Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3383
Napas Rattayabundit, Krisana Pokpun
Microplastics content in pet food is a substantial alarm to the raising growth of microplastics in the green environment. In this present study, the existence of synthetic microplastics in cat nutrition samples was produced in Thailand. A total quantity of 50 cat food samples was analyzed to estimate the microplastics via food consumption. The dry and wet cat food samples, 25 of each of them were prepared by putting 80 ml of the sample in 80 ml of water. And the blend was kept in a microwave at 800 W for 3 minutes, mashed, and filtered by means of a 1 mm filter. A tablespoonful of these squashed samples was stored and chosen for analysis through the microscope with 100x enlargement power. The photographs of these trials were recorded by means of the cellular phone lens and were equated with the snapshots of PET constituent parts. Analytical approaches still need to be improved for the proper regaining of microplastics for quantitative evaluation. Thus, research on cat food is crucial to estimate microplastic consumption and lessen this exposure.
{"title":"Manifestation of Microplastics in Cat Chow under Microscopic Examination","authors":"Napas Rattayabundit, Krisana Pokpun","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3383","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics content in pet food is a substantial alarm to the raising growth of microplastics in the green environment. In this present study, the existence of synthetic microplastics in cat nutrition samples was produced in Thailand. A total quantity of 50 cat food samples was analyzed to estimate the microplastics via food consumption. The dry and wet cat food samples, 25 of each of them were prepared by putting 80 ml of the sample in 80 ml of water. And the blend was kept in a microwave at 800 W for 3 minutes, mashed, and filtered by means of a 1 mm filter. A tablespoonful of these squashed samples was stored and chosen for analysis through the microscope with 100x enlargement power. The photographs of these trials were recorded by means of the cellular phone lens and were equated with the snapshots of PET constituent parts. Analytical approaches still need to be improved for the proper regaining of microplastics for quantitative evaluation. Thus, research on cat food is crucial to estimate microplastic consumption and lessen this exposure.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116128791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3381
J. Sivakumar, S. Bhuvaneswari, S. Venu, S. Sivakumar, C. Shanmugasundaram, P. Sankarganesh
Acute toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on histological alterations in the different organs like gills, hepatopancreas and ovary of anomuran crab, Emerita asiatica was studied. Though Emerita asiatica is not a commercially viable crab, but it plays a vital role in the environment to maintain a stable marine ecosystem. Several steps and precautions measures should be taken to conserve these members of the marine food chain to have a stable ecosystem and also to protect this species from extinction. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chlorpyrifos which has been legally banned in India is justified. It has been proved by several workers and has been conformed in present investigation that use of this Chlorpyrifos causes serious damage to the vital organ of sand crabs gill, hepatopancreas and ovary. The application of Chlorpyrifos could be reduced in the agricultural field to nearby coastal regions.
