Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501929
Michael S. Atkins, M. Menke
The authors have measured the head movements of patients during PET scans, using two cameras fixed above the bed. The cameras observe motion of infra-red reflectors attached to a mouthpiece attached to the patient's upper jaw by a tooth splint. The entire assembly is completely rigid, both for patients with dentures and for patients with their own teeth. Most patients were able to tolerate the extra inconvenience of the mouthpiece, although some refused to try it. The effects of head motion arise both in re-positioning the patient between scans (e.g. between a raclopride and a fluorodopa scan) and during the scans. Typically the authors measure uptake over a 30-minute period for raclopride, and during 10-minute intervals for fluorodopa. Patient repositioning errors of up to 7-10 mm were observed between scans, and even during a short 10-minute scan, the patients may slip 7-10 mm within their face masks. Experiences with measuring the motion are explored.
{"title":"Effects of head movements measured during PET scans","authors":"Michael S. Atkins, M. Menke","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501929","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have measured the head movements of patients during PET scans, using two cameras fixed above the bed. The cameras observe motion of infra-red reflectors attached to a mouthpiece attached to the patient's upper jaw by a tooth splint. The entire assembly is completely rigid, both for patients with dentures and for patients with their own teeth. Most patients were able to tolerate the extra inconvenience of the mouthpiece, although some refused to try it. The effects of head motion arise both in re-positioning the patient between scans (e.g. between a raclopride and a fluorodopa scan) and during the scans. Typically the authors measure uptake over a 30-minute period for raclopride, and during 10-minute intervals for fluorodopa. Patient repositioning errors of up to 7-10 mm were observed between scans, and even during a short 10-minute scan, the patients may slip 7-10 mm within their face masks. Experiences with measuring the motion are explored.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129153183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504238
M. Paulus, J. M. Rochelle, M. Andreaco, D. Binkley
The recent emergence of LSO as a potential scintillator for positron emission tomography (PET) and recent improvements in avalanche photodiode (APD) technology offer encouragement that an APD/LSO based PET detector may be commercially viable in the near future. An important component of any APD/LSO based PET detector will be the preamplifier used to read out the low-level detector signals. Due to the large number of detectors (>18,000) in a high-resolution PET scanner, the preamplifier must be implemented as a monolithic integrated circuit. Additionally, in order to achieve the timing resolution required for high resolution PET, the preamplifier must have a large band-width and a low equivalent input noise voltage. This paper presents a CMOS charge-sensitive preamplifier design which uses local feedback to improve the performance of the common gate transistor. The modified cascode circuit is analyzed and compared with a previously reported simple folded cascode circuit. A prototype circuit was fabricated in a 2 /spl mu/m NWELL CMOS process. The prototype amplifier has a measured 10-90% rise-time of 7 ns with an external input capacitance of /spl sim/6 pF and has an equivalent input noise voltage of /spl sim/1.1 nV/rt-Hz above the flicker noise corner. A pulse height resolution of 14.3% FWHM and a timing resolution of 1.57 ns FWHM (vs. plastic) were obtained with the preamplifier, an Advanced Photonix 5 mm diameter beveled-edge APD and 3.5/spl times/3.5/spl times/22 mm/sup 3/ Teflon wrapped LSO crystal.
{"title":"A low-noise, wide-band CMOS charge-sensitive preamplifier for use with APD/LSO PET detectors","authors":"M. Paulus, J. M. Rochelle, M. Andreaco, D. Binkley","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504238","url":null,"abstract":"The recent emergence of LSO as a potential scintillator for positron emission tomography (PET) and recent improvements in avalanche photodiode (APD) technology offer encouragement that an APD/LSO based PET detector may be commercially viable in the near future. An important component of any APD/LSO based PET detector will be the preamplifier used to read out the low-level detector signals. Due to the large number of detectors (>18,000) in a high-resolution PET scanner, the preamplifier must be implemented as a monolithic integrated circuit. Additionally, in order to achieve the timing resolution required for high resolution PET, the preamplifier must have a large band-width and a low equivalent input noise voltage. This paper presents a CMOS charge-sensitive preamplifier design which uses local feedback to improve the performance of the common gate transistor. The modified cascode circuit is analyzed and compared with a previously reported simple folded cascode circuit. A prototype circuit was fabricated in a 2 /spl mu/m NWELL CMOS process. The prototype amplifier has a measured 10-90% rise-time of 7 ns with an external input capacitance of /spl sim/6 pF and has an equivalent input noise voltage of /spl sim/1.1 nV/rt-Hz above the flicker noise corner. A pulse height resolution of 14.3% FWHM and a timing resolution of 1.57 ns FWHM (vs. plastic) were obtained with the preamplifier, an Advanced Photonix 5 mm diameter beveled-edge APD and 3.5/spl times/3.5/spl times/22 mm/sup 3/ Teflon wrapped LSO crystal.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129898946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504258
B. Hallgren, F. Bal, G. Barr, P. Buchholz, F. Formenti, W. Funk, Y. Kozhevnikov, A. Lacourt, G. Laverriere, M. Martini, A. Papi, P. Ponting, M. Sozzi, O. Vossnack, H. Wahl
This paper describes the issues encountered in the design of a large dynamic range digitizer for calorimetry. A gain switching technology developed for the liquid krypton calorimeter of the NA48 CP-violation experiment at CERN is described in detail. 14 bit dynamic range and better than 300 ps time resolution were achieved in beam tests with an 8 channel prototype. A mixed analog/digital ASIC has been developed. A 13500 channel system is being produced which will be put into operation in 1996.
