Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101871
Rhys W. Hughes , Megan E. Lott , Rebecca A. Olson S, Brent S. Sumerlin
In this perspective, we explore the historical evolution, photochemical processes, and distinct utility of photoiniferter polymerization. We aim to provide a practical guide encompassing the selection of iniferter and monomer, coupled with the optimization of light wavelengths to conduct efficient photoiniferter polymerizations. We delve into the impact of iniferter structure on photophysical properties and the resulting polymerization behavior. Furthermore, we highlight ongoing research efforts employing photoiniferter polymerization, emphasizing its potential applications in cutting-edge areas of research such as 3D printing and the synthesis of ultra-high molecular weight polymers (106 g mol-1). Through this perspective, we aim to clarify both the fundamental principles and the practical considerations of photoiniferter polymerization, ultimately advancing its utility and paving the way for innovative applications in polymer science.
从这个角度,我们探讨了光增感剂聚合的历史演变、光化学过程和独特用途。我们旨在提供一份实用指南,其中包括如何选择增韧剂和单体,以及如何优化光波长以进行高效的光增韧剂聚合。我们深入探讨了增韧剂结构对光物理性质和聚合行为的影响。此外,我们还重点介绍了正在进行的采用光增塑剂聚合的研究工作,强调了其在 3D 打印和合成超高分子量聚合物(≥106 g mol-1)等前沿研究领域的潜在应用。通过这一视角,我们旨在阐明光iferter 聚合的基本原理和实际考虑因素,最终提高其实用性,为聚合物科学的创新应用铺平道路。
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Chitosan holds great promise for demanding applications such as functional packing and biomedical uses. There has been a notable increase in interest in combining chitosan or its derivatives with other polymers and nanofillers to achieve synergistic effects. Remarkable progress has been made through polymer molecular design and iterative nanotechnology in the development of chitosan-based nanocomposite materials tailored for high-performance applications. This review focuses on strategies to develop chitosan-based materials, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of chitosan modification and critically evaluating various fabrication methods. Following a brief introduction to various nanofillers and their functionalization, this review discusses the functional properties (e.g., mechanical, thermal, water resistance, gas-barrier, stimulus-response, shape memory, biological, electrochemical, corrosion-protection, antifouling, and abruption/desorption) of various chitosan-based nanocomposite systems. It then highlights the emerging and potential applications of chitosan-based nanocomposites in various fields such as functional packaging, biomedicine, 3D bioprinting, sensing and wearable devices, environmental remediation, and chemical engineering. Moreover, we explore the factors that hinder the commercialization of chitosan-based nanocomposites. Our review not only surveys recent advancements in engineering sophisticated functional chitosan-based nanocomposite materials, customized for a diverse array of applications, but also offers insights into the future formulation of multifaceted chitosan-based nanocomposites, poised to tackle the distinct demands and hurdles encountered in burgeoning applications.
{"title":"Advanced functional chitosan-based nanocomposite materials for performance-demanding applications","authors":"Yabin Guo , Dongling Qiao , Siming Zhao , Binjia Zhang , Fengwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chitosan holds great promise for demanding applications such as functional packing and biomedical uses. There has been a notable increase in interest in combining chitosan or its derivatives with other polymers and nanofillers to achieve synergistic effects. Remarkable progress has been made through polymer molecular design and iterative nanotechnology in the development of chitosan-based nanocomposite materials tailored for high-performance applications. This review focuses on strategies to develop chitosan-based materials, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of chitosan modification and critically evaluating various fabrication methods. Following a brief introduction to various nanofillers and their functionalization, this review discusses the functional properties (e.g., mechanical, thermal, water resistance, gas-barrier, stimulus-response, shape memory, biological, electrochemical, corrosion-protection, antifouling, and