Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)最新文献

{"title":"Recovery and stress monitoring in elite ice hockey: A longitudinal pilot-study","authors":"Patrick Eggenberger, Nadine Buffat, Thomas Weber, Raphael Gubler, Emanuel Brunner","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss038","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Young athletes in high-level sports experience a greater risk for injury and illness during phases of increased training and competitive load. When recovery is too sparse under these circumstances, psychological and physical health problems could emerge. These are referred to as nonfunctional overreaching or overtraining syndrome, OTS (Daly et al., 2022; Jones et al., 2017; Kiely, 2018). OTS is typically characterized by a reduction in athletic performance that lasts for several weeks to months, accompanied with mood and sleep disturbances, feelings of depression, respiratory tract infections, weight loss, and other symptoms. The prevalence of this condition is high with approxymately 10-20 % of young adult and about 29 % of young athletes from various sports beeing affected (Matos et al., 2011). To our knowledge, no scientifically valid and reliable measurement system currently exists, which would allow the preventive, early diagnosis of overreaching states that might lead to OTS (Weakley et al., 2022). The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a multiparameter measurement system to assess the recovery and stress state of high-level athletes. \u0000Methods \u0000Twenty-five male ice hockey players from the highest level Swiss leagues at their respective age group participated (i.e., National League, NL, n = 11, age = 24.8 ± 4.1 years and U20, n = 14, age = 18.5 ± 1.5 years). Over 5-10 weeks during the in-season (i.e., competition phase) measurements were performed on 10 separate days, either after 1 day of passive recovery (T1) or after a day with match/intensive training (T2). The measurement battery included counter movement jump (CMJ), heart rate variability (HRV), executive functions (EF), tympanic temperature (Temp), and Stress Recovery Short Scale (SRSS). \u0000Results \u0000Independent Student’s t-tests showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between timepoints T1 and T2 for CMJ (peak power per body mass), HRV (sympathic and parasympatic indexes), and SRSS (recovery, stress, total score); but not for CMJ (jump height), EF and Temp. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000We conclude that various measurment parameters, including CMJ performance, HRV indices, and subjective ratings of recovery and stress could provide valuable feedback for athletes, coaches, and medical staff regarding a potential overreaching or OTS state. \u0000References \u0000Daly, E., Pearce, A. J., Esser, P., & Ryan, L. (2022). Evaluating the relationship between neurological function, neuromuscular fatigue, and subjective performance measures in professional rugby union players. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 4, Article 1058326. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.1058326 \u0000Jones, C. M., Griffiths, P. C., & Mellalieu, S. D. (2017). Training load and fatigue marker associations with injury and illness: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Sports Medicine, 47(5), 943-974. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0619-5 \u0000Kiely, J. (2018). Periodization theory: Confronting an inconveni","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139860822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between aerobic exercise, muscle strength training and the prevalence of shoulder pain in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury","authors":"Wiebe H. K. De Vries, U. Arnet, Franziska Bossuyt, Sonja de Groot, I. Eriks-Hoogland, Claudio Perret","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss037","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The primary objective of this study is to explore associations between meeting spinal cord injury (SCI)-specific exercise guidelines and the prevalence of shoulder pain in manual wheelchair users (MWU) with SCI in Switzerland. The rationale behind this investigation lies in the high prevalence of shoulder pain among MWU with SCI, impacting their daily activities, leisure- and labor participation, and overall quality of life. Understanding the association between exercise adherence and shoulder pain is crucial, not only for the well-being of the individuals but also for managing healthcare costs associated with pain treatments. \u0000Methods \u0000The study utilizes data from the SwiSCI Community Survey 2022 (Gross-Hemmi et al., 2021), focusing on a cohort of 593 manual wheelchair users (MWU) for a cross-sectional analysis, investigating the reporting of shoulder pain, and adherence to SCI-specific exercise guidelines (Martin Ginis et al., 2018). The guidelines, proposed by Martin-Ginis et al. (2018), encompass aerobic exercise and muscle-specific strength training. Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the association of meeting these guidelines and the prevalence of shoulder pain, while considering potential confounding factors. \u0000Results \u0000High prevalence of shoulder pain was observed, affecting 40% of the MWU surveyed, which is in line with previous observations. Additionally, the study found that a significant proportion of the population did not meet the recommended guidelines for aerobic exercise (46%) and muscle strength training (64%). Logistic regression analyses showed that non-adherence to aerobic exercise guidelines was associated with 1.55 to 1.97 higher odds of reporting shoulder pain. No association of muscle strength training with the shoulder pain could be found. Therefore, meeting both aerobic and muscle strength guidelines did not yield any association with shoulder pain. Adjustments for potential confounders such as sex, age, lesion level, completeness, time since injury, and mobility scores, did not change the association between adherence to guidelines and shoulder pain. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000The prevalence of shoulder pain in the study sample is high (40%) and in line with previous publications. Compared to 75% of the Swiss general population being physical active for more than 2.5 hour a week (Bundesamt für Statistik, 2019), only 54% of the study sample is meeting the guidelines for at least the “Starter level” on aerobic exercise (cardiorespiratory, ≥ 2x 20 min/week). Those who are not meeting the aerobic exercise guidelines have 1.55 to 1.97 higher odds to have shoulder pain. Despite foreseen shoulder fitness benefit, 64% is not meeting the guidelines on muscle strength training. To further examine the relation between shoulder use, -exercise and shoulder pain, longitudinal studies on dose-effect are needed. \u0000References \u0000Gross-Hemmi, M. H., Gemperli, A., Fekete, C., Brach, M., Schwegler, U., & Stucki, ","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"56 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«KiKli Fit» – The effects of a specifically designed physical activity program on cognitive and motor performance in children with cancer: A multicenter crossover trial","authors":"Ann Christin Schneider, Lisa Hillebrecht, Julia Schmid, C. Schindera, Eva Katharina Brack, V. Benzing","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss017","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Children with cancer are at an increased risk for various physical and cognitive challenges due to their illness and its treatment. A concerning observation is that young cancer patients often lead sedentary or even lying lifestyles, clearly failing to meet the WHO’s recommendation of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) daily. This is alarming considering that PA is essential for physical and mental health, e.g., for the development of motor skills and cognitive functions (Bull et al., 2020). However, PA promotion in acute care in Swiss pediatric oncology units is hardly existent. Therefore, the aim of this project is to develop and conduct a physical activity program in a pediatric oncology unit and investigate its effects on cognitive and motor performance.\u0000Methods\u0000Part A of this project involved a qualitative study conducted at the Inselspital Bern’s pediatric oncology unit, aiming to design a tailored PA therapy program. This part included patient interviews and staff surveys. Part B, which is ongoing, focuses on a forthcoming two-arm multicenter crossover-controlled trial. This trial will compare the exercise therapy and PA counseling (intervention group in Bern, n = 40) with standard treatment (control group in Basel, n = 40). Participants will be aged 6-18 years, newly diagnosed with cancer and undergoing cytotoxictreatment for at least six weeks. The 12-week program will consist of thrice-weekly, 45-minute sessions of individualized exercise, aligned with the SK2-guidelines, NAOK, and international Pediatric Oncology Exercise Guidelines (Götte et al., 2022; Wurz et al., 2021). The sessions will focus on motor skills and cognitively challenging PA. In addition, children will receive 4 exercise counseling sessions. To evaluate the study, there will be three measurement points (once at admission, after twelve weeks of intervention and one follow-up after six months). The outcome measures include motor and cognitive performance, physiological and psychosocial functioning.\u0000Results\u0000Initial findings from the qualitative study indicate a strong patient and staff interest in exercise therapy. The study also provided valuable insights for developing and implementing the intervention.\u0000Discussion/conclusion\u0000The results will reveal important insights relevant to research and practice. Adopting a research perspective, the results will shed light on the effects of PA on cognitive performance in acute cancer care. Adopting a more applied perspective, PA has been neglected in Swiss pediatric oncology units so far. Therefore, this study may contribute to proof the effectiveness of PA for childhood cancer patients and thus help implementing it in standard care in the long term.\u0000References\u0000Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.-P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P. C., DiPietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C. M., Garcia, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of optical wavelength on the reliability of photoplethysmography-based heart rate measurements outside of controlled laboratory environments","authors":"Manuel Meier, Christian Holz","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss060","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The effectiveness of heart rate (HR) measurements via photoplethysmography (PPG) depends on the wavelength of light used. Typical PPG sensors use green, red, or infrared light, each penetrating the skin to different depths (Ray et al., 2021). Here, we present a comparative analysis of the reliability of HR measurements using these wavelengths. \u0000Methods \u0000Our study collected a dataset of 16 participants, each wearing four PPG sensing devices placed at the forehead, sternum, ankle (supramalleolar), and wrist. Each device continuously recorded reflective PPG signals, whereas the device at the sternum additionally captured the Lead I ECG for reference. During the 13 hours of capture, participants went on an outdoor trip from downtown Zurich to the Jungfraujoch railway station at 3,460 m above sea level in the mountains. PPG measurements were obtained using a state-of-the-art MAX86141 optical analog front-end (AFE) coupled with an illumination module of red, green, and infrared LEDs (SFH7072), along with two photodiodes. The ECG recording was resolved by a biopotential AFE (MAX30003), affixed on the chest with gel electrodes. All devices were synchronized by aligning recorded signals post-hoc (33ms accuracy, Meier & Holz, 2023). The HR was extracted from the ECG via time-domain peak detection and a quotient filter. HR was separately derived from each PPG signal, both by time-domain peak detection and frequency-domain analysis. The HR was computed every 5 seconds for a window of 30 seconds. For comparing wavelengths, measurements were considered if at least one wavelength yielded HR with less than 10% error which corresponds to 95,000 HR measurements across the whole dataset. \u0000Results \u0000HR derived from green PPG was most accurate (median error of 3.8%), followed by infrared (7.2%) and red PPG (9.1%). Given participants activity and movement throughout the 13 hours of capture, calculating HR from green PPG was most accurate 64.2% of the time compared to infrared (21.8%) and red PPG (15.2%). The latter cases, infrared and red PPG resulting in more accurate HR, occurred during periods of moderate and high motion. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000The results indicate that wearable sensors that derive HR from green light PPG can improve their calculations by incorporating additional wavelengths. Since HR based on green light PPG is accurate at rest, PPG using infrared and red would be most beneficial during periods of moderate and increased motion. This finding demonstrates the suitability of infrared and red PPG beyond pulse oxygenation measurements (SpO2). Future work should investigate methods to optimally combine multi-wavelength PPG into a single HR calculation. \u0000References \u0000Meier, M., & Holz, C. (2023). BMAR: Barometric and Motion-based Alignment and Refinement for offline signal synchronization across devices. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 7(2), Article 69. https://doi.org/10.1145/3596268 \u0000Ray","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"159 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there specific molecular adaptations of skeletal muscle to repeated sprint training in hypoxia?","authors":"Clément Lanfranchi, Sarah Willis, Bengt Kayser, Nicolas Place, Grégoire P. Millet, Nadège Zanou","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss056","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Athletes increasingly engage in repeated sprint training that consists of repeated short all-out effort (< 10 s) interspersed by short recoveries (< 60 s). When performed in hypoxia (repeated sprints in hypoxia, RSH), it may lead to greater training effect than in normoxia (RSN). However, the mechanisms underlying this superior training effect of RSH are unclear. Specifically, the role of muscle metabolic response to RSH is still debated and results are heterogeneous. Clarifying the molecular pathways of skeletal muscle adaptations to RSH may thus provide new insights into the role of hypoxia-induced response to training. \u0000Methods \u0000Two groups of healthy young men (randomized) performed three training sessions/week for three weeks. Each training session consisted in six series of six sprints (6 s effort/24 s rest) in either normoxia (RSN, n = 7) or normobaric hypoxia (FiO2 = ~13%, RSH, n = 9). Before and after the training period, vastus lateralis muscle biopsies, a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test and a Wingate test were performed. Metabolic muscle adaptations were studied with proteomics and western blotting. \u0000Results \u0000RSN and RSH similarly improved power output (p < 0.05) during the RSA test (RSN: + 7.2 ± 7.7% vs. RSH: + 7.9 ± 6.6%) and the Wingate test (RSN: + 1.3 ± 3.6% vs. RSH: + 4.4 ± 5.0%). Proteomics revealed a decrease in several processes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, confirmed by Western Blot with a reduction (p < 0.05) in complexes I (- 19 ± 30%) and V (- 15 ± 24%) protein levels in response to both RSN and RSH. RSN and RSH increased (p < 0.05) protein levels of the hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α, + 111 ± 50%) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFa, + 91 ± 60%). Protein levels of the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase II increased (+ 119 ± 183%, p < 0.05) after both training types. Only RSH induced increased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4, + 31 ± 18%, p < 0.05) protein level, suggesting specific glycolytic adaptations in response to hypoxia, supported by proteomics data. This specific adaptation may be triggered through the signaling of S100A protein family as we observed an increased S100A13 protein level (+ 467 ± 353%, p < 0.05) and Akt phosphorylation (+ 21 ± 21%, time x group interaction, p < 0.05) as well as several other S100A proteins in proteomics only after RSH training. