يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على معاني تراكيب (كان) واستعمالاتها في الروايات العربية المترجمة من الإنجليزية؛ وذلك من أجل دراسة استعمالات المترجمين العرب لتراكيب (كان) من اللغة الإنجليزية فيما يخص دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها، ومن ثم التعرف على مدى تطابق الترجمة لدلالات تراكيب (كان) التي اقترحها النحاة العرب، ومدى مطابقتها لقواعد اللغة الإنجليزية، وتتحدد النصوص المستخدمة في بعض الروايات وهي: الزنبقة السوداء والفرسان الثلاثة، مغامرات شيرلوك هولمز عصبة الرؤوس الحمراء، وإما، جون اوستن. قام الباحث ببيان موجز حول دلالات تراكيب كان في العربية، وما ينتج منها من دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها من حيث الانقطاع والاستمرار، وعرض موجز للأزمنة اللغوية الإنجليزية وجهاتها، ثم قام بالمقارنة بين النصين الإنجليزي والعربي من حيث الدلالة على الزمن والجهة، وقد توصل الباحث إلى أن هناك مطابقة في الدلالة على الزمن في بعض الترجمات، كما أن هناك عدولا إلى صيغ أخرى مختلفة تختلف باختلاف السياق. الكلمات المفتاحيّة: تراكيب (كان)، الزمن، الجهة. Abstract This article aims to identify the meaning of “Kana” clauses and its usage in Arabic novel translated from English by studying how Arab translators used these clauses from English in terms of tense and aspects. This is also to identify equivalence of the Arabic translation in the light of meanings suggested by Arab Grammarians and English grammar. Four novels were studied namely: Black Tulip, The Three Musketeers, The adventures of Sherlock Holmes-The Red-Headed League, Emma, and Jane Austin. The meaning of كان and its aspects in terms of progressiveness and perfect was studied. Arabic and English sample texts were compared in aspects of tense and aspects. Results show that there were equivalents in signifying tense in some translations. There were also usages of different forms between Arabic and English depending on contexts. Keywords: “Kana” Clauses, Tense, Aspect.
本研究的目的是确定由英文翻译的阿拉伯叙述中(kan)的含义和用途;为了研究阿拉伯译者在时间动作的含义和方向上使用英语配对(kan)，从而确定阿拉伯雕刻家提出的配对(can)的翻译在多大程度上符合英文语法，以及在多大程度上符合英文语法，在某些小说中使用的文字:黑郁金香和三骑士、《黑头联盟福尔摩斯冒险冒险》，或约翰·奥斯汀。研究员简要介绍了阿拉伯语的基调，由此产生的时间动词在中断和延续方面的含义，并简要介绍了英语和阿拉伯语的时间时间，然后比较了英文版和阿拉伯文文版的时间时间，并得出结论认为，在某些译本中，时间是一致的，其他版本因不同而有所不同。关键词:构造、时间、方向。在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区，由一个由“荷兰人”和“荷兰人”组成的“荷兰人”的组成部分。这是对欧洲转型的平等的一个问题，因为它涉及到的问题是阿富汗人的的问题。侠novels本studied namely: Musketeers,三号The adventures》黑Tulip, Sherlock Holmes-The Red-Headed League, Emma,和Jane Austin.进展的进展和其他方面的进展。拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会(欧洲经委会)在转移中的公平分配的影响。各不同部门的地位和对地位的决定。“食人鱼”、“食草鱼”、“丝网”。
{"title":"استعمالات تراكيب (كان) في الروايات العربية المترجمة من الإنجليزية: دراسة في الزمن والجهة (The Usage of Kaana Clauses in the Arabic Novels Translated from English: A Study on Tense and Aspect)","authors":"محمد بو عبد الله","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I2.816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I2.816","url":null,"abstract":"يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على معاني تراكيب (كان) واستعمالاتها في الروايات العربية المترجمة من الإنجليزية؛ وذلك من أجل دراسة استعمالات المترجمين العرب لتراكيب (كان) من اللغة الإنجليزية فيما يخص دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها، ومن ثم التعرف على مدى تطابق الترجمة لدلالات تراكيب (كان) التي اقترحها النحاة العرب، ومدى مطابقتها لقواعد اللغة الإنجليزية، وتتحدد النصوص المستخدمة في بعض الروايات وهي: الزنبقة السوداء والفرسان الثلاثة، مغامرات شيرلوك هولمز عصبة الرؤوس الحمراء، وإما، جون اوستن. قام الباحث ببيان موجز حول دلالات تراكيب كان في العربية، وما ينتج منها من دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها من حيث الانقطاع والاستمرار، وعرض موجز للأزمنة اللغوية الإنجليزية وجهاتها، ثم قام بالمقارنة بين النصين الإنجليزي والعربي من حيث الدلالة على الزمن والجهة، وقد توصل الباحث إلى أن هناك مطابقة في الدلالة على الزمن في بعض الترجمات، كما أن هناك عدولا إلى صيغ أخرى مختلفة تختلف باختلاف السياق. \u0000 \u0000الكلمات المفتاحيّة: تراكيب (كان)، الزمن، الجهة. \u0000Abstract \u0000This article aims to identify the meaning of “Kana” clauses and its usage in Arabic novel translated from English by studying how Arab translators used these clauses from English in terms of tense and aspects. This is also to identify equivalence of the Arabic translation in the light of meanings suggested by Arab Grammarians and English grammar. Four novels were studied namely: Black Tulip, The Three Musketeers, The adventures of Sherlock Holmes-The Red-Headed League, Emma, and Jane Austin. The meaning of كان and its aspects in terms of progressiveness and perfect was studied. Arabic and English sample texts were compared in aspects of tense and aspects. Results show that there were equivalents in signifying tense in some translations. There were also usages of different forms between Arabic and English depending on contexts. \u0000Keywords: “Kana” Clauses, Tense, Aspect.","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121132903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
أبرز النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ملامح الدولة الإسلامية ومقاصدها، وتجلى ذلك في أول القرارات الصادرة منه وهو إنشاء مقر تنطلق منه فعاليات هذه الدولة الفتية وهو المسجد، وتأسيس علاقة اجتماعية تضامنية تجانس المجتمع الجديد وهي المؤاخاة بين المهاجرين والأنصار ووثيقة تبين العلاقة بين مكونات مجتمع المدينة وهي وثيقة المدينة. تسعى هذ الدراسة إلى بيان إسهامات الوقف في التنمية العلمية، وتطور محاضن التعليم، ونشأة المدراس الإسلامية، ودور الوقف في الرعاية الصحية وبناء المستشفيات. من نتائج الدراسة ما يأتي: اتضح مما سبق الدور الكبير الذي قام به نظام الوقف في ازدهار الحضارة الإسلامية على وجه العموم وفي نظام التعليم والصحة على وجه الخصوص، وتبين لنا دور الوقف وتأثيره في توجيه الفكر، وكيف أدت المدارس الوقفية والتي قيدها الواقفون بشروط منهجية في نشر المنهج أو المذهب الذي حدده الواقف، وفي الجانب الصحي عملت الأوقاف الصحية نقلة نوعية في الرعاية الصحية وانعكس ذلك على حياة الناس، وإن الخدمات التعليمية والصحية عندما تخرج من الإطار النفعي والربحي، قد يكون لها أثر سلبي؛ حيث يتعامل معها سلعة. الكلمات المفتاحية: الوقف، التعليم، المدارس الدينية، الرعاية الصحية. Abstract The Prophet (PBUH) had highlighted the features of the Islamic state and its purposes. This was manifested amongst the very first decisions he (PBUH) made, one of them was the establishment of mosque, where the activities of this young state started, as well as the establishment of a social and solidarity relationship between the al-muhajirun and the ansar. Among the decisions also was the declaration of the Constitution of Medina, the constitution that declared relationship between the entities of Medina settlers. This study seeks to demonstrate the contributions of the Waqf to scientific development, the development of educational incubators, the emergence of Islamic schools, the role of the Waqf in health care and the construction of hospitals. The results of the study indicate that Waqf system played a significant role in flourishing Islamic civilization in general and in the education system and health in particular. It also shows us the role of the Waqf in guiding thoughts and spreading curriculum or doctrine defined by the endowers. On the health side, the Waqf has led to a paradigm shift, and hence reflected on the lives of people. The study also indicates that excluding educational and health services out of the beneficial and profitable framework, it may have negative effects. Keywords: Endowment, Education, Islamic School, Healthcare.