{"title":"Acute Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on Histological Alterations in the Anomuran Crab, Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)","authors":"J. Sivakumar, S. Bhuvaneswari, S. Venu, S. Sivakumar, C. Shanmugasundaram, P. Sankarganesh","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3381","url":null,"abstract":"Acute toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on histological alterations in the different organs like gills, hepatopancreas and ovary of anomuran crab, Emerita asiatica was studied. Though Emerita asiatica is not a commercially viable crab, but it plays a vital role in the environment to maintain a stable marine ecosystem. Several steps and precautions measures should be taken to conserve these members of the marine food chain to have a stable ecosystem and also to protect this species from extinction. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chlorpyrifos which has been legally banned in India is justified. It has been proved by several workers and has been conformed in present investigation that use of this Chlorpyrifos causes serious damage to the vital organ of sand crabs gill, hepatopancreas and ovary. The application of Chlorpyrifos could be reduced in the agricultural field to nearby coastal regions.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132923650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-29DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3339
Amibor Kingsley Chiedu, Ujomu Christopher Akamaguna, Enaike Evangeline
Pharmaceutical care is a patient centered, outcome-oriented practice, requiring collaboration between the pharmacist, other care givers and the patient. In Nigeria, pharmacy practice is still majorly product based. Implementation of pharmaceutical care in hospitals in Nigeria since its introduction several years ago has remained erratic. This study evaluated practice of pharmaceutical care among hospital pharmacists in Delta State. This was a prospective study using a structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire to 55 hospital and administrative pharmacists that gathered in Asaba in July 2018 for the quarterly meeting of their Association. The four-part Questionnaire evaluated demographics of respondents, pharmaceutical care practices carried out, reasons for not implementing pharmaceutical care and suggestions on how pharmaceutical care can be implemented in their various hospitals. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive and chi square statistics were obtained. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 55 questionnaires were distributed, 50 were returned, giving a response rate of 90.9%. Majority (40.0%) were aged 20-29 years; there were more males (52.0%) than females. Majority (56.0%) were married, about one quarter (24.0%) were in practice for 1-5 years. More than half (58.0%) were sole holders of Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. Majority (66.0%) were practicing at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba. Pharmaceutical care practices carried out included monitoring patient response to therapy (58.0%), identification of errors in patient prescriptions (88.0%), interventions to correct detected errors (86.0%), documentation of pharmaceutical care activities (72.0%), medication review with physicians (54.0%), participation in pharmacists ward rounds (16.0%). However, only 4.0% of respondents counselled patients during interventions to rectify drug therapy problems. Among factors responsible for non-implementation of pharmaceutical care were lack of collaboration (20.0%) lack of space (6.0%), non-acceptance by physicians and nurses and lack of personnel were 10.0% each. Association between location of practice and monitoring improvement in patient response was statistically significant (c2 =23.112, P = 0.003). Practice of pharmaceutical care among pharmacists that converged for the quarterly meeting was average. There is need for pharmacists to improve in the area of monitoring patient’s response to pharmacotherapy as well as sharpen their counselling skills so that they can render effective drug information services to patients and other healthcare providers.
药学服务是一种以患者为中心、以结果为导向的实践，需要药剂师、其他护理人员和患者之间的合作。在尼日利亚，药房实践仍然主要以产品为基础。尼日利亚的医院自几年前引进药学服务以来，其实施情况一直不稳定。本研究评估了德尔塔州医院药剂师的药学服务实践。这是一项前瞻性研究，对55名医院和行政药剂师进行了结构化、预测试和自我管理的问卷调查，这些药剂师于2018年7月聚集在Asaba参加其协会的季度会议。问卷共分为四部分，评估了受访者的人口统计数据、开展的药学服务实践、不实施药学服务的原因以及对各医院如何实施药学服务的建议。获得的数据使用SPSS Version 22进行分析。获得描述性统计和卡方统计。P值小于0.05认为有统计学意义。共发放问卷55份，回收问卷50份，回复率90.9%。年龄以20 ~ 29岁为主(40.0%);男性多于女性(52.0%)。大多数(56.0%)已婚，约四分之一(24.0%)执业1-5年。超过一半(58.0%)是药学学士学位的唯一持有人。大多数(66.0%)在Asaba联邦医疗中心执业。开展的药学服务实践包括监测患者对治疗的反应(58.0%)、识别患者处方中的错误(88.0%)、纠正发现的错误的干预措施(86.0%)、记录药学服务活动(72.0%)、与医生进行药物审查(54.0%)、参与药剂师查房(16.0%)。然而，只有4.0%的受访者在干预期间对患者进行咨询，以纠正药物治疗问题。导致药学服务不落实的因素分别为缺乏协作(20.0%)、空间不足(6.0%)、医生和护士不接受和人员不足(10.0%)。执业地点与患者监测反应改善之间的相关性有统计学意义(c2 =23.112, P = 0.003)。参加季度会议的药师药学服务实践水平一般。药剂师需要改善对病人药物治疗反应的监测，并提高他们的咨询技巧，以便他们能够向病人和其他医疗保健提供者提供有效的药物信息服务。
