Depuis la Joie de la Cour d’Erec et Enide, le motif des tetes de chevaliers coupees et exposees sur des pieux apparait regulierement dans les romans en vers du xiiie s. Des tetes d’hommes, toujours, tranchees par un autre chevalier le plus souvent a la demande d’une dame ou demoiselle pour châtier une offense, faute ou faillite sexuelle, ou encore prouver a une amante sa valeur virile et martiale. Mais a ce detournement de la dyade courtoise amour/prouesse s’ajoutent des decapitations sans motif apparent, des collections de tetes initiees par des hommes, ou encore des demoiselles qui decapitent elles-memes leur proie. Quel sens prend alors ce motif dans la litterature arthurienne en vers ? Peut-on encore y voir une reminiscence des codes courtois, ou faut-il chercher une autre definition ?
{"title":"La chasse aux têtes dans quelques romans arthuriens en vers du xiiie siècle : vers une amplification de la violence ?","authors":"Carine Giovénal","doi":"10.4000/BABEL.11388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/BABEL.11388","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis la Joie de la Cour d’Erec et Enide, le motif des tetes de chevaliers coupees et exposees sur des pieux apparait regulierement dans les romans en vers du xiiie s. Des tetes d’hommes, toujours, tranchees par un autre chevalier le plus souvent a la demande d’une dame ou demoiselle pour châtier une offense, faute ou faillite sexuelle, ou encore prouver a une amante sa valeur virile et martiale. Mais a ce detournement de la dyade courtoise amour/prouesse s’ajoutent des decapitations sans motif apparent, des collections de tetes initiees par des hommes, ou encore des demoiselles qui decapitent elles-memes leur proie. Quel sens prend alors ce motif dans la litterature arthurienne en vers ? Peut-on encore y voir une reminiscence des codes courtois, ou faut-il chercher une autre definition ?","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"93 1","pages":"99-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79590559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La decapitation, topos symbolique repandu au Moyen Âge, soumet au regard collectif de la communaute la tete de l’ennemi vaincu, dans la litterature et l’iconographie relatives aux croisades. Dans trois manuscrits enlumines du xve s. et dans la romance anglaise Richard Coer de Lyon, les decapitations en Terre sainte s’illustrent en particulier dans celle de Renaud de Châtillon par Saladin, a la fois heros et martyr. Mais c’est le cannibalisme de Richard Cœur de Lion, barbare en Orient, qui renverse la diabolisation traditionnelle du Sarrasin, pour diffuser une propagande anti-Franc, de type nationaliste, ayant pour cible les Francais.
{"title":"L’Orient revisité : décapitations et rhétorique de la violence dans les enluminures et dans Richard Coer de Lyon au xve siècle","authors":"Sandra Gorgievski","doi":"10.4000/BABEL.11646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/BABEL.11646","url":null,"abstract":"La decapitation, topos symbolique repandu au Moyen Âge, soumet au regard collectif de la communaute la tete de l’ennemi vaincu, dans la litterature et l’iconographie relatives aux croisades. Dans trois manuscrits enlumines du xve s. et dans la romance anglaise Richard Coer de Lyon, les decapitations en Terre sainte s’illustrent en particulier dans celle de Renaud de Châtillon par Saladin, a la fois heros et martyr. Mais c’est le cannibalisme de Richard Cœur de Lion, barbare en Orient, qui renverse la diabolisation traditionnelle du Sarrasin, pour diffuser une propagande anti-Franc, de type nationaliste, ayant pour cible les Francais.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"101 1","pages":"226-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85241775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ce beau numero, compose sous la direction de Samuel Lair, decline l’actualite mirbellienne en cinq sections densement fournies. Deux forts dossiers thematiques en assurent l’armature : « Mirbeau et le cinema » et « Un style en question », que completent les rubriques « En marge », « Documents » et « Actualites », lesquelles attestent de la presence de l’ecrivain dans le repertoire theâtral, les catalogues bibliographiques ou sur le marche de l’art. Si la question des adaptations cinematograph...
