Mattia Nolé, Gian-Andri Baumann, Christina M. Spengler, F. Beltrami
Introduction Running on a motorized treadmill offers the possibility of precise adjustments in speed as well as more complex monitoring of athletes. On the other hand, the lack of wind resistance compared with outdoor running introduces a possible significant deviation from the expected metabolic cost of running at higher speeds. The literature offers contrasting views on the topic, with older studies suggesting a lower metabolic cost for treadmill running and vice-versa for newer investigations. Nonetheless, a recommendation that treadmills use a 1% inclination gradient to account for the lack of wind resistance remains very influential in the field. We therefore investigated whether cardiorespiratory responses differ between running on a motorized treadmill with a 1% incline compared with running outdoors on a running track at a similar speed. Methods Fourteen highly trained male athletes (age 28 ± 5 years, height 180 ± 6 cm, body mass 70 ± 6 kg and peak oxygen consumption, V̇O2peak, 64 ± 4 mL kg-1･min-1) visited the laboratory on three different occasions, separated at least by 72 h. On the first day, participants performed an incremental running test to determine V̇O2peak and to familiarize themselves with the laboratory settings and equipment. On each of the two subsequent testing days, participants performed, after standardized warm-up, a 5-min run at 14 km･h-1 on either the treadmill (Pulsar It 3P, H/P Cosmos, Germany) or the track, in randomized order. Feedback regarding pacing on the track was given every 200 m. Gas exchange and heart rate were monitored throughout the runs using a portable metabolic cart (Metamax 3B, Cortex, Germany) and a connected heart rate monitor (Polar H10, Polar, Finland). In both conditions, the metabolic cart was carried by the participants using a vest provided by the manufacturer. Comparisons between conditions were performed using paired t-tests. A separate group of 4 individuals performed a set of two runs on the treadmill at 14 km･h-1 (in balanced order), once with 1% incline and once with 0% incline, to investigate the effect of the gradient on V̇O2. Results The results revealed a significant increase in the cardiorespiratory response on the treadmill compared with the track for V̇O2 (+12.6 ± 5.5%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6), heart rate (+5.5 ± 3.7%, p < 0.001, Dz = 1.5), and minute ventilation (+15.0 ± 0.1%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6). Data from the additional four participants showed that a 1% gradient increased V̇O2 by 4.4 ± 2.4% (p = 0.026) compared with a 0% gradient. Discussion/Conclusion This study shows that running on this particular treadmill model induces significantly higher cardiorespiratory responses compared with outdoor running, and that setting the incline to 1% significantly adds to this difference, instead of dampening it. These findings challenge the widely held assumption that treadmills should be set at 1% incline to yield equivalent cardiorespiratory responses to overground running. Each
{"title":"Should a 1% gradient be used to equate the metabolic cost between treadmill and overground running?","authors":"Mattia Nolé, Gian-Andri Baumann, Christina M. Spengler, F. Beltrami","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss064","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Running on a motorized treadmill offers the possibility of precise adjustments in speed as well as more complex monitoring of athletes. On the other hand, the lack of wind resistance compared with outdoor running introduces a possible significant deviation from the expected metabolic cost of running at higher speeds. The literature offers contrasting views on the topic, with older studies suggesting a lower metabolic cost for treadmill running and vice-versa for newer investigations. Nonetheless, a recommendation that treadmills use a 1% inclination gradient to account for the lack of wind resistance remains very influential in the field. We therefore investigated whether cardiorespiratory responses differ between running on a motorized treadmill with a 1% incline compared with running outdoors on a running track at a similar speed. \u0000Methods \u0000Fourteen highly trained male athletes (age 28 ± 5 years, height 180 ± 6 cm, body mass 70 ± 6 kg and peak oxygen consumption, V̇O2peak, 64 ± 4 mL kg-1･min-1) visited the laboratory on three different occasions, separated at least by 72 h. On the first day, participants performed an incremental running test to determine V̇O2peak and to familiarize themselves with the laboratory settings and equipment. On each of the two subsequent testing days, participants performed, after standardized warm-up, a 5-min run at 14 km･h-1 on either the treadmill (Pulsar It 3P, H/P Cosmos, Germany) or the track, in randomized order. Feedback regarding pacing on the track was given every 200 m. Gas exchange and heart rate were monitored throughout the runs using a portable metabolic cart (Metamax 3B, Cortex, Germany) and a connected heart rate monitor (Polar H10, Polar, Finland). In both conditions, the metabolic cart was carried by the participants using a vest provided by the manufacturer. Comparisons between conditions were performed using paired t-tests. A separate group of 4 individuals performed a set of two runs on the treadmill at 14 km･h-1 (in balanced order), once with 1% incline and once with 0% incline, to investigate the effect of the gradient on V̇O2. \u0000Results \u0000The results revealed a significant increase in the cardiorespiratory response on the treadmill compared with the track for V̇O2 (+12.6 ± 5.5%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6), heart rate (+5.5 ± 3.7%, p < 0.001, Dz = 1.5), and minute ventilation (+15.0 ± 0.1%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6). Data from the additional four participants showed that a 1% gradient increased V̇O2 by 4.4 ± 2.4% (p = 0.026) compared with a 0% gradient. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000This study shows that running on this particular treadmill model induces significantly higher cardiorespiratory responses compared with outdoor running, and that setting the incline to 1% significantly adds to this difference, instead of dampening it. These findings challenge the widely held assumption that treadmills should be set at 1% incline to yield equivalent cardiorespiratory responses to overground running. Each","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139858253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Prepubertal children compared to adults manifest neuromuscular differences in a lower voluntary activation and fatigability, as well as a potentially lesser use of larger motor units innervating fast-twitch-fibers (Dotan et al., 2012). While children tend to fatigue more on a central than peripheral level, these trends vary based on exercise modality and muscle group (Ratel et al., 2015; Souron et al., 2022). Furthermore, females incline to fatigue less than males, but research on sex differences in children remains limited (Hunter, 2014). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate neuromuscular age and sex differences in a sustained isometric contraction until failure. Methods 16 prepubertal children (9.2 ± 0.9y) and 16 adults (23.4 ± 2.4y; m = f) performed a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCpre), a failure-task at 60%MVCpre, followed by another MVCpost of knee extensors. Surface electromyography for rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis muscles (VL) was analysed at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the individual time to failure (TTF). Linear models and Cohen’s d effect sizes were used to quantify age and sex differences of TTF, MVCpre-post, as well as root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) of each muscle throughout the fatiguing trial. Results Trivial differences were observed in TTF across age, sex, and age*sex-interaction (d ≤ 0.78). Children displayed a larger decline in MVCpre-post (d = 1.24), whereas sex and age*sex interactions were minimal (d ≤ 0.63). Initially (0% TTF), children had a lower activation in RF, VL and VL (d > 1.32), whereas age-differences across the failure-task were found for RMS VL, MDF RF, VL and VM (d ≥ 0.15), with no prominent sex-differences (d ≤ 0.14). Sex*age-interaction yielded detectable results only in RMS VM (d = -0.36). Conclusion The lower ability to generate an MVCpost combined with a smaller change in EMG parameters in children could be due to more central rather than peripheral fatigue. This is also supported by the lower initial activation in adults, suggesting that larger, more fatigable motor units are initially preserved, which may not be available in children. The small to large effects in neuromuscular fatigability between age and sex groups indicate the need for more in-depth research (tracking of motor units, change of voluntary activation and twitch properties) particularly with regard to sex-related disparities. References Dotan, R., Mitchell, C., Cohen, R., Klentrou, P., Gabriel, D., & Falk, B. (2012). Child-adult differences in muscle activation—A review. Pediatric Exercise Science, 24(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.1.2 Hunter, S. K. (2014). Sex differences in human fatigability: Mechanisms and insight to physiological responses. Acta Physiologica, 210(4), 768–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12234 Ratel, S., Kluka, V., Vicencio, S. G., Jegu, A.-G., Cardenoux, C., Morio, C., Coudeyre, E., & Martin, V. (2015
