 publications have resulted respectively. The authors have attempted to focus their attention to repurposing antifungal drugs for chronic ailments and infectious diseases by understanding their MOA. For example, antifungal azoles, which work by blocking ergosterol synthesis, can be repurposed as they inhibit histone deacetylase as well significantly decrease the production of cytokines and modulate the inflammatory pathways used by cancer cells. Hence, we believe that the mentioned Food and Drug Administration-approved drug candidates can be utilized to treat nontarget diseases, notably rare/neglected diseases as well as chronic illnesses and the more recent viral infections that are spreading globally.
{"title":"Drug Reprofiling: A Prospective Approach to Battle Chronic Ailments","authors":"N. Aggarwal, S. M. Sindhoor, N. Naveen, B. Gowthami, P. Biju","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concept of drug “reprofiling” has garnered attention in the recent past post the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 when traditional drug discovery seemed to fail. Even though repurposing is called pharma-friendly in terms of monetary relief, clinical trials play an integral role in repurposed nontarget /combination moieties. Nevertheless, when a drug exhibits no returns to the market, an exhaustive study on mechanism of action (MOA) can help for reprofiling of drugs for new indications. However, several papers have claimed that scarcity of resources and data access, and staffing issues, tends to pull down reprofiling of drugs. In contrast to this notion, a total of 155 patented articles to date give a strong base for drug repurposing. In the present review, a scientific prospection of reprofiled antifungal and antiviral agents for the past decade was made using the PubMed database wherein a total of 410 and 768 publications have resulted respectively. The authors have attempted to focus their attention to repurposing antifungal drugs for chronic ailments and infectious diseases by understanding their MOA. For example, antifungal azoles, which work by blocking ergosterol synthesis, can be repurposed as they inhibit histone deacetylase as well significantly decrease the production of cytokines and modulate the inflammatory pathways used by cancer cells. Hence, we believe that the mentioned Food and Drug Administration-approved drug candidates can be utilized to treat nontarget diseases, notably rare/neglected diseases as well as chronic illnesses and the more recent viral infections that are spreading globally.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43565816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Owing to progress in information and communication technology, use of computers has been increased in developed nations. Neck discomfort is known to have psychological effect that makes daily life challenging and contributes toward persistence. To create an effective, reliable rehabilitation plan and improve the existing protocols available for the patients, the proposed study attempted to address the subject of the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and chronic neck pain. Objective The aim of this study was to find the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and severe neck pain among computer programmers. Method After getting the consent, 388 subjects based on selection criteria were recruited from various information technology industries in Bangalore. Then, the subjects underwent a check for neck pain using Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaires that were divided into case and control groups, respectively. Subjects were thereafter assessed for kinesiophobia and anxiety using Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Penn State Worry Questionnaire, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the collected data using SPSS software. Results Out of 388 participants, the neck pain prevalence was found to be 68.80%. The result shows that the mean and standard deviation for kinesiophobia and anxiety score was 43.47 ± 16.132 and 47.15 ± 22.799 for case group, respectively, whereas for control group, it was 22.40 ± 6.470 and 21.92 ± 9.656, respectively. Significant association between kinesiophobia anxiety and long-term neck pain in computer programmers that shows p-value less than 0.05 was detected with chi-squared test. Conclusion There was positive association seen in kinesiophobia and anxiety among computer programmers with persistent neck pain.
{"title":"Association between Kinesiophobia, Anxiety, and Chronic Neck Pain among Computer Programmers in Bangalore","authors":"Kamakshi Ghaie, Milan Anand","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Owing to progress in information and communication technology, use of computers has been increased in developed nations. Neck discomfort is known to have psychological effect that makes daily life challenging and contributes toward persistence. To create an effective, reliable rehabilitation plan and improve the existing protocols available for the patients, the proposed study attempted to address the subject of the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and chronic neck pain. Objective The aim of this study was to find the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and severe neck pain among computer programmers. Method After getting the consent, 388 subjects based on selection criteria were recruited from various information technology industries in Bangalore. Then, the subjects underwent a check for neck pain using Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaires that were divided into case and control groups, respectively. Subjects were thereafter assessed for kinesiophobia and anxiety using Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Penn State Worry Questionnaire, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the collected data using SPSS software. Results Out of 388 participants, the neck pain prevalence was found to be 68.80%. The result shows that the mean and standard deviation for kinesiophobia and anxiety score was 43.47 ± 16.132 and 47.15 ± 22.799 for case group, respectively, whereas for control group, it was 22.40 ± 6.470 and 21.92 ± 9.656, respectively. Significant association between kinesiophobia anxiety and long-term neck pain in computer programmers that shows p-value less than 0.05 was detected with chi-squared test. Conclusion There was positive association seen in kinesiophobia and anxiety among computer programmers with persistent neck pain.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42199246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：