Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.16
Meliha Brestovci, Durim Abdullahu, Faik Sahiti
This paper is a summary of the tradition of British travelers in Albania during the 19th century until the First World War. Referring to British history and British cultural traditions, these travelers are classified between two periods: from Georgian era to Edwardian era. British travelers began to visit Albania frequently, especially from the time of the rule of Ali Pasha Tepelena, through whose pasha’s territory traveled many British agents, missionaries, and adventurers, including the eminent poet Gordon Byron and his friend John C. Hobhouse, and Dr. Henry Holland. The first part of the paper deals with the main studies for travelogue literature, listing the authors and their studies according to the order and study approaches. As there are hundreds of books with travel notes from British travelers on Albania and Albanians, the second part of the article focuses only on some of the most famous British travelers, such as Edward Lear, Arthur Evans, Edith Durham, Henry N. Brailsford and Aubrey Herbert. The purpose of this paper is to make a chronological history of British travelers in Albania and historical literature on this literature genre of British travelers who traveled and describes Albania of late modernity.
{"title":"On British travelers in Albania from the Georgian era to Edwardian era: Studies and travelogue","authors":"Meliha Brestovci, Durim Abdullahu, Faik Sahiti","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a summary of the tradition of British travelers in Albania during the 19th century until the First World War. Referring to British history and British cultural traditions, these travelers are classified between two periods: from Georgian era to Edwardian era. British travelers began to visit Albania frequently, especially from the time of the rule of Ali Pasha Tepelena, through whose pasha’s territory traveled many British agents, missionaries, and adventurers, including the eminent poet Gordon Byron and his friend John C. Hobhouse, and Dr. Henry Holland. The first part of the paper deals with the main studies for travelogue literature, listing the authors and their studies according to the order and study approaches. As there are hundreds of books with travel notes from British travelers on Albania and Albanians, the second part of the article focuses only on some of the most famous British travelers, such as Edward Lear, Arthur Evans, Edith Durham, Henry N. Brailsford and Aubrey Herbert. The purpose of this paper is to make a chronological history of British travelers in Albania and historical literature on this literature genre of British travelers who traveled and describes Albania of late modernity.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90076656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.20
Galina Goncharova
The paper will examine the intra- and intergenerational dynamics of reading practices in сcontemporary Bulgaria. It is based on anthropological observations and analyses made by students in the cultural studies, who have asked to observe and discuss in exam papers the reading habits of parents and peers. Their own attitudes towards reading intersect, challenge or correspond with those of the respondents, outlining a highly fragmented field of “the love of books”, which gives visibility to a strong normative model, under which heterogeneous objects of analyitcal interest flourish – hidden desires, unusual uses of books, escapist routes, internalized ideologies, etc., All of these are seen as both sustained by and in themselves sustaining the special cultural and generational dynamics of post-socialism.
{"title":"The Secret Life of Books and Generations: Generational Dynamics of Reading in Bulgaria under Post-Socialism","authors":"Galina Goncharova","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.20","url":null,"abstract":"The paper will examine the intra- and intergenerational dynamics of reading practices in сcontemporary Bulgaria. It is based on anthropological observations and analyses made by students in the cultural studies, who have asked to observe and discuss in exam papers the reading habits of parents and peers. Their own attitudes towards reading intersect, challenge or correspond with those of the respondents, outlining a highly fragmented field of “the love of books”, which gives visibility to a strong normative model, under which heterogeneous objects of analyitcal interest flourish – hidden desires, unusual uses of books, escapist routes, internalized ideologies, etc., All of these are seen as both sustained by and in themselves sustaining the special cultural and generational dynamics of post-socialism.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82152168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The text is based on the author's long-standing research in gypsy slums, where those convicted of "preaching religious hatred" and "propaganda for war" targeted Bulgarian "Islamists" live. The harsh sentences handed down by the court of first instance and challenged by the Supreme Court gave rise to numerous doubts. The article anal-yses the reasons for issuing such sentences – too inconclusive and giving the impression of bias. At the time of the creation of this text, the case was returned to its very beginning. It remains to be seen whether it will be reinstated (with another panel) or permanently terminated. The question – how will the prisoners be considered for the years of imprisonment, for the material and moral damage inflicted on them – remains hanging for now.