引言 青春期前的儿童与成人相比，在神经肌肉方面存在差异，表现为自主激活和疲劳程度较低，以及可能较少使用支配快速肌动纤维的较大运动单位（Dotan 等人，2012 年）。虽然儿童倾向于中枢疲劳多于外周疲劳，但这些趋势因运动方式和肌肉群而异（Ratel 等人，2015 年；Souron 等人，2022 年）。此外，女性比男性更容易疲劳，但对儿童性别差异的研究仍然有限（Hunter，2014）。因此，本研究旨在调查神经肌肉在持续等长收缩直至失效时的年龄和性别差异。方法 16 名青春期前儿童（9.2 ± 0.9 岁）和 16 名成人（23.4 ± 2.4 岁；男 = 女）进行最大自主等长收缩（MVCpre），在 60%MVCpre 时进行失败任务，然后再进行一次伸膝的 MVCpost。对股直肌 (RF)、内侧肌 (VM) 和外侧肌 (VL) 的表面肌电图在 0、25、50、75 和 100% 的单次失败时间 (TTF) 进行了分析。采用线性模型和 Cohen's d效应大小来量化整个疲劳试验过程中每块肌肉的 TTF、MVCpre-post、均方根（RMS）和中频（MDF）的年龄和性别差异。结果 观察到不同年龄、性别和年龄*性别交互作用（d ≤ 0.78）的 TTF 存在微小差异。儿童的 MVC 在前后的下降幅度较大（d = 1.24），而性别和年龄*性别的交互作用很小（d ≤ 0.63）。最初（0% TTF），儿童的 RF、VL 和 VL 激活较低（d > 1.32），而在失败任务中，RMS VL、MDF RF、VL 和 VM 存在年龄差异（d ≥ 0.15），性别差异不明显（d ≤ 0.14）。性别*年龄交互作用仅在 RMS VM 中产生了可检测的结果（d = -0.36）。结论 儿童产生 MVCpost 的能力较低，同时 EMG 参数的变化较小，这可能是由于中枢疲劳而非外周疲劳造成的。成人较低的初始激活也证明了这一点，这表明较大的、更易疲劳的运动单元在初始阶段得到了保留，而儿童可能没有这些单元。年龄组和性别组之间在神经肌肉疲劳性方面的影响有大有小，这表明有必要进行更深入的研究（跟踪运动单位、自主激活和抽动特性的变化），特别是与性别有关的差异。参考文献 Dotan, R., Mitchell, C., Cohen, R., Klentrou, P., Gabriel, D., & Falk, B. (2012)。儿童与成人肌肉激活的差异--综述。https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.1.2 Hunter, S. K. (2014).人类疲劳性的性别差异：生理反应的机制和见解。https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12234 Ratel, S., Kluka, V., Vicencio, S. G., Jegu, A.-G., Cardenoux, C., Morio, C., Coudeyre, E., & Martin, V. (2015).洞察男孩和男子神经肌肉疲劳的机制。https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000697 Souron, R., Carayol, M., Martin, V., Enzo, P., Duché, P., & Gruet, M. (2022)。儿童和青少年任务失败和疲劳时间的差异：系统回顾与荟萃分析》。生理学前沿》，13，第 1026012 条。https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1026012。
{"title":"Sex related differences in neuromuscular fatiguability between prepubertal children and young adults","authors":"Romina Ledergerber, Eric Lichtenstein, Ralf Roth","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss058","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Prepubertal children compared to adults manifest neuromuscular differences in a lower voluntary activation and fatigability, as well as a potentially lesser use of larger motor units innervating fast-twitch-fibers (Dotan et al., 2012). While children tend to fatigue more on a central than peripheral level, these trends vary based on exercise modality and muscle group (Ratel et al., 2015; Souron et al., 2022). Furthermore, females incline to fatigue less than males, but research on sex differences in children remains limited (Hunter, 2014). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate neuromuscular age and sex differences in a sustained isometric contraction until failure. \u0000Methods \u000016 prepubertal children (9.2 ± 0.9y) and 16 adults (23.4 ± 2.4y; m = f) performed a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCpre), a failure-task at 60%MVCpre, followed by another MVCpost of knee extensors. Surface electromyography for rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis muscles (VL) was analysed at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the individual time to failure (TTF). Linear models and Cohen’s d effect sizes were used to quantify age and sex differences of TTF, MVCpre-post, as well as root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) of each muscle throughout the fatiguing trial. \u0000Results \u0000Trivial differences were observed in TTF across age, sex, and age*sex-interaction (d ≤ 0.78). Children displayed a larger decline in MVCpre-post (d = 1.24), whereas sex and age*sex interactions were minimal (d ≤ 0.63). \u0000Initially (0% TTF), children had a lower activation in RF, VL and VL (d > 1.32), whereas age-differences across the failure-task were found for RMS VL, MDF RF, VL and VM (d ≥ 0.15), with no prominent sex-differences (d ≤ 0.14). Sex*age-interaction yielded detectable results only in RMS VM (d = -0.36). \u0000Conclusion \u0000The lower ability to generate an MVCpost combined with a smaller change in EMG parameters in children could be due to more central rather than peripheral fatigue. This is also supported by the lower initial activation in adults, suggesting that larger, more fatigable motor units are initially preserved, which may not be available in children. \u0000The small to large effects in neuromuscular fatigability between age and sex groups indicate the need for more in-depth research (tracking of motor units, change of voluntary activation and twitch properties) particularly with regard to sex-related disparities. \u0000References \u0000Dotan, R., Mitchell, C., Cohen, R., Klentrou, P., Gabriel, D., & Falk, B. (2012). Child-adult differences in muscle activation—A review. Pediatric Exercise Science, 24(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.1.2 \u0000Hunter, S. K. (2014). Sex differences in human fatigability: Mechanisms and insight to physiological responses. Acta Physiologica, 210(4), 768–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12234 \u0000Ratel, S., Kluka, V., Vicencio, S. G., Jegu, A.-G., Cardenoux, C., Morio, C., Coudeyre, E., & Martin, V. (2015","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyle G. P. J. M. Bolye, Patrick Schön, F. Beltrami, Matthias Greutmann, Christina M. Spengler
Introduction Congenital heart defects may require surgical intervention such as the Fontan procedure that connects the systemic venous return to the pulmonary arteries. Although this procedure has increased survival, it results in reduced exercise capacity; which is reduced not only due to cardiovascular factors, but respiratory limitations as well. However, there is a lack of evidence outlining ventilatory limitations during constant-load exercise, which better represents exercise in cardiac rehabilitation programs and non-laboratory based exercise. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare responses to constant-load exercise in adult Fontan patients with those of healthy well-matched controls. Methods 14 adult Fontan patients (5F, 27 ± 6yrs) were recruited with 14 healthy matched controls. Participants performed forced vital capacity (FVC), as well as maximal inspiratory and and expiratory pressure assessments (MIP and MEP, respectively). Patients performed an incremental cycling test (ICT) to exhaustion to determine peak work rate. Following a period of recovery, patients performed a constant-load cycling test (CLCT) at 70% of peak ICT work rate until exhaustion. Healthy subjects reproduced the exercise of their matched patient. Cardiorespiratory variables and heart rate (HR) were measured using a metabolic cart and a 12-lead electrocardiogram, respectively. Participants were asked to rate their perception of breathlessness and respiratory exertion via a visual analogue scale every 2 min and at peak exercise. Patients without cardiac pacemakers underwent involuntary assessments of respiratory muscle contractility via phrenic (n = 8) nerve magnetic stimulation before and following exercise to quantify respiratory muscle fatigue. Results Patients showed significantly reduced FVC, MIP and MEP compared to controls (all p < 0.025). Patients’ time-to-exhaustion during the CLCT was 7.1 ± 3.3 min. During CLCT vs. the ICT, patients reached maximal HR, respiratory rate (fR), breathlessness, respiratory exertion, and leg exertion. End-exercise V̇O2 during the CLCT did not reach ICT values, with a mean difference of 1.5 ml/kg/min (p = 0.017). Controls did not reach peak ICT responses during the CLCT. During the CLCT, patients displayed significantly elevated minute ventilation (V̇E; mean difference = 21.5 L/min), fR (mean difference = 13.8 breaths-per-minute), breathlessness (mean difference = 3.4 points), and respiratory exertion (mean difference = 2.3 points), along with significantly decreased ventilatory reserve (V̇E/maximal voluntary ventilation; mean difference = 27.5%; all p < 0.002). Following the CLCT, Fontan patients showed a larger decrease in involuntary respiratory muscle contractility (15 ± 12% vs. 2 ± 11%). Finally, a decreased ventilatory reserve was significantly correlated with decreased MIP (r = 0.723, p = 0.003) and MEP (r = 0.623, p = 0.042). Discussion/Conclusion Fontan patients had a lower-than-expected time-to-exhaus