{"title":"Pharmaceutical Care Practices among Hospital Pharmacists in a State in Nigeria","authors":"Amibor Kingsley Chiedu, Ujomu Christopher Akamaguna, Enaike Evangeline","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3339","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical care is a patient centered, outcome-oriented practice, requiring collaboration between the pharmacist, other care givers and the patient. In Nigeria, pharmacy practice is still majorly product based. Implementation of pharmaceutical care in hospitals in Nigeria since its introduction several years ago has remained erratic. This study evaluated practice of pharmaceutical care among hospital pharmacists in Delta State. This was a prospective study using a structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire to 55 hospital and administrative pharmacists that gathered in Asaba in July 2018 for the quarterly meeting of their Association. The four-part Questionnaire evaluated demographics of respondents, pharmaceutical care practices carried out, reasons for not implementing pharmaceutical care and suggestions on how pharmaceutical care can be implemented in their various hospitals. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive and chi square statistics were obtained. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 55 questionnaires were distributed, 50 were returned, giving a response rate of 90.9%. Majority (40.0%) were aged 20-29 years; there were more males (52.0%) than females. Majority (56.0%) were married, about one quarter (24.0%) were in practice for 1-5 years. More than half (58.0%) were sole holders of Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. Majority (66.0%) were practicing at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba. Pharmaceutical care practices carried out included monitoring patient response to therapy (58.0%), identification of errors in patient prescriptions (88.0%), interventions to correct detected errors (86.0%), documentation of pharmaceutical care activities (72.0%), medication review with physicians (54.0%), participation in pharmacists ward rounds (16.0%). However, only 4.0% of respondents counselled patients during interventions to rectify drug therapy problems. Among factors responsible for non-implementation of pharmaceutical care were lack of collaboration (20.0%) lack of space (6.0%), non-acceptance by physicians and nurses and lack of personnel were 10.0% each. Association between location of practice and monitoring improvement in patient response was statistically significant (c2 =23.112, P = 0.003). Practice of pharmaceutical care among pharmacists that converged for the quarterly meeting was average. There is need for pharmacists to improve in the area of monitoring patient’s response to pharmacotherapy as well as sharpen their counselling skills so that they can render effective drug information services to patients and other healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125112893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-29DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3319
H. Priyanth, S. Sutharsan, L. M. Rifnas, S. Srikrishnah
Green gram (Vigna radiata) is an annual important pulse crop that mainly grown in tropical, subtropical and, temperate regions of Asia. Traditionally it is grown on commercial scale with synthetic fertilizer and on subsistent scale with organic manure. Amirthakaraisal is an organic liquid nutrient solution containing of N, P and K. The present study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of combination of Amirthakaraisal and Cow dung on the growth and yield of Vigna radiata. The experiment was conducted as a pot experiment with six treatments and ten replicates in a completely randomised design (CRD). Which was maintained in open field. The treatments are T1 -100% Amirthakaraisal, T2 - 75% Amirthakaraisal and 25% Cow dung, T3 - 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung, T4 - 25% Amirthakaraisal and 75% Cow dung, T5 - 100% Cow dung, T6 – control(zero treatments). Treatments were applied two week interval according to the pot area. Growth and yield parameters were measured and analysed statistically using ANOVA and means were compared with DMRT at 5% significance level.. The results proved that T3- 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung significantly (P < 0.05) increased the dry weight of shoot (27.27 %), , number of pods per plant (31.03 %), weight of 100 seeds (29.78 %), total yield (33.73 %) in comparison to plants without application of organic manure(T6). T3 given best results when comparing with T1, T2, T4, T5 and also T3 plants were expose their 50% flowering 30 days after planting compared with other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded with the final yield of Vigna radiata that application of 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung to soil increased the growth and yield performance of Vigna radiata.