{"title":"دور الوقف التنموي في الحضارة الإسلامية (The Developmental Role of Endowment in the Islamic Civilization)","authors":"أحمد علوي السقاف","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I2.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I2.817","url":null,"abstract":"أبرز النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ملامح الدولة الإسلامية ومقاصدها، وتجلى ذلك في أول القرارات الصادرة منه وهو إنشاء مقر تنطلق منه فعاليات هذه الدولة الفتية وهو المسجد، وتأسيس علاقة اجتماعية تضامنية تجانس المجتمع الجديد وهي المؤاخاة بين المهاجرين والأنصار ووثيقة تبين العلاقة بين مكونات مجتمع المدينة وهي وثيقة المدينة. تسعى هذ الدراسة إلى بيان إسهامات الوقف في التنمية العلمية، وتطور محاضن التعليم، ونشأة المدراس الإسلامية، ودور الوقف في الرعاية الصحية وبناء المستشفيات. من نتائج الدراسة ما يأتي: اتضح مما سبق الدور الكبير الذي قام به نظام الوقف في ازدهار الحضارة الإسلامية على وجه العموم وفي نظام التعليم والصحة على وجه الخصوص، وتبين لنا دور الوقف وتأثيره في توجيه الفكر، وكيف أدت المدارس الوقفية والتي قيدها الواقفون بشروط منهجية في نشر المنهج أو المذهب الذي حدده الواقف، وفي الجانب الصحي عملت الأوقاف الصحية نقلة نوعية في الرعاية الصحية وانعكس ذلك على حياة الناس، وإن الخدمات التعليمية والصحية عندما تخرج من الإطار النفعي والربحي، قد يكون لها أثر سلبي؛ حيث يتعامل معها سلعة. \u0000الكلمات المفتاحية: الوقف، التعليم، المدارس الدينية، الرعاية الصحية. \u0000Abstract \u0000The Prophet (PBUH) had highlighted the features of the Islamic state and its purposes. This was manifested amongst the very first decisions he (PBUH) made, one of them was the establishment of mosque, where the activities of this young state started, as well as the establishment of a social and solidarity relationship between the al-muhajirun and the ansar. Among the decisions also was the declaration of the Constitution of Medina, the constitution that declared relationship between the entities of Medina settlers. This study seeks to demonstrate the contributions of the Waqf to scientific development, the development of educational incubators, the emergence of Islamic schools, the role of the Waqf in health care and the construction of hospitals. The results of the study indicate that Waqf system played a significant role in flourishing Islamic civilization in general and in the education system and health in particular. It also shows us the role of the Waqf in guiding thoughts and spreading curriculum or doctrine defined by the endowers. On the health side, the Waqf has led to a paradigm shift, and hence reflected on the lives of people. The study also indicates that excluding educational and health services out of the beneficial and profitable framework, it may have negative effects. \u0000Keywords: Endowment, Education, Islamic School, Healthcare.","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"2006 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117043353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Post-Independent India is considered as an ethnically diverse multi-ethnic and multireligious republic. Muslims as a minority are granted constitutional rights. However, the environment of the country was communalized against Muslims. Numerous Hindu organizations disagree with Muslim minority rights especially their existence with different identity. They want to change the secular constitution of India and turn it to a Hindu state. Nevertheless, to eradicate and to put an end to this demand the contemporary Muslim scholars want to create an environment of mutual-relationship as an inevitable remedy for a peaceful co- existing between Muslims and Hindus. For this purpose, Muslims are asked to develop a healthy relationship with the people of other faiths; and they must contribute towards the development of the state; and they should convey the true message of Islam to them. This paper aims at shedding light on the role of Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi who recognized the pulse of the time and worked continuously through his writings and organizational activities for religious harmony. In this paper, our study covers Nadwi's works and activities. Nadwi's views for interreligious dialogues, communal harmony and Muslim identity will be explored and analysed. This study follows qualitative approach and depends on books, articles, online academic materials. The finding shows that Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi has enormously contributed to the development of Islamic thought in post-independent India. Keywords: Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi, Payame Insaniyat, co-existence, Muslim Personal Law Board, Muslim Majlis-e Mushawarat. Abstrak India era pasca kemerdekaan dianggap sebagai republik multi-etnik dengan kepelbagaian agama. Sebagai kumpulan minoriti, penduduk Islam diberikan hak-hak dalam perlembagaaan negara. Namun begitu, situasi dalaman negara lebih menjurus kepada meminggirkan komuniti Islam. Sebahagian besar organisasi-organisasi agama Hindu menolak hak-hak Muslim minoriti ini terutamanya daripada segi hak keberadaan mereka yang wujud dengan pelbagai identiti. Tujuan mereka adalah untuk menukar perlembagaan India yang bersifat sekular kepada bentuk negara Hindu secara totok. Demi membasmi dan menghentikan desakan golongan ini, cendekiawan-cendekiawan Islam masa kini merasakan perlunya membina kerjasama dua hala sebagai satu cara penyelesaian mutlak agar keamanan dalam hubungan saling hidup bersama dapat dicapai di antara penganut-penganut Islam dan Hindu. Bagi tujuan ini, penganut Islam disarankan agar membina hubungan yang sihat dengan penganut agama lain; menyumbang kepada kemajuan negara; dan menyampaikan risalah Islam sebenar kepada mereka. Artikel ini bertujuan memberi pencerahan tentang peranan berterusan yang dilakukan oleh Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi yang sedar akan keperluan ini dan melalui penulisan dan aktiviti-aktiviti organisasi, beliau berusaha memperjuangkan keharmonian beragama. Maka pandangan Nadwi tentang dialog antara agama, (dan) keharmonian komuniti dan ide
独立后的印度被认为是一个多民族和多宗教的共和国。穆斯林作为少数民族享有宪法赋予的权利。然而，这个国家的环境是针对穆斯林的社群化。许多印度教组织不同意穆斯林少数民族的权利，特别是他们以不同的身份存在。他们想要改变印度的世俗宪法，把它变成一个印度教国家。然而，为了根除和结束这种要求，当代穆斯林学者希望创造一种相互关系的环境，作为穆斯林与印度教徒和平共处的必然补救措施。为此目的，要求穆斯林与其他信仰的人发展健康的关系;他们必须为国家的发展做出贡献;他们应该向他们传达伊斯兰教的真正信息。这篇文章的目的是阐明阿布·哈桑·阿里·纳德维的作用，他认识到了时代的脉搏，并通过他的著作和组织活动不断地为宗教和谐而努力。在本文中，我们的研究涵盖了Nadwi的作品和活动。将探讨和分析纳德维对宗教间对话、社区和谐和穆斯林身份的看法。本研究遵循定性方法，并依赖于书籍，文章，在线学术资料。这一发现表明，阿布·哈桑·阿里·纳德维对独立后的印度伊斯兰思想的发展做出了巨大贡献。关键词:Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi, Payame Insaniyat，共存，穆斯林个人法委员会，穆斯林Majlis-e Mushawarat[摘要]印度时代的帕斯卡·克莫尔迪克·丹格·塞巴盖共和国，多民族的丹格·克莫尔迪克·巴盖亚共和国。Sebagai kumpulan少数民族，penduduk Islam diberikan hak-hak dalam perlembagaan negara。在伊斯兰教的基础上，伊斯兰教是一个伟大的民族。印度教徒，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族，穆斯林少数民族Tujuan mereka adalah untuk menukar perlembagaan India yang bersifat sekular kepada bentuk negara Hindu secara totok。印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人，印度人是印度人。巴吉·杜鹃尼，巴吉·杜鹃尼，巴吉·杜鹃尼，巴吉·杜鹃尼，巴吉·杜鹃尼;Menyumbang kepada kemajuan negara;dan menyampaikan risalah伊斯兰教，sebenar kepaada mereka。杨Artikel ini bertujuan经纪人pencerahan tentang peranan berterusan dilakukan oleh pokalchuk阿布阿里哈桑Nadwi杨sedar阿坎人keperluan ini丹melalui penulisan丹aktiviti-aktiviti organisasi, beliau会极力memperjuangkan keharmonian beragama。Maka pandangan Nadwi tentang dialog antara agama，(丹)keharmonian komuniti dan identiti穆斯林dikenalpasti dan dianalis。kaedah kaedah kalitatif di mana number utamanya ialah buku, artikel, dankajian ilmiah yang，他是意大利人。印度，印度，印度，印度，印度，印度Kata kunci: Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi, Payame Insaniyat, hubungan saling hidup Bersama, Badan Undang-Undang Peribadi Islam, Majlis Mesyuarat Muslim。
