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Terms Used for Smallpox and Its Personification in Korean Shamanic Language 朝鲜萨满语天花术语及其拟人化
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.163
Antonetta L. Bruno
The history of the terms and expressions associated with smallpox offers evidence of semantic change and reflects both the internal and external worldviews of Korean people with regard to smallpox. In Korean shamanic language, smallpox is personified as gods known by various names with their own linguistic registers, personalities, and behaviors. The present paper first analyzes the semantic relationship between the terms used for smallpox and for smallpox gods, and argues that similarities in their meanings and in the characteristics of the disease were determining factors in the creation of the gods’ personalities. The second part of the paper discusses how possession is defined in relation to the personification of smallpox, the smallpox goddess, and the person afflicted.
与天花相关的术语和表达的历史提供了语义变化的证据,并反映了朝鲜人民对天花的内部和外部世界观。在朝鲜萨满语中,天花被拟人化为神,有各种各样的名字,有自己的语言范围、个性和行为。本文首先分析了天花术语和天花神之间的语义关系,并认为它们的含义和疾病特征的相似性是创造天花神个性的决定性因素。论文的第二部分讨论了如何定义附身与天花、天花女神和患病者拟人化的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-Cultural Adjustment of Indonesian Expatriates in South Korea 印尼侨民在韩国的跨文化适应
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.31
Nur Aisyah Kotarumalos
This study examines the cross-cultural adjustment of Indonesian expatriates working in South Korea. Specifically, it focuses on Indonesian expatriates’ experiences and ways to adjust to the Korean workplace setting. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with nine Indonesian respondents, this study follows the adaptation model by Milton Bennet and moves beyond the antecedents of cross-cultural adjustment. It elaborates the expatriates’ practices in dealing with and negotiating cultural differences in the face of Korean working culture. The findings demonstrate that adjustment entails the acquisition of new norms and modes of behaviors as well as maintenance of old practices. Further, the sense of foreignness has been found constructive for cross-cultural adaptation.
本研究探讨在韩国工作的印尼外籍人士的跨文化适应。具体来说,它侧重于印度尼西亚侨民的经验和方法,以适应韩国的工作环境。通过对九名印度尼西亚受访者的深入访谈,本研究遵循了Milton Bennet的适应模型,并超越了跨文化适应的前提。阐述了在韩国工作文化背景下,外籍人士处理和协商文化差异的做法。调查结果表明,调整需要获得新的规范和行为模式以及维持旧的做法。此外,异域感有助于跨文化适应。
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引用次数: 0
Dance and Ideology in North Korea: Ch’oe Sŭnghŭi and Her Response to Criticism 朝鲜的舞蹈与意识形态:曹氏Sŭnghŭi与她对批评的回应
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.1
Keith Howard
Ch’oe Sŭnghŭi (J. Sai Shōki) was the most celebrated Korean dancer of the twentieth century. In the 1930s, she developed a set of dances for the new stages of urban Korea, Japan, and beyond that showcased elements taken from Korean tradition, particularly from “folk” dances (minsok muyong). In 1946, after Korea’s division at the end of the Pacific War, she moved to Pyongyang, where her dances became the foundations of North Korea’s “national” dances (minjok muyong). She rose to prominence, until in 1957, together with her husband An Mak, she was attacked for being bourgeois. She was stripped of her seat on the Supreme People’s Assembly. Ch’oe’s experience shines light on how national dances were established as ideological control was rolled out in North Korea. But there is a second side to her story: in 1957 and 1958, in her response to criticism, she adopted a blinkered approach. She resisted control and the mechanism—later known as “literary art theory” (munye iron)—of its delivery, and this sealed her fate. Although tempo-rarily reprieved, her name disappeared completely from North Korean programs and from newspaper and journal accounts about dance in the early 1960s, and within a few years she was dead.
