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State housing policy of Ukraine: status and development perspectives 乌克兰国家住房政策:现状和发展前景
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.02
O. Avramova, V. Sloma, Olha Kulinich, T. Fedorenko, Svetlana Myrza
The purpose of the article was to determine the state housing policy taking into account the state of war in Ukraine as a result of the conflict with the Russian Federation. The authors of the article have used general scientific (dialectical, axiological, etc.) and special (formal and logical, statistical, predictive, etc.) methods and scientific cognition. The lack of a state housing policy and a general strategy for the development of the housing stock has been established. The importance of the modern stage of the state housing policy of Ukraine, which is to restore the housing stock destroyed or damaged as a result of the war, ensuring the housing needs of internally displaced persons and people who have lost their homes, is emphasized. It has been concluded that the modern state housing policy of Ukraine needs to define its strategic directions taking into account the needs that arose as a result of the war. The authors have suggested the following areas of the latest state housing policy: construction of new housing stock, major repairs of housing-related infrastructure facilities, determination of mechanisms for accounting of rental housing stock and resumption of social housing construction, etc.
该条的目的是在考虑到乌克兰由于与俄罗斯联邦的冲突而处于战争状态的情况下确定国家住房政策。本文作者运用了一般科学(辩证、价值论等)和特殊(形式逻辑、统计、预测等)方法和科学认知。已经确定缺乏国家住房政策和住房存量发展的总体战略。强调了乌克兰国家住房政策的现代阶段的重要性,即恢复因战争而被毁坏或损坏的住房存量,确保国内流离失所者和失去家园的人的住房需要。结论是,乌克兰的现代国家住房政策需要确定其战略方向,同时考虑到由于战争而产生的需求。作者提出了最新国家住房政策的以下几个方面:新建住房存量、住房相关基础设施的重大维修、确定租赁住房存量的核算机制和恢复社会住房建设等。
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引用次数: 0
Legal regulation of public administration of education and science 教育科学公共管理的法律规制
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.18
Y. Zhukova, Kostiantyn Bryl, L. Svystun, Y. Kobrusieva, Yevhen Leheza
The object of the research is the peculiarities of public administration of education and science in foreign countries, in particular, the experience of three European countries ranked in the top ten according to the results of the international survey PISA-2018: Estonia, Finland and Poland. The main content is considered the experience of building a system of educational management on democratic basis, in cooperation between government bodies and society. It is determined that education in the studied countries is one of the priorities of the state and society. The methodological basis of the research consists of comparative legal and systemic analysis, formal legal method, method of interpretation, hermeneutic method and methods of analysis and synthesis. Similar approaches to administration and financing were identified in the conclusions. A trend characteristic of all countries is clarified: the state guarantees free education, including science, and at the same time ensures equal access to quality education and science. Also, the optimal mechanisms of economic support of education, science and the main sources of financing specific to each country were defined.
研究对象是国外教育和科学公共管理的特殊性,特别是根据国际调查PISA-2018结果排名前十的三个欧洲国家的经验:爱沙尼亚,芬兰和波兰。主要内容是政府与社会合作,在民主基础上建立教育管理制度的经验。确定了所研究国家的教育是国家和社会的优先事项之一。研究的方法论基础包括比较法律与系统分析、形式法律方法、解释方法、解释学方法和分析与综合方法。结论中确定了类似的行政和筹资办法。阐明了一个各国共同的趋势特征:国家保障包括科学在内的免费教育,同时保证平等接受优质教育和科学教育。此外,还确定了为教育、科学提供经济支助的最佳机制和每个国家具体的主要资金来源。
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引用次数: 7
Disciplinary liability of insolvency officers: current challenges 破产管理人员的纪律责任:当前的挑战
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.25
Serhii Donkov, N. Nykytchenko, M.S. Mishchuk, Mariia Lysa, Marian Kurliak
In this article we have studied the specific features of the liability of insolvency administrators for disciplinary offenses. The norms of the current legislation (in particular, the Bankruptcy Proceedings Code of Ukraine, the Tax Code of Ukraine, the Labor Code of Ukraine) regarding the determination of the legal status of insolvency officers and the specific features for bringing them to liability have been analysed in the article. The purpose of this research was to study problematic issues related to the liability of insolvency administrators. During the research general scientific methods, in particular dialectical, methods of analysis and synthesis, formal and legal, systematic approach have been used. It is concluded that disciplinary liability in the profession of insolvency officers in Ukraine is of mixed nature. It is partly civil, partly disciplinary and administrative liability -- in its essence -- and is not clearly regulated by the current legislation. Referring to the facts of bringing insolvency administrators to disciplinary liability even for a single offense has, on the one hand, elements of civil liability. On the other hand, disciplinary liability can also be imposed on insolvency administrators.