{"title":"Penalties and Doubts. Instead of the Afterword","authors":"Evgenia V. Ivanova","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The text is based on the author's long-standing research in gypsy slums, where those convicted of \"preaching religious hatred\" and \"propaganda for war\" targeted Bulgarian \"Islamists\" live. The harsh sentences handed down by the court of first instance and challenged by the Supreme Court gave rise to numerous doubts. The article anal-yses the reasons for issuing such sentences – too inconclusive and giving the impression of bias. At the time of the creation of this text, the case was returned to its very beginning. It remains to be seen whether it will be reinstated (with another panel) or permanently terminated. The question – how will the prisoners be considered for the years of imprisonment, for the material and moral damage inflicted on them – remains hanging for now.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77180878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article provides an analysis of a turning point from the most recent history of Bulgarian state institutions: the organized transfer of the archive of the Committee for State Security from the storage facilities of the Ministry of Interior to the new storage facility of the independent dossier Committee. This happened over the course of the 2010-2011 period. A special organization was established for this purpose, which includes senior and executive level officials. The complete organization and control efforts were assigned by the Ministry of Interior to the deputy minister Veselin Vuchkov, who is the author of this text. The text presents the primary reasons for this complex institutional effort, its social meaning, the practical difficulties involved therein, and the consequences over the short and long term. In parallel to this process, the historical police archive (for the period 1923 – 1944), which was created outside of the scope of the Committee for State Security, was also handed over in an organized manner; it was directed to the Archives State Agency with the Council of Ministers. The handover of these two archives from the Ministry of Interior to the respective departments ensures their use for research purposes, their reasonable preservation, and gradual digitalization.
{"title":"An Institutional Effort: Memories from the Recent Past or ‘How the Bulgarian Committee for State Security Archive was Preserved’","authors":"Veselin Vuchkov","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an analysis of a turning point from the most recent history of Bulgarian state institutions: the organized transfer of the archive of the Committee for State Security from the storage facilities of the Ministry of Interior to the new storage facility of the independent dossier Committee. This happened over the course of the 2010-2011 period. A special organization was established for this purpose, which includes senior and executive level officials. The complete organization and control efforts were assigned by the Ministry of Interior to the deputy minister Veselin Vuchkov, who is the author of this text. The text presents the primary reasons for this complex institutional effort, its social meaning, the practical difficulties involved therein, and the consequences over the short and long term. In parallel to this process, the historical police archive (for the period 1923 – 1944), which was created outside of the scope of the Committee for State Security, was also handed over in an organized manner; it was directed to the Archives State Agency with the Council of Ministers. The handover of these two archives from the Ministry of Interior to the respective departments ensures their use for research purposes, their reasonable preservation, and gradual digitalization.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76788792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents some personal experiences and memories related to the deportation of Banat Bulgarian Catholics (1951-1956) in the open labor camp Baragan, Romania. These processes are related to the plans of the communist regime in Romania to deport, following the Soviet model of deportation, people living within a radius of 25 km along the border with Yugoslavia. This area is inhabited by different ethnic groups – Germans, Serbs, Bulgarians, Jews, Vlachs from Macedonia, Romanians, etc., considered "high risk factors". The publication is based on the memories of Rafael Mirchov, deported with his family when he was only 10 years old from the Banat Bulgarian village Star Beshenov to Baragan.