{"title":"It’s not just the heart: respiratory limitations to constant-load exercise in adult Fontan patients and potential implications for rehabilitation","authors":"Kyle G. P. J. M. Bolye, Patrick Schön, F. Beltrami, Matthias Greutmann, Christina M. Spengler","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss030","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Congenital heart defects may require surgical intervention such as the Fontan procedure that connects the systemic venous return to the pulmonary arteries. Although this procedure has increased survival, it results in reduced exercise capacity; which is reduced not only due to cardiovascular factors, but respiratory limitations as well. However, there is a lack of evidence outlining ventilatory limitations during constant-load exercise, which better represents exercise in cardiac rehabilitation programs and non-laboratory based exercise. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare responses to constant-load exercise in adult Fontan patients with those of healthy well-matched controls.\u0000Methods\u000014 adult Fontan patients (5F, 27 ± 6yrs) were recruited with 14 healthy matched controls. Participants performed forced vital capacity (FVC), as well as maximal inspiratory and and expiratory pressure assessments (MIP and MEP, respectively). Patients performed an incremental cycling test (ICT) to exhaustion to determine peak work rate. Following a period of recovery, patients performed a constant-load cycling test (CLCT) at 70% of peak ICT work rate until exhaustion. Healthy subjects reproduced the exercise of their matched patient. Cardiorespiratory variables and heart rate (HR) were measured using a metabolic cart and a 12-lead electrocardiogram, respectively. Participants were asked to rate their perception of breathlessness and respiratory exertion via a visual analogue scale every 2 min and at peak exercise. Patients without cardiac pacemakers underwent involuntary assessments of respiratory muscle contractility via phrenic (n = 8) nerve magnetic stimulation before and following exercise to quantify respiratory muscle fatigue.\u0000Results\u0000Patients showed significantly reduced FVC, MIP and MEP compared to controls (all p < 0.025). Patients’ time-to-exhaustion during the CLCT was 7.1 ± 3.3 min. During CLCT vs. the ICT, patients reached maximal HR, respiratory rate (fR), breathlessness, respiratory exertion, and leg exertion. End-exercise V̇O2 during the CLCT did not reach ICT values, with a mean difference of 1.5 ml/kg/min (p = 0.017). Controls did not reach peak ICT responses during the CLCT. During the CLCT, patients displayed significantly elevated minute ventilation (V̇E; mean difference = 21.5 L/min), fR (mean difference = 13.8 breaths-per-minute), breathlessness (mean difference = 3.4 points), and respiratory exertion (mean difference = 2.3 points), along with significantly decreased ventilatory reserve (V̇E/maximal voluntary ventilation; mean difference = 27.5%; all p < 0.002). Following the CLCT, Fontan patients showed a larger decrease in involuntary respiratory muscle contractility (15 ± 12% vs. 2 ± 11%). Finally, a decreased ventilatory reserve was significantly correlated with decreased MIP (r = 0.723, p = 0.003) and MEP (r = 0.623, p = 0.042).\u0000Discussion/Conclusion\u0000Fontan patients had a lower-than-expected time-to-exhaus","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Flück, Grégoire Mercier, Silvio Lorenzetti, Marie-Noëlle Giraud
Introduction Introduction A fall in muscle oxygen saturation is a potent activator of mitochondrial biogenesis in exercised skeletal muscle which is subject to the training-modulated influence of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE-I/D; Gasser et al 2022) and may involve paracrine erythropoietin (EPO) signaling (Desplanches et al 2014, Nijholt et al 2021). We tested the hypothesis that erythropoietin expression and signaling in fatiguingly exercised muscle would correspond to the expression of hypoxia-regulated mitochondrial genes and altered metabolic signaling and would be subject to a genetic influence by ACE-I/D. Methods Methods 22 healthy, male white Caucasian men (27.0 +/- 1.4 years; BMI 23.6 +/- 0.6 kg m-2) completed a session of fatiguing one-legged exercise in the fasted state. Microbiopsies were collected from m. vastus lateralis of the non-exercised leg immediately before exercise, and ½, 3, and 8 hours thereafter from the exercising leg. Levels of the hypoxia-regulated cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoforms 1 and 2 (COX4I1 and COX4I2), ACE and EPO transcript, glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis, the ACE-I/D genotype and aerobic fitness state were assessed as described (Desplanches et al 2014; Gasser et al 2022). EPO protein concentration and phosphorylation of intracellular transducers of EPO signaling were quantified in muscle homogenates with validated enzyme-linked immune sorbent and a phospho-kinase assays. Effects and Pearson correlations were assessed with analysis of variance and declared significant at p < 0.05. Results One-legged exercise produced metabolic fatigue as indicated by the voluntary cessation of exercise and a reduced glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis in all subjects ½ hour after exercise (-0.044 mg mg-1). Concomitantly, EPO protein levels were 4-fold lowered; and subsequently increased 3-8 hours after cessation of exercise alike EPO transcripts levels. Aerobically fit ACE I-allele carriers demonstrated a sparing of muscle glycogen, exaggerated EPO transcript response, and higher phosphorylation levels of EPO signal transducers [STAT5a-Y694 (+31%), STAT5b-Y699 (+40%)]. The phosphorylation level of the metabolic signal transducer AMPKa2-T172 correlated to EPO transcript levels 3 hours post exercise (r = 0.61). EPO protein levels correlated to ACE and COX4I2 transcript levels (r = -0.79; -0.54). Discussion The findings highlight that a paracrine loop of metabolically-regulated EPO signaling exists in exercised human skeletal muscle which variability is associated with the ACE-I/D gene polymorphism in fair correspondence with a mitochondrial marker of local hypoxia. References Desplanches, D., Amami, M., Mueller, M., Hoppeler, H., Kreis, R., & Flück, M. (2014). Hypoxia refines plasticity of mitochondrial respiration to repeated muscle work. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114, 405-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2783-8 Ga
导言 肌肉氧饱和度下降是运动骨骼肌线粒体生物生成的有效激活剂，它受血管紧张素转换酶基因（ACE-I/D；Gasser 等，2022 年）插入/缺失多态性的训练调节影响，并可能涉及旁分泌型促红细胞生成素（EPO）信号传导（Desplanches 等，2014 年；Nijholt 等，2021 年）。我们测试了一个假设，即在疲劳运动的肌肉中，促红细胞生成素的表达和信号传导将与缺氧调控线粒体基因的表达和代谢信号传导的改变相对应，并且会受到 ACE-I/D 的遗传影响。方法 22 名健康的白种高加索男性（27.0 +/- 1.4 岁；体重指数 23.6 +/- 0.6 kg m-2）在空腹状态下完成了一次单腿疲劳运动。在运动前立即从非运动腿的阔筋膜处采集微生物切片，并在运动后 1/2、3 和 8 小时分别从运动腿的阔筋膜处采集微生物切片。缺氧调控的细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 4 同工酶 1 和 2（COX4I1 和 COX4I2）、ACE 和 EPO 转录物的水平、阔筋肌中的糖原浓度、ACE-I/D 基因型和有氧健身状态的评估如前所述（Desplanches 等人，2014 年；Gasser 等人，2022 年）。肌肉匀浆中的 EPO 蛋白浓度和 EPO 信号转导的细胞内转换器的磷酸化用有效的酶联免疫吸附剂和磷酸激酶测定法进行量化。效应和皮尔逊相关性通过方差分析进行评估，当 P < 0.05 时判定为显著。结果 单腿运动会产生代谢疲劳，表现为运动后半小时，所有受试者都自愿停止运动，且阔筋膜糖原浓度降低（-0.044 mg-1）。同时，EPO 蛋白水平降低了 4 倍；在停止运动 3-8 小时后，EPO 转录物水平也随之升高。适于有氧运动的 ACE I 基因等位基因携带者表现出肌肉糖原的稀释、EPO 转录物反应的加剧以及 EPO 信号转导物[STAT5a-Y694（+31%）、STAT5b-Y699（+40%）]更高的磷酸化水平。代谢信号转导物 AMPKa2-T172 的磷酸化水平与运动后 3 小时的 EPO 转录物水平相关（r = 0.61）。EPO 蛋白水平与 ACE 和 COX4I2 转录物水平相关（r = -0.79; -0.54）。讨论 研究结果表明，在运动的人体骨骼肌中存在一个由代谢调节的 EPO 信号传导旁分泌环，其变异性与 ACE-I/D 基因多态性有关，与局部缺氧的线粒体标志物有一定的对应关系。参考文献 Desplanches, D., Amami, M., Mueller, M., Hoppeler, H., Kreis, R., & Flück, M. (2014)。低氧可改善线粒体呼吸对重复肌肉工作的可塑性。https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2783-8 Gasser, B., Franchi, M. V., Ruoss, S., Frei, A., Popp, W. L., Niederseer, D., Catuogno, S., Frey, W. O., & Flück, M. (2022)。有氧健身者在剧烈运动时肌肉脱氧加速与 ACE 插入等位基因有关。https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.814975 Nijholt, K. T., Meems, L. M. G., Ruifrok, W. P. T., Maass, A. H..、Yurista, S. R., Pavez-Giani, M. G., Mahmoud, B., Wolters, A. H. G., van Veldhuisen, D. J., van Gilst, W. H., Silljé, H. H. W., de Boer, R. A., & Westenbrink, B. D. (2021)。骨骼肌中表达的促红细胞生成素受体对线粒体生物生成和生理运动至关重要。Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 473, 1301-1313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-021-02577-4