abruption/desorption) of various chitosan-based nanocomposite systems. It then highlights the emerging and potential applications of chitosan-based nanocomposites in various fields such as functional packaging, biomedicine, 3D bioprinting, sensing and wearable devices, environmental remediation, and chemical engineering. Moreover, we explore the factors that hinder the commercialization of chitosan-based nanocomposites. Our review not only surveys recent advancements in engineering sophisticated functional chitosan-based nanocomposite materials, customized for a diverse array of applications, but also offers insights into the future formulation of multifaceted chitosan-based nanocomposites, poised to tackle the distinct demands and hurdles encountered in burgeoning applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 101872"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670024000893/pdfft?md5=6c7646e55c4e584fa1ae1005b55d525d&pid=1-s2.0-S0079670024000893-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101873
Valentine Lavaux , Jacques Lalevée
Epoxy resins rank among the most significantly used thermosets, showing high thermal and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, current polymerization processes to reach these properties are energy-intensive, characterized by high temperatures and long processing duration. Addressing this problem, recent years have witnessed the emergence of curing methods under mild and ecofriendly conditions, aligning with societal and ecological challenges. Mild conditions were delineated in this review as a polymerization without solvent and at temperatures not exceeding 80 °C. This work highlights three methods, by focusing on research works from 2015 to date: i) polyadditions via step-growth ring opening polymerization, ii) photopolymerization leading to homopolymerization of bio-based monomers and iii) redox polymerization achieved through the release of cations or acidic protons species, initiating the cationic polymerization. In the context of ecofriendly conditions, the replacement of bisphenol-A present in many epoxy monomers is also a huge challenge to keep both good mechanical properties and fast polymerization kinetics. In this context, this review aims at underlining the increasing importance of epoxy curing under mild conditions, in possible combination with bio-based monomers for bisphenol-A replacement and to guide both researchers and industries to explore and develop new curing systems.
环氧树脂是最常用的热固性材料之一,具有很高的热性能和机械性能。遗憾的是,目前达到这些性能的聚合工艺都是高能耗的,其特点是温度高、加工时间长。为解决这一问题,近年来出现了温和环保的固化方法,以应对社会和生态挑战。在本综述中,温和条件被定义为无溶剂、温度不超过 80 °C 的聚合。这项工作重点关注 2015 年至今的研究成果,重点介绍了三种方法:i) 通过阶跃生长开环聚合实现加成;ii) 光聚合导致生物基单体均聚化;iii) 通过释放阳离子或酸性质子物种实现氧化还原聚合,从而引发阳离子聚合。在生态友好的条件下,要保持良好的机械性能和快速的聚合动力学,替代许多环氧单体中的双酚 A 也是一个巨大的挑战。在此背景下,本综述旨在强调环氧树脂在温和条件下固化的重要性,并可能结合生物基单体来替代双酚-A,引导研究人员和工业界探索和开发新的固化体系。
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Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101866
Courtney S. Dziewior , Kacey Godwin , Nicola G. Judge , Nathan Z. Dreger , Matthew L. Becker
Amino acid-based poly(ester urea)s (PEUs) are an emerging class of highly tunable, degradable polymers that have found utility in a wide scope of biomedical applications. PEUs possess three points of tunability at the amino acid side chain, diol length, and copolymer stoichiometric ratio, resulting in a broad range of chemical, thermal and mechanical properties. PEUs are interesting biologically because they degrade into naturally occurring amino acids, urea, oxidized products from the diols, and carbon dioxide, each of which can be metabolized or excreted. The diversity in structure, properties and biodegradation characteristics of PEUs have led to their exploration in a number of pre-clinical applications including hernia repair, adhesives, radiopaque implants, and drug delivery. In this review, we provide a thorough history of PEU synthesis methodology. The polymer properties arising from the various synthetic methods including mechanical, thermal, and biocompatibility properties are also summarized. This review concludes with an overview of progress in the primary applications of PEUs to date including hard and soft-tissue engineering, radiopaque biomaterials, adhesives, and drug delivery.
