Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120417
Lin-Jie Deng , Bei-Bing Dai , Feng-Tao Liu , Jun Yang , Wei-Hai Yuan
We present an experimental and DEM investigation of the arching effect by focusing on the trapdoor test, with an emphasis on the effect of fabric orientation which is created by depositing particles at various directions. The results indicate that the arching effect is the weakest when the deposition plane is oriented at θ = 30°, which is manifested by the largest arching ratio for the trapdoor part and the most considerable particle movement. The arching effect mobilization is found to be asymmetric, apart from the cases θ = 0° & 90°. The arching ratio for the left bottom part is on average lower than that for the right bottom part, and the vertical particle displacement for the neighbouring zone at the left of trapdoor is comparably larger. The asymmetric mobilization of arching effect, as well as the occurrence of the weakest arching effect at θ = 30°, is also clarified.
{"title":"Asymmetric mobilization of arching effect in granular materials: the role of fabric","authors":"Lin-Jie Deng , Bei-Bing Dai , Feng-Tao Liu , Jun Yang , Wei-Hai Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an experimental and DEM investigation of the arching effect by focusing on the trapdoor test, with an emphasis on the effect of fabric orientation which is created by depositing particles at various directions. The results indicate that the arching effect is the weakest when the deposition plane is oriented at <em>θ</em> = 30°, which is manifested by the largest arching ratio for the trapdoor part and the most considerable particle movement. The arching effect mobilization is found to be asymmetric, apart from the cases <em>θ</em> = 0° & 90°. The arching ratio for the left bottom part is on average lower than that for the right bottom part, and the vertical particle displacement for the neighbouring zone at the left of trapdoor is comparably larger. The asymmetric mobilization of arching effect, as well as the occurrence of the weakest arching effect at <em>θ</em> = 30°, is also clarified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120416
Xiaohui Zhang , Nan Wang , Zongyan Zhou , Zeyao Ning , Min Chen
The distribution of burden materials at the blast furnace throat is highly correlated with the combined ferrous burden with different mass percentages of sinter, pellet, and lump ore. In this work, the motion behavior of the burden particles was studied under different combined ferrous burden composition, and an analysis was conducted on the cooperative influence of the combined ferrous burden composition and ore-coke interaction on the burden distribution characteristics. The results indicate that the particle flow trajectory is stable when the total mass fraction of pellet and lump ore is less than 32 %. Central coke charging can minimize the radial segregation of the combined ferrous burden. At the ore-coke layer interface, the accumulation and percolation behaviors of ore particles are observed. When the pellet ratio is high, the ore particles can easily penetrate into the void structure of the coke layer.
{"title":"Effect of combined ferrous burden composition and ore-coke interaction on blast furnace burden distribution","authors":"Xiaohui Zhang , Nan Wang , Zongyan Zhou , Zeyao Ning , Min Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distribution of burden materials at the blast furnace throat is highly correlated with the combined ferrous burden with different mass percentages of sinter, pellet, and lump ore. In this work, the motion behavior of the burden particles was studied under different combined ferrous burden composition, and an analysis was conducted on the cooperative influence of the combined ferrous burden composition and ore-coke interaction on the burden distribution characteristics. The results indicate that the particle flow trajectory is stable when the total mass fraction of pellet and lump ore is less than 32 %. Central coke charging can minimize the radial segregation of the combined ferrous burden. At the ore-coke layer interface, the accumulation and percolation behaviors of ore particles are observed. When the pellet ratio is high, the ore particles can easily penetrate into the void structure of the coke layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120420
Miao Liu , Xingming Yang , Zhongqiu Liu , Baokuan Li
Enhancing the quality of the powder bed can significantly lower the defects in the finished product manufactured by Laser-based powder bed fusion. In this work, the multi-factor effects of particle size distribution, scraper type, laying speed, scraper and substrate separation, and non-spherical particles were investigated using the discrete element method. The results show that the powder bed created by the roller can hold the largest number of particles, with a maximum gap of 67.64 %. The scraper angle will significantly impact the force and volume of the deposited particles. Accelerating the laying speed worsens the powder disturbance and raises the impact on the scraper. Non-spherical particles have less effect than particle size, which raises the force and frequency of pushing on the scraper and the friction between the particles. In addition, the slender particles have the most significant impact on the fluidity.