{"title":"The Development of Islamic Thought in Post-Independent India (Perkembangan Pemikiran Islam Era Pasca Kemerdekaan India)","authors":"K. Siddique, Muhammed Mumtaz Ali","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I2.764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I2.764","url":null,"abstract":"Post-Independent India is considered as an ethnically diverse multi-ethnic and multireligious republic. Muslims as a minority are granted constitutional rights. However, the environment of the country was communalized against Muslims. Numerous Hindu organizations disagree with Muslim minority rights especially their existence with different identity. They want to change the secular constitution of India and turn it to a Hindu state. Nevertheless, to eradicate and to put an end to this demand the contemporary Muslim scholars want to create an environment of mutual-relationship as an inevitable remedy for a peaceful co- existing between Muslims and Hindus. For this purpose, Muslims are asked to develop a healthy relationship with the people of other faiths; and they must contribute towards the development of the state; and they should convey the true message of Islam to them. This paper aims at shedding light on the role of Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi who recognized the pulse of the time and worked continuously through his writings and organizational activities for religious harmony. In this paper, our study covers Nadwi's works and activities. Nadwi's views for interreligious dialogues, communal harmony and Muslim identity will be explored and analysed. This study follows qualitative approach and depends on books, articles, online academic materials. The finding shows that Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi has enormously contributed to the development of Islamic thought in post-independent India. \u0000Keywords: Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi, Payame Insaniyat, co-existence, Muslim Personal Law Board, Muslim Majlis-e Mushawarat. \u0000Abstrak \u0000India era pasca kemerdekaan dianggap sebagai republik multi-etnik dengan kepelbagaian agama. Sebagai kumpulan minoriti, penduduk Islam diberikan hak-hak dalam perlembagaaan negara. Namun begitu, situasi dalaman negara lebih menjurus kepada meminggirkan komuniti Islam. Sebahagian besar organisasi-organisasi agama Hindu menolak hak-hak Muslim minoriti ini terutamanya daripada segi hak keberadaan mereka yang wujud dengan pelbagai identiti. Tujuan mereka adalah untuk menukar perlembagaan India yang bersifat sekular kepada bentuk negara Hindu secara totok. Demi membasmi dan menghentikan desakan golongan ini, cendekiawan-cendekiawan Islam masa kini merasakan perlunya membina kerjasama dua hala sebagai satu cara penyelesaian mutlak agar keamanan dalam hubungan saling hidup bersama dapat dicapai di antara penganut-penganut Islam dan Hindu. Bagi tujuan ini, penganut Islam disarankan agar membina hubungan yang sihat dengan penganut agama lain; menyumbang kepada kemajuan negara; dan menyampaikan risalah Islam sebenar kepada mereka. Artikel ini bertujuan memberi pencerahan tentang peranan berterusan yang dilakukan oleh Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi yang sedar akan keperluan ini dan melalui penulisan dan aktiviti-aktiviti organisasi, beliau berusaha memperjuangkan keharmonian beragama. Maka pandangan Nadwi tentang dialog antara agama, (dan) keharmonian komuniti dan ide","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132448939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the barriers that prevent Palestinian refugee children from obtaining education during their transition in the host country, Malaysia. It creates awareness among the Palestinian refugee community about this critical issue which threatens the future of their children who might spend many years without receiving adequate learning opportunities. The present study is based on a qualitative approach which is commonly used to explore recent phenomenon and provide an in-depth understanding of human behaviours and beliefs based on their points of view. It collected data employing semi-structured interviews with 30 Palestinian refugee families moving from Iraq, Syria and the Gaza Strip, and currently residing in Malaysia, waiting to be resettled in a third country through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) office in Kuala Lumpur. Using thematic analysis technique, the research shows that there are economic, institutional and parental challenges preventing the Palestinian refugee children from receiving education in Malaysia. Also, it reveals how such challenges lead to negative psychological impacts among the parents and their children. Moreover, it is found that the parents did not play an adequate role in utilising potential alternative pathways to education. Finally, it offers a realistic solution to return these children to a viable education. Keywords: refugee children, education, UNHCR, MSRI, Palestinian, Malaysia. Abstrak Artikel ini membahaskan cabaran yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin daripada mendapatkan pendidikan semasa tempoh peralihan perpindahan mereka di Malaysia. Ini merupakan isu kritikal yang mengancam masa depan dan peluang pendidikan kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin, yang mungkin berlanjutan sehingga bertahun-tahun. Artikel ini didasarkan kepada pendekatan kualitatif yang biasa digunakan untuk mengkaji fenomena terkini dengan memberi pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai tingkah laku dan kepercayaan berdasarkan pandangan masyarakat. Kajian mengggunakan kaedah pengumpulan data melalui wawancara separa struktur dengan 30 pelarian Palestin yang berpindah dari Iraq, Syria dan Semenanjung Gaza, dan kini tinggal di Malaysia, sementara menunggu untuk ditempatkan semula ke negara ketiga melalui pejabat Pesuruhjaya Tinggi Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu untuk Pelarian (UNHCR) di Kuala Lumpur. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis tematik, hasil penyelidikan menunjukkan terdapat cabaran ekonomi, institusi dan keibubapaan yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin daripada menerima pendidikan di Malaysia. Selain itu, ia mendedahkan bagaimana cabaran sedemikian membawa kepada kesan negatif dari sudut psikologi di kalangan ibu bapa dan anak-anak mereka. Didapati juga para ibu bapa yang tidak memainkan peranan bagi mendapatkan pendidikan yang sepatutnya untuk anak-anak mereka. Akhir sekali, artikel ini menawarkan penyelesaian yang realistik untuk kanak-kanak tersebut mendapat pendidikan yang berda