{"title":"Effects of Organic Manure: Amirthakaraisal and Cow Dung on Performances of Greengram (Vigna radiata) Grown in Pots","authors":"H. Priyanth, S. Sutharsan, L. M. Rifnas, S. Srikrishnah","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3319","url":null,"abstract":"Green gram (Vigna radiata) is an annual important pulse crop that mainly grown in tropical, subtropical and, temperate regions of Asia. Traditionally it is grown on commercial scale with synthetic fertilizer and on subsistent scale with organic manure. Amirthakaraisal is an organic liquid nutrient solution containing of N, P and K. The present study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of combination of Amirthakaraisal and Cow dung on the growth and yield of Vigna radiata. The experiment was conducted as a pot experiment with six treatments and ten replicates in a completely randomised design (CRD). Which was maintained in open field. The treatments are T1 -100% Amirthakaraisal, T2 - 75% Amirthakaraisal and 25% Cow dung, T3 - 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung, T4 - 25% Amirthakaraisal and 75% Cow dung, T5 - 100% Cow dung, T6 – control(zero treatments). Treatments were applied two week interval according to the pot area. Growth and yield parameters were measured and analysed statistically using ANOVA and means were compared with DMRT at 5% significance level.. The results proved that T3- 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung significantly (P < 0.05) increased the dry weight of shoot (27.27 %), , number of pods per plant (31.03 %), weight of 100 seeds (29.78 %), total yield (33.73 %) in comparison to plants without application of organic manure(T6). T3 given best results when comparing with T1, T2, T4, T5 and also T3 plants were expose their 50% flowering 30 days after planting compared with other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded with the final yield of Vigna radiata that application of 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung to soil increased the growth and yield performance of Vigna radiata.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134192741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-29DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3295
S. Samajdar, M. Khandakar, A. Purkait, Satyajit Das, Banashree Sen
In this study, we introduce a technique acknowledged as the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) for obtaining the particular solution of two-dimensional Laplace’s Equation with conditions like Dirichlet, Neumann and the use of different boundary prerequisites to exhibit this method’s potential and reliability. The steady-state condition, which depends on temperature, converts Laplace’s equation into a greater dimension and deforms the equal into a Partial Differential Equation (PDE). Here we additionally tried to discover a comparative measurement in terms of literature survey [1] between the results bought by means of the HPM approach and the same result for the identical equation introduced in any other technique eventually referred to as the Variable Separation Method (VSM). The consequences exhibit that HPM has excessive efficiency and effectiveness in fixing Laplace’s equation. Also dealing without delay with the trouble has a wide variety of benefits and furnished the approximate solution which converges very unexpectedly to a correct answer.
{"title":"The Technique Homotopy Perturbation Method Operated on Laplace Equation","authors":"S. Samajdar, M. Khandakar, A. Purkait, Satyajit Das, Banashree Sen","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3295","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we introduce a technique acknowledged as the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) for obtaining the particular solution of two-dimensional Laplace’s Equation with conditions like Dirichlet, Neumann and the use of different boundary prerequisites to exhibit this method’s potential and reliability. The steady-state condition, which depends on temperature, converts Laplace’s equation into a greater dimension and deforms the equal into a Partial Differential Equation (PDE). Here we additionally tried to discover a comparative measurement in terms of literature survey [1] between the results bought by means of the HPM approach and the same result for the identical equation introduced in any other technique eventually referred to as the Variable Separation Method (VSM). The consequences exhibit that HPM has excessive efficiency and effectiveness in fixing Laplace’s equation. Also dealing without delay with the trouble has a wide variety of benefits and furnished the approximate solution which converges very unexpectedly to a correct answer.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122590741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-29DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3216
Binoy Kurian
Activity based learning (ABL) is apprehended to be a promising approach that improves student learning in higher education. Empirical studies on ABL with a focus on student have been revealed cognitive outcomes, affective outcomes, behavioral outcomes and challenges in implementation. Future researches should investigate more about student learning outcomes and implementation of ABL for knowledge utilization and management.
