Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).2
Mihhail Kremez
The multiplicity of infospheres in a country, especially in the countries with a significant proportion of minorities, creates polarization and distrust towards state institutions. This article addresses the problem by exploring the Estonian Russian-speaking minority’s attitudes towards news media content regarding fake news and information disorder. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with Russian native speakers living in Estonia (N=29), using stimulus materials to induce reactions related to elements of trust in the materials. The results show that interviewers have diverse media preferences, a critical eye for the news, more trust Estonian Russian-language media, and are rather able to recognize fake news and information disorder. The study challenges the widespread understanding that the Estonian Russian-speaking minority lives in an isolated infosphere of Russia. I argue that more attention should be drawn to the information quality in the news aimed at this audience.
{"title":"Susceptibility of the Estonian Russian-speaking Audience to the Spread of Fake News and Information Disorder in the News Media","authors":"Mihhail Kremez","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).2","url":null,"abstract":"The multiplicity of infospheres in a country, especially in the countries with a significant proportion of minorities, creates polarization and distrust towards state institutions. This article addresses the problem by exploring the Estonian Russian-speaking minority’s attitudes towards news media content regarding fake news and information disorder. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with Russian native speakers living in Estonia (N=29), using stimulus materials to induce reactions related to elements of trust in the materials. The results show that interviewers have diverse media preferences, a critical eye for the news, more trust Estonian Russian-language media, and are rather able to recognize fake news and information disorder. The study challenges the widespread understanding that the Estonian Russian-speaking minority lives in an isolated infosphere of Russia. I argue that more attention should be drawn to the information quality in the news aimed at this audience.","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).3
Mato Brautovic, Romana John
This study explores the role of fact-checking organisations in debunking the disinformation about COVID-19, based on the case of the Croatian fact-checking organisation Faktograf.hr. By using computational methods and content analysis, we analysed 212 debunked fact-checks relating to Covid-19 (N=212) published between July 1, 2020, and the March 31, 2021. The sample was used to compare the debunked and disinformation versions of the same story, regarding their impact on users in the form of engagement (likes, comments, shares) as measure of efficiency of fact-checking. The main findings show that the practice of publishing fact-checks on websites and using social media to promote debunked content is insufficient.
{"title":"Limitations of Fact-checking on Debunking Covid-19 Misinformation on Facebook: Case of Faktograf.hr","authors":"Mato Brautovic, Romana John","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).3","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the role of fact-checking organisations in debunking the disinformation about COVID-19, based on the case of the Croatian fact-checking organisation Faktograf.hr. By using computational methods and content analysis, we analysed 212 debunked fact-checks relating to Covid-19 (N=212) published between July 1, 2020, and the March 31, 2021. The sample was used to compare the debunked and disinformation versions of the same story, regarding their impact on users in the form of engagement (likes, comments, shares) as measure of efficiency of fact-checking. The main findings show that the practice of publishing fact-checks on websites and using social media to promote debunked content is insufficient.","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).9
Dagmara Sidyk-Furman
{"title":"Susanne Fengler, Tobias Eberwein, Matthias Karmasin (eds) (2022). The Global Handbook of Media Accountability","authors":"Dagmara Sidyk-Furman","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).0
Michał Głowacki, Paivi Maijanen
{"title":"Decoding Media Impact/Datafication in Diverse Cultural Media Contexts","authors":"Michał Głowacki, Paivi Maijanen","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite being an underreported topic in the news media, gender-based violence (GBV) undermines the health, dignity, security and autonomy of its victims. Research has studied many of the factors that generate or maintain this kind of violence. However, the influence of the media is still uncertain. This paper used Big Data techniques to explore how GBV is depicted and reported in digital news media. By feeding neural networks with news, the topic information associated with each article can be recovered. Our findings show a relationship between GBV news and public awareness, the effect of well-known GBV cases, and the intrinsic thematic relationship of GBV news with justice themes.