本文解决了巴勒斯坦难民儿童在东道国马来西亚过渡期间无法获得教育的障碍。它使巴勒斯坦难民社区认识到这一严重问题，因为这一问题威胁到他们的孩子的未来，他们可能多年得不到充分的学习机会。目前的研究是基于一种定性的方法，这种方法通常用于探索最近的现象，并根据他们的观点提供对人类行为和信仰的深入理解。它通过半结构化访谈收集了30个巴勒斯坦难民家庭的数据，这些家庭来自伊拉克、叙利亚和加沙地带，目前居住在马来西亚，等待通过联合国难民事务高级专员办事处(难民署)吉隆坡办事处在第三国重新安置。利用专题分析技术，研究表明，经济、制度和父母的挑战阻碍了巴勒斯坦难民儿童在马来西亚接受教育。此外，它揭示了这些挑战如何导致父母和孩子之间的负面心理影响。此外，我们发现父母在利用潜在的替代教育途径方面没有发挥足够的作用。最后，它提供了一个现实的解决方案，使这些孩子回到一个可行的教育。关键词:难民儿童，教育，联合国难民署，MSRI，巴勒斯坦，马来西亚。[摘要]Artikel ini membahaskan cabaran yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian巴勒斯坦daripada mendapatkan pendidikan semasa tempoh peralihan perpindahan mereka di马来西亚。我的意思是，我的意思是我的意思是我的意思是我的意思是我的意思是我的意思。Artikel ini didasarkan kepada pendekatan质量，杨biasa digunakan untuk mengkaji现象，terkini dengan成员，pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai tingkah laku dan kepercayan berdasarkan pandangan masyarakat。联合国难民事务高级专员公署(联合国难民事务高级专员公署)吉隆坡办事处，巴勒斯坦办事处，伊拉克办事处，叙利亚办事处，加沙办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处，马来西亚办事处。dunan menggunakan技术分析，hasil penyelidikan menunjukkan terdapat cabaran经济，institui dan keibupaan yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian巴勒斯坦daripada menerima pendidikan di Malaysia。Selain itu, i mendedahkan bagaimana cabaran semmikian membawa kepaada kesan negative - dari - susu心理学i kalangan ibu bapa dan anakakmereka。Didapati juga para ibu bapa yang tidak memainkan peranan bagi mendapatkan pendidikan yang sepatutnya unak -anak mereka。阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·塞卡利，阿齐尔·卡齐尔，阿齐尔·卡齐尔，阿齐尔·卡齐尔，阿齐尔·卡齐尔，阿齐尔·卡齐尔，阿齐尔·卡齐尔Kata Kunci: kanak-kanak pelarian, pendidikan, UNHCR, MSRI，巴勒斯坦，马来西亚。
{"title":"The Barriers to Education among the Palestinian Refugee Children in Malaysia (Halangan Pendidikan di Kalangan Kanak-kanak Pelarian Palestin di Malaysia)","authors":"I. M. Eid, R. Rokis","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I2.714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I2.714","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the barriers that prevent Palestinian refugee children from obtaining education during their transition in the host country, Malaysia. It creates awareness among the Palestinian refugee community about this critical issue which threatens the future of their children who might spend many years without receiving adequate learning opportunities. The present study is based on a qualitative approach which is commonly used to explore recent phenomenon and provide an in-depth understanding of human behaviours and beliefs based on their points of view. It collected data employing semi-structured interviews with 30 Palestinian refugee families moving from Iraq, Syria and the Gaza Strip, and currently residing in Malaysia, waiting to be resettled in a third country through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) office in Kuala Lumpur. Using thematic analysis technique, the research shows that there are economic, institutional and parental challenges preventing the Palestinian refugee children from receiving education in Malaysia. Also, it reveals how such challenges lead to negative psychological impacts among the parents and their children. Moreover, it is found that the parents did not play an adequate role in utilising potential alternative pathways to education. Finally, it offers a realistic solution to return these children to a viable education. \u0000Keywords: refugee children, education, UNHCR, MSRI, Palestinian, Malaysia. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Artikel ini membahaskan cabaran yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin daripada mendapatkan pendidikan semasa tempoh peralihan perpindahan mereka di Malaysia. Ini merupakan isu kritikal yang mengancam masa depan dan peluang pendidikan kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin, yang mungkin berlanjutan sehingga bertahun-tahun. Artikel ini didasarkan kepada pendekatan kualitatif yang biasa digunakan untuk mengkaji fenomena terkini dengan memberi pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai tingkah laku dan kepercayaan berdasarkan pandangan masyarakat. Kajian mengggunakan kaedah pengumpulan data melalui wawancara separa struktur dengan 30 pelarian Palestin yang berpindah dari Iraq, Syria dan Semenanjung Gaza, dan kini tinggal di Malaysia, sementara menunggu untuk ditempatkan semula ke negara ketiga melalui pejabat Pesuruhjaya Tinggi Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu untuk Pelarian (UNHCR) di Kuala Lumpur. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis tematik, hasil penyelidikan menunjukkan terdapat cabaran ekonomi, institusi dan keibubapaan yang menghalang kanak-kanak pelarian Palestin daripada menerima pendidikan di Malaysia. Selain itu, ia mendedahkan bagaimana cabaran sedemikian membawa kepada kesan negatif dari sudut psikologi di kalangan ibu bapa dan anak-anak mereka. Didapati juga para ibu bapa yang tidak memainkan peranan bagi mendapatkan pendidikan yang sepatutnya untuk anak-anak mereka. Akhir sekali, artikel ini menawarkan penyelesaian yang realistik untuk kanak-kanak tersebut mendapat pendidikan yang berda","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130118746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharifah Sara Hasliza Syed Hamid, Elmira Akhmetova
This paper analyses the process of independence in Sabah and the consequent Islamisation of its population, which caused the amendment of the State Constitution in 1973. The first part of the paper states that the unification of Sabah with Malaya into the Federation of Malaysia guaranteed its independence from the British colonial rule as well as saved it from the communist threat. The next part of the paper suggests that the Islamisation activities were highly associated with the political needs of the government where the Muslim political leaders strived for increasing the number of their supporters in order to maintain their seats as the ruling government in Sabah. Thus, the paper finds the strong relationship between Islam and politics in modern nation-states, and concludes that the rapid growth of the number of Muslims in Sabah later created the quality problem as their religious education was not seen as the priority by the ruling government. Keywords: Malaysia, Constitution, Islam in Sabah, Independence of Malaya, Islam and Politics, Federation of Malaysia. Abstrak Makalah ini menganalisis sejarah kemerdekaan di Sabah dan proses Islamisasi penduduknya yang menyebabkan pindaan Perlembagaan Negeri pada tahun 1973. Bahagian pertama makalah ini menyatakan bahawa penyatuan Sabah dengan Tanah Melayu ke Persekutuan Malaysia menjaminkan kebebasannya dari penjajahan British serta menyelamatkannya dari ancaman komunis. Bahagian seterusnya menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti pengislaman sangat dikaitkan dengan keperluan politik kerajaan di mana pemimpin politik yang Muslim berusaha meningkatkan jumlah penyokong mereka untuk mengekalkan kerusi mereka sebagai pemerintah di Sabah. Oleh itu, makalah ini mendapati hubungan kuat antara Islam dan politik di negara-negara moden, dan menyimpulkan bahawa pertumbuhan pesat bilangan umat Islam di Sabah kemudiannya menimbulkan masalah kualiti kerana pendidikan agama mereka tidak dilihat sebagai keutamaan oleh kerajaan pemerintah. Kata Kunci: Malaysia, Perlembagaan, Islam di Sabah, Kemerdekaan Malaya, Islam dan Politik, Persekutuan Malaysia.
