Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_77
M. Okazaki, S. Fujikawa, N. Matsumoto
Xylooligosaccharide was found to have a favorable effect on human intestinal flora. Xylooligosaccharide was utilized by bifidobacteria, but it was not utilized by Escherichia coli and Clostridium spp. in vitro. In vivo, xylooligosaccharide (5 g/day) promoted the growth of bifidobacteria, lowered fecal pH and helped to maintain the fecal water content within normal range. These results showed that xylooligosaccharide can selectively promote the growth of bifidobacteria and help to establish favorable environmental conditions in the intestines.
{"title":"Effect of Xylooligosaccharide on the Growth of Bifidobacteria","authors":"M. Okazaki, S. Fujikawa, N. Matsumoto","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_77","url":null,"abstract":"Xylooligosaccharide was found to have a favorable effect on human intestinal flora. Xylooligosaccharide was utilized by bifidobacteria, but it was not utilized by Escherichia coli and Clostridium spp. in vitro. In vivo, xylooligosaccharide (5 g/day) promoted the growth of bifidobacteria, lowered fecal pH and helped to maintain the fecal water content within normal range. These results showed that xylooligosaccharide can selectively promote the growth of bifidobacteria and help to establish favorable environmental conditions in the intestines.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127271872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.1_39
E. Isogai, H. Isogai, N. Fujii, K. Hirose, H. Wakizaka, H. Miura, F. Yoshimura
Fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis were found to induce an early chemiluminescence response of mouse peritoneal macrophages. A significant dose-dependent increase in the response was observed. The response induced by the fimbriae was different from that induced by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) . Viable P. gingivalis whole cells stimulated macrophages and the chemiluminescence response cojoined the two responses induced by fimbriae and LPS. These observations suggest that P. gingivalis fimbriae may be involved in the pathogenesis of adult periodontal disease via the triggering of reactive oxygen intermediates by macrophages in the disease in a different manner to its LPS.
{"title":"Fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis Induce Chemiluminescence Response of Macrophages in a Different Manner to Its Lipopolysaccharide","authors":"E. Isogai, H. Isogai, N. Fujii, K. Hirose, H. Wakizaka, H. Miura, F. Yoshimura","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.1_39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.1_39","url":null,"abstract":"Fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis were found to induce an early chemiluminescence response of mouse peritoneal macrophages. A significant dose-dependent increase in the response was observed. The response induced by the fimbriae was different from that induced by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) . Viable P. gingivalis whole cells stimulated macrophages and the chemiluminescence response cojoined the two responses induced by fimbriae and LPS. These observations suggest that P. gingivalis fimbriae may be involved in the pathogenesis of adult periodontal disease via the triggering of reactive oxygen intermediates by macrophages in the disease in a different manner to its LPS.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130618666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_53
E. Isogai, H. Isogai, N. Fujii, K. Kimura, H. Miura, M. Hayashi, S. Namioka, Masayoshi Kawasaki, Kunihiko Ikeda
The ethanol extracts from Japanese green tea from the leaf of Camellia sinensis (Japanese green tea) contained polyphenol compounds as major components. By liquid and gas chromatographic analysis, 5 catechin compounds were detected. The tea extracts (Deochon 13189-B, Deochon 30 EX and Camellia 50 EX) were found to effectively inhibit the growth of canine oral bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was different among genus, species and strains of the bacteria. Canine periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas assacharolytica were sensitive to the tea extracts. Similar result was obtained by using human oral bacteria including periodontal pathogens. These results suggest that the tea extracts would be useful as anti-periodontitis agent and/or flora control agent in dogs.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Japanese Green Tea Extracts on Growth of Canine Oral Bacteria","authors":"E. Isogai, H. Isogai, N. Fujii, K. Kimura, H. Miura, M. Hayashi, S. Namioka, Masayoshi Kawasaki, Kunihiko Ikeda","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_53","url":null,"abstract":"The ethanol extracts from Japanese green tea from the leaf of Camellia sinensis (Japanese green tea) contained polyphenol compounds as major components. By liquid and gas chromatographic analysis, 5 catechin compounds were detected. The tea extracts (Deochon 13189-B, Deochon 30 EX and Camellia 50 EX) were found to effectively inhibit the growth of canine oral bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was different among genus, species and strains of the bacteria. Canine periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas assacharolytica were sensitive to the tea extracts. Similar result was obtained by using human oral bacteria including periodontal pathogens. These results suggest that the tea extracts would be useful as anti-periodontitis agent and/or flora control agent in dogs.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134008031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.10.2_89