{"title":"Activation of the erythropoietin system in exhaustively exercise muscle relates to ACE gene polymorphism-modulated metabolic signalling and mitochondrial transcript expression","authors":"Martin Flück, Grégoire Mercier, Silvio Lorenzetti, Marie-Noëlle Giraud","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss042","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Introduction A fall in muscle oxygen saturation is a potent activator of mitochondrial biogenesis in exercised skeletal muscle which is subject to the training-modulated influence of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE-I/D; Gasser et al 2022) and may involve paracrine erythropoietin (EPO) signaling (Desplanches et al 2014, Nijholt et al 2021). We tested the hypothesis that erythropoietin expression and signaling in fatiguingly exercised muscle would correspond to the expression of hypoxia-regulated mitochondrial genes and altered metabolic signaling and would be subject to a genetic influence by ACE-I/D. \u0000Methods \u0000Methods 22 healthy, male white Caucasian men (27.0 +/- 1.4 years; BMI 23.6 +/- 0.6 kg m-2) completed a session of fatiguing one-legged exercise in the fasted state. Microbiopsies were collected from m. vastus lateralis of the non-exercised leg immediately before exercise, and ½, 3, and 8 hours thereafter from the exercising leg. Levels of the hypoxia-regulated cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoforms 1 and 2 (COX4I1 and COX4I2), ACE and EPO transcript, glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis, the ACE-I/D genotype and aerobic fitness state were assessed as described (Desplanches et al 2014; Gasser et al 2022). EPO protein concentration and phosphorylation of intracellular transducers of EPO signaling were quantified in muscle homogenates with validated enzyme-linked immune sorbent and a phospho-kinase assays. Effects and Pearson correlations were assessed with analysis of variance and declared significant at p < 0.05. \u0000Results \u0000One-legged exercise produced metabolic fatigue as indicated by the voluntary cessation of exercise and a reduced glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis in all subjects ½ hour after exercise (-0.044 mg mg-1). Concomitantly, EPO protein levels were 4-fold lowered; and subsequently increased 3-8 hours after cessation of exercise alike EPO transcripts levels. \u0000Aerobically fit ACE I-allele carriers demonstrated a sparing of muscle glycogen, exaggerated EPO transcript response, and higher phosphorylation levels of EPO signal transducers [STAT5a-Y694 (+31%), STAT5b-Y699 (+40%)]. The phosphorylation level of the metabolic signal transducer AMPKa2-T172 correlated to EPO transcript levels 3 hours post exercise (r = 0.61). EPO protein levels correlated to ACE and COX4I2 transcript levels (r = -0.79; -0.54). \u0000Discussion \u0000The findings highlight that a paracrine loop of metabolically-regulated EPO signaling exists in exercised human skeletal muscle which variability is associated with the ACE-I/D gene polymorphism in fair correspondence with a mitochondrial marker of local hypoxia. \u0000References \u0000Desplanches, D., Amami, M., Mueller, M., Hoppeler, H., Kreis, R., & Flück, M. (2014). Hypoxia refines plasticity of mitochondrial respiration to repeated muscle work. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114, 405-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2783-8 \u0000Ga","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurie Schwab, Philipp Röthlin, Roberta Antonini Philippe, Stephan Horvath
Introduction Beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment are a factor explaining abuse in sports. The availability of a valid and reliable German scale measuring these beliefs is essential for a better understanding of the concept. This article introduces and validates the German version of the Perceived Instrumental Effects of Maltreatment in Sport scale (PIEMS-G-14). Methods Study 1 examines the translation and evaluation of the scale structure, the development of a short version (PIEMS-G-6), and both the full and short versions’ construct validity and reliability in a sample of youth sports coaches (n = 628). Studies 2 (n = 444) and 3 (n = 423) focus on cross-validating the structure of the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 in two independent samples of youth sports coaches and provide further evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the scales. Results Despite a reduction in the number of items compared to the original instrument, the PIEMS-G-14 exhibited robust measurement capabilities. The PIEMS-G-6, also demonstrated promising psychometric properties in assessing coaches’ beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment. The reliability and validity of both the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 were further supported by rigorous examination with two independent samples, providing compelling evidence of their construct validity. Discussion/Conclusion The PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 are suitable for use in assessing beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment in German-speaking sports contexts.
{"title":"The Perceived Instrumental Effects of Maltreatment in Sport (PIEMS) scale: Translation, (cross-)validation, and short-form development of the German version","authors":"Laurie Schwab, Philipp Röthlin, Roberta Antonini Philippe, Stephan Horvath","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss070","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment are a factor explaining abuse in sports. The availability of a valid and reliable German scale measuring these beliefs is essential for a better understanding of the concept. This article introduces and validates the German version of the Perceived Instrumental Effects of Maltreatment in Sport scale (PIEMS-G-14). \u0000Methods \u0000Study 1 examines the translation and evaluation of the scale structure, the development of a short version (PIEMS-G-6), and both the full and short versions’ construct validity and reliability in a sample of youth sports coaches (n = 628). Studies 2 (n = 444) and 3 (n = 423) focus on cross-validating the structure of the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 in two independent samples of youth sports coaches and provide further evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the scales. \u0000Results \u0000Despite a reduction in the number of items compared to the original instrument, the PIEMS-G-14 exhibited robust measurement capabilities. The PIEMS-G-6, also demonstrated promising psychometric properties in assessing coaches’ beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment. The reliability and validity of both the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 were further supported by rigorous examination with two independent samples, providing compelling evidence of their construct validity. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000The PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 are suitable for use in assessing beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment in German-speaking sports contexts.","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"43 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Streckmann, C. Schindera, Oliver Faude, N. X. von der Weid
Introduction Modern therapy has improved survival for children with cancer. However, treatment takes its toll. Children experience delays in motor development milestones such as walking, running, jumping or climbing, diminishing children’s quality of life and affecting their social reintegration. One side-effect of chemotherapy and crucial cause of the many dysfunctions is a peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Depending on the neurotoxic agent, 52%-100% of children are affected (Kandula et al. 2016). It causes severe symptoms such as loss of sensation, numbness, pain, absent reflexes as well as loss of balance control. It is also of high clinical relevance as it affects medical therapy. Additionally, recovery is poor and there are currently no treatment options (Loprinzi et al. 2020). Previous research has shown (Streckmann et al. 2022) promising results: Specific exercises can reduce symptoms of CIPN and improve patients’ quality of life. In our most recent study in adults, we were also able to prevent the onset of CIPN with clinical impact. We hypothesize that CIPN could be the root of many problems children experience during therapy. Our aim is to maintain relevant sensory and motor functions in children in order for them to receive their planned medical therapy and become fitter and socially better integrated survivors. Methods We are therefore currently running a large, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (Basel, Bern, Aarau, St. Gallen, Freiburg (D) and Berlin (D)), randomizing N = 131 children planned to receive a neurotoxic chemotherapy into an intervention group or a treatment as usual group and accompanying them throughout their oncological therapy. After therapy the control group will also be shown the training. Primary endpoint is the incidence of CIPN, secondary endpoints are postural control, dorsiflexion function, knee extension strength, lower limb power, walk to run transition time, CIPN-related pain, participation of exercise-related leisure activities, children’s’ physical self-concept and quality of life. Discussion/Conclusion We hypothesize that less children in the intervention group will develop symptoms of CIPN and will be able to maintain relevant motor and sensory functions which will enable them to receive their planned medical therapy but also to stay on the age-appropriate motor development level, improve their quality life and enhance social reintegration after therapy. This would show that specific exercise therapy is more than just a lifestyle intervention, it could be a therapy option without further side- effects, changing supportive care in oncology. This study will therefore contribute to our endeavors to implement exercise therapy in pediatric oncology long-term empowering patients to return to an active lifestyle and additionally reduce the risk of long-term secondary diseases. References Kandula, T., Park, S. B., Cohn, R. J., Krishnan, A. V., & Farrar, M. A (2016). Pediatric chemotherapy induced
