Pub Date : 2020-10-29DOI: 10.1163/1878464x-01103001
Umberto Bongianino
This article examines and contextualizes a small Quranic manuscript, copied in al-Andalus in 533/1138–1139, whose importance has so far gone unrecognized. Among its many interesting features are: its early date; its lavish illumination; its colophon and the information contained therein; its system of notation and textual division; its use of different calligraphic styles, including Maghribī thuluth; and a series of didactic notes written at the beginning and end of the codex. Presented in the appendix is an updated list of the extant Qurʾāns in Maghribī scripts dated to before 600/1203–1204, aimed at encouraging the digitization, publication, and comparative study of this still largely uncharted material. The advancement of scholarship on the arts of the book, the transmission of the Qurʾān, and the consumption of Quranic manuscripts in the Islamic West depends upon the analysis of these and many other surviving codices and fragments, related to Cod. arab. 4 of the Bavarian State Library and its context of production.
{"title":"A Rediscovered Almoravid Qurʾān in the Bavarian State Library, Munich (Cod. arab. 4)","authors":"Umberto Bongianino","doi":"10.1163/1878464x-01103001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01103001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines and contextualizes a small Quranic manuscript, copied in al-Andalus in 533/1138–1139, whose importance has so far gone unrecognized. Among its many interesting features are: its early date; its lavish illumination; its colophon and the information contained therein; its system of notation and textual division; its use of different calligraphic styles, including Maghribī thuluth; and a series of didactic notes written at the beginning and end of the codex. Presented in the appendix is an updated list of the extant Qurʾāns in Maghribī scripts dated to before 600/1203–1204, aimed at encouraging the digitization, publication, and comparative study of this still largely uncharted material. The advancement of scholarship on the arts of the book, the transmission of the Qurʾān, and the consumption of Quranic manuscripts in the Islamic West depends upon the analysis of these and many other surviving codices and fragments, related to Cod. arab. 4 of the Bavarian State Library and its context of production.","PeriodicalId":40893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Manuscripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47001169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.1163/1878464x-01101004
Tilman Seidensticker
This article is devoted to thirteen Arabic audience certificates (samāʿāt) that originate in Baghdad in the time from Rabīʿ I 486/April 1093 to Ṣafar 501/September–October 1107. The analysis presents the attending master, the chamberlain Ibn al-ʿAllāf (died 505/1111), and provides an overview of the heterogenous composition of the seven reading circles represented in the certificates. It scrutinizes the change of seating position in pairs of sessions and examines the three certificates that were copied to the Gotha manuscript from another manuscript of the same work by the 4th/10th century author al-Ḫarāʾiṭī. Furthermore, the identity and social position of the readers and writers are clarified as far as possible using external sources, and the way that partial attendance is dealt with by the writer and the attending master is elucidated. An index of names makes the persons mentioned in the texts as well as the biographical information presented in the article accessible. The edition of the Arabic text of all thirteen certificates attempts to make their structure visible by means of layout (indentation, coloured script).
{"title":"The Chamberlain’s Sessions","authors":"Tilman Seidensticker","doi":"10.1163/1878464x-01101004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01101004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article is devoted to thirteen Arabic audience certificates (samāʿāt) that originate in Baghdad in the time from Rabīʿ I 486/April 1093 to Ṣafar 501/September–October 1107. The analysis presents the attending master, the chamberlain Ibn al-ʿAllāf (died 505/1111), and provides an overview of the heterogenous composition of the seven reading circles represented in the certificates. It scrutinizes the change of seating position in pairs of sessions and examines the three certificates that were copied to the Gotha manuscript from another manuscript of the same work by the 4th/10th century author al-Ḫarāʾiṭī. Furthermore, the identity and social position of the readers and writers are clarified as far as possible using external sources, and the way that partial attendance is dealt with by the writer and the attending master is elucidated. An index of names makes the persons mentioned in the texts as well as the biographical information presented in the article accessible. The edition of the Arabic text of all thirteen certificates attempts to make their structure visible by means of layout (indentation, coloured script).","PeriodicalId":40893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Manuscripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1878464x-01101004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41302708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.1163/1878464x-01101006
د. سعيد الجوماني
الملخص
تناولت هذه الدراسة توضيح معاني ودلالات مصطلحات تكرر ظهورها في قيود السماعات والقراءات في المخطوطات العربية، وهي: مصطلح السماع حضوراً، ومصطلح السماع نقلاً/ أو منقولاً، ومصطلح السماع أصلاً، ومصطلح السماع أصلاً ونقلاً، ومصطلح إجازةً إن لم يكن سماعاً، ومصطلح القائمة وجمعها قوائم، ومصطلح وجهة. وبيَّنت أن بعض القيود المثبتة على النسخة تشكل عائلة واحدة، كل قيدٍ منها يُفضي إلى الآخر ويفسره. وأنَّ معرفة هذه المصطلحات تفتح باباً جديداً في دراسة المخطوطات العربية، وفي فهم سير الحركة الفكرية في القرون المتقدمة. كما أنها تُذكر للمرة الأولى.