{"title":"Effect of spreader and particle properties on powder bed generation with discrete element method in additive manufacturing","authors":"Miao Liu , Xingming Yang , Zhongqiu Liu , Baokuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the quality of the powder bed can significantly lower the defects in the finished product manufactured by Laser-based powder bed fusion. In this work, the multi-factor effects of particle size distribution, scraper type, laying speed, scraper and substrate separation, and non-spherical particles were investigated using the discrete element method. The results show that the powder bed created by the roller can hold the largest number of particles, with a maximum gap of 67.64 %. The scraper angle will significantly impact the force and volume of the deposited particles. Accelerating the laying speed worsens the powder disturbance and raises the impact on the scraper. Non-spherical particles have less effect than particle size, which raises the force and frequency of pushing on the scraper and the friction between the particles. In addition, the slender particles have the most significant impact on the fluidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418
Yisheng Hu , Fuzeng Wang , Feng Jiang , Lingbao Hu , Guoqin Huang
This study established a simulation model for abrasive water jet rock breaking based on the SPH-FDEM method. The effects of abrasive concentration and jet velocity on crack and energy consumption were investigated based on the model. The effect of finite and infinite element boundaries on simulation results was compared, and it was found that the infinite element boundary can mitigate the damage caused by stress wave reflection on rocks. During water jet rock breaking, the crack mode inside the rock was dominated by Mode-I crack (opening-mode crack) due to the water wedge effect, and the number of cracks and the broken volume increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. In this study, the specific energy consumption (SEC) was used to evaluated the rock-breaking capacity. Under pure water jetting, the SEC decreased with increasing velocity, while with the addition of abrasive, the SEC increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. These findings provided a basis for optimization of water jet machining parameters in engineering applications.
{"title":"Simulation analysis of damage and energy consumption of rocks during abrasive water jet impacts based on SPH-FDEM method","authors":"Yisheng Hu , Fuzeng Wang , Feng Jiang , Lingbao Hu , Guoqin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study established a simulation model for abrasive water jet rock breaking based on the SPH-FDEM method. The effects of abrasive concentration and jet velocity on crack and energy consumption were investigated based on the model. The effect of finite and infinite element boundaries on simulation results was compared, and it was found that the infinite element boundary can mitigate the damage caused by stress wave reflection on rocks. During water jet rock breaking, the crack mode inside the rock was dominated by Mode-I crack (opening-mode crack) due to the water wedge effect, and the number of cracks and the broken volume increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. In this study, the specific energy consumption (SEC) was used to evaluated the rock-breaking capacity. Under pure water jetting, the SEC decreased with increasing velocity, while with the addition of abrasive, the SEC increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. These findings provided a basis for optimization of water jet machining parameters in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421
Xiaodong Chen , Lele Yang , Lian Luo , Liang Yu , Zhiyuan Luo
The mineral resources in deep-seabed are attracting extensive attention. A numerical simulation of particle transport in a vertical pipe for a deep-sea mining system is conducted using the CFD-DEM method. The effects of fluid density, fluid viscosity and rheological parameters of non-Newtonian fluids on the liquid-solid flow behavior in a vertical pipe are investigated. For Newtonian fluids, increasing the density or viscosity enhances the particles' performance in following the fluid and reduces the slip velocity, but also increases the pressure drop. The efficient lifting of particles can be facilitated by adjusting fluid density and viscosity, while considering factors such as energy consumption. For non-Newtonian fluids, an increase in either the flow behavior index n or the consistency coefficient k results in an increase in the fluid's apparent viscosity. This leads to an increase in the particle suspension capacity and local particle velocity, along with a decrease in local particle concentration.