氨基酸基聚(酯脲)(PEU)是一类新兴的高度可调、可降解聚合物,可广泛应用于生物医学领域。PEU 具有氨基酸侧链、二元醇长度和共聚物化学计量比三个方面的可调性,因此具有广泛的化学、热和机械性能。PEU 在生物方面非常有趣,因为它们会降解成天然存在的氨基酸、尿素、二元醇的氧化产物和二氧化碳,其中每一种物质都可以被代谢或排出体外。聚乙烯醇的结构、性质和生物降解特性多种多样,因此在临床前应用中,包括疝气修复、粘合剂、不透射线植入物和药物输送等方面,聚乙烯醇都得到了广泛的探索。在本综述中,我们将全面介绍聚乙烯醇合成方法的历史。我们还总结了各种合成方法所产生的聚合物特性,包括机械、热和生物相容性等特性。本综述最后概述了迄今为止 PEU 的主要应用进展,包括硬组织和软组织工程、不透射线生物材料、粘合剂和药物输送。
{"title":"Poly(ester urea)s: Synthesis, material properties, and biomedical applications","authors":"Courtney S. Dziewior , Kacey Godwin , Nicola G. Judge , Nathan Z. Dreger , Matthew L. Becker","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amino acid-based poly(ester urea)s (PEUs) are an emerging class of highly tunable, degradable polymers that have found utility in a wide scope of biomedical applications. PEUs possess three points of tunability at the amino acid side chain, diol length, and copolymer stoichiometric ratio, resulting in a broad range of chemical, thermal and mechanical properties. PEUs are interesting biologically because they degrade into naturally occurring amino acids, urea, oxidized products from the diols, and carbon dioxide, each of which can be metabolized or excreted. The diversity in structure, properties and biodegradation characteristics of PEUs have led to their exploration in a number of pre-clinical applications including hernia repair, adhesives, radiopaque implants, and drug delivery. In this review, we provide a thorough history of PEU synthesis methodology. The polymer properties arising from the various synthetic methods including mechanical, thermal, and biocompatibility properties are also summarized. This review concludes with an overview of progress in the primary applications of PEUs to date including hard and soft-tissue engineering, radiopaque biomaterials, adhesives, and drug delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 101866"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141998636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101870
Stavros X. Drakopoulos , Jiaen Wu , Shawn M. Maguire , Sneha Srinivasan , Katelyn Randazzo , Emily C. Davidson , Rodney D. Priestley
An in-depth review is presented on the interfacial phenomena of polymer nanocomposites and the role of the interface/interphase in capacitive energy storage. The interaction between polymer chains and nanofillers upon filler dispersion and glass transition temperature are discussed through the lens of the adsorbed layer or polymer-grafted nanoparticles. Moreover, fundamentals of dielectric physics are discussed regarding charge transport and charge entrapment on the interface, yielding the phenomenon of interfacial polarization. Therefore, the aim of this review is to inform the readers on the importance of the interface and highlight that both polymer chain dynamics and charge transport points of view are pivotal in the understanding of modern polymer nanodielectrics.
{"title":"Polymer nanocomposites: Interfacial properties and capacitive energy storage","authors":"Stavros X. Drakopoulos , Jiaen Wu , Shawn M. Maguire , Sneha Srinivasan , Katelyn Randazzo , Emily C. Davidson , Rodney D. Priestley","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An in-depth review is presented on the interfacial phenomena of polymer nanocomposites and the role of the interface/interphase in capacitive energy storage. The interaction between polymer chains and nanofillers upon filler dispersion and glass transition temperature are discussed through the lens of the adsorbed layer or polymer-grafted nanoparticles. Moreover, fundamentals of dielectric physics are discussed regarding charge transport and charge entrapment on the interface, yielding the phenomenon of interfacial polarization. Therefore, the aim of this review is to inform the readers on the importance of the interface and highlight that both polymer chain dynamics and charge transport points of view are pivotal in the understanding of modern polymer nanodielectrics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 101870"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101867
Rajalakshmi P. Sivasankaran , Katherine Snell , Grace Kunkel , Panagiotis G. Georgiou , Ellie G. Puente , Heather D. Maynard
Proteins and peptides have played a pivotal role in revolutionizing disease treatment over the last century. Despite their commercial success, protein therapeutics can be eliminated or inactivated in the body via excretion or other metabolic pathways. Polymeric materials have been used to stabilize these biomolecules in the presence of external stressors as excipients, conjugates, and in nanomaterial formulations. Numerous advantages arise from the combination of therapeutic agents with polymeric carriers, including improved stability, solubility, prolonged blood circulation, and reduced immunogenicity. PEGylation, the covalent conjugation of poly(ethylene glycol) to a biomolecule of interest, is a common technique that has been employed in 31 FDA-approved therapeutic protein formulations to date. Although PEGylation has been widely adopted, there have been numerous advancements in the protein stabilization field using a variety of polymers including, but not limited to, poly(oxazolines), polypeptides, zwitterionic polymers, and polysaccharides with additional beneficial properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. Polymeric carriers can also protect lyophilized protein-peptide products from the stresses of supercooling, ice crystallization, sublimation, and desorption. This review discusses recent progress on the design principles of polymeric tools for biomolecule stabilization and delivery, with a focus on conjugates and nanomaterials. The clinical status of these materials and current challenges impeding the clinical translation are presented. In addition, various future possibilities for polymeric-protein therapies are also highlighted. Finally, the current computational landscape that harnesses the tools of machine learning combined with experimental validation to design polymeric systems tailored for biomolecule stability are discussed.