{"title":"Islam and Politics in Malaysia: The Realisation of Islam as a State Religion in Sabah (Islam dan Politik di Malaysia: Realisasi Islam sebagai Agama Negeri di Sabah)","authors":"Sharifah Sara Hasliza Syed Hamid, Elmira Akhmetova","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I2.734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I2.734","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the process of independence in Sabah and the consequent Islamisation of its population, which caused the amendment of the State Constitution in 1973. The first part of the paper states that the unification of Sabah with Malaya into the Federation of Malaysia guaranteed its independence from the British colonial rule as well as saved it from the communist threat. The next part of the paper suggests that the Islamisation activities were highly associated with the political needs of the government where the Muslim political leaders strived for increasing the number of their supporters in order to maintain their seats as the ruling government in Sabah. Thus, the paper finds the strong relationship between Islam and politics in modern nation-states, and concludes that the rapid growth of the number of Muslims in Sabah later created the quality problem as their religious education was not seen as the priority by the ruling government. \u0000Keywords: Malaysia, Constitution, Islam in Sabah, Independence of Malaya, Islam and Politics, Federation of Malaysia. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Makalah ini menganalisis sejarah kemerdekaan di Sabah dan proses Islamisasi penduduknya yang menyebabkan pindaan Perlembagaan Negeri pada tahun 1973. Bahagian pertama makalah ini menyatakan bahawa penyatuan Sabah dengan Tanah Melayu ke Persekutuan Malaysia menjaminkan kebebasannya dari penjajahan British serta menyelamatkannya dari ancaman komunis. Bahagian seterusnya menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti pengislaman sangat dikaitkan dengan keperluan politik kerajaan di mana pemimpin politik yang Muslim berusaha meningkatkan jumlah penyokong mereka untuk mengekalkan kerusi mereka sebagai pemerintah di Sabah. Oleh itu, makalah ini mendapati hubungan kuat antara Islam dan politik di negara-negara moden, dan menyimpulkan bahawa pertumbuhan pesat bilangan umat Islam di Sabah kemudiannya menimbulkan masalah kualiti kerana pendidikan agama mereka tidak dilihat sebagai keutamaan oleh kerajaan pemerintah. \u0000Kata Kunci: Malaysia, Perlembagaan, Islam di Sabah, Kemerdekaan Malaya, Islam dan Politik, Persekutuan Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126700495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bangzi is a kind of wooden clappers. It was once used by watchmen for time announcement and for indicating danger during emergencies. Jahriyyah, a distinguished Islamic Sufi group in China, was officially labelled as a heterodox Islamic faction because of its rebellion against the government. The rebellion was ignited by a religious dispute between the Huasi faction (a Sufi group of the Hufiyyah order) during the Qianlong period of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. Due to its stigmatization as a “New Faction” during this rebellion, Jahriyyah’s religious activities were conducted secretly. Knocking bangzi instead of the traditional human voice for the call to prayer has become a tradition for Jahriyyah, and the current adherents consider such tradition as “orthodox”, and are therefore reluctant to change it. This paper explores Jahriyyah’s conception of their sonic heritage and suggests that two contextualized dimensions should be taken into account when interpreting the transformation and expression of Islamic factions in China today: first, the political impact of post-Mao policies; and second, the impact of the post-shaykh, or post-factional, era. Keywords: Jahriyyah, Adhān, Islam; Adjustment, Transformation. Abstrak Bangzi merupakan sebuah blok kayu. Ia pernah digunakan oleh pengawas sebagai alat pengumuman dan sebagai alat amaran bahaya semasa kecemasan. Jahriyyah, merupakan tarekat Sufi Islam yang terkenal di China, telah dilabel secara rasmi sebagai puak faksi Islam heterodoks kerana pemberontakannya terhadap kerajaan. Pemberontakan itu disebabkan oleh perselisihan agama antara puak Huasi (kumpulan Sufi di bawah gerakan Hufiyyah) pada zaman pemerintahan Maharaja Qianlong daripada dinasti Qing yang dipimpin oleh Manchu. Kerana stigmatisasinya sebagai "Faksi Baru" semasa pemberontakan ini, kegiatan keagamaan Jahriyyah telah dijalankan secara sembunyi. Memukul bangzi sebagai cara menggantikan azan telah manjadi tradisi tarekat Jahriyyah.dimana para pengikut sekarang menganggap tradisi tersebut merupakan amalan "ortodoks", dan enggan menukarnya dengan amalan lain. Makalah ini menerangkan konsepsi Jahriyyah tentang warisan sonik mereka dan mencadangkan bahawa dua dimensi kontekstualisasi harus diambil kira apabila menafsirkan transformasi dan ekspresi puak Islam di China hari ini: pertama, kesan politik dasar post-Mao; dan kedua, kesan post-shaykh, atau post-faksi, era. Kata Kunci: Jahriyyah, Azan, Islam, Pemindahan, Transformasi.
梆子是一种木制的拍子。它曾被守夜人用来报时和在紧急情况下指示危险。jah - riyyah是中国著名的伊斯兰苏菲派组织，因其对政府的反叛而被官方贴上异端伊斯兰派的标签。清朝乾隆年间，华西派(胡非派的苏菲派)之间的宗教纠纷引发了这场叛乱。由于在这次叛乱中被污名为“新派系”，jah - riyyah的宗教活动是秘密进行的。敲梆子代替传统的人声祈祷已经成为了Jahriyyah的传统，目前的信徒认为这种传统是“正统的”，因此不愿意改变它。本文探讨了Jahriyyah关于他们的声音遗产的概念，并建议在解释当今中国伊斯兰派别的转变和表达时，应考虑两个语境化的维度:第一，后毛政策的政治影响;第二，后谢赫或后派系时代的影响。关键词:《人民日报》Adhān伊斯兰教调整,转换。摘要:Bangzi merupakan sebuah block kayu。i pernah digunakan oleh pengawas sebagai alat pengumuman dan sebagai alat amaran bahaya semasa kecmasan。在中国，苏菲派伊斯兰教是一种宗教信仰，在中国，伊斯兰教是一种宗教信仰。Pemberontakan itu disebabkan oleh perselisihan agama antara puak hufiyah (kumpulan Sufi di bawah gerakan Hufiyyah) pada zaman peremintahan大王公乾隆daripada dinasti清阳dippimpin oleh满文。Kerana stigmatisasinya sebagai“Faksi Baru”semasa pemberontakan ini, kegiatan keagamaan Jahriyyah telah dijalankan secara sembunyi。我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿。Dimana para pengikut sekarang menganggap tradisi tersebut merupakan amalan“ortodoks”，Dan enggan menukarya dengan amalan lain。Makalah ini menerangkan konsepsi Jahriyyah，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，Dan kedua, kesan后shaykh, atau后faksi时代。Kata Kunci: Jahriyyah, Azan, Islam, Pemindahan, Transformasi。
{"title":"Making Adhān or Knocking Bangzi: Sonic Expressions of Jahriyyah Group in Contemporary China (Laungan Azan menggunakan Ketukan Bangzi: Ekxpresi Sonic Tari-kat Jahriyyah di China Kontemporari)","authors":"Ma Qiang, Ma Xinguo","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I1.