曹氏Sŭnghŭi (J. Sai Shōki)是20世纪最著名的舞蹈家。在20世纪30年代,她为韩国、日本等城市的新舞台设计了一套舞蹈,展示了来自韩国传统的元素,尤其是民间舞蹈(minsok muyong)。1946年,在太平洋战争结束后朝鲜半岛分裂后,她搬到了平壤,在那里她的舞蹈成为朝鲜“民族”舞蹈的基础。她声名鹊起,直到1957年,她和她的丈夫麦安一起被指责为资产阶级。她被剥夺了最高人民会议的席位。choe的经历揭示了朝鲜在意识形态控制下是如何建立民族舞蹈的。但她的故事还有另一面:1957年和1958年,在回应批评时,她采取了一种狭隘的方式。她抵制控制和传递的机制——后来被称为“文学艺术理论”(munye iron)——这决定了她的命运。虽然她的名字暂时得到了缓刑,但在20世纪60年代初,她的名字从朝鲜的节目以及报纸和杂志上关于舞蹈的报道中完全消失了,几年后她就去世了。
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引用次数: 0
Interrogating Trot, Situating the Boom: New(tro) Nostalgia, Old Songs, and National Identity Performance 审问小跑,定位繁荣:新(旧)怀旧、老歌与民族认同表演
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.183
A. Logie
Across 2019–2020 a number of South Korean TV competition shows branded their musical identity as “trot.” This term denotes a perceived genre of popular music considered normative to South Korea’s developmentalist decades and thereafter as the music of older generations, yet the surprise success of the TV shows seemingly indicated a younger uptake heralding a “trot boom.” However, in muchof their choice of repertoire, the shows transgressed pre-existing expectations of the genre. The notion of a trot boom premised on a reified genre discourse is thus overly reductionist and fails to explain adequately the performed aesthetics and socio-musical phenomenon engendered by the shows.This article problematizes the received narrative(s) of “trot,” while highlighting three alternative trans-genre elements and aesthetic trends that operate in close proximity to trot discourse: “old song” collections, kug’ak (traditional music) fusion, and a discourse of Korean vocal affect. It analyzes the repertoire and performances of three of the most noted trot-branded television series, and juxtaposes them with two further case studies: YouTube channel Chu Hyŏnmi TV and a sample of “old song” collections dating 1969–1989. It argues that all three cases variously intersect and diverge from reified trot, while simultaneouslyexhibiting their own interrelations collectively bound by performed retro and newtro aesthetics, and national identity discourse.
2019-2020年期间,许多韩国电视竞赛节目将自己的音乐身份标榜为“trot”。这个词指的是一种公认的流行音乐类型,在韩国发展主义的几十年里被认为是标准的,之后被认为是老一辈的音乐,然而电视节目的惊人成功似乎表明了年轻人的接受,预示着“小跑热潮”。然而,在他们选择的曲目中,很多节目都超出了人们对这一类型的预期。因此,以具体化的流派话语为前提的小跑热潮的概念过于简化,未能充分解释表演美学和演出产生的社会音乐现象。本文对“trot”的既定叙事提出了质疑,同时强调了与trot话语密切相关的三种另类跨类型元素和审美趋势:“老歌”集、传统音乐融合和韩国声乐影响的话语。它分析了三个最著名的小跑品牌电视连续剧的曲目和表演,并将它们与两个进一步的案例研究并列:YouTube频道Chu Hyŏnmi TV和1969-1989年的“老歌”集样本。本文认为,这三个案例在不同程度上与具象的小跑有交叉和分歧,同时又展示了它们各自的相互关系,这些相互关系被表演的复古和新时代美学以及民族身份话语所束缚。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Synthesis of American and Korean Parricidal Mass Murders 《美国与韩国弑父大屠杀的比较综合》
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.59
Phillip C Shon
Contemporary studies of mass murder have examined attacks carried out by current or former students in educational settings or disgruntled employees at former places of work. Recently conceptualized as “active shooter events,” this type of public mass killing has eclipsed the most pervasive one throughout the twentieth century: mass killings within the family. The dearth of scholarly work on mass killings in the context of parricides in other national and cultural contexts is notable given the salience of family killings in the homicide literature. Using previously published findings on parricides in nineteenth-century America andtwentieth-century Korea, this paper provides a comparative synthesis of parricidal mass murders—mass killings that occur during the course of parricides. Notable points of convergence and divergence are discussed relative to culture and offense characteristics.