Y. Benno, T. Mitsuoka
The incidence of colon cancer varies widely throughout the world (8, 9). It has been demonstrated that the disease is much rarer in Africa, Asia, and South America than in Western Europe or North America (37) . The reason for this variation is unclear but epidemiological studies, focusing on genetic , cultural, environmental and economic factors suggest that the diet, in particular an increased intake of fat and animal protein, is strongly correlated with the incidence of colon cancer (19, 36) . Epidemiologic studies (7, 31, 36) also suggest that decreases in dietary fiber intake actually increase the incidence of several colonic disorders including: diverticular disease, cancer and constipation. Since some of the predominating bacteria in human fecal contents ferment various types of hemicelluloses (34), it would be of interest to determine the effects, if any, of dietary fiber on the human fecal flora. It is widely known that the composition of fecal flora in healthy infants differed according to the mode of feeding (2, 18, 23) . Although taxonomic studies on Bifidobacterium species present in feces of babies have been carried out (25, 32), the bulk of anaerobes and aerobes from their feces have not been identified at the species level. To address the aforementioned, the present studies were undertaken. Thus, the composition of the fecal flora of the following subjects were compared : (i) breastfed versus bottle-fed infants, (ii) rural Japanese with a low incidence of colon cancer , (iii) urban Canadians with a high incidence of colon cancer, (iv) Japanese volunteers given a high beef or a rice fiber diet (particularly brown rice), and (v) elderly Japanese in rural (Yuzurihara, Uenohara, Yamanashi Prefecture) and urban (Tokyo) areas of Japan, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of Diet and Aging on Human Fecal Microflora","authors":"Y. Benno, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.10.2_89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.10.2_89","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of colon cancer varies widely throughout the world (8, 9). It has been demonstrated that the disease is much rarer in Africa, Asia, and South America than in Western Europe or North America (37) . The reason for this variation is unclear but epidemiological studies, focusing on genetic , cultural, environmental and economic factors suggest that the diet, in particular an increased intake of fat and animal protein, is strongly correlated with the incidence of colon cancer (19, 36) . Epidemiologic studies (7, 31, 36) also suggest that decreases in dietary fiber intake actually increase the incidence of several colonic disorders including: diverticular disease, cancer and constipation. Since some of the predominating bacteria in human fecal contents ferment various types of hemicelluloses (34), it would be of interest to determine the effects, if any, of dietary fiber on the human fecal flora. It is widely known that the composition of fecal flora in healthy infants differed according to the mode of feeding (2, 18, 23) . Although taxonomic studies on Bifidobacterium species present in feces of babies have been carried out (25, 32), the bulk of anaerobes and aerobes from their feces have not been identified at the species level. To address the aforementioned, the present studies were undertaken. Thus, the composition of the fecal flora of the following subjects were compared : (i) breastfed versus bottle-fed infants, (ii) rural Japanese with a low incidence of colon cancer , (iii) urban Canadians with a high incidence of colon cancer, (iv) Japanese volunteers given a high beef or a rice fiber diet (particularly brown rice), and (v) elderly Japanese in rural (Yuzurihara, Uenohara, Yamanashi Prefecture) and urban (Tokyo) areas of Japan, respectively.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130498198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_69
Y. Benno, H. Nakao, K. Uchida, T. Mitsuoka
The fecal specimens from eight laboratory-bred male beagle dogs reared under similar conditions were analyzed for the individual variation and the seasonal variation in the composition of fecal microflora. Statistically significant differences in numbers of bacteroides, bifidobacteria, lecithinase-negative clostridia, lactobacilli, enterobacteria and enterococci were observed among individual animals. Megasphaera elsdenii was isolated from two of eight dogs. The microbial populations of bacteroides, clostridia, bifidobacteria, and peptostreptococci were associated with each other bacterial group. The seasonal variation in numbers of lecithinasenegative clostridia, Clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococci, enterococci, eubacteria, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli, and in the incidences of staphylococci, bacilli, and yeasts were noted. The results of this study showed that apparent variations with individuals and season occurred on the fecal microflora of individual beagle dogs reared under similar conditions.