上个世纪,蛋白质和肽在疾病治疗的革命性变革中发挥了关键作用。尽管在商业上取得了巨大成功,但蛋白质疗法可能会通过排泄或其他代谢途径在体内被消除或失活。聚合材料作为辅料、共轭物和纳米材料制剂,已被用于在外部压力下稳定这些生物分子。治疗药物与聚合物载体的结合具有许多优点,包括提高稳定性、溶解性、延长血液循环和降低免疫原性。聚乙二醇化(PEGylation)是将聚乙二醇与相关生物大分子共价结合的一种常用技术,迄今已在 31 种经 FDA 批准的治疗性蛋白质制剂中使用。虽然聚乙二醇化技术已被广泛采用,但在蛋白质稳定领域也取得了许多进展,使用的聚合物包括但不限于聚(恶唑啉)、多肽、齐聚亚氨基聚合物和具有生物相容性和生物降解性等额外有益特性的多糖。聚合物载体还能保护冻干蛋白肽产品免受过冷、冰结晶、升华和解吸等应力的影响。本综述讨论了用于生物大分子稳定和递送的聚合物工具设计原理的最新进展,重点是共轭物和纳米材料。文章介绍了这些材料的临床应用现状以及目前阻碍临床转化的挑战。此外,还重点介绍了聚合物-蛋白质疗法未来的各种可能性。最后,还讨论了当前的计算前景,即利用机器学习工具结合实验验证来设计适合生物分子稳定性的聚合物系统。
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Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101865
Jeffrey Pyun , Robert A. Norwood
Since the invention of inverse vulcanization and high sulfur content polymers, termed Chalcogenide Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Polymers, the application of these polymers as optical materials for IR optics & photonics has garnered interest from groups around the world. Earlier publications and review papers have focused on the polymer chemistry aspects of inverse vulcanization, however, recent work in the past decade has seen tremendous new advances in polymer processing, rheology, and optical component (nano-micro) fabrication of lenses and photonic devices across the infrared spectrum. There is an urgent need for a review surveying both new polymer chemistry and polymer engineering aspects of this important new field, for the integration of these new optical polymers into imaging, communications, and sensing systems. In this submission, we review the fabrication and polymer processing of inverse vulcanized organopolysulfides made from elemental sulfur for IR optics and photonics. We survey recent work in the SWIR and MWIR spectrum for the development of integrated photonics devices using high sulfur content polymers, along with the fabrication and testing of LWIR bulk plastic optics using this new class of optical polymers.