当代对大规模谋杀的研究调查了教育机构中当前或以前的学生或以前工作场所中心怀不满的雇员所进行的袭击。最近,这种公开的大规模杀戮被定义为“主动射击事件”,它使整个20世纪最普遍的大规模杀戮——家庭内部的大规模杀戮——黯然失色。在其他国家和文化背景下,关于弑父行为背景下的大规模杀戮的学术研究的缺乏值得注意的是,在杀人案文学中家庭杀戮的突出地位。利用先前发表的关于19世纪美国和20世纪韩国弑父行为的研究结果,本文提供了弑父大规模谋杀的比较综合——在弑父过程中发生的大规模杀戮。本文从文化和犯罪特征两个方面讨论了二者的共同点和不同点。
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引用次数: 0
The Anti-Chosun Movement: Journalism, Activism, Politics, and Historical Memory in Post-Authoritarian South Korea, 1998–2002 反朝鲜运动:新闻、行动主义、政治和后独裁韩国的历史记忆,1998-2002
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.111
Pat Vierthaler
This article reconstructs the origins and development of the so-called Anti-Chosun Movement, a (progressive) movement to curb the power and shed light on the history of (conservative) mass media, from its origins in the mid-1990s to its politicization in the 2002 presidential elections. The development of Anti-Chosun reveals the intertwinement of journalism, activism, and politics in post-authoritarian South Korea. Further, Anti Chosun constitutes the first movement originating in cyberspace, demonstrating the centrality of online journalism. Finally, Anti-Chosun must be evaluated as an omen of Korea’s “history wars,” its discourse taking place firmly within a framework of historical fact-finding and transitional justice.
从20世纪90年代中期开始的“反朝鲜运动”到2002年总统选举的“政治化”,这是一场旨在遏制权力和揭示(保守)大众媒体历史的(进步)运动。反朝鲜运动的发展揭示了后独裁时代韩国新闻业、激进主义和政治的相互交织。此外,反朝鲜运动是第一个起源于网络空间的运动,证明了网络新闻的中心地位。最后,《反朝鲜》必须被评价为韩国“历史战争”的前兆,它的话语是在历史真相调查和过渡正义的框架内进行的。
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引用次数: 0
A Case Study on South Korean Mobile Payment Applications: Samsung Pay vs Kakao Pay 韩国移动支付应用的案例分析:三星支付与Kakao支付
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20222102.83
Hasan Tinmaz, Viet Phuong Doan
This study describes users’ perceptions regarding Samsung Pay (n=25) and Kakao Pay (n=25), the two popular mobile payment applications in South Korea. The survey included fifteen questions; eleven questions were about general uses and perceptions about mobile payments and the final four questions specifically branched between the payment systems. Overall, South Korean users have a very high usage of mobile payments on a regular basis. Subsequently, mobile payment applications in South Korea have been well developed in terms of both services and securities. This leads to a high satisfaction level of South Korean users regarding Samsung Pay and Kakao Pay.
这项研究描述了用户对三星支付(n=25)和Kakao支付(n=25)这两种韩国流行的移动支付应用的看法。调查包括15个问题;11个问题是关于移动支付的一般用途和看法,最后4个问题是专门针对不同支付系统的。总体而言,韩国用户的移动支付使用率非常高。随后,韩国的移动支付应用在服务和证券方面都得到了很好的发展。因此,韩国用户对三星支付和Kakao支付的满意度很高。
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引用次数: 0
Stereotyping Halal Food and Eating Halal Food in a South Korean Context 对清真食品的刻板印象和在韩国背景下吃清真食品
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20212101.259
Nurbanu Yaşar
The paper seeks to consider the confusion around what “Halal Food” is and what “Eating Halal Food” means in South Korea; and how it causes stereotyping of halal food and Muslim foodways in a South Korean context. The findings of this paper are obtained from ethnographic fieldwork and semi-structured interviews with South Koreans and Muslim minorities living in South Korea. Findings from the ethnographic research show that halal food and foodways are stereotyped not only when it comes to misidentifying halal food concepts, but also halal food consumed by Muslims is linked to existing notions about Islam and Muslims in South Korean society.