本文研究了破产管理人违纪责任的具体特征。本文分析了现行立法(特别是《乌克兰破产程序法》、《乌克兰税法》和《乌克兰劳动法》)中关于确定破产管理人员法律地位的规范以及使他们承担责任的具体特征。本研究的目的是研究与破产管理人的赔偿责任有关的问题。在研究中采用了一般的科学方法,特别是辩证法、分析综合法、形式法、系统法。结论是,乌克兰破产管理人员职业的纪律责任具有混合性质。从本质上讲,它部分是民事责任,部分是纪律和行政责任,目前的立法没有明确规定。一方面,提及即使是一项罪行也要使破产管理人承担纪律责任的事实,也包含民事责任的要素。另一方面,破产管理人也可以承担纪律责任。
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引用次数: 0
Production of engineering products as an element of social growth in the global world: legal factor of development 工程产品的生产作为全球社会增长的一个因素:发展的法律因素
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.14
V. Nekhai, Y. Voloshchuk, Larisa Satyr, K. Voloshchuk, O. Kravets
The purpose of the article is to justify the need to develop the production of engineering products as an element of social growth in the global world and to improve the legal environment as a basis for this development. The research methodology is based on empirical, analytical methods, legal means of prevention, regulation and resolution of business development problems. Competitive struggle stimulates the development of enterprises, the problem creates new opportunities for business and market development stimulates social growth. The defined development chain is an element of globalization. It confirms the expediency of improving the legal field of activity of Ukrainian enterprises developing machine-building products in the direction of promoting the progress of their enterprises, import substitution and popularization of Ukrainian products. In the conclusions, it is recommended to use differentiation as a promising method of bringing Ukrainian enterprises to new markets, reaching foreign consumers and establishing them as a priority supplier of high-quality machine-building products.
这篇文章的目的是证明发展工程产品生产作为全球社会增长的一个因素的必要性,并改善法律环境作为这一发展的基础。研究方法以实证、分析方法、法律手段预防、规制和解决企业发展问题为基础。竞争斗争刺激企业发展,问题创造企业新机遇,市场发展刺激社会成长。明确的开发链是全球化的一个要素。它确认,在促进乌克兰企业发展、进口替代和乌克兰产品普及的方向上,改善乌克兰企业开发机械制造产品的合法活动环境是有利的。在结论中,建议采用差异化作为一种有希望的方法,使乌克兰企业进入新的市场,接触到外国消费者,并使它们成为高质量机械制造产品的优先供应商。
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引用次数: 0
Sistemas Electorales en América Latina 拉丁美洲的选举制度
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.51
Gustavo Adolfo Soto Vásquez, Jesús Armando Zamora Suarez
The purpose of this scientific article was to compare the Composite Competitiveness Indicator (CI) in the Electoral Systems of Venezuela, Mexico and Chile. The research was documentary, which implied that the study data were obtained from bibliographic documents. The method used was the comparative one. As a result, the impact of political behavior, together with political conditions, the role of political parties, institutions, etc., in the change of the electoral system of each country is demonstrated. In conclusion, it was evidenced how the dynamics of the political and social contexts over the years determine the electoral system, varying from competitive to non-competitive, as was the case of the compared countries.
这篇科学文章的目的是比较委内瑞拉、墨西哥和智利选举制度中的综合竞争力指标(CI)。这项研究是文献性的,这意味着研究数据是从书目文献中获得的。所采用的方法为比较法。从而论证了政治行为以及政治条件、政党、制度等对各国选举制度变迁的影响。最后,证明了多年来政治和社会环境的动态如何决定了选举制度,从竞争性到非竞争性各不相同,所比较国家的情况就是如此。
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引用次数: 0
Reflexiones sobre la adopción en Ecuador: consideraciones constitucionales y legales 对厄瓜多尔收养的思考:宪法和法律考虑
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.47
Génesis Valeria Vera Vélez, Fernando Guillermo Garay Delgado, Jorge Isaac Calle García
The research aims to determine the constitutional and legal provisions that regulate the legal figure of adoption in the Republic of Ecuador, with special attention to the existing normative contradictions between them. The research is of a descriptive documentary type, with a focus on analytical and hermeneutic methods. The Constitution recognizes the figure of adoption in its article 68. The Ecuadorian legal system does not handle full adoption as stipulated in article 152 of the Childhood and Adolescence Code. In view of the fact that in the Civil Code there is a notable conservation of the kinship ties of the adoptee with his family of origin and the exceptions that segregate the adopted children in matters of inheritance with the adopter’s family. It is concluded that it is necessary that the National Assembly, at the moment of issuing or reforming a new law for the protection of minors, carry out an exhaustive normative analysis so that this new codification is related and complementary to the laws that are in force, this with the objective that there are no legal anomalies between two norms and that an effective application and enjoyment of the rights of the minors can be given.