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000To conclude, RSH did not exhibit in greater performance improvement compared to RSN. However, it further improved the glycolytic phenotype compared to RSN, possibly through specific S100A13 proteins signaling. Thus, we suggest that the reported superiority of RSH to RSN in the literature may stem from superior glycolytic adaptations triggered through the activation of a specific pathway involving S100A13 protein. The potential role of S100A13 protein in skeletal muscle adaptative responses to exercise is novel and the present results open new research perspectives in this field.","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"70 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity counseling within the «KiKli Fit»-project: Development and first implementation","authors":"Julia Schmid, B. Schmidli, Lisa Hillebrecht, C. Schindera, N. X. von der Weid, Eva Katharina Brack, V. Benzing","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Increasing physical activity (PA) levels in children and adolescents with cancer holds promise for enhancing outcomes both during treatment and into survivorship (Stout et al., 2017). Despite this potential, the promotion of PA within Swiss pediatric oncology units remains largely overlooked. To address this gap, the “KiKli Fit” project has been initiated. This program features personalized training sessions during acute care, accompanied by PA counseling during the transition to the post-acute phase. Importantly, it engages not only the patients but also their families, since they play a crucial role in shaping youth’s PA behavior (Cheung et al., 2021). The PA counseling is designed to enhance motivation, volition, enjoyment, family health-climate, and ultimately, foster an active lifestyle (Schorno et al., 2022). This study aims to outline the theoretical development of the counseling approach and present initial findings from its implementation.\u0000Methods\u0000We plan a two-arm multicenter crossover-controlled trial to investigate the effects of the whole PA program. The trial will compare the PA program (intervention group in Bern, n = 40) with standard treatment (control group in Basel, n = 40). Participants will be aged 6-18, newly diagnosed with cancer and undergoing neurotoxic treatment for at least six weeks. The PA counseling comprises four sessions involving the child or adolescent and their parents. These sessions cover various topics, including parental concerns about their child performing PA, individual preferences in exercise and sports, and ways to be physically active as a whole family. Motivational interviewing techniques are applied across all sessions. The study will start in early 2024. Outcomes will be measured three times (once at admission, after twelve weeks of intervention and for follow-up after six months).\u0000Discussion\u0000The “KiKli Fit”-project is a complex program that aims to promote PA in and after acute care by combining personalized training sessions with PA counseling. The scalability of the PA counseling is a key advantage, allowing it to reach a wide demographic, including those who have completed treatment. Fostering PA in young cancer patients seems to particularly important because it can set a foundation for a healthier lifestyle as they transition into adulthood.\u0000References\u0000Cheung, A. T., Li, W. H. C., Ho, L. L. K., Chan, G. C. F., & Chung, J. O. K. (2021). Parental perspectives on promoting physical activity for their children surviving cancer: A qualitative study. Patient Education and Counseling, 104(7), 1719-1725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.11.009\u0000Schorno, N., Gut, V., Conzelmann, A., & Schmid, J. (2022). Effectiveness of individual exercise and sport counseling based on motives and goals: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 44(2), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0018\u0000Stout, N. L., Baima, J., Swisher, A. K., Winters-Stone, K. M., & Welsh, J. (","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"91 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139860239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Good governance principles: Snapshot of athletes’ and coaches’ commissions within their National Sports Federations in 2019","authors":"Andreas Ch. Weber, Salome Weber, Larssyn Staley","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss083","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Good governance principles of National Sports Federations (NSF) include the representation of athletes and coaches through commissions (PlayTheGame, n. d.). This representation has been an important issue in Switzerland since the “Magglingen Protocols” of October 2020, which outlined the abuses in Swiss women’s gymnastics. In response, Swiss Olympic and the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport have taken measures, including the representation of athletes and coaches within their NSFs. One year before the abuses became public, athletes, coaches and NSFs’ officials were surveyed regarding principles of good governance. The surveys comprised questions on their involvement in policy-making at national level and, in particular, the existence of an athletes’ and coaches’ commission within their NSFs. \u0000Methods \u0000Using the SPLISS model (Sports Policy Factors Leading to International Sporing Success) and respective surveys (De Bosscher et al., 2006), 1,450 athletes with a Swiss Olympic Card Gold, Silver, Bronze or Elite from 54 different sports, 734 coaches with a national coaching position