本文试图考虑围绕“清真食品”是什么和“吃清真食品”在韩国意味着什么混乱;以及它如何导致韩国人对清真食品和穆斯林食品的刻板印象。本文的研究结果来自民族志田野调查和对居住在韩国的韩国人和穆斯林少数民族的半结构化访谈。民族志研究的结果表明,清真食品和饮食方式不仅在对清真食品概念的错误认识方面是刻板印象,而且穆斯林消费的清真食品与韩国社会对伊斯兰教和穆斯林的现有观念有关。
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引用次数: 1
Different Cinematic Interpretations of Ch’unhyangjŏn: The Same Korean Identity 不同的电影诠释成'unhyangjŏn:同一个韩国人的身份
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20212101.155
Gabor Sebo
The article examines the classic Korean folklore fable, 춘향전 (春香傳), Ch’unhyangjŏn (The Fragrance of Spring), The Tale of Ch’unhyang, through the lens of three different successful movie adaptations produced in North and South Korea. Respectively, Yu Wŏn-chun and Yun Ryong-gyu portrayed The Tale of Ch’unhyang (1980) in its modest “Juche realist” North Korean film style, whereas Im Kwŏn-t’aek depicted his work, Ch’unhyang (2000), in a contemporary liberally and daringly revised version, while the romantic portrayal produced in North Korea by the South Korean film director, Shin Sang-ok, in Love, Love, My Love (1984), is performed from a human-oriented and entertaining perspective filled with musical ingredients and brave images of love. The study aims to demonstrate how the story is diversely interpreted through the two divided film cultures by highlighting differences between collectivism and individualism, noting also that all three interpretations emerge from similar roots of cultural and national identity.
本文通过在朝鲜和韩国制作的三部不同的成功改编电影的镜头,研究了经典的韩国民间传说,《春之香》,《春之香'unhyangjŏn》,《春香的故事》。柳Wŏn-chun和尹龙奎分别以温和的“主体现实主义”朝鲜电影风格描绘了《春香的故事》(1980),林Kwŏn-t aek则以一种自由而大胆的当代风格描绘了他的作品《春香》(2000),而韩国电影导演申相玉在《爱,爱,我的爱》(1984)中对朝鲜的浪漫描绘,从以人为本和娱乐的角度进行,充满了音乐成分和勇敢的爱情形象。该研究旨在通过强调集体主义和个人主义之间的差异,展示如何通过两种不同的电影文化来不同地解释这个故事,并注意到所有三种解释都来自相似的文化和民族认同根源。
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引用次数: 0
Feminist Ethnography in South Korea: Documenting Conversion to Islam in “Multicultural” Korea and the Gendered Struggle for Belonging 韩国的女性主义民族志:记录“多元文化”韩国的伊斯兰皈依和性别归属斗争
IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.33526/ejks.20212101.233
Farrah Sheikh
This paper presents a feminist ethnographic account of the gendered struggle for belonging in “multicultural” Korea through an in-depth case study of a Korean Muslim woman convert and her family. Centering the informant and her family’s narratives, I explore the gendered implications linked to her conversion to Islam, her sense of belonging and how her inter-ethnic marriage challenges existing notions of labelled “multicultural families” in Korean society. This paper sheds light on the penalties associated with the case study’s religious conversion and marriage choice, demonstrating how she experiences exclusion from mainstream society and her own ethnic community. Far from being an isolated case, I will further convey how it is linked to several others in the literature, highlighting the urgent need for further field research.
本文通过对一名皈依伊斯兰教的韩国女性及其家庭的深入案例研究,以女性主义民族志的视角描述了在“多元文化”的韩国为争取归属感而进行的性别斗争。以举报人及其家庭的叙述为中心,我探讨了与她皈依伊斯兰教有关的性别含义、她的归属感以及她的跨种族婚姻如何挑战韩国社会中被贴上“多元文化家庭”标签的现有观念。本文揭示了与案例研究的宗教皈依和婚姻选择相关的惩罚,展示了她如何经历被主流社会和她自己的种族社区排斥。这绝不是一个孤立的案例,我将进一步阐述它是如何与文献中的其他几个案例联系在一起的,强调了进一步实地研究的迫切需要。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
European Journal of Korean Studies
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