Progress in Polymer Science最新文献_第4页

Ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides: An efficient approach toward peptides, peptoids, and functional materials n -羧基氢化物开环聚合：多肽、类肽和功能材料的有效途径

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102013

Pengyu Song , Jiachen Lv , Chun Yang , Qianxi Gu , Shangning Liu , Yuanzu Zhang , Wenli Wang , Yunqing Zhu , Jianzhong Du

Polypeptides, as one of the most remarkable biomacromolecules in nature, possess immense application potential due to their protein-mimetic architectures. Since the discovery of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomers in the early 20th century, these cyclic derivatives have revolutionized polypeptide synthesis by overcoming the inherent challenges in amino acid polycondensation. NCA remains an active research frontier in polymer science and materials engineering. In this review we critically summarize recent advances in NCA-based polymerization strategies. We first highlight ring-opening polymerization approaches, followed by an in-depth discussion on copolymerization systems with emphasis on monomer compatibility. As molecular assembly serves as the critical bridge connecting polymer synthesis to functional applications, we subsequently analyze various self-assembly mechanisms of NCA-derived polypeptides, with a focus on elucidating the driving forces underlying different supramolecular architectures. Furthermore, we comprehensively overview the emerging functional applications of these polypeptide materials across biomedical and nanotechnology domains. We critically analyze persistent challenges while charting emergent research frontiers in this field. This review not only consolidates the recent progress in NCA polymerization but also provides mechanistic insights into molecular assembly and a roadmap for advancing functional polypeptide materials in next-generation applications.

多肽作为自然界中最引人注目的生物大分子之一，由于其具有类似蛋白质的结构，具有巨大的应用潜力。自20世纪初发现n -羧基氢化物（NCA）单体以来，这些环状衍生物克服了氨基酸缩聚的固有挑战，彻底改变了多肽合成。NCA在高分子科学和材料工程领域一直是一个活跃的研究前沿。在这篇综述中，我们批判性地总结了nca基聚合策略的最新进展。我们首先强调开环聚合方法，然后深入讨论共聚体系，重点是单体相容性。由于分子组装是连接聚合物合成与功能应用的关键桥梁，我们随后分析了nca衍生多肽的各种自组装机制，重点阐明了不同超分子结构背后的驱动力。此外，我们全面概述了这些多肽材料在生物医学和纳米技术领域的新兴功能应用。我们批判性地分析持续的挑战，同时绘制该领域的新兴研究前沿。本文不仅综述了NCA聚合的最新进展，而且为分子组装提供了机制见解，并为推进下一代功能多肽材料的应用提供了路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical structure design for eco-friendly dielectric polymer materials 环保介质高分子材料的化学结构设计

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102014

Baoquan Wan , Jun-Wei Zha , Zhi-Min Dang

Environmentally friendly dielectric polymer materials that can subjectively adapt to environmental changes and self-restore mechanical and electrical insulation properties continue to emerge. These adaptive systems are expected to revolutionize the development of smart grids, power electronic systems, and other fields. We will present a new trend emerging in environmentally friendly dielectric design that utilizes reversible chemistry (both non-covalent and covalent) to control reactions originating at the most fundamental (molecular) level. Dielectrics designed with this molecular structure will be able to heal or recycle themselves on a macroscopic scale as a result of changes in the molecular structure of the material (i.e., rearrangement or reorganization of polymer components or aggregates). However, the ability to design the molecular structure and ensure the original excellent properties of the dielectric is of interest to researchers. This review will summarize the challenges and opportunities in chemical structure modification with respect to the needs of dielectric application scenarios and specific examples. Furthermore, it will guide the design and preparation of environmentally friendly dielectrics and promote the development of interdisciplinary research between high-voltage insulation technology and polymer chemistry.