{"title":"Individual and Seasonal Variations in the Composition of Fecal Microflora of Beagle Dogs","authors":"Y. Benno, H. Nakao, K. Uchida, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_69","url":null,"abstract":"The fecal specimens from eight laboratory-bred male beagle dogs reared under similar conditions were analyzed for the individual variation and the seasonal variation in the composition of fecal microflora. Statistically significant differences in numbers of bacteroides, bifidobacteria, lecithinase-negative clostridia, lactobacilli, enterobacteria and enterococci were observed among individual animals. Megasphaera elsdenii was isolated from two of eight dogs. The microbial populations of bacteroides, clostridia, bifidobacteria, and peptostreptococci were associated with each other bacterial group. The seasonal variation in numbers of lecithinasenegative clostridia, Clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococci, enterococci, eubacteria, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli, and in the incidences of staphylococci, bacilli, and yeasts were noted. The results of this study showed that apparent variations with individuals and season occurred on the fecal microflora of individual beagle dogs reared under similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124756713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_43
K. Yazawa, A. Nakajima, Z. Tamura
Among 45 Bifidobacterium strains of adult origin , all required a sugar source (ex. lactose) and pantethine (or pantothenic acid), 35 strains required riboflavin , and 12 required thiamine as essential nutrients . Fifteen strains were able to grow on pantothenic acid as well as pantethine. Fewer than 9 strains required other nutrients. The sugar source (10 to 15 g/day), pantethine (50 mg/day) and riboflavin (5 mg/day) were orally administered to 2 healthy adults whose proportion of bifidobacteria in the intestinal florae was usually very low (less than 1% of total bacterial number) . The sugar source was lactulose, raffinose or inulin. Pantethine and riboflavin were packed together in capsules and enteric-coated. Administration of both sugar source and vitamin capsules caused marked growth of bifidobacteria (more than 40% of total bacterial number) in both adults. Administration of the sugar source alone caused moderate growth of bifidobacteria (13%), while administration of the vitamin capsules alone was ineffective. These results indicate that the sugar source is essential for growth of bifidobacteria in adults, as well as in infants, and that administration of pantethine and riboflavin is important.
{"title":"Growth of Bifidobacteria in Adults' Intestines on Oral Administration of Sugar Source, Pantethine and Riboflavin","authors":"K. Yazawa, A. Nakajima, Z. Tamura","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_43","url":null,"abstract":"Among 45 Bifidobacterium strains of adult origin , all required a sugar source (ex. lactose) and pantethine (or pantothenic acid), 35 strains required riboflavin , and 12 required thiamine as essential nutrients . Fifteen strains were able to grow on pantothenic acid as well as pantethine. Fewer than 9 strains required other nutrients. The sugar source (10 to 15 g/day), pantethine (50 mg/day) and riboflavin (5 mg/day) were orally administered to 2 healthy adults whose proportion of bifidobacteria in the intestinal florae was usually very low (less than 1% of total bacterial number) . The sugar source was lactulose, raffinose or inulin. Pantethine and riboflavin were packed together in capsules and enteric-coated. Administration of both sugar source and vitamin capsules caused marked growth of bifidobacteria (more than 40% of total bacterial number) in both adults. Administration of the sugar source alone caused moderate growth of bifidobacteria (13%), while administration of the vitamin capsules alone was ineffective. These results indicate that the sugar source is essential for growth of bifidobacteria in adults, as well as in infants, and that administration of pantethine and riboflavin is important.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123330251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.12.2_87
T. Fujisawa, K. Itoh, T. Mitsuoka
Total 286 strains of lactobacilli were isolated from different segments of the alimentary tract of healthy horses. They were identified by the carbohydrate fermentation patterns and physiological properties as L. salivarius (10 biovars), L. acidophilus (8 biovars), L. reuteri (8 biovars) and Lactobacillus spp. (2 biovars). L. acidophilus and L. reuteri were found in all parts of the alimentary tract, while L. salivarius were not isolated from the stomach. The unidentified Lactobacillus spp. were isolated only from feces.