导言：现代疗法提高了癌症儿童的生存率。然而，治疗也会造成伤害。儿童的运动发育里程碑（如行走、跑步、跳跃或攀爬）会出现延迟，从而降低儿童的生活质量，影响他们重新融入社会。外周神经病变（CIPN）是化疗的副作用之一，也是导致多种功能障碍的重要原因。根据神经毒剂的不同，52%-100% 的儿童会受到影响（Kandula 等人，2016 年）。它会导致感觉丧失、麻木、疼痛、反射消失以及失去平衡控制能力等严重症状。由于会影响医学治疗，因此也具有很高的临床意义。此外，康复效果不佳，目前尚无治疗方案（Loprinzi 等人，2020 年）。先前的研究显示（Streckmann 等人，2022 年），该病的治疗效果很好：特定的锻炼可以减轻 CIPN 的症状，改善患者的生活质量。在我们最近一项针对成人的研究中，我们还能够预防 CIPN 的发生，并产生了临床影响。我们假设，CIPN 可能是儿童在治疗过程中遇到的许多问题的根源。因此，我们目前正在（巴塞尔、伯尔尼、阿劳、圣加仑、弗莱堡（D）和柏林（D））开展一项大型、前瞻性、多中心、随机对照试验，将 N = 131 名计划接受神经毒性化疗的儿童随机分为干预组或照常治疗组，并全程陪伴他们接受肿瘤治疗。治疗结束后，对照组也将接受培训。主要终点是CIPN的发病率，次要终点是姿势控制、背屈功能、膝关节伸展力量、下肢力量、从走到跑的转换时间、CIPN相关疼痛、参与运动相关休闲活动的情况、儿童的身体自我概念和生活质量。讨论/结论我们假设，干预组中出现 CIPN 症状的儿童人数会减少，并能保持相关的运动和感官功能，这将使他们不仅能接受计划中的医疗治疗，还能保持与年龄相适应的运动发育水平，提高生活质量，并在治疗后更好地重新融入社会。这将表明，特定运动疗法不仅仅是一种生活方式干预措施，它还可以成为一种没有进一步副作用的治疗选择，从而改变肿瘤科的支持性护理。因此，这项研究将有助于我们在儿科肿瘤中长期实施运动疗法，使患者有能力恢复积极的生活方式，并降低长期继发疾病的风险。参考文献Kandula, T., Park, S. B., Cohn, R. J., Krishnan, A. V., & Farrar, M. A (2016)。儿科化疗诱发的周围神经病变：当前知识的系统回顾。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.09.005Loprinzi, C. L., Lacchetti, C., Bleeker, J., Cavaletti, G., Chauhan, C., Hertz, D. L.., Kelley, M. R., & Farrar, M. A (2016)、Kelley, M. R., Lavino, A., Lustberg, M. B., Paice, J. A., Schneider, B. P., Lavoie Smith, E. M., Smith, M. L., Smith, T. J., Wagner-Johnston, N., & Hershman, D. L. (2020)。成人癌症幸存者化疗所致周围神经病变的预防与管理：ASCO 指南更新。https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.20.01399Streckmann, F., Balke, M., Cavaletti, G., Toscanelli, A., Bloch, W., Décard, B. F., Lehmann, H. C., & Faude, O. (2022)。运动与神经病变：荟萃分析系统综述》。运动医学》，52（5），1043-1065。https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01596-6。
{"title":"The potential and importance of exercise therapy in pediatric oncology – The PrepAIR study","authors":"F. Streckmann, C. Schindera, Oliver Faude, N. X. von der Weid","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Modern therapy has improved survival for children with cancer. However, treatment takes its toll. Children experience delays in motor development milestones such as walking, running, jumping or climbing, diminishing children’s quality of life and affecting their social reintegration. One side-effect of chemotherapy and crucial cause of the many dysfunctions is a peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Depending on the neurotoxic agent, 52%-100% of children are affected (Kandula et al. 2016). It causes severe symptoms such as loss of sensation, numbness, pain, absent reflexes as well as loss of balance control. It is also of high clinical relevance as it affects medical therapy. Additionally, recovery is poor and there are currently no treatment options (Loprinzi et al. 2020).\u0000Previous research has shown (Streckmann et al. 2022) promising results: Specific exercises can reduce symptoms of CIPN and improve patients’ quality of life. In our most recent study in adults, we were also able to prevent the onset of CIPN with clinical impact. We hypothesize that CIPN could be the root of many problems children experience during therapy. Our aim is to maintain relevant sensory and motor functions in children in order for them to receive their planned medical therapy and become fitter and socially better integrated survivors.\u0000Methods\u0000We are therefore currently running a large, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (Basel, Bern, Aarau, St. Gallen, Freiburg (D) and Berlin (D)), randomizing N = 131 children planned to receive a neurotoxic chemotherapy into an intervention group or a treatment as usual group and accompanying them throughout their oncological therapy. After therapy the control group will also be shown the training. Primary endpoint is the incidence of CIPN, secondary endpoints are postural control, dorsiflexion function, knee extension strength, lower limb power, walk to run transition time, CIPN-related pain, participation of exercise-related leisure activities, children’s’ physical self-concept and quality of life.\u0000Discussion/Conclusion\u0000We hypothesize that less children in the intervention group will develop symptoms of CIPN and will be able to maintain relevant motor and sensory functions which will enable them to receive their planned medical therapy but also to stay on the age-appropriate motor development level, improve their quality life and enhance social reintegration after therapy. This would show that specific exercise therapy is more than just a lifestyle intervention, it could be a therapy option without further side- effects, changing supportive care in oncology. This study will therefore contribute to our endeavors to implement exercise therapy in pediatric oncology long-term empowering patients to return to an active lifestyle and additionally reduce the risk of long-term secondary diseases.\u0000References\u0000Kandula, T., Park, S. B., Cohn, R. J., Krishnan, A. V., & Farrar, M. A (2016). Pediatric chemotherapy induced ","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Lüdi, Georg Pfarrwaller, Christian Imboden, Olivia Stoffel, Matthias Schlüssel, Andreas Heiniger, Birgit Kleim, N. Kiselev
Introduction The aim of this study is to provide an overview of Paralympic athletes’ views on mental health in a competitive sport context. Although research in the field of Paralympic sport has increased exponentially over the last two decades, mental health and its promotion have hardly been the subject of research so far (Claussen et al., 2022). Previous research shows that the practice of competitive sports influences the mental health of Paralympic athletes both positively and negatively (Swartz et al., 2019). Mental disorders are no exception, even in elite sports. Well-coordinated health care for the prevention and treatment of mental health challenges and mental disorders in elite sports is crucial for this purpose. Methods The methodological approach of the present study is based on a qualitative research design. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and their evaluation with the help of applied thematic analysis (Guest et al., 2012). For the interviews, 15 active, adult, Swiss elite Para athletes were recruited. Results The results suggest that athletic success, the athletic activity itself and an improvement in physical health can lead to an increase in mental well-being. On the other hand, athletic failure, pressure to perform, and physical problems can cause psychological stress and facilitate mental disorders. (Lüdi et al., 2023). Conclusion In particular, the coordinated handling of mental health challenges and mental disorders among Paralympic athletes seems to need improvement, especially regarding the use of sports psychiatry and psychotherapy services. References Claussen, M. C., Imboden, C., Raas, M. I., Hemmeter, U., Seifritz, E., & Hofmann, C. G. (2022). Sportpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie im Leistungssport – Interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Versorgung und Zusammenarbeit [Sports psychiatry in competitive sports – Interdisciplinary and interprofessional care and collaboration]. Praxis, 111(4), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a003849 Guest, G., MacQueen, K., & Namey, E. (2012). Applied Thematic Analysis. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384436 Lüdi, L., Pfarrwaller, G., Imboden, C., Stoffel, O., Schlüssel, M., Heiniger, A., Kleim, B., & Kiselev, N. (2023). Perspectives on mental health and well-being: Voices of Swiss paralympic athletes. Sports Psychiatry: Journal of Sports and Exercise Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000057 Swartz, L., Hunt, X., Bantjes, J., Hainline, B., & Reardon, C. L. (2019). Mental health symptoms and disorders in Paralympic athletes: A narrative review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(12), 737-740. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100731