深海海底的矿产资源正受到广泛关注。采用 CFD-DEM 方法对深海采矿系统垂直管道中的颗粒输运进行了数值模拟。研究了流体密度、流体粘度和非牛顿流体的流变参数对垂直管道中液固流动行为的影响。对于牛顿流体，增加密度或粘度可提高颗粒追随流体的性能，降低滑移速度，但同时也会增加压降。在考虑能量消耗等因素的同时，可以通过调整流体密度和粘度来促进颗粒的有效提升。对于非牛顿流体，流动特性指数 n 或稠度系数 k 的增加都会导致流体表观粘度的增加。这会导致颗粒悬浮能力和局部颗粒速度增加，同时局部颗粒浓度降低。
{"title":"Effects of fluid properties on coarse particles transport in vertical pipe","authors":"Xiaodong Chen , Lele Yang , Lian Luo , Liang Yu , Zhiyuan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mineral resources in deep-seabed are attracting extensive attention. A numerical simulation of particle transport in a vertical pipe for a deep-sea mining system is conducted using the CFD-DEM method. The effects of fluid density, fluid viscosity and rheological parameters of non-Newtonian fluids on the liquid-solid flow behavior in a vertical pipe are investigated. For Newtonian fluids, increasing the density or viscosity enhances the particles' performance in following the fluid and reduces the slip velocity, but also increases the pressure drop. The efficient lifting of particles can be facilitated by adjusting fluid density and viscosity, while considering factors such as energy consumption. For non-Newtonian fluids, an increase in either the flow behavior index <em>n</em> or the consistency coefficient <em>k</em> results in an increase in the fluid's apparent viscosity. This leads to an increase in the particle suspension capacity and local particle velocity, along with a decrease in local particle concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411
Ali N. Alagha , Mathilde Rossier , Emilio Galindo , Martin Conlon , José Muñiz , Kamran Azari , Evan Butler-Jones , Mathieu Brochu
Traditional characterization techniques for powders primarily focus on bulk properties, often neglecting the critical role of surface chemistry variations that influence the performance in applications such as additive manufacturing. The method presented in this work addresses this gap by utilizing triboelectric charging concept to gain a comprehensive understanding of powder surface state under varying environmental conditions. In particular, the study investigates the detection of surface chemistry variations of AA2014 powder caused by an exposure to various relative humidity (RH) levels through a change in triboelectric charging behavior. The surface variations are analyzed in parallel with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The findings reveal a direct correlation between elevated RH and increased hydroxide species content at the surface of the powder. The triboelectric charging experiments demonstrated a significant RH-dependent variations of charge accumulation, with higher humidity levels leading to reduced static charge buildup on the powder particles. The charge accumulation behavior in the powder was fitted with the compressed exponential relaxation model. The results showed that each surface chemical species exhibits a distinct correlation between charging rate and charge accumulation, confirming the effectiveness of the method to detect subtle variations in surface chemistry. The variations in the exponent of the fitted model were shown to be characteristics to the surface scale of the powder particles.
传统的粉末表征技术主要关注块体特性，往往忽视了表面化学变化的关键作用，而这些变化会影响粉末在增材制造等应用中的性能。本研究提出的方法利用三电荷概念来全面了解粉末在不同环境条件下的表面状态，从而弥补了这一不足。特别是，该研究通过改变三电充电行为，检测 AA2014 粉末在不同相对湿度 (RH) 条件下的表面化学变化。在分析表面变化的同时，还使用了 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS)。研究结果表明，相对湿度升高与粉末表面氢氧化物物种含量增加之间存在直接关联。三电荷实验表明，电荷积累的变化与相对湿度密切相关，湿度越高，粉末颗粒上的静电荷积累越少。粉末中的电荷积累行为采用压缩指数弛豫模型进行拟合。结果表明，每种表面化学物质在充电速率和电荷积累之间都表现出明显的相关性，这证实了该方法在检测表面化学微妙变化方面的有效性。拟合模型指数的变化与粉末颗粒的表面尺度有关。
{"title":"Surface chemistry characterization of AA2014 aluminum alloy powder through triboelectric charging","authors":"Ali N. Alagha , Mathilde Rossier , Emilio Galindo , Martin Conlon , José Muñiz , Kamran Azari , Evan Butler-Jones , Mathieu Brochu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional characterization techniques for powders primarily focus on bulk properties, often neglecting the critical role of surface chemistry variations that influence the performance in applications such as additive manufacturing. The method presented in this work addresses this gap by utilizing triboelectric charging concept to gain a comprehensive understanding of powder surface state under varying environmental conditions. In particular, the study investigates the detection of surface chemistry variations of AA2014 powder caused by an exposure to various relative humidity (RH) levels through a change in triboelectric charging behavior. The surface variations are analyzed in parallel with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The findings reveal a direct correlation between elevated RH and increased hydroxide species content at the surface of the powder. The triboelectric charging experiments demonstrated a significant RH-dependent variations of charge accumulation, with higher humidity levels leading to reduced static charge buildup on the powder particles. The charge accumulation behavior in the powder was fitted with the compressed exponential relaxation model. The results showed that each surface chemical species exhibits a distinct correlation between charging rate and charge accumulation, confirming the effectiveness of the method to detect subtle variations in surface chemistry. The variations in the exponent of the fitted model were shown to be characteristics to the surface scale of the powder particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414
Chunguang Zhou , Christian Jonasson , Marcus Gullberg , Fredrik Ahrentorp , Christer Johansson
To control solids circulation and optimize design and operating parameters in a circulating fluidized bed full-loop system, measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe were conducted. Different aeration gas flows were injected at the inclined pipe, which was equipped with different orifice sizes of 37 mm, 54 mm and 75 mm, for regulating solids flow rates. The magnetic tracer-tracking method, which only needs to inject one small magnetic tracer for each measurement to follow the main solids flow, was successfully demonstrated for measuring sand particles' real-time discharge rates, with good accuracy and no calibration requirement. A mathematical model was constructed to predict solids discharge rates and investigate the adverse effect of the pressure gradient in the standpipe bed in a full loop fluidized bed system. The optimization of the solids-return and circulation unit could therefore be achieved with the tools developed in this study.