{"title":"\"Romanian Siberia\" in the Traumatic Memories of Bulgarian Catholics from Banat","authors":"Marinela Mladenova","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents some personal experiences and memories related to the deportation of Banat Bulgarian Catholics (1951-1956) in the open labor camp Baragan, Romania. These processes are related to the plans of the communist regime in Romania to deport, following the Soviet model of deportation, people living within a radius of 25 km along the border with Yugoslavia. This area is inhabited by different ethnic groups – Germans, Serbs, Bulgarians, Jews, Vlachs from Macedonia, Romanians, etc., considered \"high risk factors\". The publication is based on the memories of Rafael Mirchov, deported with his family when he was only 10 years old from the Banat Bulgarian village Star Beshenov to Baragan.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"191 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79771266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.23
Joanna Spassova-Dikova
The monographic, interdisciplinary study of Andronika Martonova ‘Between Migration and Sedentariness: the Exotic Otherness and the New Bulgarian Cinema (To-wards the Culturological Areas of Identity, Difference and the ‘Us’ / ‘Them’) Dis-course’, Institute of Art Studies – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2021, ISBN: 978-619-7619-08-9, 230 pp., comes as a result of a project supported by the National Science Fund, Bulgaria. It focuses on the image of the foreigner in the new Bulgarian cinema during the second decade of the 21st century. Problems of The Inconnu / The Other / The Newcomer are discussed in the context of the challenges of the cultural pluralism for the new Bulgarian filmmaking. For the first time in Bulgarian film studies the problem of the Other is so fully and widely considered. The main principles followed are the ones of the case studies (analyses of significant film productions) and key studies (tracking of important research in the field). Artistic styles, approaches, experiences, positions, achievements and mutual influences are thoroughly and con-textually analyzed. Special attention is put on the Newcomer and the reception of the imported cultural traditions of Africa, Middle East and Far East in recent Bulgarian feature and documentary films (short and full-length). The book is structured in four chapters with subchapters and a conclusion. The publication is illustrated and has an extensive bibliography of more than 200 sources. There is a filmography of 200 movie titles. An index of the names in Cyrillic and Latin has been prepared. It is intended for a wide range of readers.
{"title":"The Challenges of the Cultural Pluralism. Study on the Exotic Other in the New Bulgarian Cinema","authors":"Joanna Spassova-Dikova","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"The monographic, interdisciplinary study of Andronika Martonova ‘Between Migration and Sedentariness: the Exotic Otherness and the New Bulgarian Cinema (To-wards the Culturological Areas of Identity, Difference and the ‘Us’ / ‘Them’) Dis-course’, Institute of Art Studies – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2021, ISBN: 978-619-7619-08-9, 230 pp., comes as a result of a project supported by the National Science Fund, Bulgaria. It focuses on the image of the foreigner in the new Bulgarian cinema during the second decade of the 21st century. Problems of The Inconnu / The Other / The Newcomer are discussed in the context of the challenges of the cultural pluralism for the new Bulgarian filmmaking. For the first time in Bulgarian film studies the problem of the Other is so fully and widely considered. The main principles followed are the ones of the case studies (analyses of significant film productions) and key studies (tracking of important research in the field). Artistic styles, approaches, experiences, positions, achievements and mutual influences are thoroughly and con-textually analyzed. Special attention is put on the Newcomer and the reception of the imported cultural traditions of Africa, Middle East and Far East in recent Bulgarian feature and documentary films (short and full-length). The book is structured in four chapters with subchapters and a conclusion. The publication is illustrated and has an extensive bibliography of more than 200 sources. There is a filmography of 200 movie titles. An index of the names in Cyrillic and Latin has been prepared. It is intended for a wide range of readers.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88690314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.14
Mária Dobríková
The introductory part of the article deals with discussing and exploring the term “mystery of faith” from a theological point of view. The lexicographic definition of the word “mystery” is followed by a description of the Christianization processes in the history of Europe and the Balkans. In the second part of the article, some wellknown and lesserknown facts related to the linguistic and confessional issue are discussed, which in connection with the terms “mystery of faith” and “mystery” to a certain degree, shaped the historical events in Slovakia and Bulgaria. The circumstances of the adoption of Christianity in the territory of both countries are mentioned, with a special emphasis on the interpretation of the Great Moravian mission and the perception of the tradition of Cyril and Methodius. The author points out cases where the confessional orientation and the linguistic question have become an instrument of ideology in the hands of secular or ecclesiastical power.The introductory part of the article deals with discussing and exploring the term “mystery of faith” from a theological point of view. The lexicographic definition of the word “mystery” is followed by a description of the Christianization processes in the history of Europe and the Balkans. In the second part of the article, some well-known and lesser-known facts related to the linguistic and confessional issue are discussed, which in connection with the terms “mystery of faith” and “mystery” to a certain degree, shaped the historical events in Slovakia and Bulgaria. The circumstances of the adoption of Christianity in the territory of both countries are mentioned, with a special emphasis on the interpretation of the Great Moravian mission and the perception of the tradition of Cyril and Methodius. The author points out cases where the confessional orientation and the linguistic question have become an instrument of ideology in the hands of secular or ecclesiastical power.