{"title":"دلالات المصطلحات الواردة في مجالس السماع والقراءة في المخطوطات العربية","authors":"د. سعيد الجوماني","doi":"10.1163/1878464x-01101006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01101006","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>الملخص</h2><p>تناولت هذه الدراسة توضيح معاني ودلالات مصطلحات تكرر ظهورها في قيود السماعات والقراءات في المخطوطات العربية، وهي: مصطلح السماع حضوراً، ومصطلح السماع نقلاً/ أو منقولاً، ومصطلح السماع أصلاً، ومصطلح السماع أصلاً ونقلاً، ومصطلح إجازةً إن لم يكن سماعاً، ومصطلح القائمة وجمعها قوائم، ومصطلح وجهة. وبيَّنت أن بعض القيود المثبتة على النسخة تشكل عائلة واحدة، كل قيدٍ منها يُفضي إلى الآخر ويفسره. وأنَّ معرفة هذه المصطلحات تفتح باباً جديداً في دراسة المخطوطات العربية، وفي فهم سير الحركة الفكرية في القرون المتقدمة. كما أنها تُذكر للمرة الأولى.</p>","PeriodicalId":40893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Manuscripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.1163/1878464x-01101003
Yoshio Saitô
The so-called ‘Leiden Manuscript’, the collection of Turkic and Mongolic glossaries titled Kitāb Majmūʿ Turjumān Turkī wa-ʿAjamī wa-Muğalī wa-Fārsī, has a yet undeciphered inscription on f. 75b. In this article, the author identifies the script of the inscription as a type of Coptic cursive numerals called ḥurūf al-zimām, which was primarily in use in Egypt for accounting purposes. The consecutive numbers and multiples of 10 and 100 in the inscription may indicate that they were written for practicing numerical letters by someone who had nothing to do with the creation or the copying of the manuscript. The use of zimām numerals in the inscription indicates that the manuscript may have existed in Egypt, and this strengthens the theory advanced by M.Th. Houtsma that the manuscript was created there. Yemen is another possible place of origin of the manuscript due to the close relationship of the Rasūlid dynasty with the Mamlūk sultanate and the fact that some documents with zimām numerals have been found there.
{"title":"A Note on a Note","authors":"Yoshio Saitô","doi":"10.1163/1878464x-01101003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01101003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The so-called ‘Leiden Manuscript’, the collection of Turkic and Mongolic glossaries titled Kitāb Majmūʿ Turjumān Turkī wa-ʿAjamī wa-Muğalī wa-Fārsī, has a yet undeciphered inscription on f. 75b. In this article, the author identifies the script of the inscription as a type of Coptic cursive numerals called ḥurūf al-zimām, which was primarily in use in Egypt for accounting purposes. The consecutive numbers and multiples of 10 and 100 in the inscription may indicate that they were written for practicing numerical letters by someone who had nothing to do with the creation or the copying of the manuscript. The use of zimām numerals in the inscription indicates that the manuscript may have existed in Egypt, and this strengthens the theory advanced by M.Th. Houtsma that the manuscript was created there. Yemen is another possible place of origin of the manuscript due to the close relationship of the Rasūlid dynasty with the Mamlūk sultanate and the fact that some documents with zimām numerals have been found there.","PeriodicalId":40893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Manuscripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1878464x-01101003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44289830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1163/1878464x-01003002
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Codex Mashhad in the Āstān-i Quds Library (Mashhad), comprised of Manuscripts 18 and 4116, is possibly one of the most important documents for our understanding of developments in the early history of Qurʾānic text. The combination of all features of this codex as a whole is found in few copies of early Qurʾāns written in ḥijāzī style. Considering the text, the spelling rules, the variant readings, the orthographic peculiarities, and the arrangement of sūras, it may be concluded that the main part of this codex was transcribed in a very early period, probably in the first/seventh century. Yet, unlike other early Qurʾānic manuscripts, the whole Qurʾān in the initial status of Codex Mashhad has been transcribed based on the official ʿUthmānic version but according to Ibn Masʿūd’s arrangement of sūras.
{"title":"A New Document in the Early History of the Qurʾān","authors":"Morteza Karimi-Nia","doi":"10.1163/1878464x-01003002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01003002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Codex Mashhad in the Āstān-i Quds Library (Mashhad), comprised of Manuscripts 18 and 4116, is possibly one of the most important documents for our understanding of developments in the early history of Qurʾānic text. The combination of all features of this codex as a whole is found in few copies of early Qurʾāns written in ḥijāzī style. Considering the text, the spelling rules, the variant readings, the orthographic peculiarities, and the arrangement of sūras, it may be concluded that the main part of this codex was transcribed in a very early period, probably in the first/seventh century. Yet, unlike other early Qurʾānic manuscripts, the whole Qurʾān in the initial status of Codex Mashhad has been transcribed based on the official ʿUthmānic version but according to Ibn Masʿūd’s arrangement of sūras.","PeriodicalId":40893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic Manuscripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1878464x-01003002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47873048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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