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I1.778","url":null,"abstract":"Bangzi is a kind of wooden clappers. It was once used by watchmen for time announcement and for indicating danger during emergencies. Jahriyyah, a distinguished Islamic Sufi group in China, was officially labelled as a heterodox Islamic faction because of its rebellion against the government. The rebellion was ignited by a religious dispute between the Huasi faction (a Sufi group of the Hufiyyah order) during the Qianlong period of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. Due to its stigmatization as a “New Faction” during this rebellion, Jahriyyah’s religious activities were conducted secretly. Knocking bangzi instead of the traditional human voice for the call to prayer has become a tradition for Jahriyyah, and the current adherents consider such tradition as “orthodox”, and are therefore reluctant to change it. This paper explores Jahriyyah’s conception of their sonic heritage and suggests that two contextualized dimensions should be taken into account when interpreting the transformation and expression of Islamic factions in China today: first, the political impact of post-Mao policies; and second, the impact of the post-shaykh, or post-factional, era. \u0000Keywords: Jahriyyah, Adhān, Islam; Adjustment, Transformation. \u0000Abstrak \u0000 Bangzi merupakan sebuah blok kayu. Ia pernah digunakan oleh pengawas sebagai alat pengumuman dan sebagai alat amaran bahaya semasa kecemasan. Jahriyyah, merupakan tarekat Sufi Islam yang terkenal di China, telah dilabel secara rasmi sebagai puak faksi Islam heterodoks kerana pemberontakannya terhadap kerajaan. Pemberontakan itu disebabkan oleh perselisihan agama antara puak Huasi (kumpulan Sufi di bawah gerakan Hufiyyah) pada zaman pemerintahan Maharaja Qianlong daripada dinasti Qing yang dipimpin oleh Manchu. Kerana stigmatisasinya sebagai \"Faksi Baru\" semasa pemberontakan ini, kegiatan keagamaan Jahriyyah telah dijalankan secara sembunyi. Memukul bangzi sebagai cara menggantikan azan telah manjadi tradisi tarekat Jahriyyah.dimana para pengikut sekarang menganggap tradisi tersebut merupakan amalan \"ortodoks\", dan enggan menukarnya dengan amalan lain. Makalah ini menerangkan konsepsi Jahriyyah tentang warisan sonik mereka dan mencadangkan bahawa dua dimensi kontekstualisasi harus diambil kira apabila menafsirkan transformasi dan ekspresi puak Islam di China hari ini: pertama, kesan politik dasar post-Mao; dan kedua, kesan post-shaykh, atau post-faksi, era. \u0000Kata Kunci: Jahriyyah, Azan, Islam, Pemindahan, Transformasi. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indonesian Islam was marked by a long history of struggles between the three centuries Colonialization power and the responses of the Muslims to emerge above the socio-political challenges towards reclaiming their identity. During the three hundred years of its ruling, the Dutch attempted its best to gain not only political power over the economic produce of the country but also to win supports and admiration by the public. Along these attempts the Colonial power implemented strategies by means of culture and the adatlaw and other forms of national policies in order to tone down the newly found voice of Reformism reverberated by the Middle Eastern prominent mufassir Muhammad Abduh. Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama became the platforms between Traditionalists and Modernists Islam of Indonesia. This paper attempts to assess the extent of Colonial involvement in giving the Indonesian Islam its identity together with responses exhibited by the Muslims towards the these challenges. Historical accounts of Islam in Indonesia shall be examined from year 1600 until 1942. Keywords: Indonesian Islam, Dutch Colonial Policies, Muslim Responses, Modernist Movement, Traditionalists. Abstrak Islam Indonesia melalui sejarah perjuangan yang panjang selama tiga abad penjajahan Belanda ke atas Indonesia serta respon umat Islam ke atas cabaran sosio-politik bagi mengekalkan identiti mereka. Sepanjang tiga ratus tahun pemerintahannya, Belanda berusaha sebaik mungkin untuk mendapatkan bukan sahaja kuasa politik ke atas hasil ekonomi negara tetapi juga untuk memenangi sokongan masyarakat Indonesia. Sepanjang usaha ini, kuasa Kolonial Belanda melaksanakan strategi kebudayaan dan undang-undang adat sebagai suatu bentuk dasar kebangsaan bagi menundukkan pengaruh Reformisme yang diketengahkan oleh pentafsir Timur Tengah terkemuka Muhammad Abduh. Muhammadiyah dan Nahdatul Ulama menjadi platform perbalahan antara Tradisionalis dan Modernis Islam di Indonesia. Artikel ini cuba menilai sejauh mana penglibatan Belanda dalam mencorak identiti Islam di Indonesia juga meninjau respon yang dipamerkan oleh umat Islam terhadap cabaran-cabaran ini. Data-data sejarah Islam di Indonesia akan diperiksa dari tahun 1600 hingga 1942. Kata Kunci: Islam Indonesia, Polisi/Dasar Penjajahan Belanda, Tindak balas Muslim, Modernis/Reformis, Tradisionalis.
印度尼西亚伊斯兰教的特点是在三个世纪的殖民势力和穆斯林为克服社会政治挑战恢复其身份而作出的反应之间进行斗争的漫长历史。在荷兰统治的三百年中，荷兰人不仅努力获得对国家经济生产的政治权力，而且努力赢得公众的支持和钦佩。在这些尝试中，殖民政权通过文化、法律和其他形式的国家政策来实施战略，以淡化中东著名的穆法西尔·穆罕默德·阿布杜(mufassir Muhammad Abduh)所引起的新发现的改革主义的声音。默罕默迪亚和Nahdatul Ulama成为印度尼西亚传统伊斯兰主义者和现代伊斯兰主义者之间的平台。本文试图评估在赋予印度尼西亚伊斯兰教身份的过程中，殖民地参与的程度，以及穆斯林对这些挑战所表现出的反应。伊斯兰教在印度尼西亚的历史记录将从1600年到1942年进行研究。关键词:印尼伊斯兰教，荷兰殖民政策，穆斯林回应，现代主义运动，传统主义者【摘要】印尼伊斯兰教(melalui sejarah perjuangan yang panjang selama tiga abad penjajahan)印尼伊斯兰教(beranda ke atas Indonesia)对印尼伊斯兰教(umat Islam)的回应，印尼伊斯兰教(atas cabaran)社会政治(bagi mengekalkan identiti mereka)。我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说。这是我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国，我的祖国印尼伊斯兰教现代主义与传统主义的结合。Artikel ini cuba menilai sejauh manpenglibatan Belanda dalam mencorak identiti Islam di Indonesia juga meninjau回应yang dipamerkan oleh umat Islam terhadap cabaran-cabaran ini。数据-数据sejarah Islam di Indonesia akan diperiksa dari tahun 1600 hinga 1942。Kata Kunci:印度尼西亚伊斯兰教，Polisi/Dasar Penjajahan Belanda, Tindak balas Muslim，现代主义者/改革家，传统主义者。
{"title":"Indonesian Islam during the Reign of Colonialism (1600-1942): An Historical Account of Challenges and Responses towards the Dutch Policies (Islam Indonesia di Zaman Penjajahan (1600-1942): Cabaran dan Tindak Balas terhadap Dasar Belanda)","authors":"Nadzrah Ahmad","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I1.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I1.785","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian Islam was marked by a long history of struggles between the three centuries Colonialization power and the responses of the Muslims to emerge above the socio-political challenges towards reclaiming their identity. During the three hundred years of its ruling, the Dutch attempted its best to gain not only political power over the economic produce of the country but also to win supports and admiration by the public. Along these attempts the Colonial power implemented strategies by means of culture and the adatlaw and other forms of national policies in order to tone down the newly found voice of Reformism reverberated by the Middle Eastern prominent mufassir Muhammad Abduh. Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama became the platforms between Traditionalists and Modernists Islam of Indonesia. This paper attempts to assess the extent of Colonial involvement in giving the Indonesian Islam its identity together with responses exhibited by the Muslims towards the these challenges. Historical accounts of Islam in Indonesia shall be examined from year 1600 until 1942. \u0000Keywords: Indonesian Islam, Dutch Colonial Policies, Muslim Responses, Modernist Movement, Traditionalists. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Islam Indonesia melalui sejarah perjuangan yang panjang selama tiga abad penjajahan Belanda ke atas Indonesia serta respon umat Islam ke atas cabaran sosio-politik bagi mengekalkan identiti mereka. Sepanjang tiga ratus tahun pemerintahannya, Belanda berusaha sebaik mungkin untuk mendapatkan bukan sahaja kuasa politik ke atas hasil ekonomi negara tetapi juga untuk memenangi sokongan masyarakat Indonesia. Sepanjang usaha ini, kuasa Kolonial Belanda melaksanakan strategi kebudayaan dan undang-undang adat sebagai suatu bentuk dasar kebangsaan bagi menundukkan pengaruh Reformisme yang diketengahkan oleh pentafsir Timur Tengah terkemuka Muhammad Abduh. Muhammadiyah dan Nahdatul Ulama menjadi platform perbalahan antara Tradisionalis dan Modernis Islam di Indonesia. Artikel ini cuba menilai sejauh mana penglibatan Belanda dalam mencorak identiti Islam di Indonesia juga meninjau respon yang dipamerkan oleh umat Islam terhadap cabaran-cabaran ini. Data-data sejarah Islam di Indonesia akan diperiksa dari tahun 1600 hingga 1942. \u0000Kata Kunci: Islam Indonesia, Polisi/Dasar Penjajahan Belanda, Tindak balas Muslim, Modernis/Reformis, Tradisionalis. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123520690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wei Weng Hew, Chinese Ways of Being Muslim: Negotiating Ethnicity and Religiosity in Indonesia ","authors":"Claudia Seise","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I1.791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I1.791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134391391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hijab wearing among Muslim women is currently seen as a common phenomenon in Malaysia. Is the religious awareness among them on the rise? Or is it just fashion or a trend? Many studies have been conducted to understand factors that influence hijab wearing among Muslim women. Nonetheless, little information is available on the roles that the media play in influencing women’s decision to wear hijab. This study is conducted to find out the perception of Muslim women on the extent to which media and people surrounding them influence their hijab (head cover) wearing. Specifically, the objectives of this study are (1) to find out the patterns of hijab wearing, (2) to find out sources of media influence on hijab wearing among Malay women, (3) to determine sources of social/interpersonal influence on hijab wearing among Malay women, (4) to compare between the media influence and the social/interpersonal influence on hijab wearing among Malaysian women, and (5) to analyze the extent of media and social/interpersonal influence that impact change on hijab wearing. Using data from a survey conducted on 362 female students from an Islamic Higher Education Institution in Malaysia, the findings reveal that Facebook, blog and magazine are the top three highest media influencing impact change on hijab wearing. Parents, friends/colleagues and siblings have more influence on hijab wearing than the other sources. Social/interpersonal influence has a bigger impact than the media in influencing hijab wearing. In addition, both the media influence and the social/interpersonal influence are positively related to one another. The Malay women admit that hijab wearing has much/very much changed them towards being good Muslims. Keywords: hijab wearing, Malay women, media influence, social/interpersonal influence, impact change. Abstrak Pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Islam dilihat sebagai satu fenomena yang biasa di Malaysia. Adakah ia menunjukkan kesedaran agama di kalangan mereka semakin meningkat? Atau ia hanya sekadar fesyen atau gaya hidup? Banyak kajian telah dijalankan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Islam. Walau bagaimana pun, hanya sedikit maklumat berkenaan peranan media dalam mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalamgan wanita Islam. Secara khusus, objektif kajian ini (1) untuk mengetahui bentuk pemakaian hijab, (2) untuk mengetahui sumber pengaruh media terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Melayu, (3) untuk mengetahui sumber pengaruh sosial/interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita, (4) untuk membuat perbandingan antara pengaruh media dan sosial/interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab, dan (5) untuk menganalisa tahap pengaruh media dan sosial/interpersonal ke atas kesan perubahan daripada pemakaian hijab. Satu kaji selidik dijalankan di kalangan 362 pelajar wanita dari sebuah insititusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia, dapatan menunjukkan facebook, blog dan majalah merupakan tiga media yang
在马来西亚，穆斯林妇女戴头巾是一种普遍现象。他们的宗教意识是否在上升?或者这只是一种时尚或趋势?已经进行了许多研究，以了解影响穆斯林妇女戴头巾的因素。然而，关于媒体在影响妇女是否戴头巾的决定方面所起作用的资料很少。这项研究的目的是找出穆斯林妇女对媒体和周围人对她们佩戴头巾的影响程度的看法。具体来说，本研究的目的是(1)找出佩戴头巾的模式，(2)找出媒体对马来妇女佩戴头巾的影响来源，(3)确定社会/人际对马来妇女佩戴头巾的影响来源，(4)比较媒体对马来西亚妇女佩戴头巾的影响和社会/人际对马来西亚妇女佩戴头巾的影响。(5)分析影响头巾佩戴变化的媒体和社会/人际影响的程度。根据对马来西亚一所伊斯兰高等教育机构的362名女学生进行的调查数据，调查结果显示，Facebook、博客和杂志是对佩戴头巾影响最大的三大媒体。父母、朋友/同事和兄弟姐妹对戴头巾的影响比其他来源更大。在影响头巾佩戴方面，社会/人际影响比媒体的影响更大。此外，媒体影响和社会/人际影响都是正相关的。马来妇女承认，戴头巾在很大程度上改变了她们，使她们成为优秀的穆斯林。关键词:头巾佩戴，马来女性，媒体影响，社会/人际影响，影响变化。【摘要】马来西亚穆斯林的头巾(hijab di kalangan wanita Islam)在马来西亚的面纱(diilihat sebagai satu现象)我想我的女儿是谁?我的女儿是谁?在中国，中国是世界上最大的城市之一。Banyak kajian telah dijalankan untuk melihat factor -faktor yang mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Islam。Walau bagaimana pun, hanya sedikit maklumat berkenaan peranan media dalam mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalamgan wanita Islam。Secara khusus, objekif kajian ini (1) untuk mengetahui bentuk pemakaian hijab， (2) untuk mengetahui sumk pengaruh media terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita， (3) untuk mengetahui sumk pengaruh social /interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita， (4) untuk成员perbandingan antara pengaruh media dan social /interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab，丹(5)untuk menganalisa tahap pengaruh媒体丹的社交/人际关系，以kesan perubahan daripada pemakaian头巾。在马来西亚，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说，有媒体说。rakan/rakaan sekerja serta adik beradik pula menpunyai pengaruh yang lebih tinggi dari sumber lain。Pengaruh sosial /人际普拉adalah lebih丁宜受困daripada媒体dalam mempengaruhi pemakaian。Selain daripada itu, kedua-dua pengaruh iititmedia，社交/人际关系adalah berkkaat rapat secara positive - di - antara satama - lain。Wanita Melayu mengakui bahawa pemakaian头巾banyak mempengaruhi mereka untuk menjadi penganut伊斯兰教yang baik。Kata Kunci: pemakaian头巾，wanita Islam, pengaruh media, pengaruh social /interpersonal, kesan perubahan。
{"title":"The Influence of Media on Hijab wearing in Malaysia: A Study among Malays (Pengaruh Media Terhadap Pemakaian Hijab di Malaysia: Satu Kajian di Kalangan Orang Melayu)","authors":"Aini Maznina A. Manaf, Saodah Wok","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I1.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I1.789","url":null,"abstract":"Hijab wearing among Muslim women is currently seen as a common phenomenon in Malaysia. Is the religious awareness among them on the rise? Or is it just fashion or a trend? Many studies have been conducted to understand factors that influence hijab wearing among Muslim women. Nonetheless, little information is available on the roles that the media play in influencing women’s decision to wear hijab. This study is conducted to find out the perception of Muslim women on the extent to which media and people surrounding them influence their hijab (head cover) wearing. Specifically, the objectives of this study are (1) to find out the patterns of hijab wearing, (2) to find out sources of media influence on hijab wearing among Malay women, (3) to determine sources of social/interpersonal influence on hijab wearing among Malay women, (4) to compare between the media influence and the social/interpersonal influence on hijab wearing among Malaysian women, and (5) to analyze the extent of media and social/interpersonal influence that impact change on hijab wearing. Using data from a survey conducted on 362 female students from an Islamic Higher Education Institution in Malaysia, the findings reveal that Facebook, blog and magazine are the top three highest media influencing impact change on hijab wearing. Parents, friends/colleagues and siblings have more influence on hijab wearing than the other sources. Social/interpersonal influence has a bigger impact than the media in influencing hijab wearing. In addition, both the media influence and the social/interpersonal influence are positively related to one another. The Malay women admit that hijab wearing has much/very much changed them towards being good Muslims. \u0000Keywords: hijab wearing, Malay women, media influence, social/interpersonal influence, impact change. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Islam dilihat sebagai satu fenomena yang biasa di Malaysia. Adakah ia menunjukkan kesedaran agama di kalangan mereka semakin meningkat? Atau ia hanya sekadar fesyen atau gaya hidup? Banyak kajian telah dijalankan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Islam. Walau bagaimana pun, hanya sedikit maklumat berkenaan peranan media dalam mempengaruhi pemakaian hijab di kalamgan wanita Islam. Secara khusus, objektif kajian ini (1) untuk mengetahui bentuk pemakaian hijab, (2) untuk mengetahui sumber pengaruh media terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita Melayu, (3) untuk mengetahui sumber pengaruh sosial/interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab di kalangan wanita, (4) untuk membuat perbandingan antara pengaruh media dan sosial/interpersonal terhadap pemakaian hijab, dan (5) untuk menganalisa tahap pengaruh media dan sosial/interpersonal ke atas kesan perubahan daripada pemakaian hijab. Satu kaji selidik dijalankan di kalangan 362 pelajar wanita dari sebuah insititusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia, dapatan menunjukkan facebook, blog dan majalah merupakan tiga media yang ","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134590394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
مجدي حاج إبراهيم, رابعة العدوية بنت محمد علي سيف الدين
حظي الأدب الماليزي الحديث بأعمال في أدب الرحلات صور فيها أصحابها رحلاتهم، ودونوا ما جرى لهم من أحداث ومواقف. تتناول هذه الدراسة كتابين من أدب الرحلات الماليزي؛ هما: "خطوات عبر الزمن" لأرينا واتي، و"رحلة في طلب الحكمة" لعبد الله حسين. وتكشف الدراسة أن كلا الأديبين قدم تقريرا مفصلا ودقيقا عن رحلته الخاصة لأداء مناسك الحج، وعلى الرغم من أن الفارق الزمني بين الرحلتين قصير جدا لا يتجاوز عشر سنوات، فقد سجل كلا الأديبين انطباعا مختلفا عن الآخر تجاه المعاملة التي تلقاها على أرض الحرمين الشريفين لا سيما في مطار الملك عبد العزيز الدولي. ويؤكد الأديبان الماليزيان على ضرورة العمل نحو تحسين الأداء والعمل الإداري والفني والتقني والإجراءات والتدابير الأمنية في المطار، إذ لا بد للمطار أن يكون واجهة حضاريّة تعطي الانطباع الحقيقي عن المستوى الحضاري والحراك التنموي الذي تعيشه البلاد، فهو أول ما ينطبع في أذهان المسافرين القادمين، وآخر ما يترسخ في أذهان المسافرين المغادرين. الكلمات المفتاحية: أدب الرحلات الماليزي، أرينا واتي، عبد الله حسين، المملكة العربية السعودية، مطار الملك عبد العزيز الدولي. Abstract Travel literary works can be found in modern Malay literature in which authors substantially depict their journeys and record events and situations that they see and experience. This paper studies on two books of Malaysian travel literature: "Meniti Kala" by Arena Wati, and "Perjalanan Mencari Hikmah" by Abdullah Hussain. This study found that both authors provided detailed and precise narrative of their journeys while performing Hajj. Although the time difference between those two trips was lesser than ten years, each author had different impressions on the treatment they received on the Holy Land especially at King Abdul Aziz International Airport. It is obvious in their writings that they are on the same page as they emphasise the needs to work on improving performances, administrative and technical works, security procedures and measures at the airport as airport is the hallmark of a country that gives real impression on civilizational level and developmental mobilization that has been experienced by the country. It is the first thing that stamped on incoming travellers’ minds and the last thing that would solidify their impression when they depart. Keywords: Malaysian Travel Literature, Arena Wati, Abdullah Hussain, Saudi Arabia, King Abdul Aziz International Airport.
{"title":"صورة المملكة العربية السعودية في أدب الرحلات الماليزي: مطار الملك عبد العزيز الدولي أنموذجًا (Depiction of Saudi Arabia in the Malaysian Travel Literature: A Study on King Abdul Aziz International Airport )","authors":"مجدي حاج إبراهيم, رابعة العدوية بنت محمد علي سيف الدين","doi":"10.31436/JIA.V16I1.782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/JIA.V16I1.782","url":null,"abstract":"حظي الأدب الماليزي الحديث بأعمال في أدب الرحلات صور فيها أصحابها رحلاتهم، ودونوا ما جرى لهم من أحداث ومواقف. تتناول هذه الدراسة كتابين من أدب الرحلات الماليزي؛ هما: \"خطوات عبر الزمن\" لأرينا واتي، و\"رحلة في طلب الحكمة\" لعبد الله حسين. وتكشف الدراسة أن كلا الأديبين قدم تقريرا مفصلا ودقيقا عن رحلته الخاصة لأداء مناسك الحج، وعلى الرغم من أن الفارق الزمني بين الرحلتين قصير جدا لا يتجاوز عشر سنوات، فقد سجل كلا الأديبين انطباعا مختلفا عن الآخر تجاه المعاملة التي تلقاها على أرض الحرمين الشريفين لا سيما في مطار الملك عبد العزيز الدولي. ويؤكد الأديبان الماليزيان على ضرورة العمل نحو تحسين الأداء والعمل الإداري والفني والتقني والإجراءات والتدابير الأمنية في المطار، إذ لا بد للمطار أن يكون واجهة حضاريّة تعطي الانطباع الحقيقي عن المستوى الحضاري والحراك التنموي الذي تعيشه البلاد، فهو أول ما ينطبع في أذهان المسافرين القادمين، وآخر ما يترسخ في أذهان المسافرين المغادرين. \u0000الكلمات المفتاحية: أدب الرحلات الماليزي، أرينا واتي، عبد الله حسين، المملكة العربية السعودية، مطار الملك عبد العزيز الدولي. \u0000Abstract \u0000Travel literary works can be found in modern Malay literature in which authors substantially depict their journeys and record events and situations that they see and experience. This paper studies on two books of Malaysian travel literature: \"Meniti Kala\" by Arena Wati, and \"Perjalanan Mencari Hikmah\" by Abdullah Hussain. This study found that both authors provided detailed and precise narrative of their journeys while performing Hajj. Although the time difference between those two trips was lesser than ten years, each author had different impressions on the treatment they received on the Holy Land especially at King Abdul Aziz International Airport. It is obvious in their writings that they are on the same page as they emphasise the needs to work on improving performances, administrative and technical works, security procedures and measures at the airport as airport is the hallmark of a country that gives real impression on civilizational level and developmental mobilization that has been experienced by the country. It is the first thing that stamped on incoming travellers’ minds and the last thing that would solidify their impression when they depart. \u0000Keywords: Malaysian Travel Literature, Arena Wati, Abdullah Hussain, Saudi Arabia, King Abdul Aziz International Airport. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":414789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islam in Asia <span style=\"font-size: 0.6em\">(E-ISSN: 2289-8077)</span>","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116877796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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