and a professional coaching qualification and 122 officials from NSFs were surveyed via an online survey (Kempf et al., 2021). \u0000Results \u0000Around 990 athletes assessed their involvement in the development and evaluation of policy guidelines, of which 16% (n = 156) reported to be “very/sufficiently involved” in the development within their NSF, followed by 13% (n = 130) for Swiss Olympic and 10% (n = 99) in FOSPO respectively. Overall, 50% (n = 451 – 507) of athletes consider their involvement to be “insufficient/not at all” in all three organisations. The responses for the evaluation of policy guidelines were similar. Regarding the existence of an athlete’s commission within their NSF, 44% (n = 442) of athletes stated that there is one, while 35% (n = 351) did not know; respectively coaches for coaches’ commission: 30% (n = 129) and 25% (n = 108). Finally, 46% (n = 41) of officials stated that there was a coaches’ committee in their NSF and 30% (n = 25) for the athletes’ commissions respectively. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000The results show that in 2019, an important number of athletes do not feel sufficiently involved in national level policy-making and that a significant number of athletes and coaches are not represented by a commission within their NSF. Meanwhile, the findings confirm the need for improved communication, particularly in relation to the existence of commissions. As posited by PlayTheGame (n. d.), clearly communicating the rights and responsibilities of commission members is needed to improve coaches and athletes’ involvement. Further research could make a comparison with the current situation and analyse the impact of the measures introduced by FOSPO and Swiss Olympic since 2020. \u0000References \u0000De Bosscher, V., De Knop, P., Van Bottenburg, M., & Shibli, S. (2006). A conceptual framework for analysing sports policy factors le","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"25 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of the menstrual cycle on the physiological responses to exercise in eumenorrheic women at high-altitude","authors":"Guia Tagliapietra, Tom Citherlet, Antoine Raberin, Giorgio Manferdelli, B. Krumm, Benjamin J. Narang, N. Bourdillon, T. Debevec, Guido Giardini, Grégoire P. Millet","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss077","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The acute mountain sickness (AMS) prevalence increases with altitude; i.e.,10-25% at 2,500 m and 50-85% at ~5,000 m (Bärtsch & Swenson, 2013). Women are more likely affected by AMS than men (Richalet et al., 2012). AMS can affect exercise performance. However, the effects of the menstrual cycle (MC) on physiological responses to exercise and on tolerance to high-altitude (HA) remain underexplored. It has been reported that ovarian hormones stimulate ventilation in normoxic conditions (Saaresranta & Polo, 2002). Early findings suggest that running economy is lower in the mid-luteal (ML) compared to the early-follicular (EF) phase in normoxia (Goldsmith & Glaister, 2020). However, cycling efficiency at HA has not been explored yet. Thus, we investigated the effects of acute HA exposure on ventilatory responses at rest and during exercise in healthy females during two different phases of their MC. \u0000Methods \u0000Sixteen eumenorrheic women (age: 33 ± 7 yr; MC length: 27 ± 2 days; not taking any hormonal contraceptive) took part in this study. First, over a 6-month period, the participants’ MC were monitored using a calendar method. Then, they reached the Torino Hut (3,375 m) by cable car and spent one night at HA on two different MC phases; i.e., during the early-follicular (EF; MC day 4 ± 1) and the mid-luteal (ML; day 20 ± 2) phases. Each time, they underwent a submaximal (1.2 W/kg) test on a cycle ergometer ~17 h after arrival at HA. In addition to this, participants filled in two questionnaires, the Lake Louise AMS Score and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale, ~16 h after arrival at HA. \u0000Results \u0000Resting ventilation was significantly higher during EF compared to ML (15.2 ± 1.9 vs. 13.2 ± 2.5 L/min, p = 0.039), while no differences were found for ventilation during exercise (53.9 ± 13.2 vs. 53.5 ± 13.4 L/min, p = 0.695), cycling efficiency (21.7 ± 0.0% vs. 19.8 ± 0.0%, p = 0.244), saturation at rest (92.4 ± 1.3 vs. 91.3 ± 3.2%, p = 0.142) and during exercise (87.2 ± 5.7 vs. 89.0 ± 4.0%, p = 0.528). Moreover, no differences in the Lake Louise AMS (2.2 ± 1.5 vs. 1.7 ± 1.5, p = 0.266) or Groningen (8.0 ± 3.3 vs. 7.5 ± 3.4, p = 0.668) scores were noted between the two MC phases. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000Despite a slightly higher resting ventilation during EF, when both oestrogens and progesterone are at their lowest levels, there were no differences in ventilatory responses to exercise and in AMS between the different phases of the MC. Consequently, there is currently very little evidence to aptly recommend a specific MC phase for mountaineering or any other HA activities (Burtscher et al., 2023). Further investigations are requested to assess whether other physiological responses to HA may be influenced by hormonal variations. \u0000References \u0000Bärtsch, P., & Swenson, E. R. (2013). Acute high-altitude illnesses. New England Journal of Medicine, 368, 2294–2302. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1214870 \u0000Burtscher, J., Raberin, A., Brocherie, F., Malates","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on meaning in qualitative research","authors":"Noora J. Ronkainen, Michael McDougall","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss001","url":null,"abstract":"A characterising trait of qualitative research, as opposed to quantitative research, is its assumed focus on meaning. For example, Smith and Sparkes (2016, p. 2) suggested that “To interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them, qualitative researchers draw on a variety of empirical materials”. Although there might be an intuitive understanding of what “meaning” means, different traditions of qualitative research have unique ways of conceptualising where meaning is located and how it might best be studied. In this presentation, we will explore three qualitative traditions – phenomenology, narrative inquiry and cultural analysis – to explicate these different assumptions and how they influence the qualitative research process. Firstly, we will focus on phenomenological approaches to qualitative research which often emphasise the lived, pre-verbal experience of meaning before it is crystallised into words. From this perspective, the challenge for the qualitative research is to help the participants to explicate meanings of their experience through careful questioning. Secondly, we explore narrative approaches that consider meaning as created through storytelling and co-constructed with the researcher with particular audiences in mind. From this perspective, meaning is personal, but constructed from the cultural building blocks of example stories that are available to the storyteller. Finally, in cultural analysis, the focus is not on personal meaning, but rather the culturally shared webs of significance that make meaningful actions possible for cultural insiders. We conclude that explicating the types of assumptions that researchers draw on in the study of meaning can enhance the quality of qualitative research, and that the diverse perspectives often lead to complementary, enriching understandings of meaning in the world of sport and physical culture.\u0000References\u0000Smith, B., & Sparkes, A. C. (Eds.). (2016). Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise. Routledge.","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139862503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who’s better? Adaptive comparative judgment of dance performances","authors":"Eric Jeisy","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss051","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Adaptive Comparative Judgment (ACJ) is a promising digital assessment method that allows measurement of performance or competencies by repeated comparisons of two items. Whereas ACJ is becoming a popular assessment method in educational measurement there are no such studies or published use cases in the context of sport or physical education-related teacher education (Bartholomew & Jones, 2022). To address this research gap, an explorative and comparative study was conducted to investigate whether ACJ offers an advantage over the traditional form of criteria-oriented scoring (TA) in the evaluation of students' dance performances. \u0000Methods \u0000In four face-to-face examinations the dance performances of 61 student teachers (82% female) were assessed by two lecturers in each case (n = 5; Age M = 50, 3 women, 2 men). Each lecturer scored independently on an 18-point scale on five different evaluation categories (e.g., technical quality). In addition, the dance performances were videotaped, and the same five lecturers assessed the dance performances again using the ACJ tool Comproved. To analyze interrater agreement and reliability, intraclass correlation (ICC) was calculated for the traditional assessment (Sato, 2022). The reliability of the ACJ was analyzed by calculating scale separation reliability (SSR; Verhavert et al., 2019). A Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was conducted to analyze whether there is a correlation between the ranked results of the two assessment methods. To assess the validity of the assessment methods, a focus group interview was conducted with the lecturers involved in the study. \u0000Results and Discussion \u0000Both assessment methods are characterized by very high and high reliability values (TA: ICC = 0.974, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.955-0.985 p < .001; ACJ: SSR: 0.83, Ability [-5.97, 4.99], Misfit [-1.68, 1.34]). In particular, the ICC of the TA is higher than comparable results in dance research (Sato, 2022). There are doubts as to whether the lecturers really scored independently of each other at the face-to-face examinations. The ranked results of both methods correlate with a very strong effect (Spearman’s-Rho: rs -.818, p < 0.001). However, detailed analyses show some differences. The answer to the question of who delivered the best dance performance differs depending on the assessment method. In addition, in the traditional assessment, many scores fall on a value at which the dance examination is just passed (10 points). The results of the focus group interview are still being analyzed and will be presented at the conference. \u0000References \u0000Bartholomew, S. R., & Jones, M. D. (2022). A systematized review of research with adaptive comparative judgment (ACJ) in higher education. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 32(2), 1159-1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-020-09642-6 \u0000Sato, N. (2022). Improving reliability and validity in hip-hop dance assessment: Judging standards that elevate","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}