{"title":"Measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe of circulating fluidized bed full-loop system","authors":"Chunguang Zhou , Christian Jonasson , Marcus Gullberg , Fredrik Ahrentorp , Christer Johansson","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To control solids circulation and optimize design and operating parameters in a circulating fluidized bed full-loop system<strong>,</strong> measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe were conducted. Different aeration gas flows were injected at the inclined pipe, which was equipped with different orifice sizes of 37 mm, 54 mm and 75 mm, for regulating solids flow rates. The magnetic tracer-tracking method, which only needs to inject one small magnetic tracer for each measurement to follow the main solids flow, was successfully demonstrated for measuring sand particles' real-time discharge rates, with good accuracy and no calibration requirement. A mathematical model was constructed to predict solids discharge rates and investigate the adverse effect of the pressure gradient in the standpipe bed in a full loop fluidized bed system. The optimization of the solids-return and circulation unit could therefore be achieved with the tools developed in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluidized beds are increasingly used in renewable energy and chemical production due to their versatility in handling different solids for multi-functional industrial applications. The diversity in size and density of solid particles impacts fluidization, influencing mixing and segregation behaviours critical for optimizing chemical processes and reactor design. This study investigates the expansion and segregation behaviours of mixed Geldart group powders in binary systems, simulating polydispersed beds with different materials and catalysts. By applying a modified Cheung equation and an adapted Gibilaro-Rowe model, the study analyzes segregation behaviours of Geldart Group A and B materials at varying mixing rates and gas flow velocities. Results show a good match between experimental data and model predictions. Using novel non-invasive X-ray imaging, the study provides real-time analysis of mixing and segregation at different fluidization regimes and temperatures. These findings aid in designing and optimizing advanced thermochemical conversion technologies, enhancing process efficiency and resilience.