{"title":"Lactobacilli in the Alimentary Tract of Horses","authors":"T. Fujisawa, K. Itoh, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.12.2_87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.12.2_87","url":null,"abstract":"Total 286 strains of lactobacilli were isolated from different segments of the alimentary tract of healthy horses. They were identified by the carbohydrate fermentation patterns and physiological properties as L. salivarius (10 biovars), L. acidophilus (8 biovars), L. reuteri (8 biovars) and Lactobacillus spp. (2 biovars). L. acidophilus and L. reuteri were found in all parts of the alimentary tract, while L. salivarius were not isolated from the stomach. The unidentified Lactobacillus spp. were isolated only from feces.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124440401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.2_8
H. Hara, Shou-Tou Li, Masakuni Sasaki, T. Maruyama, A. Terada, Y. Ogata, K. Fujita, H. Ishigami, K. Hara, I. Fujimori, T. Mitsuoka
Lactosucrose (4G-B-D-galactosylsucrose) was fermented in vitro by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and to a limited degree by the Bacteroides fragilis group, clostridia, eubacteria, and enterobacteriaceae. The effects of dietary lactosucrose on the fecal flora and fecal metabolites were studied in eight healthy volunteers (20-23 years of age) who ingested 3 g of lactosucrose/day for 7 days followed by 6 g of lactosucrose/day for 7 consecutive days. During lactosucrose intake, the counts of bifidobacteria were increased significantly (p< 0.001), whereas the counts of clostridia, including Clostridium perfringens, and bacteroidaceae were decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with the values before the intake. The total bacterial counts were decreased significantly (p< 0.05) on day 14 during the intake. The frequency of occurrence of lecithinase-negative clostridia was decreased significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the values before and after the intake. No detectable changes occurred in the counts of other organisms throughout the experimental periods. Fecal concentrations of ammonia, sulfide, phenol, ethylphenol, skatol and indole were decreased significantly (p< 0.05) during lactosucrose intake. Acetic acid and lactic acid were increased significantly (p< 0.05) during the intake. Fecal enzyme activity of B-glucuronidase was decreased significantly (p< 0.05) on day 14 of the intake. Serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was increased significantly (p< 0.01) on day 14 during the intake. Mean fecal pH values decreased from 6.3 to 5.9, and mean water content increased 3.6% during the intake. Fecal weight was increased slightly during the intake. The results obtained showed that the effective dose of lactosucrose for all healthy adults is 3 g/day.
乳糖(4g - b - d -半乳糖糖)由双歧杆菌和乳酸菌体外发酵，脆弱拟杆菌群、梭状芽胞杆菌、真细菌和肠杆菌科也有一定程度的体外发酵。在8名健康志愿者(20-23岁)中，研究了膳食蔗糖对粪便菌群和粪便代谢物的影响，他们连续7天每天摄入3g蔗糖，然后连续7天每天摄入6g蔗糖。饲喂乳糖期间，与饲喂前相比，双歧杆菌数量显著增加(p< 0.001)，包括产气荚膜梭菌在内的梭菌数量和拟杆菌科数量显著减少(p<0.05)。饲粮第14天细菌总数显著降低(p< 0.05)。与摄入前后相比，卵磷脂酶阴性梭菌的出现频率显著降低(p<0.05)。在整个实验期间，其他生物的计数没有发生可检测到的变化。饲喂乳糖后，粪便中氨、硫化物、苯酚、乙酚、甲胺醇和吲哚的浓度显著降低(p< 0.05)。采食期间乙酸和乳酸显著升高(p< 0.05)。饲粮第14天粪便中b -葡萄糖醛酸酶活性显著降低(p< 0.05)。饲粮第14天血清极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)极显著升高(p< 0.01)。平均粪便pH值从6.3降至5.9，平均含水量增加3.6%。进食期间粪便重量略有增加。结果表明，所有健康成人的有效剂量为3 g/d。
{"title":"Effective Dose of Lactosucrose on Fecal Flora and Fecal Metabolites of Humans","authors":"H. Hara, Shou-Tou Li, Masakuni Sasaki, T. Maruyama, A. Terada, Y. Ogata, K. Fujita, H. Ishigami, K. Hara, I. Fujimori, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.2_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.2_8","url":null,"abstract":"Lactosucrose (4G-B-D-galactosylsucrose) was fermented in vitro by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and to a limited degree by the Bacteroides fragilis group, clostridia, eubacteria, and enterobacteriaceae. The effects of dietary lactosucrose on the fecal flora and fecal metabolites were studied in eight healthy volunteers (20-23 years of age) who ingested 3 g of lactosucrose/day for 7 days followed by 6 g of lactosucrose/day for 7 consecutive days. During lactosucrose intake, the counts of bifidobacteria were increased significantly (p< 0.001), whereas the counts of clostridia, including Clostridium perfringens, and bacteroidaceae were decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with the values before the intake. The total bacterial counts were decreased significantly (p< 