We study price discrimination by a monopoly two-sided platform who mediates interactions between two different groups of agents. We adapt a canonical model of second-degree price discrimination `a la Mussa and Rosen (1978) to a two-sided platform by focusing on non-responsiveness, a clash between the allocation the platform wants to achieve and the incentive compatible allocations. In this framework we address the key question of when a price discrimination on one side complements or substitutes a price discrimination on the other side. We offer two applications on advertising platforms and also highlight the role of commitment in eliciting personal information for targeted advertising.
{"title":"Price Discrimination by a Two-Sided Platform: With Applications to Advertising and Privacy Design","authors":"Doh-Shin Jeon, Byung-Cheol Kim, D. Menicucci","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2672058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2672058","url":null,"abstract":"We study price discrimination by a monopoly two-sided platform who mediates interactions between two different groups of agents. We adapt a canonical model of second-degree price discrimination `a la Mussa and Rosen (1978) to a two-sided platform by focusing on non-responsiveness, a clash between the allocation the platform wants to achieve and the incentive compatible allocations. In this framework we address the key question of when a price discrimination on one side complements or substitutes a price discrimination on the other side. We offer two applications on advertising platforms and also highlight the role of commitment in eliciting personal information for targeted advertising.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127778243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper constructs new, longitudinal measures of corporate data practices by conducting textual analysis of annual 10-K filings from 1996 to 2012. We provide descriptive evidence of a dramatic increase in data-related activities over this period, beginning in IT-producing firms and then moving to other sectors. Next, we demonstrate that these measures are positively and significantly correlated with Tobin’s q and higher profits relative to the mean of a firm’s six-digit NAICS industry. These findings are consistent with the argument that data assets are driving performance dispersion within IT-using industries, in which data-intensive firms are outperforming their competitors. Finally, we use dimension reduction techniques to demonstrate that premiums in market value accrued to data collection activities in the early 2000s, and to data quality initiatives (i.e., standardization and security) after 2007.
{"title":"Data Assets and Industry Competition: Evidence from 10-K Filings","authors":"A. Saunders, Prasanna Tambe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2537089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2537089","url":null,"abstract":"This paper constructs new, longitudinal measures of corporate data practices by conducting textual analysis of annual 10-K filings from 1996 to 2012. We provide descriptive evidence of a dramatic increase in data-related activities over this period, beginning in IT-producing firms and then moving to other sectors. Next, we demonstrate that these measures are positively and significantly correlated with Tobin’s q and higher profits relative to the mean of a firm’s six-digit NAICS industry. These findings are consistent with the argument that data assets are driving performance dispersion within IT-using industries, in which data-intensive firms are outperforming their competitors. Finally, we use dimension reduction techniques to demonstrate that premiums in market value accrued to data collection activities in the early 2000s, and to data quality initiatives (i.e., standardization and security) after 2007.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130371789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-15DOI: 10.1108/APJML-04-2015-0061
J. Paul
Purpose – Globalization means integrating the economy and consumer market with the rest of the world, which involves the removal of restrictions on imports and foreign investment. The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of globalization on international marketing from the point of multinational firms, in the context of an emerging consumer market – India. Design/methodology/approach – This is a general review-based study with some secondary data analysis. The author introduces new measures for industry analysis.Findings – It was found that Indian market has opened up substantially and there are many foreign players in most sectors. Imports growth rate has gone up substantially during post-World Trade Organization period. The author provides insights based on sector-wise analysis. Originality/value – The most important contribution of this paper is the introduction of two measures for carrying out industry analysis by integrating economics, marketing and strategy a Success-probability Index (SPI); and an Opportunity-Threat Matrix (OTM). The author puts forward generalized theoretical propositions for further research, which can be tested in an emerging market/industry context. Keywords Imports, Globalization, Opportunity-threat matrix (OTM), Sector-wise effect, Success-probability matrix (SPI).