{"title":"The Secret of Faith or Language in the Shackles of Politics","authors":"Mária Dobríková","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The introductory part of the article deals with discussing and exploring the term “mystery of faith” from a theological point of view. The lexicographic definition of the word “mystery” is followed by a description of the Christianization processes in the history of Europe and the Balkans. In the second part of the article, some wellknown and lesserknown facts related to the linguistic and confessional issue are discussed, which in connection with the terms “mystery of faith” and “mystery” to a certain degree, shaped the historical events in Slovakia and Bulgaria. The circumstances of the adoption of Christianity in the territory of both countries are mentioned, with a special emphasis on the interpretation of the Great Moravian mission and the perception of the tradition of Cyril and Methodius. The author points out cases where the confessional orientation and the linguistic question have become an instrument of ideology in the hands of secular or ecclesiastical power.The introductory part of the article deals with discussing and exploring the term “mystery of faith” from a theological point of view. The lexicographic definition of the word “mystery” is followed by a description of the Christianization processes in the history of Europe and the Balkans. In the second part of the article, some well-known and lesser-known facts related to the linguistic and confessional issue are discussed, which in connection with the terms “mystery of faith” and “mystery” to a certain degree, shaped the historical events in Slovakia and Bulgaria. The circumstances of the adoption of Christianity in the territory of both countries are mentioned, with a special emphasis on the interpretation of the Great Moravian mission and the perception of the tradition of Cyril and Methodius. The author points out cases where the confessional orientation and the linguistic question have become an instrument of ideology in the hands of secular or ecclesiastical power.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80379965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.12
V. Milanov
This article discusses some of the uses of the secret lexeme and the verbs, adjectives, participles and adverbs connected to it in Bulgarian dialects. Various meanings and word formation models are presented with examples in this text. The text concludes that in popular speech, this lexeme has developed some very specific meanings, in comparison to written language, and this process is relevant to the specifics in every-day life of the dialect user.
{"title":"Meaning and Word Formation Models of the Secret Lexeme in Bulgarian Dialects","authors":"V. Milanov","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses some of the uses of the secret lexeme and the verbs, adjectives, participles and adverbs connected to it in Bulgarian dialects. Various meanings and word formation models are presented with examples in this text. The text concludes that in popular speech, this lexeme has developed some very specific meanings, in comparison to written language, and this process is relevant to the specifics in every-day life of the dialect user.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80773894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.17
Myrvete Dreshaj-Baliu, Era Baliu
The Albanians are an ancient people in the Balkans with very rich oral literature, but very late written literature, which was not written until after the 15th century. The late documentation certainly has to do with the existential and historical circumstances that our people lived through. Compared to the age of the people and their oral history, this literature seems to have emerged so late in terms of the authorship of women writers. They were characters before they became women writers. The written literature is simply late in comparison to the antiquity of the people and their oral texts in terms of the authorship of women writers. Before they were characters, they were authors. If we look at the chronological context of Albanian literary historiography, first we had the literature about women, then the literature of women authors, and lately, more and more influenced by secular literature, we have started to create and read feminist literature of our women authors, so we call this literature gender literature. In the process of development of Albanian literature (over time and geographical space), in this paper, I treat the woman from her character to her creativity. I have treated her in this paper both comparatively and influencing and empirically: from the referential level to the narratological level.