0.05) on day 14 during the intake. The frequency of occurrence of lecithinase-negative clostridia was decreased significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the values before and after the intake. No detectable changes occurred in the counts of other organisms throughout the experimental periods. Fecal concentrations of ammonia, sulfide, phenol, ethylphenol, skatol and indole were decreased significantly (p< 0.05) during lactosucrose intake. Acetic acid and lactic acid were increased significantly (p< 0.05) during the intake. Fecal enzyme activity of B-glucuronidase was decreased significantly (p< 0.05) on day 14 of the intake. Serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was increased significantly (p< 0.01) on day 14 during the intake. Mean fecal pH values decreased from 6.3 to 5.9, and mean water content increased 3.6% during the intake. Fecal weight was increased slightly during the intake. The results obtained showed that the effective dose of lactosucrose for all healthy adults is 3 g/day.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114811557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_17
R. Tanaka, H. Takayama, M. Morotomi, T. Kuroshima, S. Ueyama, Keisuke Matsumoto, A. Kuroda, M. Mutai
We studied the effects of administration of TOS, a new growth factor derived from lactose for Bifidobacterium, and Bifidobacterium breve 4006 on the fecal flora of normal subjects. All of the Bifidobacterium species tested, eight reference strains and B. breve 4006 were capable of fermenting TOS in vitro, while others, 2 Bacteroides strains and 4 Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceae strains, showed an appreciable growth among 55 cultures tested. It was evident that TOS is not intestinally absorbed by the recipient subjects, from hydrogen breath test. In vivo, TOS (3g or 10g/day) was observed to promote the growth of both administered B. breve 4006 and resident Bifidobacterium strains. Simultaneous administration of B. breve 4006 and TOS caused the suppression of gram negative anaerobes and aerobes, Bacteroidaceae nd Enterobacteriaceae , and the reduction of fecal ammonia and urinary indican excretion. It is concluded that TOS is a typical bifidus factor.
{"title":"Effects of Administration of TOS and Bifidobacterium breve 4006 on the Human Fecal Flora","authors":"R. Tanaka, H. Takayama, M. Morotomi, T. Kuroshima, S. Ueyama, Keisuke Matsumoto, A. Kuroda, M. Mutai","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_17","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the effects of administration of TOS, a new growth factor derived from lactose for Bifidobacterium, and Bifidobacterium breve 4006 on the fecal flora of normal subjects. All of the Bifidobacterium species tested, eight reference strains and B. breve 4006 were capable of fermenting TOS in vitro, while others, 2 Bacteroides strains and 4 Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceae strains, showed an appreciable growth among 55 cultures tested. It was evident that TOS is not intestinally absorbed by the recipient subjects, from hydrogen breath test. In vivo, TOS (3g or 10g/day) was observed to promote the growth of both administered B. breve 4006 and resident Bifidobacterium strains. Simultaneous administration of B. breve 4006 and TOS caused the suppression of gram negative anaerobes and aerobes, Bacteroidaceae nd Enterobacteriaceae , and the reduction of fecal ammonia and urinary indican excretion. It is concluded that TOS is a typical bifidus factor.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114720190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.1.1_51
Jin Said, K. Mochizuki, N. Homma
The affinity of Bifidobacterium (bifidus) to the mucosal epithelial cells of the ileum was studied. It was clarified that the polysaccharide fraction of the bifidus partici pated in the process of affinity. The changes of the intestinal flora of newborn infants were studied. Within two or three months of birth , a predominance of anaerobic bacteria was established, after which gradual changes in the common intestinal flora of the children occurred. Research on the species level of the bifidus in a mother and her baby revealed that soon after birth both mother and baby had the same species but that in the baby, there was a gradual change in species specific to the individual. The time of these displacements coincided with the appearance of antibody production of blood type substance in the newborn infant .
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