能够主观上适应环境变化、自我恢复机电绝缘性能的环保型介电高分子材料不断涌现。这些自适应系统有望彻底改变智能电网、电力电子系统和其他领域的发展。我们将介绍环保电介质设计的新趋势，该设计利用可逆化学（非共价和共价）来控制源自最基本（分子）水平的反应。用这种分子结构设计的电介质将能够在宏观尺度上自我修复或再循环，因为材料的分子结构发生了变化（即聚合物组分或聚集体的重排或重组）。然而，设计分子结构并保证电介质原有优异性能的能力是研究人员感兴趣的问题。本文将根据电介质应用场景的需要和具体实例，总结化学结构改性的挑战和机遇。指导环境友好型介电材料的设计和制备，促进高压绝缘技术与高分子化学交叉研究的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Research progress on conjugated carbonyl polymer electrodes for organic lithium batteries 有机锂电池共轭羰基聚合物电极研究进展

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102012

Xi Chen, Jiahao Yao, Yong Lu, Yixin Li, Zhenhua Yan, Kai Zhang, Jun Chen

Conjugated carbonyl polymers (CCPs) have emerged as a promising class of organic electrode materials for high-performance organic lithium batteries, offering unique advantages such as structural versatility, tunable electrochemical properties, sustainability, and high theoretical capacity. These materials address key limitations of traditional inorganic electrodes, including resource scarcity and environmental concerns. Their conjugated π-systems enhance electron transport, and polymerised structures improve anti-dissolution and thermal stability. However, challenges such as low conductivity, limited carbonyl utilization, high synthesis costs, and compatibility issues with existing battery systems hinder their practical application. This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress of CCPs in organic lithium batteries, focusing on strategies to optimize their structure and performance through molecular engineering, morphology control, composite synthesis, and electrode fabrication. It analyzes the fundamental relationships between molecular structure, electrochemical performance, and practical applicability, highlighting advancements in enhancing conductivity, cycle stability, and rate capability. Furthermore, the review discusses current challenges, including cost reduction of synthesis, improvement of structural stability, and optimisation of interfaces, alongside potential solutions and future research directions. By integrating insights from computational simulations, experimental studies, and practical application considerations, this work underscores the potential of CCPs to advance next-generation high-energy-density, sustainable organic lithium batteries, paving the way for their broader adoption in energy storage technologies.

共轭羰基聚合物（CCPs）已成为高性能有机锂电池的有机电极材料，具有结构通用性、电化学性能可调、可持续性和高理论容量等独特优势。这些材料解决了传统无机电极的主要局限性，包括资源稀缺和环境问题。它们的共轭π体系增强了电子传递，聚合结构提高了抗溶解性和热稳定性。然而，诸如低导电性、有限的羰基利用率、高合成成本以及与现有电池系统的兼容性问题等挑战阻碍了它们的实际应用。本文综述了CCPs在有机锂电池中的研究进展，重点介绍了从分子工程、形态控制、复合材料合成和电极制备等方面优化CCPs结构和性能的策略。它分析了分子结构、电化学性能和实际适用性之间的基本关系，重点介绍了在提高电导率、循环稳定性和速率能力方面的进展。此外，本文还讨论了当前面临的挑战，包括降低合成成本、提高结构稳定性和优化界面，以及潜在的解决方案和未来的研究方向。通过整合计算模拟、实验研究和实际应用考虑的见解，这项工作强调了ccp在推进下一代高能量密度、可持续有机锂电池方面的潜力，为其在储能技术中的广泛应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Polymeric thermogels: Fundamentals and strategies for their rational design 高分子热凝胶：合理设计的基础和策略

IF 27.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102004

Jun Jie Chang, Qianyu Lin, Nicholas Ong, Joey Wong Hui Min, Valerie Ow, Belynn Sim, Cally Owh, Rubayn Goh, Jason Y.C. Lim, Xian Jun Loh

Thermogels are promising biomaterials with the ability to attain temperature-induced sol-gel transitions. This property enables their injectability, facilitating minimally invasive administration for a range of biomedical applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering and wound healing. However, their assembly via physical crosslinks often result in weaker mechanical properties when compared to covalent hydrogels. Over the years, the development of more sophisticated thermogels by leveraging past insights and incorporating novel synthetic and fabrication techniques has successfully resulted in a wide variety of thermogels with a range of physicochemical properties. This has enabled the precise control over the physical and chemical characteristics of thermogels, allowing their customization for various applications through rational design. This review categorizes the desirable qualities of thermogels into key physical and biochemical properties, highlighting their importance in performance optimization. Then, it explores the various strategies and approaches that have been used by research groups to precisely tailor thermogel properties, discussing the insights gained from these results. Finally, the review provides a perspective on the future of thermogel development. Collectively, the insights provided herein will guide rational and targeted design of thermogel properties that serve emerging biomedical applications and beyond.