{"title":"Woman as a Character and Author in the Albanian Literature (Inter-influences of European Literature)","authors":"Myrvete Dreshaj-Baliu, Era Baliu","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The Albanians are an ancient people in the Balkans with very rich oral literature, but very late written literature, which was not written until after the 15th century. The late documentation certainly has to do with the existential and historical circumstances that our people lived through. Compared to the age of the people and their oral history, this literature seems to have emerged so late in terms of the authorship of women writers. They were characters before they became women writers. The written literature is simply late in comparison to the antiquity of the people and their oral texts in terms of the authorship of women writers. Before they were characters, they were authors. If we look at the chronological context of Albanian literary historiography, first we had the literature about women, then the literature of women authors, and lately, more and more influenced by secular literature, we have started to create and read feminist literature of our women authors, so we call this literature gender literature. In the process of development of Albanian literature (over time and geographical space), in this paper, I treat the woman from her character to her creativity. I have treated her in this paper both comparatively and influencing and empirically: from the referential level to the narratological level.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75081115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.10
Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova
The article studies two novels by the English writer from Pakistan, Mohsin Hamid, The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) and Exit: West 2017, which earned him world fame with the uncomfortable questions posed by exposing the hidden dangers in our globalized world. The books appeal for people to be more tolerant in order to achieve true human oneness. In these two novels, the writer depicts how fear of the Other can be the leading emotion of entire societies; it tells the story of a world in which no one and nowhere can feel safe and secure. Although Mohsin Hamid's characters are constantly fleeing because they can't find their home anywhere, they always seem to be trapped in time because something dramatic and violent is happening everywhere and it prevents them from settling, home is not just a fixed place but it is also a place where major events do not take place. Through complex, nostalgic and ambiguous images, Hamid sees fixation on grief and loss as a chasm between cultures. Both novels deconstruct racial and cultural codifications, presenting migrants as individuals with different personalities and traits, rather than as representatives of a particular religious or political group.
本文研究了来自巴基斯坦的英国作家莫辛·哈米德的两部小说《不情愿的原教旨主义者》(2007)和《出口:西方》(Exit: West 2017)，这两部小说通过揭露全球化世界中的隐患，提出了令人不安的问题，为他赢得了世界声誉。这些书呼吁人们更加宽容，以实现真正的人类一体。在这两部小说中，作者描绘了对他者的恐惧如何成为整个社会的主导情感;它讲述了一个没有人、没有地方能感到安全的世界。虽然Mohsin Hamid的人物因为在任何地方都找不到家而不断逃离，但他们似乎总是被困在时间里，因为到处都在发生戏剧性和暴力的事情，这阻止了他们定居，家不仅仅是一个固定的地方，也是一个重大事件不会发生的地方。通过复杂、怀旧和模糊的图像，哈米德将对悲伤和失落的执着视为文化之间的鸿沟。两部小说都解构了种族和文化法典，将移民视为具有不同个性和特征的个体，而不是特定宗教或政治群体的代表。
{"title":"„I am not, of course, an Arab“ (Vulnerability and Secret in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Exit West)","authors":"Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova","doi":"10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies two novels by the English writer from Pakistan, Mohsin Hamid, The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) and Exit: West 2017, which earned him world fame with the uncomfortable questions posed by exposing the hidden dangers in our globalized world. The books appeal for people to be more tolerant in order to achieve true human oneness. In these two novels, the writer depicts how fear of the Other can be the leading emotion of entire societies; it tells the story of a world in which no one and nowhere can feel safe and secure. Although Mohsin Hamid's characters are constantly fleeing because they can't find their home anywhere, they always seem to be trapped in time because something dramatic and violent is happening everywhere and it prevents them from settling, home is not just a fixed place but it is also a place where major events do not take place. Through complex, nostalgic and ambiguous images, Hamid sees fixation on grief and loss as a chasm between cultures. Both novels deconstruct racial and cultural codifications, presenting migrants as individuals with different personalities and traits, rather than as representatives of a particular religious or political group.","PeriodicalId":40507,"journal":{"name":"Balkanistic Forum","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81783084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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