{"title":"The Study of Activity Based Learning (ABL) and their Challenges in Implementation for Higher Education Institutions","authors":"Binoy Kurian","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3216","url":null,"abstract":"Activity based learning (ABL) is apprehended to be a promising approach that improves student learning in higher education. Empirical studies on ABL with a focus on student have been revealed cognitive outcomes, affective outcomes, behavioral outcomes and challenges in implementation. Future researches should investigate more about student learning outcomes and implementation of ABL for knowledge utilization and management.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124371626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-29DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3273
K. Amibor, B. O. Agbese, C. Mokwunye
Pharmaceutical care continues to gain worldwide acceptance since its introduction over two decades ago. In Nigeria, a variety of forces is slowing down the implementation of pharmaceutical care in healthcare institutions. This study was carried out to determine the barriers to implementation of pharmaceutical care in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. These were achieved through the use of a prospective, cross-sectional study using a structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire to 55 hospital pharmacists in Asaba in July 2018. The four-part Questionnaire evaluated demographics of respondents, knowledge of and reasons for not implementing pharmaceutical care and willingness to practice pharmaceutical care if perceived barriers were removed. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive and chi square statistics were obtained. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 55 questionnaires were administered to hospital pharmacists practicing at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, in 2018. Fifty questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 90.9%. Majority (80.0%) were aged 21-30 years, there were more females (56.0%) than males, most were single (74.0%), a third (34.0%) were holders of the Doctor of Pharmacy degree, nearly half (42.0%) were in practice for less than one year. Barriers identified were difficulty in accessing patients clinical and laboratory data, lack of acceptance by physicians and nurses, lack of space, inadequate number of pharmacists, pharmaceutical care is not feasible without financial incentives, pharmaceutical care required too much time, lack of clinical knowledge, Pharmaceutical care required too much effort, and lack of communication skills. Analysis of sex versus respondents was significant for those who felt pharmaceutical care was not feasible without financial incentives. (c2 = 12.236, *P = 0.022) with female respondents taking the lead (56.0%). This study revealed barriers that are militating against the practice of pharmaceutical care in the study area. Concerted efforts to address these challenges that will involve the management of the hospital, update lectures, attitudinal change by pharmacists and introduction of remuneration for additional services rendered by pharmacists are recommended.
自二十多年前推出以来，药学服务不断获得全世界的认可。在尼日利亚，各种力量正在减缓医疗保健机构实施药物护理的速度。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚某三级医院实施药学服务的障碍。这些是通过2018年7月对Asaba的55名医院药剂师使用结构化、预测试和自我管理的问卷进行前瞻性横断面研究来实现的。由四部分组成的调查问卷评估了受访者的人口统计数据，不实施药学服务的知识和原因，以及如果感知障碍被消除，实施药学服务的意愿。获得的数据使用SPSS Version 22进行分析。获得描述性统计和卡方统计。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。2018年，在Asaba联邦医疗中心执业的医院药剂师共收到55份调查问卷。共回收问卷50份，回复率为90.9%。大多数(80.0%)年龄在21-30岁之间，女性多于男性(56.0%)，大多数(74.0%)单身，三分之一(34.0%)持有药学博士学位，近一半(42.0%)执业时间不足一年。确定的障碍包括难以获取患者临床和实验室数据、医生和护士不接受、缺乏空间、药剂师数量不足、没有财务激励就无法进行药学服务、药学服务需要太多时间、缺乏临床知识、药学服务需要太多努力以及缺乏沟通技巧。性别对受访者的分析对于那些认为没有经济激励就不可行的人来说是很重要的。(c2 = 12.236， *P = 0.022)，其中女性受访者占56.0%。本研究揭示了阻碍在研究区域的药学服务实践的障碍。建议采取协调一致的努力来应对这些挑战，包括医院的管理、更新讲座内容、改变药剂师的态度以及对药剂师提供的额外服务实行报酬。
{"title":"Barriers to Practice of Pharmaceutical Care in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria","authors":"K. Amibor, B. O. Agbese, C. Mokwunye","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.2.3273","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical care continues to gain worldwide acceptance since its introduction over two decades ago. In Nigeria, a variety of forces is slowing down the implementation of pharmaceutical care in healthcare institutions. This study was carried out to determine the barriers to implementation of pharmaceutical care in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. These were achieved through the use of a prospective, cross-sectional study using a structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire to 55 hospital pharmacists in Asaba in July 2018. The four-part Questionnaire evaluated demographics of respondents, knowledge of and reasons for not implementing pharmaceutical care and willingness to practice pharmaceutical care if perceived barriers were removed. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive and chi square statistics were obtained. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 55 questionnaires were administered to hospital pharmacists practicing at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, in 2018. Fifty questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 90.9%. Majority (80.0%) were aged 21-30 years, there were more females (56.0%) than males, most were single (74.0%), a third (34.0%) were holders of the Doctor of Pharmacy degree, nearly half (42.0%) were in practice for less than one year. Barriers identified were difficulty in accessing patients clinical and laboratory data, lack of acceptance by physicians and nurses, lack of space, inadequate number of pharmacists, pharmaceutical care is not feasible without financial incentives, pharmaceutical care required too much time, lack of clinical knowledge, Pharmaceutical care required too much effort, and lack of communication skills. Analysis of sex versus respondents was significant for those who felt pharmaceutical care was not feasible without financial incentives. (c2 = 12.236, *P = 0.022) with female respondents taking the lead (56.0%). This study revealed barriers that are militating against the practice of pharmaceutical care in the study area. Concerted efforts to address these challenges that will involve the management of the hospital, update lectures, attitudinal change by pharmacists and introduction of remuneration for additional services rendered by pharmacists are recommended.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116431001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3182
V. R. Renjith, Sudhi S. Vijayan, A. P. Pradeepkumar
The aim of the present study is to analyze the open access status of geology journals and the impact of open access status on journal indices. This paper intends to measure journal indices for open access journals in geology, and compare them with the indices of non-open access journals in geology. The question of whether publishing in the open access mode is beneficial to authors is examined. The data was collected from Scopus Source List on 10thFebruary 2022. Geology journals were filtered from this. Open Access journals covered by Scopus are recognized as Open Access if the journal is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and/or the Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (ROAD). For each journal, we extracted different scientometric indicators and then compared these scientometric indicators with respect to the journals’ status as Open Access or Non-Open Access. Upon analyzing the difference between 50 OA and 184 non-OA journals with sufficient metric values in Scopus Source List, no significant differences were found between Geology OA and non-OA journals in the indices like citescore, citation count, scholarly output, percent cited, SNIP, SJR and percentile. Publishing in Open Access and non-Open Access journals in Geology will yield citations.
{"title":"Impact of Open Access on Journal Indices of Geology Journals","authors":"V. R. Renjith, Sudhi S. Vijayan, A. P. Pradeepkumar","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3182","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to analyze the open access status of geology journals and the impact of open access status on journal indices. This paper intends to measure journal indices for open access journals in geology, and compare them with the indices of non-open access journals in geology. The question of whether publishing in the open access mode is beneficial to authors is examined. The data was collected from Scopus Source List on 10thFebruary 2022. Geology journals were filtered from this. Open Access journals covered by Scopus are recognized as Open Access if the journal is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and/or the Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (ROAD). For each journal, we extracted different scientometric indicators and then compared these scientometric indicators with respect to the journals’ status as Open Access or Non-Open Access. Upon analyzing the difference between 50 OA and 184 non-OA journals with sufficient metric values in Scopus Source List, no significant differences were found between Geology OA and non-OA journals in the indices like citescore, citation count, scholarly output, percent cited, SNIP, SJR and percentile. Publishing in Open Access and non-Open Access journals in Geology will yield citations.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3203
S. Gupta
Global pandemic Covid- 19 has played a major role in increasing demand of online courses. Blackboards and white screens are gradually shifted to mobile and laptop screens. The e-learning becomes indispensable part in the academic arena. Courses on research methodology are most popular on online platform as research scholars and faculties from different institutions may got involved to their desirable option without facing much trouble of transportation. This paper tries to find out the preference of research fraternity of social science streams while they choose any research methodology course through online. Responses have been gathered using Google form from 1447 researchers of social science streams. Conjoint analysis has been performed to investigate what combination among different levels of attributes a researcher prefers while choosing any research methodology course. Order of attributes has been assigned based on their importance. Logistic regression has been performed to find out the demographic and socio-economic factors that influence the attributes.