{"title":"Market Access and Mirage of Marketing to Maximum: New Measures","authors":"J. Paul","doi":"10.1108/APJML-04-2015-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-04-2015-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Globalization means integrating the economy and consumer market with the rest of the world, which involves the removal of restrictions on imports and foreign investment. The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of globalization on international marketing from the point of multinational firms, in the context of an emerging consumer market – India. Design/methodology/approach – This is a general review-based study with some secondary data analysis. The author introduces new measures for industry analysis.Findings – It was found that Indian market has opened up substantially and there are many foreign players in most sectors. Imports growth rate has gone up substantially during post-World Trade Organization period. The author provides insights based on sector-wise analysis. Originality/value – The most important contribution of this paper is the introduction of two measures for carrying out industry analysis by integrating economics, marketing and strategy a Success-probability Index (SPI); and an Opportunity-Threat Matrix (OTM). The author puts forward generalized theoretical propositions for further research, which can be tested in an emerging market/industry context. Keywords Imports, Globalization, Opportunity-threat matrix (OTM), Sector-wise effect, Success-probability matrix (SPI).","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121077207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-31DOI: 10.5901/MJSS.2015.V6N4S4P339
L. Orlova, Y. Afonin, V. Voronin, D. Akopyan
Development of quality management systems is currently true for many successful organizations. Control on the responsibility centers is one of the subsystems that provide in-house management. Aim is to develop and implement conceptual and technological approaches to the implementation of development models based on the campaign management accounting centers. Allows you to solve a series of multidimensional challenges for optimizing the management companies. V particular, personalize responsibility for making decisions, clearly define goals, make specific plans, keep records of production costs, to assess the activities of employees on the basis of key performance indicators, to effectively use organization. The paper concludes that the implementation of management accounting centers should be implemented in conjunction with such models as the balanced scorecard, total quality management and proactive monitoring procedures and a system of continuous improvement. The most effective are the ones which are able to achieve the goals set before them while using the least amount of resources. A system grounded in responsibility centers helps personify responsibility for making managerial decisions, raise the quality of planning functions, and attach a reward system to the results yielded by a specific responsibility center.
{"title":"Financial Accounting Centers: Concepts and Tools","authors":"L. Orlova, Y. Afonin, V. Voronin, D. Akopyan","doi":"10.5901/MJSS.2015.V6N4S4P339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5901/MJSS.2015.V6N4S4P339","url":null,"abstract":"Development of quality management systems is currently true for many successful organizations. Control on the responsibility centers is one of the subsystems that provide in-house management. Aim is to develop and implement conceptual and technological approaches to the implementation of development models based on the campaign management accounting centers. Allows you to solve a series of multidimensional challenges for optimizing the management companies. V particular, personalize responsibility for making decisions, clearly define goals, make specific plans, keep records of production costs, to assess the activities of employees on the basis of key performance indicators, to effectively use organization. The paper concludes that the implementation of management accounting centers should be implemented in conjunction with such models as the balanced scorecard, total quality management and proactive monitoring procedures and a system of continuous improvement. The most effective are the ones which are able to achieve the goals set before them while using the least amount of resources. A system grounded in responsibility centers helps personify responsibility for making managerial decisions, raise the quality of planning functions, and attach a reward system to the results yielded by a specific responsibility center.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"75 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127732361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-31DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23063-4_22
Patrick Lohmann, M. Muehlen
{"title":"Business Process Management Skills and Roles: An Investigation of the Demand and Supply Side of BPM Professionals","authors":"Patrick Lohmann, M. Muehlen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-23063-4_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23063-4_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133833782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi-national corporations (wrongly) introduce new products in China rather late. Such a strategy arises because research treats all of China as one monolithic country, thus, finding that takeoff occurs quite late. However, for large or multi-ethnic countries, intra-country diversity may be quite high, rivaling or exceeding that among inter country differences of some continents (e.g., Europe). This study examines the takeoff of new products among provinces of China based on data of 30 Chinese provinces on 10 categories over 34 years. Rooted in the theory of institutions and product network externalities, this study tests the drivers of new product takeoff using a discrete time hazard model. The major results are as follows: First, time to takeoff varies dramatically across provinces in China. Second, the average time to takeoff varies substantially between products with strong and weak network externalities. Third, time to takeoff is converging across provinces. Fourth, the intra-country differences in time-to-takeoff are explained by economic institutional variables: economic wealth, trade openness, education, media and transportation infrastructure; and product characteristics: network externalities and year of introduction. Fifth, the vast differences in takeoff of new products across provinces suggest that a waterfall strategy within China might be more profitable.