{"title":"Infrared plastic optics and photonic devices using chalcogenide hybrid inorganic/organic polymers via inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur","authors":"Jeffrey Pyun , Robert A. Norwood","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the invention of inverse vulcanization and high sulfur content polymers, termed <em>Chalcogenide Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Polymers</em>, the application of these polymers as optical materials for IR optics & photonics has garnered interest from groups around the world. Earlier publications and review papers have focused on the polymer chemistry aspects of inverse vulcanization, however, recent work in the past decade has seen tremendous new advances in polymer processing, rheology, and optical component (nano-micro) fabrication of lenses and photonic devices across the infrared spectrum. There is an urgent need for a review surveying both new polymer chemistry and polymer engineering aspects of this important new field, for the integration of these new optical polymers into imaging, communications, and sensing systems. In this submission, we review the fabrication and polymer processing of inverse vulcanized organopolysulfides made from elemental sulfur for IR optics and photonics. We survey recent work in the SWIR and MWIR spectrum for the development of integrated photonics devices using high sulfur content polymers, along with the fabrication and testing of LWIR bulk plastic optics using this new class of optical polymers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 101865"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101855
Julien Alex , Christine Weber , Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez , Ulrich S. Schubert
In the last decades, nanoscale drug delivery systems have gained great attention partly due to their ability to improve the bioavailability of water insoluble drugs. To this end, the general aim in developing nanomedicine is to enhance efficacy, drug stability and drug safety profile ideally by an active- or passive-cell specific targeting effect. Alteration of dose-response and potential personalization might be future trademarks of nanomedicine. Macromolecular prodrugs (MPDs) represent a sub-class of polymer-drug conjugates featuring a degradable linkage between a macromolecule and a drug. MPDs are in particular interesting due to their capability to prolong blood circulation and to reduce side effects caused by minimized premature drug leakage. The maximum drug loading capacity is another advantage of MPDs over conventional nanomedicines. The chemical accessibility of drug conjugates and polymer carrier materials as well as recent developments in the MPD design of the last five years are summarized in this review article.
{"title":"Recent developments in synthetic approaches for macromolecular prodrugs","authors":"Julien Alex , Christine Weber , Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez , Ulrich S. Schubert","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last decades, nanoscale drug delivery systems have gained great attention partly due to their ability to improve the bioavailability of water insoluble drugs. To this end, the general aim in developing nanomedicine is to enhance efficacy, drug stability and drug safety profile ideally by an active- or passive-cell specific targeting effect. Alteration of dose-response and potential personalization might be future trademarks of nanomedicine. Macromolecular prodrugs (MPDs) represent a sub-class of polymer-drug conjugates featuring a degradable linkage between a macromolecule and a drug. MPDs are in particular interesting due to their capability to prolong blood circulation and to reduce side effects caused by minimized premature drug leakage. The maximum drug loading capacity is another advantage of MPDs over conventional nanomedicines. The chemical accessibility of drug conjugates and polymer carrier materials as well as recent developments in the MPD design of the last five years are summarized in this review article.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 101855"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670024000728/pdfft?md5=527a3beda1a41282ad12447f2a9dfcde&pid=1-s2.0-S0079670024000728-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101856
Shaowen Zhuo , Zexing Deng , Zhengying Wu , Yi Guo , Yaobin Wu , Xin Zhao , Yong Han , Baolin Guo
The "Janus" feature/structure inspired by the ancient Roman double-sided protector is prominent in the field of materials science due to its unique "asymmetric" concept and flexible and adjustable characteristics. The emergence of numerous biomaterials based on Janus properties/structures provides a different approach to material design for complex biomedical scenarios. Gel materials with excellent water absorption, flexibility and biocompatibility in various biomedical applications have greatly increased, and the structural design and functional integration of gels have reached some bottleneck. The Janus properties/structures completely subvert the traditional concept of "homogeneous gel" and break the limitation of "two-sided consistency" in biomedical gels. The concept of "two-sided asymmetry" led by "Adhesion-antiadhesion properties" and "hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties" has emerged and expanded the broad biomedical application prospects of Janus gels. In this review, we first summarize the various structural characteristics of Janus gel materials and the preparation technology of these gels, and explore the secret behind Janus structures from the raw materials and design concepts. Secondly, different kinds of asymmetries, including “hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties”, “Adhesion-antiadhesion properties”, structural heterogeneity and other unusual asymmetry, are discussed to show the relationship between Janus characteristics and structure. The applications of advanced Janus gels in biomedical fields such as tissue repair, anti-adhesion, substance delivery, hemostasis and human activity sensing are emphatically reviewed. In addition, the latest challenges and possible future direction of Janus gel are proposed.