{"title":"Big Data Techniques to Study the Impact of Gender-Based Violence in the Spanish News Media","authors":"Hugo J Bello, Nora Palomar-Ciria, Elisa Gallego, Lourdes Jiménez Navascués, Celia Lozano","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).6","url":null,"abstract":"Despite being an underreported topic in the news media, gender-based violence (GBV) undermines the health, dignity, security and autonomy of its victims. Research has studied many of the factors that generate or maintain this kind of violence. However, the influence of the media is still uncertain. This paper used Big Data techniques to explore how GBV is depicted and reported in digital news media. By feeding neural networks with news, the topic information associated with each article can be recovered. Our findings show a relationship between GBV news and public awareness, the effect of well-known GBV cases, and the intrinsic thematic relationship of GBV news with justice themes.","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).8
Michał Głowacki
{"title":"Media Culture Kaleidoscopes: The Core of a Media System","authors":"Michał Głowacki","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.16.1(33).8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).5
Patryk Wawrzyński
Abstract: The paper discusses appeals to pride and compassion as emotional strategies for mobilization in political communication, developing the Emotional Rescue Model of enthusiasm, anger, and fear. Exploring general results of brain activity, facial expressions, cognitive responses, attitude change, and prosocial behavior, it examines how compelling pride-related and compassion-related narratives are. Moreover, it considers the possibilities of targeting emotional content to specific audiences, verifying how results correspond with participants’ empathy, political preferences, and attitudes toward collective remembrance. The paper explores age, gender, and election attendance as other possible factors correlated with the outcomes of manipulation. In conclusion, it suggested that appeals to pride should target supporters of the cause, but compassionate narratives can address non-supporters and undecided recipients.
{"title":"Pride and Compassion: How Emotional Strategies Target Audiences in Political Communication?","authors":"Patryk Wawrzyński","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The paper discusses appeals to pride and compassion as emotional strategies for mobilization in political communication, developing the Emotional Rescue Model of enthusiasm, anger, and fear. Exploring general results of brain activity, facial expressions, cognitive responses, attitude change, and prosocial behavior, it examines how compelling pride-related and compassion-related narratives are. Moreover, it considers the possibilities of targeting emotional content to specific audiences, verifying how results correspond with participants’ empathy, political preferences, and attitudes toward collective remembrance. The paper explores age, gender, and election attendance as other possible factors correlated with the outcomes of manipulation. In conclusion, it suggested that appeals to pride should target supporters of the cause, but compassionate narratives can address non-supporters and undecided recipients.","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42088505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).8
Agnieszka Stępińska
{"title":"Studying Media Systems in the Era of Digital Media","authors":"Agnieszka Stępińska","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42925818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).9
Marton Demeter, B. Varga
{"title":"Daniela Dimitrova (ed.). Global Journalism: Understanding World Media Systems. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp 258. ISBN: 1538146851.","authors":"Marton Demeter, B. Varga","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46641097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).2
M. Himma-Kadakas, S. Ivask
This study investigates journalists’ self-censorship and introduces a phenomenon of unperceived collective self-censorship that demands a combination of detection methods. We conducted a content analysis of media critique texts (N=156) that discuss attacks on Estonian journalism. These results were combined with the content analysis of journalistic roles in the news (N=2409) and a survey on journalists (N=99) and completed with semi-structured interviews (N=14). The findings showed that accusations against journalists were frequently related to discourses regarding journalists’ interventionist or watchdog roles. Juxtaposing these results with quantitative data, it became evident that when aspects of interventionist and watchdog roles were criticized in the media texts, the performance of these roles decreased in the news. However, journalists’ self-assessment does not show the perception of this change. We argue that self-censorship was created unknowingly within the newsroom. External pressures – such as politically motivated attacks on journalism – may promote unperceived self-censorship.
{"title":"Journalists under attack: self-censorship as an unperceived method for avoiding hostility","authors":"M. Himma-Kadakas, S. Ivask","doi":"10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51480/1899-5101.15.3(32).2","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates journalists’ self-censorship and introduces a phenomenon of unperceived collective self-censorship that demands a combination of detection methods. We conducted a content analysis of media critique texts (N=156) that discuss attacks on Estonian journalism. These results were combined with the content analysis of journalistic roles in the news (N=2409) and a survey on journalists (N=99) and completed with semi-structured interviews (N=14). The findings showed that accusations against journalists were frequently related to discourses regarding journalists’ interventionist or watchdog roles. Juxtaposing these results with quantitative data, it became evident that when aspects of interventionist and watchdog roles were criticized in the media texts, the performance of these roles decreased in the news. However, journalists’ self-assessment does not show the perception of this change. We argue that self-censorship was created unknowingly within the newsroom. External pressures – such as politically motivated attacks on journalism – may promote unperceived self-censorship.","PeriodicalId":40610,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47136872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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