{"title":"Preference Based Analysis on Online Course Structure of Research Methodology Using Conjoint Method","authors":"S. Gupta","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3203","url":null,"abstract":"Global pandemic Covid- 19 has played a major role in increasing demand of online courses. Blackboards and white screens are gradually shifted to mobile and laptop screens. The e-learning becomes indispensable part in the academic arena. Courses on research methodology are most popular on online platform as research scholars and faculties from different institutions may got involved to their desirable option without facing much trouble of transportation. This paper tries to find out the preference of research fraternity of social science streams while they choose any research methodology course through online. Responses have been gathered using Google form from 1447 researchers of social science streams. Conjoint analysis has been performed to investigate what combination among different levels of attributes a researcher prefers while choosing any research methodology course. Order of attributes has been assigned based on their importance. Logistic regression has been performed to find out the demographic and socio-economic factors that influence the attributes.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"123 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114087942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3183
Zohaib Hassan Sain, Shahzadi Hina Sain
The purpose of this study is based on exploratory research to identify “Challenges in Quality of Education in HEIs of Pakistan”. Exploratory research approach is used to achieve the objectives of the study in less time and inexpensive means. From the last few years, Pakistan is facing a lot of challenges in education sector such as curriculum, less training institutions, corruption in education, teacher’s behavior, less research work. Emerging issues in education sector are less training institutions and trend towards research work which is essential to follow for the growth and strength of any economy. The purpose of our research is to identify the major challenges in educational sector in Pakistan which the educational sector is suffering from last few years. The researcher used triangulation in order to carry the reliability and validity of the data for results. So, to conduct this triangulation the researcher used questionnaire for the students, questionnaire for the teachers and interviews of the management. In this regard primary data was collected from the focused group of students using a sample of 100 questionnaires for each university were filled by the students of the selected five universities. This attempt of conducting the research will play an important role in the development of Pakistan. In this research Curriculum, Corruption in education, less training institutions, Teacher’s behavior and less research work are independent variables and Quality of Education is dependent variable. In future, we will research on the solution of these problems. To increase the literacy rate, the Govt. of Pakistan has announced that the education is compulsory for sixteen years old for every citizen.
{"title":"Challenges in Quality of Education in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of Pakistan","authors":"Zohaib Hassan Sain, Shahzadi Hina Sain","doi":"10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2022.11.1.3183","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is based on exploratory research to identify “Challenges in Quality of Education in HEIs of Pakistan”. Exploratory research approach is used to achieve the objectives of the study in less time and inexpensive means. From the last few years, Pakistan is facing a lot of challenges in education sector such as curriculum, less training institutions, corruption in education, teacher’s behavior, less research work. Emerging issues in education sector are less training institutions and trend towards research work which is essential to follow for the growth and strength of any economy. The purpose of our research is to identify the major challenges in educational sector in Pakistan which the educational sector is suffering from last few years. The researcher used triangulation in order to carry the reliability and validity of the data for results. So, to conduct this triangulation the researcher used questionnaire for the students, questionnaire for the teachers and interviews of the management. In this regard primary data was collected from the focused group of students using a sample of 100 questionnaires for each university were filled by the students of the selected five universities. This attempt of conducting the research will play an important role in the development of Pakistan. In this research Curriculum, Corruption in education, less training institutions, Teacher’s behavior and less research work are independent variables and Quality of Education is dependent variable. In future, we will research on the solution of these problems. To increase the literacy rate, the Govt. of Pakistan has announced that the education is compulsory for sixteen years old for every citizen.","PeriodicalId":414891,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130000851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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