{"title":"Janus gels for biomedical applications: Progress and future prospective","authors":"Shaowen Zhuo , Zexing Deng , Zhengying Wu , Yi Guo , Yaobin Wu , Xin Zhao , Yong Han , Baolin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The \"Janus\" feature/structure inspired by the ancient Roman double-sided protector is prominent in the field of materials science due to its unique \"asymmetric\" concept and flexible and adjustable characteristics. The emergence of numerous biomaterials based on Janus properties/structures provides a different approach to material design for complex biomedical scenarios. Gel materials with excellent water absorption, flexibility and biocompatibility in various biomedical applications have greatly increased, and the structural design and functional integration of gels have reached some bottleneck. The Janus properties/structures completely subvert the traditional concept of \"homogeneous gel\" and break the limitation of \"two-sided consistency\" in biomedical gels. The concept of \"two-sided asymmetry\" led by \"Adhesion-antiadhesion properties\" and \"hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties\" has emerged and expanded the broad biomedical application prospects of Janus gels. In this review, we first summarize the various structural characteristics of Janus gel materials and the preparation technology of these gels, and explore the secret behind Janus structures from the raw materials and design concepts. Secondly, different kinds of asymmetries, including “hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties”, “Adhesion-antiadhesion properties”, structural heterogeneity and other unusual asymmetry, are discussed to show the relationship between Janus characteristics and structure. The applications of advanced Janus gels in biomedical fields such as tissue repair, anti-adhesion, substance delivery, hemostasis and human activity sensing are emphatically reviewed. In addition, the latest challenges and possible future direction of Janus gel are proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 101856"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101854
Sina Ghiassinejad , Mostafa Ahmadi , Evelyne van Ruymbeke , Charles-André Fustin
A mechanical bond serves as a distinctive approach for harnessing the most beneficial features of both covalent and supramolecular chemistries, offering stability and structural adaptability owing to its unique dynamic nature. Molecules formed by mechanical bonding, known as mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) including catenanes, rotaxanes, and knots have opened new possibilities. Notably, the introduction of mechanically interlocked structures into polymers has led to the emergence of novel polymeric materials referred to as mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs), such as polyrotaxanes and polycatenanes. The interlocked nature of these architectures can lead to particular conformational freedom and high mobility of their components, resulting in exceptional properties, such as ultra-stretchability, toughness, and immediate recoverability. These properties have found potential applications in diverse fields, including the development of tough hydrogels, scratch-resistant coatings, smart actuators, and batteries. Recent years have witnessed a surge in the synthesis and investigation of a diverse array of rotaxane-based MIPs, an essential class that has enabled researchers to begin grasping the impact of incorporating mechanical bonds within polymer structures, and of their mobility, on material properties. In this review, an overview of the dynamics of ring-containing polymers is presented. The review encompasses macromolecular rotaxanes, polyrotaxanes, and slide-ring networks, including the role of ring mobility in shaping the dynamics and properties of rotaxane polymers.
{"title":"Dynamics of ring-containing polymers: Macromolecular rotaxanes, polyrotaxanes and slide-ring networks","authors":"Sina Ghiassinejad , Mostafa Ahmadi , Evelyne van Ruymbeke , Charles-André Fustin","doi":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A mechanical bond serves as a distinctive approach for harnessing the most beneficial features of both covalent and supramolecular chemistries, offering stability and structural adaptability owing to its unique dynamic nature. Molecules formed by mechanical bonding, known as mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) including catenanes, rotaxanes, and knots have opened new possibilities. Notably, the introduction of mechanically interlocked structures into polymers has led to the emergence of novel polymeric materials referred to as mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs), such as polyrotaxanes and polycatenanes. The interlocked nature of these architectures can lead to particular conformational freedom and high mobility of their components, resulting in exceptional properties, such as ultra-stretchability, toughness, and immediate recoverability. These properties have found potential applications in diverse fields, including the development of tough hydrogels, scratch-resistant coatings, smart actuators, and batteries. Recent years have witnessed a surge in the synthesis and investigation of a diverse array of rotaxane-based MIPs, an essential class that has enabled researchers to begin grasping the impact of incorporating mechanical bonds within polymer structures, and of their mobility, on material properties. In this review, an overview of the dynamics of ring-containing polymers is presented. The review encompasses macromolecular rotaxanes, polyrotaxanes, and slide-ring networks, including the role of ring mobility in shaping the dynamics and properties of rotaxane polymers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":413,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Polymer Science","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 101854"},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}