热凝胶是一种很有前途的生物材料，具有实现温度诱导的溶胶-凝胶转变的能力。这种特性使其具有可注射性，促进了一系列生物医学应用的微创管理，包括药物输送，组织工程和伤口愈合。然而，与共价水凝胶相比，它们通过物理交联组装通常会导致较弱的机械性能。多年来，通过利用过去的见解并结合新颖的合成和制造技术，开发出更复杂的热凝胶，成功地产生了各种具有一系列物理化学性质的热凝胶。这使得对热凝胶的物理和化学特性的精确控制成为可能，允许通过合理的设计来定制各种应用。本文将热凝胶的理想品质分为关键的物理和生化性能，强调了它们在性能优化中的重要性。然后，它探讨了研究小组用来精确定制热凝胶特性的各种策略和方法，讨论了从这些结果中获得的见解。最后，对热凝胶的发展前景进行了展望。总之，本文提供的见解将指导热凝胶性能的合理和有针对性的设计，为新兴的生物医学应用及其他领域提供服务。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical recycling of nitrogen containing polymers: processes and industrial prospects 含氮聚合物的化学回收：工艺与工业前景

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102002

Sofie Houben , Marta Mestre Membrado , Lander Van Belleghem , Ion Olazabal , Niels Van Velthoven , Karolien Vanbroekhoven , Haritz Sardon , Dirk De Vos , Elias Feghali , Kathy Elst

Nitrogen containing polymers (NCPs), particularly polyurethanes (PU) and polyamides (PA), play a crucial role in a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, leading to exponential growth in recent years. The production of both polymers relies primarily on fossil-fuel-derived monomers and lacks sustainable waste disposal solutions. To reduce fossil-fuel dependency, scaling up chemical recycling to an industrial scale is essential. Various systems have been developed at a lab scale, nevertheless, progress toward industrial-scale implementation remains scarce. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the main chemical recycling approaches. Systems already operating at an industrial scale are reviewed separately and a general comparison of all techniques is made for each polymer. Beyond technical aspects, this review highlights broader challenges, including concerns with economic feasibility, regulatory constraints related to handling toxic compounds, and logistical challenges in waste collection. The future perspective gives an update on the state-of-the-art of chemical recycling and outlines the current limitations toward a fully circular economy for the two major NCPs.

含氮聚合物（ncp），特别是聚氨酯（PU）和聚酰胺（PA），在广泛的工业和消费应用中发挥着至关重要的作用，导致近年来呈指数级增长。这两种聚合物的生产主要依赖于化石燃料衍生的单体，缺乏可持续的废物处理解决方案。为了减少对化石燃料的依赖，将化学回收扩大到工业规模是必不可少的。各种系统已经在实验室规模上开发出来，然而，向工业规模实施的进展仍然很少。本文综述了主要的化学回收方法。已经在工业规模上运行的系统分别进行了审查，并对每种聚合物的所有技术进行了一般比较。除了技术方面，本审查还强调了更广泛的挑战，包括对经济可行性的关注、与处理有毒化合物有关的监管限制以及废物收集方面的后勤挑战。未来展望提供了最新的化学品回收技术，并概述了目前两个主要国家实现完全循环经济的限制。

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引用次数: 0

Polymer Chain-End Chemistry: Unlocking Next-Generation Functional Materials 聚合物链端化学：解锁下一代功能材料