{"title":"Cahiers Octave Mirbeau, n° 27, Paris, Classiques Garnier, 2020, 405 p., 39 €","authors":"L. Lévêque","doi":"10.4000/BABEL.11755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/BABEL.11755","url":null,"abstract":"Ce beau numero, compose sous la direction de Samuel Lair, decline l’actualite mirbellienne en cinq sections densement fournies. Deux forts dossiers thematiques en assurent l’armature : « Mirbeau et le cinema » et « Un style en question », que completent les rubriques « En marge », « Documents » et « Actualites », lesquelles attestent de la presence de l’ecrivain dans le repertoire theâtral, les catalogues bibliographiques ou sur le marche de l’art. Si la question des adaptations cinematograph...","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"530 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80167807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cet article presente le theme des tetes coupees des saints sous trois aspects. Les miracles de tetes coupees des martyrs attestent la force vivante qui y reside : la tete peut etre reunie au corps sans traces ; elle rend une source guerisseuse ; elle continue a parler ; et, enfin, certains saints portent leur tete vers leur lieu d’inhumation. Les peripeties de la tete coupee de Jean Baptiste sont l’objet de plusieurs recits d’invention et de translation en Orient et en Occident. Quant a l’enchâssement des reliques de tetes dans des reliquaires, la diversite des solutions est remarquable, allant des chefs- et bustes-reliquaires « parlants » aux crânes habilles de tissus.
{"title":"Têtes coupées des saints au Moyen Âge. Martyrs, miracles, reliques","authors":"Édina Bozoky","doi":"10.4000/BABEL.11516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/BABEL.11516","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article presente le theme des tetes coupees des saints sous trois aspects. Les miracles de tetes coupees des martyrs attestent la force vivante qui y reside : la tete peut etre reunie au corps sans traces ; elle rend une source guerisseuse ; elle continue a parler ; et, enfin, certains saints portent leur tete vers leur lieu d’inhumation. Les peripeties de la tete coupee de Jean Baptiste sont l’objet de plusieurs recits d’invention et de translation en Orient et en Occident. Quant a l’enchâssement des reliques de tetes dans des reliquaires, la diversite des solutions est remarquable, allant des chefs- et bustes-reliquaires « parlants » aux crânes habilles de tissus.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89950275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rachel Weissbrod and Ayelet Kohn. Translating the Visual: A Multimodal Perspective","authors":"Xuemei Chen","doi":"10.1075/babel.00196.che","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00196.che","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88409637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Qi (2018): Jin Ping Mei English Translations: Texts, Paratexts and Contexts","authors":"Tian Luo","doi":"10.1075/babel.00195.luo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00195.luo","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73392505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study strives to answer one major question: Does culture translate?, employing the translation of English proverbs into Arabic by senior students majoring in English. The study involves 30 English proverbs collected from different sources, based on three criteria, namely complete Arabic equivalence, partial Arabic equivalence and zero Arabic equivalence. These 30 proverbs were distributed to 20 randomly selected senior students as participants. The participants translated the 30 proverbs in the form of a translation test in two phases. The results of the study show that teaching the cultural aspects of the proverbs has developed and improved the participants’ translations considerably, thus providing empirical evidence that culture translates.
{"title":"Does culture translate?","authors":"Mohammed Shormani","doi":"10.1075/babel.00201.sho","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00201.sho","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study strives to answer one major question: Does culture translate?, employing the translation of English proverbs into Arabic by senior students majoring in English. The study involves 30 English proverbs collected from different sources, based on three criteria, namely complete Arabic equivalence, partial Arabic equivalence and zero Arabic equivalence. These 30 proverbs were distributed to 20 randomly selected senior students as participants. The participants translated the 30 proverbs in the form of a translation test in two phases. The results of the study show that teaching the cultural aspects of the proverbs has developed and improved the participants’ translations considerably, thus providing empirical evidence that culture translates.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72716573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In 1989 and 1990, Kitty van Leuven-Zwart published two articles on the similarities and dissimilarities between a translation and its original. My research is based on a classification model which derives primarily from Van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative method, although I also work with concepts from other authors. The major difference to Van Leuven-Zwart’s research is that the main aim of the model I propose is not to indicate the differences between a translation and the original, but to detect whether previous translations have had any influence upon the studied translation. The goal of this article is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the shift approach to find out the relationship between different translations. I explain and illustrate the classification model by comparing the Catalan translation of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth by Josep M. de Sagarra ( 1959 ) with previous French, Spanish and Catalan translations in order to ascertain whether these texts had any influence upon Sagarra’s translation.