引言 本研究旨在概述残奥运动员在竞技体育中对心理健康的看法。虽然残奥体育领域的研究在过去二十年里急剧增加，但心理健康及其促进却几乎没有成为研究的主题（Claussen 等人，2022 年）。以往的研究表明，竞技体育运动对残奥运动员的心理健康有着积极和消极的影响（Swartz 等人，2019 年）。即使在精英体育运动中，精神障碍也不例外。为此，在预防和治疗精英体育运动中的心理健康挑战和精神障碍方面，协调良好的医疗保健至关重要。方法本研究的方法基于定性研究设计。通过半结构式访谈收集数据，并在应用主题分析法（Guest 等人，2012 年）的帮助下对数据进行评估。结果研究结果表明，运动成功、运动本身以及身体健康的改善都会导致心理健康水平的提高。另一方面，运动失败、成绩压力和身体问题则会造成心理压力，导致精神失常。(Lüdi et al.，2023）.结论尤其是在使用运动精神病学和心理治疗服务方面，残奥会运动员的心理健康挑战和精神障碍的协调处理似乎需要改进.参考文献Claussen, M. C., Imboden, C., Raas, M. I., Hemmeter, U., Seifritz, E., & Hofmann, C. G. (2022).Sportpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie im Leistungssport - Interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Versorgung und Zusammenarbeit [Sports psychiatry in competitive sports - Interdisciplinary and interprofessional care and collaboration].https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a003849Guest, G., MacQueen, K., & Namey, E. (2012)。Applied Thematic Analysis.https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384436Lüdi, L., Pfarrwaller, G., Imboden, C., Stoffel, O., Schlüssel, M., Heiniger, A., Kleim, B., & Kiselev, N. (2023).关于心理健康和幸福的观点：瑞士残奥运动员的心声。运动精神病学》：运动精神病学杂志》。https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000057Swartz, L., Hunt, X., Bantjes, J., Hainline, B., & Reardon, C. L. (2019)。残奥运动员的心理健康症状和障碍：叙述性综述。英国运动医学杂志》，53（12），737-740。https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100731。
{"title":"Voices of Swiss Paralympic athletes: Perspectives on mental health and well-being","authors":"Lucas Lüdi, Georg Pfarrwaller, Christian Imboden, Olivia Stoffel, Matthias Schlüssel, Andreas Heiniger, Birgit Kleim, N. Kiselev","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss013","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000The aim of this study is to provide an overview of Paralympic athletes’ views on mental health in a competitive sport context. Although research in the field of Paralympic sport has increased exponentially over the last two decades, mental health and its promotion have hardly been the subject of research so far (Claussen et al., 2022). Previous research shows that the practice of competitive sports influences the mental health of Paralympic athletes both positively and negatively (Swartz et al., 2019). Mental disorders are no exception, even in elite sports. Well-coordinated health care for the prevention and treatment of mental health challenges and mental disorders in elite sports is crucial for this purpose.\u0000Methods\u0000The methodological approach of the present study is based on a qualitative research design. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and their evaluation with the help of applied thematic analysis (Guest et al., 2012). For the interviews, 15 active, adult, Swiss elite Para athletes were recruited.\u0000Results\u0000The results suggest that athletic success, the athletic activity itself and an improvement in physical health can lead to an increase in mental well-being. On the other hand, athletic failure, pressure to perform, and physical problems can cause psychological stress and facilitate mental disorders. (Lüdi et al., 2023).\u0000Conclusion\u0000In particular, the coordinated handling of mental health challenges and mental disorders among Paralympic athletes seems to need improvement, especially regarding the use of sports psychiatry and psychotherapy services.\u0000References\u0000Claussen, M. C., Imboden, C., Raas, M. I., Hemmeter, U., Seifritz, E., & Hofmann, C. G. (2022). Sportpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie im Leistungssport – Interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Versorgung und Zusammenarbeit [Sports psychiatry in competitive sports – Interdisciplinary and interprofessional care and collaboration]. Praxis, 111(4), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a003849\u0000Guest, G., MacQueen, K., & Namey, E. (2012). Applied Thematic Analysis. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384436\u0000Lüdi, L., Pfarrwaller, G., Imboden, C., Stoffel, O., Schlüssel, M., Heiniger, A., Kleim, B., & Kiselev, N. (2023). Perspectives on mental health and well-being: Voices of Swiss paralympic athletes. Sports Psychiatry: Journal of Sports and Exercise Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000057\u0000Swartz, L., Hunt, X., Bantjes, J., Hainline, B., & Reardon, C. L. (2019). Mental health symptoms and disorders in Paralympic athletes: A narrative review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(12), 737-740. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100731","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"2 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction The importance of teachers’ attitudes regarding the use of technology and media in schools and classrooms gains more recognition in the development of their professional competence. However, students often still hold limited views about digital media in educational settings. This limited perspective is likely due to the significant increase in media usage over the past two decades. It’s assumed that students also desire to use media for learning purposes, which is particularly questionable in the subject of physical education, where physical activity is of central importance. Therefore, understanding students' attitudes toward media use, both inside and outside of school, is crucial, and it's a focal point of media educational efforts. To comprehensively study this, the social-psychological construct of attitude, with its cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, is considered (Zimbardo & Gerrig, 1996). Key questions revolve around characterizing student attitudes toward media use in physical education, identifying relationships between attitude components, and determining external factors that can promote positive attitudes. Methods Following the Technology Acceptance Model (Park, 2009), a questionnaire was developed to assess attitudes and validated through a survey of eighth-grade students (N = 202). External variables, cognitive attitude, affective attitude, and behavioral attitude dimensions were examined as separate aspects. These dimensions were refined and validated through reliability analysis and factor analyses. Using these validated scales and collected data, a structural equation model was created to illustrate the relationships between external factors and attitudinal dimensions. Results The proposed model demonstrated satisfactory fit to the data (RMSEA = .06; χ2/df ratio = 1.72; CFI = 0.90). The findings indicate that the use of media in physical education and the related self-efficacy in using media have a positive impact on the cognitive aspect of attitude. However, the cognitive component of attitude does not directly influence the intention to use media in physical education. Instead, positive evaluations of media use mediate the relationship between the cognitive component and the intention to use media. The intention to use media in physical education is primarily increased through positive affective evaluations. Conclusion A negative attitude toward using media in physical education can be attributed to a lack of access and insufficient self-efficacy in utilizing it. Therefore, interventions at both the student and teacher levels should focus on effectively introducing the benefits of media-supported physical education, with the goal of enhancing self-efficacy and reducing negative attitudes. This model will be further validated at the teacher level in subsequent studies to identify external factors suitable for targeted interventions. References Park, S. Y. (2009). An analysis of the Technology
导言：在教师专业能力的发展过程中，教师对在学校和课堂中使用技术和媒体的态度的重要性日益得到认可。然而，学生对教育环境中的数字媒体往往仍然持有有限的看法。这种有限的观点很可能是由于过去二十年来媒体使用量的大幅增长造成的。人们假定学生也渴望将媒体用于学习目的，这在体育教育学科中尤其值得商榷，因为体育活动是该学科的核心。因此，了解学生对校内外媒体使用的态度至关重要，这也是媒体教育工作的一个重点。为了全面研究这一问题，我们考虑了态度这一社会心理学概念，其中包括认知、情感和行为三个部分（Zimbardo & Gerrig, 1996）。关键问题围绕着学生对体育教学中媒体使用的态度、确定态度各组成部分之间的关系以及确定能促进积极态度的外部因素。方法 按照技术接受模型（Park，2009 年），编制了一份问卷来评估学生的态度，并通过对八年级学生（N = 202）的调查进行了验证。外部变量、认知态度、情感态度和行为态度维度作为单独的方面进行了研究。通过信度分析和因子分析对这些维度进行了改进和验证。利用这些经过验证的量表和收集到的数据，建立了一个结构方程模型来说明外部因素和态度维度之间的关系。结果 所提出的模型与数据的拟合程度令人满意（RMSEA = .06；χ2/df 比 = 1.72；CFI = 0.90）。研究结果表明，在体育教学中使用媒体以及与此相关的使用媒体的自我效能感对态度的认知方面有积极影响。然而，态度的认知部分并不直接影响在体育教学中使用媒体的意向。相反，对媒体使用的积极评价在认知部分和媒体使用意向之间起到了中介作用。在体育教学中使用媒体的意愿主要是通过积极的情感评价来提高的。结论 在体育教学中使用媒体的消极态度可归因于缺乏使用媒体的机会和使用媒体的自我效能感不足。因此，学生和教师层面的干预措施应侧重于有效地介绍媒体支持体育教学的好处，目的是提高自我效能感和减少消极态度。这一模型将在后续研究中进一步在教师层面进行验证，以确定适合进行有针对性干预的外部因素。参考文献 Park, S. Y. (2009).在理解大学生使用电子学习的行为意向方面的技术接受模型分析。教育技术与社会》，12（3），150-162。Zimbardo, P. G., & Gerrig, R. J. (1996).Psychologie.(7th transl. and rev. ed.).Springer.