{"title":"High rate large dynamic range analog circuitry and digitizers for fast calorimetry","authors":"B. Hallgren, F. Bal, G. Barr, P. Buchholz, F. Formenti, W. Funk, Y. Kozhevnikov, A. Lacourt, G. Laverriere, M. Martini, A. Papi, P. Ponting, M. Sozzi, O. Vossnack, H. Wahl","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504258","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the issues encountered in the design of a large dynamic range digitizer for calorimetry. A gain switching technology developed for the liquid krypton calorimeter of the NA48 CP-violation experiment at CERN is described in detail. 14 bit dynamic range and better than 300 ps time resolution were achieved in beam tests with an 8 channel prototype. A mixed analog/digital ASIC has been developed. A 13500 channel system is being produced which will be put into operation in 1996.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126993209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510489
Y. Weng, G. L. Zeng, G. Gullberg
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with cone-beam collimators provides improved sensitivity and spatial resolution for imaging small objects with large field-of-view detectors. It is known that Tuy's (1983) cone-beam data sufficiency condition must be met in order to obtain artifact-free reconstructions. Even though Tuy's condition was derived for attenuation-free situation, the authors hypothesize that an artifact-free reconstruction can be obtained even if the cone-beam data are attenuated, provided the imaging orbit satisfies Tuy's condition and the exact attenuation map. In the authors' studies, emission data are acquired using nonplanar orbit such as circle-and-line orbit to acquire sufficient data for cone-beam tomographic reconstruction. An iterative conjugate gradient reconstruction algorithm is used to reconstruct projection data with a pre-acquired attenuation map. Quantitative accuracy of the attenuation corrected emission reconstruction is significantly improved. The authors observe that the cone-beam iterative algorithms are very sensitive to the projection and backprojection models, because each voxel is sampled anisotropically. Sampling artifacts (i.e., aliasing artifacts) sometimes are very severe for non-planar orbit data acquisition geometries. Better voxel models and sampling geometries are required in further investigations.
{"title":"Iterative reconstruction with attenuation compensation from cone-beam projections acquired via non-planar orbit","authors":"Y. Weng, G. L. Zeng, G. Gullberg","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510489","url":null,"abstract":"Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with cone-beam collimators provides improved sensitivity and spatial resolution for imaging small objects with large field-of-view detectors. It is known that Tuy's (1983) cone-beam data sufficiency condition must be met in order to obtain artifact-free reconstructions. Even though Tuy's condition was derived for attenuation-free situation, the authors hypothesize that an artifact-free reconstruction can be obtained even if the cone-beam data are attenuated, provided the imaging orbit satisfies Tuy's condition and the exact attenuation map. In the authors' studies, emission data are acquired using nonplanar orbit such as circle-and-line orbit to acquire sufficient data for cone-beam tomographic reconstruction. An iterative conjugate gradient reconstruction algorithm is used to reconstruct projection data with a pre-acquired attenuation map. Quantitative accuracy of the attenuation corrected emission reconstruction is significantly improved. The authors observe that the cone-beam iterative algorithms are very sensitive to the projection and backprojection models, because each voxel is sampled anisotropically. Sampling artifacts (i.e., aliasing artifacts) sometimes are very severe for non-planar orbit data acquisition geometries. Better voxel models and sampling geometries are required in further investigations.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114019973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504270
L. Bagby, M. Johnson, R. Lipton, W. Gu
AC coupled silicon detectors, being used for the D/spl phi/ upgrade, may have substantial voltage across the coupling capacitor. Failed capacitors can present /spl sim/50 V to the input of the SVX, Silicon Vertex, device. We measured the effects that failed detector coupling capacitors have on the SVXD (rad soft 3 /spl mu/m), SVXH (rad hard 1.2 /spl mu/m), and SVXIIb (rad soft 1.2 /spl mu/m) amplifier/readout devices. The test results show that neighboring channels saturate when an excessive voltage is applied directly to a SVX channel. We believe that the effects are due to current diffusion within the SVX substrate rather than surface currents on the detectors. This paper discusses the magnitude of the saturation and a possible solution to the problem.