该研究旨在确定厄瓜多尔共和国规范收养法律人物的宪法和法律条款,特别注意它们之间存在的规范性矛盾。该研究是一种描述性的文献类型,侧重于分析和解释学方法。《宪法》第68条承认收养人数。厄瓜多尔法律制度没有按照《儿童和青少年法》第152条的规定处理完全收养问题。鉴于《民法典》明显保留了被收养人与其原籍家庭的亲属关系,以及在继承问题上将被收养子女与收养人家庭隔离的例外情况。结论是,国民议会在颁布或改革一项保护未成年人的新法律时,有必要进行详尽的规范性分析,以使这项新的法典与现行法律相关并相辅相成,这样做的目的是在两个规范之间没有法律上的异常,并且可以有效地适用和享受未成年人的权利。
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引用次数: 0
The European Union as a supranational association and the problem of state sovereignty 欧盟作为超国家联盟与国家主权问题
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.09
I. Kostyrya, Oksana Biletska, M. Shevchenko, Olena Kropyvko, T. Lysenko
The objective was to analyze the European Union EU as a supranational association, which, in turn, leads to problems of state sovereignty. The methodology employed consisted of general and special scientific methods. Sovereignty is an archaic political construct. There are two opposites: one focuses on the state and proclaims that sovereignty resides in a particular level of government, the parliament and the government derived from it; the other is the multilevel approach that presents sovereignty through a new prism, claiming that the concept itself is obsolete, challenging globalization and integration. The ability and right of existing states to exercise supreme authority over their territory, control access to it and defend their citizens has become more difficult to exercise. To conclude, globalization, transnational trade, culture and travel are just some of the factors that have challenged the effective capacity of the state. To adapt to these transformations, sovereignties are joined or shared with other states, as states are the main actors in an organization such as the EU because their interaction is so complex and intense that it has modified their independence.
其目的是分析欧盟作为一个超国家的协会,这反过来又会导致国家主权的问题。所采用的方法论包括一般科学方法和特殊科学方法。主权是一个古老的政治概念。有两个对立面:一个关注国家,并宣称主权存在于特定级别的政府、议会和由此产生的政府;另一种是通过新的棱镜呈现主权的多层次方法,声称主权概念本身已经过时,挑战全球化和一体化。现有国家对其领土行使最高权力、控制进入领土和保护其公民的能力和权利,已变得更加难以行使。总之,全球化、跨国贸易、文化和旅游只是挑战国家有效能力的一些因素。为了适应这些转变,主权国家加入或与其他国家共享,因为国家是欧盟等组织的主要参与者,因为它们的相互作用是如此复杂和激烈,以至于改变了它们的独立性。
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引用次数: 0
Modern methods of preventing crimes related to the excess of power or official authority in the system of law enforcement agencies 预防与执法机构系统中权力或官方权力过大有关的犯罪的现代方法
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.43
O. Horoshynskyi
The aim of the research was the examination of modern methods of crime prevention related to the excess of official power or authority in the law enforcement system. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as the main method of objective and comprehensive analysis. The results highlight that over the past eight years in Ukraine 391 judgments, 4258 decisions on procedural actions were made during the consideration of crimes under Article 365 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The study of the Unified State Register of Judicial Decisions shows that the largest number of verdicts was pronounced in 2014 - 78, in 2015 - 58, in 2016 - 50, in 2017 - 46, the smallest number in 2018 - 28, in 2019 twice as much in comparison with the previous year - 46, in 2020 - 38, in 2021 - 47. Everything allows to conclude that, measures to prevent crimes related to abuse of power should be comprehensive. In particular, they must be effectively correlated with the legislative framework of the state’s protection and prevention policy, which signify the essential basis of any substantive democracy.