{"title":"Attitudes of students towards the use of video-based media in physical education","authors":"Anne-Christin Roth, Maik Beege","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss067","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The importance of teachers’ attitudes regarding the use of technology and media in schools and classrooms gains more recognition in the development of their professional competence. However, students often still hold limited views about digital media in educational settings. This limited perspective is likely due to the significant increase in media usage over the past two decades. It’s assumed that students also desire to use media for learning purposes, which is particularly questionable in the subject of physical education, where physical activity is of central importance. Therefore, understanding students' attitudes toward media use, both inside and outside of school, is crucial, and it's a focal point of media educational efforts. To comprehensively study this, the social-psychological construct of attitude, with its cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, is considered (Zimbardo & Gerrig, 1996). Key questions revolve around characterizing student attitudes toward media use in physical education, identifying relationships between attitude components, and determining external factors that can promote positive attitudes. \u0000Methods \u0000Following the Technology Acceptance Model (Park, 2009), a questionnaire was developed to assess attitudes and validated through a survey of eighth-grade students (N = 202). External variables, cognitive attitude, affective attitude, and behavioral attitude dimensions were examined as separate aspects. These dimensions were refined and validated through reliability analysis and factor analyses. Using these validated scales and collected data, a structural equation model was created to illustrate the relationships between external factors and attitudinal dimensions. \u0000Results \u0000The proposed model demonstrated satisfactory fit to the data (RMSEA = .06; χ2/df ratio = 1.72; CFI = 0.90). The findings indicate that the use of media in physical education and the related self-efficacy in using media have a positive impact on the cognitive aspect of attitude. However, the cognitive component of attitude does not directly influence the intention to use media in physical education. Instead, positive evaluations of media use mediate the relationship between the cognitive component and the intention to use media. The intention to use media in physical education is primarily increased through positive affective evaluations. \u0000Conclusion \u0000A negative attitude toward using media in physical education can be attributed to a lack of access and insufficient self-efficacy in utilizing it. Therefore, interventions at both the student and teacher levels should focus on effectively introducing the benefits of media-supported physical education, with the goal of enhancing self-efficacy and reducing negative attitudes. This model will be further validated at the teacher level in subsequent studies to identify external factors suitable for targeted interventions. \u0000References \u0000Park, S. Y. (2009). An analysis of the Technology","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"329 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Stutz, Philipp Eichenberger, Chiara Oetiker, Sacha Huber, Isabel Hirzel, Christina M. Spengler
Introduction Accurate measurement of physical activity (PA) in older adults is important, both in health research and personalized prevention. Accelerometers, used to overcome the limitations of self-reporting, were initially worn on the hips, but are increasingly worn on the non-dominant wrist. While this can improve wear compliance, the accuracy of PA intensity classification can be compromised. Given the high prevalence of mild to severe hearing loss in the older population, this study explores a novel approach: integrating an accelerometer into a hearing aid (ear sensor). We aimed to assess its accuracy and compare it to research-grade sensors worn at different locations. Methods 60 middle-aged to older adults (64.0 ± 8.0 years, 48% women) were included in this study. Each subject performed 12-13 different activities, which were pseudo-randomly selected from a list of 33 activities of daily living. Each activity lasted 8 min and included sedentary activities (e.g., lying, playing cards) low-intensity activities (e.g., hanging laundry), activities of changing intensity or without physical displacement (e.g., yoga, squats), indoor activities related to locomotion (e.g., walking, running), outdoor activities (e.g., walking uphill, cycling), and activities with aids (e.g., walking with a stroller). Oxygen consumption was measured via indirect calorimetry and used to classify activity intensity into sedentary behavior (SB, metabolic equivalent of task [MET] < 1.5), light intensity PA (LPA, 1.5 ≤ MET < 3.0), or moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA, MET ≥ 3.0). The ear sensor was placed behind the left ear, while the research-grade sensors were placed on both wrists and ankles, on the hip, chest, and forehead. Estimation of PA intensity classes was done using mean amplitude deviations and ROC analyses. Contingency tables were used to determine classification accuracy. Results Overall accuracy of the ear sensor was 82.6%, performing better than both wrists (left 81.1%, right 76.0%) and both ankles (left 81.1%, right 81.9%), but worse than the forehead (83.6%), hip (85.6%) and the chest (85.9%). ROC analyses show that all sensors can effectively discriminate between sedentary vs. non-sedentary activities (AUC 0.97-0.98, exception ankles: AUC 0.95-0.96) and between MVPA vs. other (AUC 0.96-0.97, exception wrists: AUC 0.89-0.92). Discussion/Conclusion This study is the first to show that an accelerometer integrated into a hearing aid can accurately classify PA intensity and differentiate MVPA and sedentary behavior in older adults. It also confirms previous investigations showing that wrist-worn sensors – although increasingly being used to monitor PA – are less effective in capturing MVPA compared to sensors worn closer to the center of mass (including the head/ear in our study). Although the optimal wear site in older adults is a subject of ongoing debate, our data shows that a sensor integrated into a hearing aid offers a promising balance o
{"title":"Physical activity intensity classification during activities of daily living in older adults using accelerometers: Is the ear the new wrist?","authors":"Jan Stutz, Philipp Eichenberger, Chiara Oetiker, Sacha Huber, Isabel Hirzel, Christina M. Spengler","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss076","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Accurate measurement of physical activity (PA) in older adults is important, both in health research and personalized prevention. Accelerometers, used to overcome the limitations of self-reporting, were initially worn on the hips, but are increasingly worn on the non-dominant wrist. While this can improve wear compliance, the accuracy of PA intensity classification can be compromised. Given the high prevalence of mild to severe hearing loss in the older population, this study explores a novel approach: integrating an accelerometer into a hearing aid (ear sensor). We aimed to assess its accuracy and compare it to research-grade sensors worn at different locations. \u0000Methods 60 middle-aged to older adults (64.0 ± 8.0 years, 48% women) were included in this study. Each subject performed 12-13 different activities, which were pseudo-randomly selected from a list of 33 activities of daily living. Each activity lasted 8 min and included sedentary activities (e.g., lying, playing cards) low-intensity activities (e.g., hanging laundry), activities of changing intensity or without physical displacement (e.g., yoga, squats), indoor activities related to locomotion (e.g., walking, running), outdoor activities (e.g., walking uphill, cycling), and activities with aids (e.g., walking with a stroller). Oxygen consumption was measured via indirect calorimetry and used to classify activity intensity into sedentary behavior (SB, metabolic equivalent of task [MET] < 1.5), light intensity PA (LPA, 1.5 ≤ MET < 3.0), or moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA, MET ≥ 3.0). The ear sensor was placed behind the left ear, while the research-grade sensors were placed on both wrists and ankles, on the hip, chest, and forehead. Estimation of PA intensity classes was done using mean amplitude deviations and ROC analyses. Contingency tables were used to determine classification accuracy. \u0000Results \u0000Overall accuracy of the ear sensor was 82.6%, performing better than both wrists (left 81.1%, right 76.0%) and both ankles (left 81.1%, right 81.9%), but worse than the forehead (83.6%), hip (85.6%) and the chest (85.9%). ROC analyses show that all sensors can effectively discriminate between sedentary vs. non-sedentary activities (AUC 0.97-0.98, exception ankles: AUC 0.95-0.96) and between MVPA vs. other (AUC 0.96-0.97, exception wrists: AUC 0.89-0.92). \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000This study is the first to show that an accelerometer integrated into a hearing aid can accurately classify PA intensity and differentiate MVPA and sedentary behavior in older adults. It also confirms previous investigations showing that wrist-worn sensors – although increasingly being used to monitor PA – are less effective in capturing MVPA compared to sensors worn closer to the center of mass (including the head/ear in our study). Although the optimal wear site in older adults is a subject of ongoing debate, our data shows that a sensor integrated into a hearing aid offers a promising balance o","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"162 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Regular physical activity (PA) has benefits for health throughout the lifespan. PA benefits musculoskeletal, cardio metabolic health, and overall well-being (Kapoor et al., 2022). However, data from 2017 shows that about 55-83% of women and 47-74% of men from European countries (EU) do not meet these guidelines (Lübs et al,. 