{"title":"SVX/silicon detector studies","authors":"L. Bagby, M. Johnson, R. Lipton, W. Gu","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504270","url":null,"abstract":"AC coupled silicon detectors, being used for the D/spl phi/ upgrade, may have substantial voltage across the coupling capacitor. Failed capacitors can present /spl sim/50 V to the input of the SVX, Silicon Vertex, device. We measured the effects that failed detector coupling capacitors have on the SVXD (rad soft 3 /spl mu/m), SVXH (rad hard 1.2 /spl mu/m), and SVXIIb (rad soft 1.2 /spl mu/m) amplifier/readout devices. The test results show that neighboring channels saturate when an excessive voltage is applied directly to a SVX channel. We believe that the effects are due to current diffusion within the SVX substrate rather than surface currents on the detectors. This paper discusses the magnitude of the saturation and a possible solution to the problem.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114730848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.500310
E. Inoue, K. Ogawa
The authors analyse trabecular patterns which appear in the X-ray bone images using fractal geometry. The trabecular structures contain the information about the bone strength or the inner minerals. Fractal dimensions are useful for analyzing of these trabecular structures because they can express complex patterns quantitatively. The authors calculated the fractal dimensions of the trabecular structures by using the surface area method which treats the structures as a three-dimensional "mountain". More precisely, the method uses the surface areas of the structures and the basis rulers. To study the relationship between a fractal dimension and patient's age or diseases, the authors used 38 radiographic images in which the trabecular structures appeared. As a result, the authors found that the fractal dimension of the trabecular bone structure was related to the age of the patients.
{"title":"Analysis of trabecular patterns using fractal dimensions","authors":"E. Inoue, K. Ogawa","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.500310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.500310","url":null,"abstract":"The authors analyse trabecular patterns which appear in the X-ray bone images using fractal geometry. The trabecular structures contain the information about the bone strength or the inner minerals. Fractal dimensions are useful for analyzing of these trabecular structures because they can express complex patterns quantitatively. The authors calculated the fractal dimensions of the trabecular structures by using the surface area method which treats the structures as a three-dimensional \"mountain\". More precisely, the method uses the surface areas of the structures and the basis rulers. To study the relationship between a fractal dimension and patient's age or diseases, the authors used 38 radiographic images in which the trabecular structures appeared. As a result, the authors found that the fractal dimension of the trabecular bone structure was related to the age of the patients.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126319301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504183
P. Rachinhas, T. Dias, F. Santos, A. Stauffer, C. Conde
The energy resolution, R, of xenon filled cylindrical proportional counters is investigated experimentally for 5.9 keV X-rays and 10 and 47.5 /spl mu/m anode wires, and calculated theoretically using a Monte Carlo simulation technique based on first principles with no adjustable parameters. The gas multiplication factor, M, is also measured experimentally and calculated using the same Monte Carlo technique. Good agreement is in general found between the experimental and the calculated values for R and M. It is shown that better energy resolutions are achieved for the thinner anode wire. The Monte Carlo results for R are expressed in terms of a parameter that characterizes the statistical fluctuations in the number of electrons in single-electron initiated avalanches, the parameter f. These calculations have given evidence that f depends mainly on the critical reduced electric field, S/sub 0/, at the onset of multiplication.
{"title":"Energy resolution of xenon proportional counters: Monte Carlo and experimental results for 5.9 keV X-rays","authors":"P. Rachinhas, T. Dias, F. Santos, A. Stauffer, C. Conde","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.504183","url":null,"abstract":"The energy resolution, R, of xenon filled cylindrical proportional counters is investigated experimentally for 5.9 keV X-rays and 10 and 47.5 /spl mu/m anode wires, and calculated theoretically using a Monte Carlo simulation technique based on first principles with no adjustable parameters. The gas multiplication factor, M, is also measured experimentally and calculated using the same Monte Carlo technique. Good agreement is in general found between the experimental and the calculated values for R and M. It is shown that better energy resolutions are achieved for the thinner anode wire. The Monte Carlo results for R are expressed in terms of a parameter that characterizes the statistical fluctuations in the number of electrons in single-electron initiated avalanches, the parameter f. These calculations have given evidence that f depends mainly on the critical reduced electric field, S/sub 0/, at the onset of multiplication.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125430132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510398
L. Gadeken, W. Madigan
The Department of Energy sponsored an Expedited Site Characterization study performed by Ames Laboratory at the St. Louis (Missouri) Airport Site during August-September, 1994. Uranium processing occurred there during the Cold War and significant residual radioactive contamination now exists on site. This paper reports on continuous gamma ray spectroscopy measurements to identify the emitting isotopes and to quantify the amount of radioactivity present for each. An oilfield wireline gamma ray spectrometry-sonde (the Compensated Spectral Natural Gamma instrument) was adapted to perform horizontal measurements with the detector section 3 ft above the soil surface. The results of the gamma ray spectroscopy measurements will be discussed.