1989年和1990年，Kitty van Leuven-Zwart分别发表了两篇关于翻译与原文异同的文章。我的研究基于一个分类模型，该模型主要来源于Van Leuven-Zwart的比较方法，尽管我也使用其他作者的概念。Van Leuven-Zwart的研究的主要区别在于，我提出的模型的主要目的不是表明翻译与原文之间的差异，而是检测以前的翻译是否对所研究的翻译有任何影响。本文的目的是证明转换方法在找出不同翻译之间的关系方面的有效性。我通过比较Josep M. de Sagarra(1959)对威廉·莎士比亚的《麦克白》的加泰罗尼亚语翻译与之前的法语、西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语翻译来解释和说明分类模型，以确定这些文本是否对Sagarra的翻译有任何影响。
{"title":"Translations and original","authors":"Vanessa Palomo Berjaga","doi":"10.1075/babel.00200.ber","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00200.ber","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1989 and 1990, Kitty van Leuven-Zwart published two articles on the similarities and dissimilarities between a translation and its original. My research is based on a classification model which derives primarily from Van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative method, although I also work with concepts from other authors. The major difference to Van Leuven-Zwart’s research is that the main aim of the model I propose is not to indicate the differences between a translation and the original, but to detect whether previous translations have had any influence upon the studied translation. The goal of this article is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the shift approach to find out the relationship between different translations. I explain and illustrate the classification model by comparing the Catalan translation of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth by Josep M. de Sagarra ( 1959 ) with previous French, Spanish and Catalan translations in order to ascertain whether these texts had any influence upon Sagarra’s translation.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74237859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le Sūtra du diamant traduit en chinois par Kumārajīva est un des textes les plus répandus du bouddhisme mahāyāna, signifiant « Grand Véhicule ». Depuis le XIXe siècle, il fait l’objet d'études interlinguistiques qui comparent les traductions du mahāyāna avec les versions sanskrites. Les traductions sont alors considérées comme étant moins fidèles surtout au niveau du texte même. Cependant, l’idée de correction littérale est inconciliable avec l’ « original ». Dans cet article, nous abordons d’abord le problème des « textes sources » dans la littérature bouddhique, mais aussi celui de la méthode prédominante dans l’étude bouddhique contemporaine. Enfin, du point de vue de la traductologie, nous essayons de recadrer la perspective des études comparatives des textes bouddhiques afin d'envisager un dialogue interdisciplinaire.
{"title":"La belle infidèle orientale","authors":"H. Wang","doi":"10.1075/babel.00197.wan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00197.wan","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Le Sūtra du diamant traduit en chinois par Kumārajīva est un des textes les plus répandus du bouddhisme\u0000 mahāyāna, signifiant « Grand Véhicule ». Depuis le XIXe siècle, il fait l’objet d'études interlinguistiques qui comparent les traductions du\u0000 mahāyāna avec les versions sanskrites. Les traductions sont alors considérées comme étant moins fidèles surtout au niveau du texte même.\u0000 Cependant, l’idée de correction littérale est inconciliable avec l’ « original ». Dans cet article, nous abordons d’abord le problème des\u0000 « textes sources » dans la littérature bouddhique, mais aussi celui de la méthode prédominante dans l’étude bouddhique contemporaine. Enfin,\u0000 du point de vue de la traductologie, nous essayons de recadrer la perspective des études comparatives des textes bouddhiques afin\u0000 d'envisager un dialogue interdisciplinaire.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83980571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The exploration of processing patterns is a major topic within the behavioural-cognitive approach to translation and interpreting studies, but existing studies have mainly focused on processing patterns in written translation while largely overlooking other important modes of interlingual transfer, for example sight translation. To fill this gap, the present study investigated processing patterns in rehearsed sight translation from English into Chinese (L1) and vice versa (L2) using eye-tracking technology and examined how translation directions influenced processing patterns in sight translation. It was found that (1) translation students spent more time but invested less cognitive effort in reading the source text in the preparatory reading than the actual sight translation; (2) the coordination time between comprehension and production in sight translation was similar to that with simultaneous interpreting; (3) the processing patterns in each translation direction also showed distinctive differences in both preparatory reading and reading-speech coordination. This was the first study to investigate processing patterns in sight translation that involved two linguistically distinct languages, i.e., English and Chinese, in both L1 and L2 translation and it is hoped that the findings will generate further research along this line.
{"title":"Exploring processing patterns of Chinese-English sight translation","authors":"Wenchao Su, Defeng Li","doi":"10.1075/babel.00192.su","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00192.su","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The exploration of processing patterns is a major topic within the behavioural-cognitive approach to translation and interpreting studies, but existing studies have mainly focused on processing patterns in written translation while largely overlooking other important modes of interlingual transfer, for example sight translation. To fill this gap, the present study investigated processing patterns in rehearsed sight translation from English into Chinese (L1) and vice versa (L2) using eye-tracking technology and examined how translation directions influenced processing patterns in sight translation. It was found that (1) translation students spent more time but invested less cognitive effort in reading the source text in the preparatory reading than the actual sight translation; (2) the coordination time between comprehension and production in sight translation was similar to that with simultaneous interpreting; (3) the processing patterns in each translation direction also showed distinctive differences in both preparatory reading and reading-speech coordination. This was the first study to investigate processing patterns in sight translation that involved two linguistically distinct languages, i.e., English and Chinese, in both L1 and L2 translation and it is hoped that the findings will generate further research along this line.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74483706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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