研究的目的是审查与执法系统中的官方权力或权威过度有关的现代预防犯罪方法。研究的方法论基础是科学认识的辩证法,是客观综合分析的主要方法。结果突出表明,在过去八年中,乌克兰在审议《乌克兰刑法典》第365条规定的罪行时,作出了391项判决,4258项程序行动决定。对国家司法判决统一登记册的研究显示,2014年-78次、2015年-58次、2016年-50次、2017年-46次,2018年-28次是最小的,2019年是前一年的两倍-46次、2020年-38次、2021年-47次。一切都可以得出这样的结论:预防与滥用权力有关的犯罪的措施应该是全面的。特别是,它们必须与国家保护和预防政策的立法框架有效相关,这意味着任何实质性民主的基本基础。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives of civilizational political development of world regions in the context of current challenges and opportunities 当前挑战与机遇背景下世界各地区文明政治发展的视角
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.15
V. Nikitenko, V. Voronkova, R. Oleksenko, Larysa Filoretova, Liudmyla Lanoviuk, Viktoriia Khvist
The aim was to investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of civilization in the context of the challenges of modern global development, to analyze a new model of civilization, within which the basic problems of civilization and a solution to the consequences of development proposed by the civilizational process are outlined. The theme is the development of civilization of the world regions and the formation of a new strategy of the NATO Alliance. The methodology consists in the use of the synergetic method, agile methodology, political modeling, forecasting, which help to see the challenges and opportunities of the global development of modern civilization in a new way. As a result, a distinction was made between the concepts of civilization as a sociocultural phenomenon and culture as a measure of human development, because civilization is a set of political conditions that determines the development of a person and a society. The analysis of the problems of civilizational development of the world regions in the context of challenges and opportunities, the objective processes of modern development and the formation of a new concept of civilizational protection of the international society was carried out.
其目的是在现代全球发展挑战的背景下研究文明的理论和实践方面,分析一种新的文明模式,在这种模式中概述了文明的基本问题和文明进程所提出的发展后果的解决办法。主题是世界各地区文明的发展和北约联盟新战略的形成。方法论包括运用协同法、敏捷法、政治建模、预测等方法,以新的视角看待现代文明全球发展的挑战与机遇。因此,文明作为一种社会文化现象的概念和文化作为衡量人类发展的标准的概念之间作出了区分,因为文明是一套决定个人和社会发展的政治条件。分析了在挑战与机遇的背景下世界各地区文明发展的问题,现代发展的客观过程以及国际社会文明保护新理念的形成。
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引用次数: 2
Estados de excepción y la lucha contra las inmunidades del poder: COVID-19 en Ecuador 紧急状态和打击权力豁免的斗争:厄瓜多尔的COVID-19
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4176.39
Carlos Cedeño Cevallos
The general objective of the research consists of relating the states of exception with the doctrine of administrative law, exposed by García de Enterría (2016), called fight against the immunities of power, in order to conceptualize the decrees with force of law on states of exception; with special reference to the decrees with force of law on states of exception for public calamity pandemic COVID-19, issued by the President of the Republic of Ecuador throughout the national territory, during the period from March 17, 2020 to September 1, 2020. The methodology refers to the documentary research strategy, supported by the analytical method. It is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic puts at risk the existential conditions of the State: population, territory and government, due to the immediate spread of the coronavirus and the President of the Republic of Ecuador finds himself in the need to dictate acts of normative content, subject to internal - political and legal - and international control, containing measures of restriction and suspension of rights in a discretionary manner and with regulated elements, based on the principle of proportionality, called decrees with force of law on states of exception.
研究的总体目标包括将例外状态与García de Enterría(2016)所揭示的行政法理论(称为反对权力豁免的斗争)联系起来,以便概念化关于例外状态的具有法律效力的法令;特别提及厄瓜多尔共和国总统在2020年3月17日至2020年9月1日期间在全国发布的关于COVID-19公共灾难大流行例外状态的具有法律效力的法令。方法论是指文献研究策略,辅以分析方法。结论是,2019冠状病毒病大流行危及国家的生存条件:人口、领土和政府,由于冠状病毒的直接传播,厄瓜多尔共和国总统发现自己需要颁布具有规范性内容的行为,受国内-政治和法律-和国际控制,包含以酌情方式限制和暂停权利的措施,并根据相称性原则规定要素,称为对例外状态具有法律效力的法令。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Cuestiones Politicas
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