{"title":"Surface horizontal logging for radon at a Superfund site","authors":"L. Gadeken, W. Madigan","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510398","url":null,"abstract":"The Department of Energy sponsored an Expedited Site Characterization study performed by Ames Laboratory at the St. Louis (Missouri) Airport Site during August-September, 1994. Uranium processing occurred there during the Cold War and significant residual radioactive contamination now exists on site. This paper reports on continuous gamma ray spectroscopy measurements to identify the emitting isotopes and to quantify the amount of radioactivity present for each. An oilfield wireline gamma ray spectrometry-sonde (the Compensated Spectral Natural Gamma instrument) was adapted to perform horizontal measurements with the detector section 3 ft above the soil surface. The results of the gamma ray spectroscopy measurements will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127929417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510422
A. Welch, R. Clack, G. Gullberg, F. Natterer
The current trend in attenuation correction for SPECT is to measure and reconstruct the attenuation coefficient map using a transmission scan, performed either sequentially or simultaneously with the emission scan. This approach requires dedicated hardware and increases the cost (and in some cases the scanning time) required to produce a clinical SPECT image. Furthermore, if short focal length fan-beam collimators are used for transmission imaging, the projection data may be truncated, leading to errors in the attenuation coefficient map. Our goal is to obtain information about the attenuation distribution from only the measured emission data by exploiting the fact that only certain attenuation distributions are consistent with a given emission dataset. Ultimately this consistency information will either be used directly to compensate for attenuation or combined with the incomplete information from fan-beam transmission measurements to produce a more accurate attenuation coefficient map. The simulations and phantom studies performed in this investigation show that, in certain circumstances, the consistency conditions of the SPECT data can be used to produce an accurate estimate of the attenuation map without performing any transmission measurements.
{"title":"Accurate attenuation correction in SPECT without transmission measurements","authors":"A. Welch, R. Clack, G. Gullberg, F. Natterer","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.510422","url":null,"abstract":"The current trend in attenuation correction for SPECT is to measure and reconstruct the attenuation coefficient map using a transmission scan, performed either sequentially or simultaneously with the emission scan. This approach requires dedicated hardware and increases the cost (and in some cases the scanning time) required to produce a clinical SPECT image. Furthermore, if short focal length fan-beam collimators are used for transmission imaging, the projection data may be truncated, leading to errors in the attenuation coefficient map. Our goal is to obtain information about the attenuation distribution from only the measured emission data by exploiting the fact that only certain attenuation distributions are consistent with a given emission dataset. Ultimately this consistency information will either be used directly to compensate for attenuation or combined with the incomplete information from fan-beam transmission measurements to produce a more accurate attenuation coefficient map. The simulations and phantom studies performed in this investigation show that, in certain circumstances, the consistency conditions of the SPECT data can be used to produce an accurate estimate of the attenuation map without performing any transmission measurements.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127979324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-10-21DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501917
M. Wernick, G. Wang, C. Kao, J. Yap, J. Mukherjee, M. Cooper, C. Chen
In PET, SPECT, and other tomographic imaging modalities, dynamic image sequences are typically obtained by reconstructing the individual time frames independently. This frame-by-frame reconstruction approach can be highly suboptimal because it fails to take into account the temporal correlations in the signal. The authors propose an alternative approach, based on a Karhunen-Loeve transformation of the dynamic-image reconstruction problem, that can offer both significant improvement of the reconstructed images and a substantial reduction in the computation required to reconstruct an image sequence.
{"title":"An image reconstruction method for dynamic PET","authors":"M. Wernick, G. Wang, C. Kao, J. Yap, J. Mukherjee, M. Cooper, C. Chen","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501917","url":null,"abstract":"In PET, SPECT, and other tomographic imaging modalities, dynamic image sequences are typically obtained by reconstructing the individual time frames independently. This frame-by-frame reconstruction approach can be highly suboptimal because it fails to take into account the temporal correlations in the signal. The authors propose an alternative approach, based on a Karhunen-Loeve transformation of the dynamic-image reconstruction problem, that can offer both significant improvement of the reconstructed images and a substantial reduction in the computation required to reconstruct an image sequence.","PeriodicalId":409998,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121705488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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