IF 27.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102003

Hojun Lee, Yeonji Lee, Namjun Kim, Moon Jeong Park

End-group functionalization has emerged as a powerful and versatile strategy in polymer science, offering precise control over physical properties, nanoscale self-assembly, and interfacial functionality without altering the polymer backbone. This review summarizes recent progress in the chemistry and applications of end-functionalized polymers across three thematic domains. First, we examine how tailored end groups influence intrinsic polymer properties, including thermal transitions, solubility, crystallization behaviors, and interfacial adhesion. Second, we explore the role of end-group interactions in directing polymer self-assembly, emphasizing their ability to modulate chain packing, interfacial curvature, and phase behavior in block copolymer systems, particularly in the formation of complex network morphologies. Third, we highlight the growing technological relevance of end-functionalized polymers with network morphologies in emerging applications such as solid-state battery electrolytes, mechanical metamaterials, and optical metamaterials. In polymer electrolytes, ion–dipole interactions localized at the chain termini decouple ion transport from segmental motion, yielding high ionic conductivity and low activation energy at low salt concentrations. In mechanical metamaterials, end-group-directed 3D networks enhance structural resilience and tunable deformation behavior. In optical metamaterials, metal-end-functionalized block copolymers could serve as nanoscale templates for the bottom-up fabrication of high-refractive-index architectures via metal–ligand coordination, tackling the resolution limits of top-down lithography. Collectively, these advances underscore the transformative potential of end-group chemistry for next-generation polymer materials.

端基功能化已经成为聚合物科学中一种强大而通用的策略，在不改变聚合物主链的情况下，提供对物理性质、纳米级自组装和界面功能的精确控制。本文综述了端功能化聚合物在三个领域的化学和应用方面的最新进展。首先，我们研究了定制的端基如何影响聚合物的固有性质，包括热转变、溶解度、结晶行为和界面粘附。其次，我们探索了端基相互作用在指导聚合物自组装中的作用，强调了它们在嵌段共聚物体系中调节链填充、界面曲率和相行为的能力，特别是在复杂网络形态的形成中。第三，我们强调了端功能化聚合物与网络形态在新兴应用中的技术相关性，如固态电池电解质、机械超材料和光学超材料。在聚合物电解质中，位于链末端的离子偶极子相互作用使离子传输与节段运动分离，在低盐浓度下产生高离子电导率和低活化能。在机械超材料中，端基定向三维网络增强了结构弹性和可调变形行为。在光学超材料中，金属端功能化嵌段共聚物可以作为纳米级模板，通过金属配体配位自下而上地制造高折射率结构，解决了自上而下光刻的分辨率限制。总的来说，这些进步强调了端基化学在下一代聚合物材料中的变革潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Processing–Structure–Property–Performance relationships of polymer composites for untethered magnetic robotics 无系留磁性机器人用聚合物复合材料的加工-结构-性能-性能关系

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.102005

Sukyoung Won , Kijun Yang , Jeong Jae Wie

Miniaturized magnetic robots can be wirelessly maneuvered into hard-to-reach regions beyond the limits of manual control, enabling diverse functionalities such as drug delivery, microfluidic control, cargo transportation, ultraprecision polishing, and microplastic removal. From the perspective of mechanical engineering, robot locomotion has been extensively discussed in previous reviews. However, targeted and high-precision actuation requires multidisciplinary understanding from the perspective of polymer and materials science, which remains insufficiently covered in earlier reviews. This review aims to elucidate processing–structure–property–performance relationships in recent magnetically responsive polymer composites (i.e., magnetic polymer composites) for magnetic robot actuation. We address processing strategies and underlying rationales for magnetic polymer composites by considering magnetic properties of magnetic fillers and thermal processability of polymer matrices. Locomotion of millimeter-to-nanometer scale robots is discussed based on comprehensive understanding of processing, structure, properties, and actuation of magnetic polymer composites. This review offers insights required to advance magnetic robotics, paving the way for future miniaturized actuators and robots with diverse biomedical, environmental, industrial, and interdisciplinary functions.