{"title":"Is China Uniform? Intra-Country Differences in the Takeoff of New Products","authors":"Ying Li, G. Tellis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2647035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2647035","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-national corporations (wrongly) introduce new products in China rather late. Such a strategy arises because research treats all of China as one monolithic country, thus, finding that takeoff occurs quite late. However, for large or multi-ethnic countries, intra-country diversity may be quite high, rivaling or exceeding that among inter country differences of some continents (e.g., Europe). This study examines the takeoff of new products among provinces of China based on data of 30 Chinese provinces on 10 categories over 34 years. Rooted in the theory of institutions and product network externalities, this study tests the drivers of new product takeoff using a discrete time hazard model. The major results are as follows: First, time to takeoff varies dramatically across provinces in China. Second, the average time to takeoff varies substantially between products with strong and weak network externalities. Third, time to takeoff is converging across provinces. Fourth, the intra-country differences in time-to-takeoff are explained by economic institutional variables: economic wealth, trade openness, education, media and transportation infrastructure; and product characteristics: network externalities and year of introduction. Fifth, the vast differences in takeoff of new products across provinces suggest that a waterfall strategy within China might be more profitable.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"296 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129305097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Customer Experience has been in focus of all marketers for many years by now. Customer experience remains on the marketing strategy table with due importance and guides the strategies at the end of the day. The customer experience is viewed in this article based on the “connect” established by the brand with the customer and viz. in this context the model of “connect” is derived conceptually to deliver the relevance and importance of customer experience. The paradigm of customer experience is conceptually extended with several possibilities horizontally and vertically to arrive at a dynamic experience model not with-standing the current framework in which such experiences are dealt with.In this context the relevant conceptualization of customer experience at the time of “disconnect” is highlighted in the light of drawing an experience dimension around the customer in this context. The article conceptualizes the dynamics of a customer brand interaction at various levels of connect and the varied dimensions of experience factors that ranges in a wide spectrum resulting in several challenges posed before a marketing person.
{"title":"Customer Experience Paradigm: The Disconnect Experience","authors":"C. Kochukalam, Kinslin D, Jeffin Joseph","doi":"10.14260/jadbm/2015/34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jadbm/2015/34","url":null,"abstract":"Customer Experience has been in focus of all marketers for many years by now. Customer experience remains on the marketing strategy table with due importance and guides the strategies at the end of the day. The customer experience is viewed in this article based on the “connect” established by the brand with the customer and viz. in this context the model of “connect” is derived conceptually to deliver the relevance and importance of customer experience. The paradigm of customer experience is conceptually extended with several possibilities horizontally and vertically to arrive at a dynamic experience model not with-standing the current framework in which such experiences are dealt with.In this context the relevant conceptualization of customer experience at the time of “disconnect” is highlighted in the light of drawing an experience dimension around the customer in this context. The article conceptualizes the dynamics of a customer brand interaction at various levels of connect and the varied dimensions of experience factors that ranges in a wide spectrum resulting in several challenges posed before a marketing person.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129491475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current research dealt with various aspects of Shadow IT. However, we still do not have an evidence of how much the phenomenon is widespread in organizations. Are employees really using Shadow IT and how much? We conducted an online survey of 450 employees in 5 organizations to understand how much Shadow IT is used by employees. Our research found that Shadow IT phenomenon is widespread in the organizational context. We found that 52% of “Blissfully ignorant” employees, despite their 75% awareness of information security policy, do use Shadow IT to satisfy their job needs, increase their productivity and efficiency. These illegal activities are conducted as employees miss clarity on the proper compliance behaviors regarding Shadow IT but also because they believe that IT department cannot meet their needs in terms of the approval speed. Our study has several important insights for practitioners and offers some future directions for researchers.