2018). Moreover, adults at the age of 40-54 (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52-0.81) and 55-64 (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49-0.77) are less likely to have moderate or high levels of PA in comparison with those 18-24 years of age. (Nikitara et al., 2021). Sedentary behavior (SB) including activities such as watching television, playing computer games, browsing the internet has increased (Wang et al., 2019). Canada has an established track record in the development of 24-hour movement guidelines on PA, SB, and sleep. They have previously release guidelines for all age groups. Following Canada’s lead, several jurisdictions including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa have incorporated the 24-hour movement concepts (Tremblay, 2020). There is a lack of data for 24-hour behavior guideline in the European context. There are no specific recommendations on SB and sleep. Therefore, this project will present the background, methods and design of a 24-hour movement summary of behaviors (PA, SB and sleep) in Europe. Methods We will utilize existing PA, SB and sleep data from the World Health Organization on European adults 18+. Analysis using mean, median, and 95% confidence Intervals, will be complemented by frequency distributions and histograms. These will be stratified by age and sex subgroups for a more comprehensive overview. Results The findings from this research have the potential to inform surveillance efforts, shape policies and public health strategies, improve overall well-being, and contribute to the development of evidence-based guidelines. Discussion/Conclusion Implications of this research may inform researchers on further questions to pursue, policy makers in resource allocation, and practitioners on where to focus intervention efforts. References Kapoor, G., Chauhan, P., Singh, G., Malhotra, N., & Chahal, A. (2022). Physical activity for health and fitness: Past, present and future. Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 12(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2022.12.1.9 Lübs, L., Peplies, J., Drell, C., & Bammann, K. (2018). Cross-sectional and longitudinal factors influencing physical activity of 65 to 75-year-olds: A pan European cohort study based on the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE). BMC Geriatrics, 18, Article 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0781-8 Nikitara, K., Odani, S., Demenagas, N., Rachiotis, G., Symvoulakis, E. K., & Vardavas, C. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in adults across 28 European countries. European Journal of Public Health, 31(4), 840-845. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab067 Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Introducing 24-hour movemen
引言 经常进行体育锻炼（PA）对人的一生都有益处。体力活动有益于肌肉骨骼、心血管代谢健康和整体健康（Kapoor 等人，2022 年）。然而，2017 年的数据显示，欧洲国家（欧盟）约 55-83% 的女性和 47-74% 的男性不符合这些指导方针（Lübs et al.）此外，与 18-24 岁的成年人相比，40-54 岁（aOR：0.65，95% CI：0.52-0.81）和 55-64 岁（aOR：0.61，95% CI：0.49-0.77）的成年人不太可能有中等或高水平的 PA。(Nikitara 等人，2021 年）。包括看电视、玩电脑游戏、浏览互联网等活动在内的久坐行为（SB）有所增加（Wang 等人，2019 年）。加拿大在制定有关活动量、久坐行为和睡眠的 24 小时运动指南方面有着良好的记录。他们曾发布过针对所有年龄组的指南。继加拿大之后，包括澳大利亚、新西兰和南非在内的一些国家也采纳了 24 小时运动的概念（Tremblay，2020 年）。 欧洲缺乏 24 小时行为指南的数据。目前还没有关于 SB 和睡眠的具体建议。因此，本项目将介绍欧洲 24 小时运动行为（活动量、运动量和睡眠）总结的背景、方法和设计。方法 我们将利用世界卫生组织现有的关于欧洲 18 岁以上成年人的运动量、运动量和睡眠数据。使用平均值、中位数和 95% 置信区间进行分析，并辅以频率分布和直方图。这些数据将按年龄和性别分组，以获得更全面的概述。结果 这项研究的结果有可能为监测工作提供信息、制定政策和公共卫生战略、改善整体福祉，并有助于制定循证指南。讨论/结论 本研究的意义可为研究人员提出进一步的问题、政策制定者进行资源分配以及从业人员确定干预工作的重点提供参考。参考文献 Kapoor, G., Chauhan, P., Singh, G., Malhotra, N., & Chahal, A. (2022).体育活动促进健康和健身：过去、现在和未来。https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2022.12.1.9 Lübs, L., Peplies, J., Drell, C., & Bammann, K. (2018)。影响 65 至 75 岁老年人体育锻炼的横向和纵向因素：基于欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE）的泛欧洲队列研究。https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0781-8 Nikitara, K., Odani, S., Demenagas, N., Rachiotis, G., Symvoulakis, E. K., & Vardavas, C. (2021)。欧洲 28 个国家成年人缺乏运动的流行率及相关因素。https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab067 Tremblay, M. S. (2020).幼儿 24 小时运动指南：一个新的范例正在形成势头。https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0401 Wang, N. X., Chen, J., Wagner, N., Rebello, S. A., Petrunoff, N., Owen, N., & Müller-Riemenschneider, F. (2019).了解并影响职业久坐行为：多种族亚洲人口的混合方法。健康教育与行为》，47（3），419-429。https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198119885431。
{"title":"Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across lifespan in adults across European countries: Background and design","authors":"Roksana Shiran, Claudio R. Nigg","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss072","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Regular physical activity (PA) has benefits for health throughout the lifespan. PA benefits musculoskeletal, cardio metabolic health, and overall well-being (Kapoor et al., 2022). However, data from 2017 shows that about 55-83% of women and 47-74% of men from European countries (EU) do not meet these guidelines (Lübs et al,. 2018). Moreover, adults at the age of 40-54 (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52-0.81) and 55-64 (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49-0.77) are less likely to have moderate or high levels of PA in comparison with those 18-24 years of age. (Nikitara et al., 2021). Sedentary behavior (SB) including activities such as watching television, playing computer games, browsing the internet has increased (Wang et al., 2019). Canada has an established track record in the development of 24-hour movement guidelines on PA, SB, and sleep. They have previously release guidelines for all age groups. Following Canada’s lead, several jurisdictions including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa have incorporated the 24-hour movement concepts (Tremblay, 2020). There is a lack of data for 24-hour behavior guideline in the European context. There are no specific recommendations on SB and sleep. Therefore, this project will present the background, methods and design of a 24-hour movement summary of behaviors (PA, SB and sleep) in Europe. \u0000Methods \u0000We will utilize existing PA, SB and sleep data from the World Health Organization on European adults 18+. Analysis using mean, median, and 95% confidence Intervals, will be complemented by frequency distributions and histograms. These will be stratified by age and sex subgroups for a more comprehensive overview. \u0000Results \u0000The findings from this research have the potential to inform surveillance efforts, shape policies and public health strategies, improve overall well-being, and contribute to the development of evidence-based guidelines. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000Implications of this research may inform researchers on further questions to pursue, policy makers in resource allocation, and practitioners on where to focus intervention efforts. \u0000References \u0000Kapoor, G., Chauhan, P., Singh, G., Malhotra, N., & Chahal, A. (2022). Physical activity for health and fitness: Past, present and future. Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 12(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2022.12.1.9 \u0000Lübs, L., Peplies, J., Drell, C., & Bammann, K. (2018). Cross-sectional and longitudinal factors influencing physical activity of 65 to 75-year-olds: A pan European cohort study based on the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE). BMC Geriatrics, 18, Article 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0781-8 \u0000Nikitara, K., Odani, S., Demenagas, N., Rachiotis, G., Symvoulakis, E. K., & Vardavas, C. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in adults across 28 European countries. European Journal of Public Health, 31(4), 840-845. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab067 \u0000Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Introducing 24-hour movemen","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139800629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：