微型磁性机器人可以无线操纵到超出手动控制范围的难以到达的区域，实现多种功能，如药物输送，微流体控制，货物运输，超精密抛光和微塑料去除。从机械工程的角度来看，机器人运动在之前的综述中已经得到了广泛的讨论。然而，从聚合物和材料科学的角度来看，有针对性的、高精度的驱动需要多学科的理解，这在早期的综述中仍然没有得到充分的覆盖。本文综述了近年来用于磁性机器人驱动的磁响应聚合物复合材料（即磁性聚合物复合材料）的加工-结构-性能-性能关系。通过考虑磁性填料的磁性和聚合物基体的热加工性，我们讨论了磁性聚合物复合材料的加工策略和基本原理。在全面了解磁性聚合物复合材料的加工、结构、性能和驱动的基础上，讨论了毫米至纳米级机器人的运动问题。这篇综述提供了推进磁性机器人所需的见解，为未来具有多种生物医学、环境、工业和跨学科功能的小型化驱动器和机器人铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Ionic polymers for bioelectronics 用于生物电子学的离子聚合物

IF 26 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.101994

Ilaria Abdel Aziz , David Mecerreyes

In the last decades, ionic polymers have been used as key materials for energy applications as solid polymer electrolytes, binders and ionomers in devices such as batteries, electrolyzers and fuel cells. More recently, ionic polymers are becoming enabling materials also in bioelectronics for new biomedical technologies. This review aims to collect and discuss the recent advances in polymer design, synthesis and characterization of ionic polymers for bioelectronic devices. The review includes the ionic polymer families that are being developed, such as poly(ionic liquid)s and poly(eutectic solvents), as well as ionic gel families such as hydrogels, ionogels and eutectogels. Polymers and gels from purely ionic conductors to mixed ionic electronic conducting polymers will be discussed. We delve into structure-ion conductivity relationships and outline current and possible applications of such novel conductive materials. These ionic polymers are central to the development of fundamental bioelectronic devices such as organic electrochemical transistors, amperometric detectors, controlled-release devices, and even disruptive neuromorphic computing.

在过去的几十年里，离子聚合物作为固体聚合物电解质、粘合剂和离子聚合物在电池、电解槽和燃料电池等设备中被用作能源应用的关键材料。最近，离子聚合物也成为生物电子学中用于新生物医学技术的使能材料。本文综述了近年来用于生物电子器件的离子聚合物的设计、合成和表征方面的研究进展。综述了目前正在发展的离子聚合物家族，如聚（离子液体）和聚（共晶溶剂），以及离子凝胶家族，如水凝胶、离子凝胶和共凝胶。将讨论从纯离子导体到混合离子电子导电聚合物的聚合物和凝胶。我们深入研究了结构-离子电导率关系，并概述了这种新型导电材料的当前和可能的应用。这些离子聚合物是基础生物电子器件发展的核心，如有机电化学晶体管、安培检测器、控制释放装置，甚至是破坏性神经形态计算。

引用次数: 0

A decade of innovation: Synthesis, properties and applications of PLA copolymers 创新的十年：聚乳酸共聚物的合成、性能和应用

IF 26.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.101991

Zoi Terzopoulou , Alexandra Zamboulis , Nikolaos D. Bikiaris , Eleftheria Xanthopoulou , Rafail O. Ioannidis , Dimitrios N. Bikiaris

Over the past decade, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) copolymers have emerged as a versatile class of materials, offering enhanced properties and broader application potential compared to neat PLA. As the leading biobased plastic, PLA has high strength, good processability, and industrial compostability; however, its brittleness, limited thermal stability, and slow (bio)degradation under ambient conditions hinder its widespread adoption in advanced applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of PLA-based copolymers, excluding PLA stereoisomers and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), focusing on their synthesis, structure-property relationships, and potential uses. Copolymerization strategies—including ring-opening polymerization (ROP), polycondensation, and controlled radical polymerization—enable precise control over PLA’s mechanical, thermal, and degradation characteristics. The incorporation of diverse comonomers, such as lactones, diacids, diols, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and naturally derived polymers, has led to copolymers with tuneable properties suited for packaging, textiles, biomedical applications, and sustainable materials engineering. Advances in block, random, and graft copolymer architectures further expand PLA's functionality, enabling the design of high-performance biobased materials. By summarizing recent findings, this review highlights how tailored PLA copolymers are shaping the future of sustainable polymers.