{"title":"Emerging from the Shadows: Survey Evidence of Shadow IT Use from Blissfully Ignorant Employees","authors":"M. Silic","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2633000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2633000","url":null,"abstract":"Current research dealt with various aspects of Shadow IT. However, we still do not have an evidence of how much the phenomenon is widespread in organizations. Are employees really using Shadow IT and how much? We conducted an online survey of 450 employees in 5 organizations to understand how much Shadow IT is used by employees. Our research found that Shadow IT phenomenon is widespread in the organizational context. We found that 52% of “Blissfully ignorant” employees, despite their 75% awareness of information security policy, do use Shadow IT to satisfy their job needs, increase their productivity and efficiency. These illegal activities are conducted as employees miss clarity on the proper compliance behaviors regarding Shadow IT but also because they believe that IT department cannot meet their needs in terms of the approval speed. Our study has several important insights for practitioners and offers some future directions for researchers.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116740060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With India enacting the world’s first corporate social responsibility law two years back, it is time to acknowledge the emergence of a new area of legal practice - Corporate Social Responsibility. It is a blessing in disguise for idealistic lawyers who want to work with corporates but are hesitant in choosing hardcore commercial law jobs over their social inclinations (the latter being the reason for opting for the profession in the first place). Though it’s still a niche and an under-developed area of law, supplemented together with a management background, CSR can be an ideal profession for someone bent upon going off the trodden path and pursuing societal impact.
{"title":"The Emergence of a New Area of Legal Practice: Corporate Social Responsibility","authors":"Sukanya Narain","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2729256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2729256","url":null,"abstract":"With India enacting the world’s first corporate social responsibility law two years back, it is time to acknowledge the emergence of a new area of legal practice - Corporate Social Responsibility. It is a blessing in disguise for idealistic lawyers who want to work with corporates but are hesitant in choosing hardcore commercial law jobs over their social inclinations (the latter being the reason for opting for the profession in the first place). Though it’s still a niche and an under-developed area of law, supplemented together with a management background, CSR can be an ideal profession for someone bent upon going off the trodden path and pursuing societal impact.","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126898124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We develop a framework for continuous search for information on a choice set of multiple alternatives and apply it to consumer search in a product market. When a consumer considers purchasing a product in a product category, the consumer can gather information sequentially on several products. At each moment, the consumer can choose which product to gather more information on and whether to stop gathering information and purchase one of the products or to exit the market with no purchase. Given costly information gathering, consumers end up not gathering complete information on all the products and need to make decisions under imperfect information. Under the assumption of constant informativeness of search, we solve for the optimal search, switch, and purchase or exit behavior in such a setting, which is characterized by an optimal consideration set and a purchase threshold structure. This paper shows that a product is only considered for search or purchase if it has a sufficiently high expected utility. Given multiple products in the consumer’s consideration set, the consumer only stops searching for information and purchases a product if the difference between the expected utilities of the top two products is greater than some threshold. Comparative statics show that negative information correlation among products widens the purchase threshold, and so does an increase in the number of the choices. Under our rational consumer model, we show that choice overload can occur when consumers search or evaluate multiple alternatives before making a purchase decision. We also find that it is optimal for a monopolistic seller of multiple products to facilitate information search for low-valuation consumers and obfuscate information for those with high valuations. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing .
{"title":"Search for Information on Multiple Products","authors":"T. Ke, Z. Shen, J. M. Villas-Boas","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2015.2316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2316","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a framework for continuous search for information on a choice set of multiple alternatives and apply it to consumer search in a product market. When a consumer considers purchasing a product in a product category, the consumer can gather information sequentially on several products. At each moment, the consumer can choose which product to gather more information on and whether to stop gathering information and purchase one of the products or to exit the market with no purchase. Given costly information gathering, consumers end up not gathering complete information on all the products and need to make decisions under imperfect information. Under the assumption of constant informativeness of search, we solve for the optimal search, switch, and purchase or exit behavior in such a setting, which is characterized by an optimal consideration set and a purchase threshold structure. This paper shows that a product is only considered for search or purchase if it has a sufficiently high expected utility. Given multiple products in the consumer’s consideration set, the consumer only stops searching for information and purchases a product if the difference between the expected utilities of the top two products is greater than some threshold. Comparative statics show that negative information correlation among products widens the purchase threshold, and so does an increase in the number of the choices. Under our rational consumer model, we show that choice overload can occur when consumers search or evaluate multiple alternatives before making a purchase decision. We also find that it is optimal for a monopolistic seller of multiple products to facilitate information search for low-valuation consumers and obfuscate information for those with high valuations. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing .","PeriodicalId":414091,"journal":{"name":"Innovation & Management Science eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127686693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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