流化床因其处理不同固体的多功能性，越来越多地应用于可再生能源和化工生产领域。固体颗粒尺寸和密度的多样性会影响流化，影响对优化化学过程和反应器设计至关重要的混合和偏析行为。本研究通过模拟含有不同材料和催化剂的多分散床，研究了二元体系中混合 Geldart 组粉末的膨胀和偏析行为。通过应用修改后的 Cheung 方程和改编后的 Gibilaro-Rowe 模型，该研究分析了不同混合速率和气体流速下 Geldart A 组和 B 组材料的偏析行为。结果表明，实验数据与模型预测结果十分吻合。该研究利用新型非侵入式 X 射线成像技术，对不同流化状态和温度下的混合和偏析情况进行了实时分析。这些发现有助于设计和优化先进的热化学转化技术，提高工艺效率和复原能力。
{"title":"Systematic analysis of mixing and segregation patterns of binary mixtures in fluidised beds for multi-functional processes","authors":"Hualun Zhu, Paola Lettieri, Massimiliano Materazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluidized beds are increasingly used in renewable energy and chemical production due to their versatility in handling different solids for multi-functional industrial applications. The diversity in size and density of solid particles impacts fluidization, influencing mixing and segregation behaviours critical for optimizing chemical processes and reactor design. This study investigates the expansion and segregation behaviours of mixed Geldart group powders in binary systems, simulating polydispersed beds with different materials and catalysts. By applying a modified Cheung equation and an adapted Gibilaro-Rowe model, the study analyzes segregation behaviours of Geldart Group A and B materials at varying mixing rates and gas flow velocities. Results show a good match between experimental data and model predictions. Using novel non-invasive X-ray imaging, the study provides real-time analysis of mixing and segregation at different fluidization regimes and temperatures. These findings aid in designing and optimizing advanced thermochemical conversion technologies, enhancing process efficiency and resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120419"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405
Yuan Zhou , Mohamed A. Shahin , Can Xu , Hongxing Zhu , Zian Ding , Shufa Sun
In this paper, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model is developed to accurately simulate the interaction between forestry machinery vehicles and forest-layered gravel soils. The soil grains in the DEM model are simulated as spherical particles, while the gravel is represented by nine types of non-spherical particle clusters based on the actual gravel content, size, and shape. The DEM model parameters are calibrated through the indoor angle of repose (AOR) and triaxial shear tests, followed by statistical calibration using Plackett-Burman, Steepest Ascent, and Box-Behnken experiments. The values of the optimal DEM model parameters are determined based on the obtained quadratic regression analysis. Finally, the MED model accuracy is verified by comparing indoor test results with the DEM simulation outputs and mathematical predictions. The results revealed that the DEM model simulated curves closely match the measured values, indicating good agreement.
本文开发了一种离散元素法（DEM）模型，用于精确模拟林业机械车辆与林层砾石土壤之间的相互作用。DEM 模型中的土粒模拟为球形颗粒，而砾石则根据实际的砾石含量、大小和形状由九种类型的非球形颗粒群来表示。DEM 模型参数通过室内静止角 (AOR) 和三轴剪切试验进行校准，然后使用 Plackett-Burman、Steepest Ascent 和 Box-Behnken 试验进行统计校准。根据获得的二次回归分析结果，确定最佳 DEM 模型参数值。最后，通过比较室内测试结果与 DEM 模拟输出和数学预测，验证了 MED 模型的准确性。结果表明，DEM 模型模拟曲线与测量值非常吻合，显示出良好的一致性。
{"title":"Development and calibration of discrete element model for layered gravel soils in forested areas","authors":"Yuan Zhou , Mohamed A. Shahin , Can Xu , Hongxing Zhu , Zian Ding , Shufa Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model is developed to accurately simulate the interaction between forestry machinery vehicles and forest-layered gravel soils. The soil grains in the DEM model are simulated as spherical particles, while the gravel is represented by nine types of non-spherical particle clusters based on the actual gravel content, size, and shape. The DEM model parameters are calibrated through the indoor angle of repose (AOR) and triaxial shear tests, followed by statistical calibration using Plackett-Burman, Steepest Ascent, and Box-Behnken experiments. The values of the optimal DEM model parameters are determined based on the obtained quadratic regression analysis. Finally, the MED model accuracy is verified by comparing indoor test results with the DEM simulation outputs and mathematical predictions. The results revealed that the DEM model simulated curves closely match the measured values, indicating good agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120404
Chenquan Ni , Chang Liu , Jieyi Wang , Yinbo Song , Yuting Liang , Weiqi Xie , Hui Zhong , Zhiguo He
With the rapid development and widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, the demand for lithium has surged dramatically, drawing increasing attention to its extraction from spodumene deposits. However, the sustainable development of the lithium industry faces challenges, as traditional processes are hindered by high conversion temperatures, excessive acid consumption, and difficulties in purifying the leachate. Hence, we propose a binary composite additive system based on sodium sulfate‑calcium oxide (Na2SO4-CaO) for roasting α-spodumene at comparative low temperatures. The optimal roasting conditions entailed a mass ratio of spodumene/CaO/Na2SO4 at 1:0.1:0.8, a roasting temperature of 900 °C, a holding time of 2 h, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5 mL/g, and leaching at 60 °C for 30 min, resulting in an impressive lithium leaching efficiency of 95.45 %. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses reveal that the roasting formed the product of water-soluble LiNaSO4, which was then dissolved into water, with the leaching process being governed by internal diffusion.
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