在过去的十年中，聚乳酸（PLA）共聚物已经成为一种多用途的材料，与纯PLA相比，具有增强的性能和更广泛的应用潜力。作为领先的生物基塑料，PLA具有高强度、高加工性和工业可堆肥性；然而，它的脆性、有限的热稳定性和在环境条件下缓慢的（生物）降解阻碍了它在高级应用中的广泛采用。本文综述了聚乳酸基共聚物（不包括聚乳酸立体异构体和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸）（PLGA），重点介绍了它们的合成、结构-性能关系和潜在用途。共聚策略-包括开环聚合（ROP），缩聚和可控自由基聚合-可以精确控制PLA的机械，热和降解特性。不同共聚单体的结合，如内酯、二酸、二醇、聚乙二醇（PEG）和天然衍生聚合物，导致共聚物具有可调节的性能，适用于包装、纺织品、生物医学应用和可持续材料工程。嵌段、随机和接枝共聚物结构的进步进一步扩展了PLA的功能，使高性能生物基材料的设计成为可能。通过总结最近的发现，这项工作强调了定制PLA共聚物如何塑造可持续聚合物的未来。

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引用次数: 0

Discreteness and dispersity in the design of polymeric materials 高分子材料设计中的离散性与分散性

IF 26 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Progress in Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2025.101992

Alessio Lo Bocchiaro, Carlos Pavón, Francesca Lorandi, Edmondo M. Benetti

Nature produces macromolecules with discrete molar mass and precise composition, both of which are essential for ensuring structural control, distinctive properties, and specific functions. However, in some cases, bioderived components are heterogeneous in size, and this plays a crucial role in defining their physicochemical characteristics. In a similar way, polymer scientists have been striving to develop robust synthetic protocols to access macromolecules with homogeneous composition and discrete molar mass. Simultaneously, significant advances in controlled polymerization techniques have enabled the precise regulation of chain length heterogeneity, or dispersity (Đ), across a wide range of values. Achieving perfectly monodisperse polymers is not only a remarkable synthetic achievement but also provides fundamental building blocks for new classes of polymeric materials. These materials could be either free of defects or exhibit properties that are precisely tunable in a quantized manner. On the other hand, obtaining polymer samples with controlled dispersity provides an additional tuning parameter for the physicochemical properties of a variety of materials formulations. By leveraging macromolecular discreteness and fine-tuning polymer dispersity, we have expanded the toolbox for designing advanced “soft” materials. Block copolymers with discrete segment lengths or controlled dispersity can be used to create novel nanostructured materials. Stimuli-responsive polymeric systems can be engineered to precisely adjust their physical transitions while maintaining a constant chemical composition. In addition, tailoring polymer dispersity during the fabrication of gels and brush coatings enhances the ability to fine-tune their physicochemical properties, further broadening their potential applications.

大自然产生的大分子具有离散的摩尔质量和精确的组成，这两者对于确保结构控制、独特性质和特定功能都是必不可少的。然而，在某些情况下，生物衍生成分在尺寸上是不均匀的，这在确定其物理化学特性方面起着至关重要的作用。类似地，聚合物科学家一直在努力开发强大的合成方案，以获得具有均匀组成和离散摩尔质量的大分子。同时，控制聚合技术的重大进展已经能够精确调节链长非均质性或分散性（Đ），范围很广。实现完美的单分散聚合物不仅是一项了不起的合成成就，而且为新型聚合物材料提供了基本的构建模块。这些材料要么没有缺陷，要么表现出以量子化方式精确可调的特性。另一方面，获得分散可控的聚合物样品为各种材料配方的物理化学性质提供了额外的调整参数。通过利用大分子的离散性和微调聚合物的分散性，我们已经扩展了设计先进“软”材料的工具箱。具有离散段长度或控制分散性的嵌段共聚物可用于制造新型纳米结构材料。刺激响应聚合物系统可以设计成精确地调整其物理转变，同时保持恒定的化学成分。此外，在凝胶和刷刷涂层的制造过程中，调整聚合物的分散性可以提高其物理化学性质的微调能力，进一步扩大其潜在的应用范围。

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引用次数: 0