Abstract:The UNESCO World Heritage Convention (1972) was conceived with the mandate of protecting cultural and natural sites that represent part of the global narrative of humanity. This article contextualises the Canadian Indian residential school system, and specifically the Mohawk Institute of Brantford, Ontario, within this international convention. In demonstrating how the Mohawk Institute could be a contender for World Heritage status, this article incorporates recommendations from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that illustrate how commemoration can be used as a tool towards reconciliation.
{"title":"Commemoration and reconciliation: The Mohawk Institute as a World Heritage Site","authors":"C. Groat","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The UNESCO World Heritage Convention (1972) was conceived with the mandate of protecting cultural and natural sites that represent part of the global narrative of humanity. This article contextualises the Canadian Indian residential school system, and specifically the Mohawk Institute of Brantford, Ontario, within this international convention. In demonstrating how the Mohawk Institute could be a contender for World Heritage status, this article incorporates recommendations from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that illustrate how commemoration can be used as a tool towards reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Harold Innis (1930) famously described Canada as a country comprised of 'hewers of wood and drawers of water'. The staples approach that he advanced and which his followers subsequently further developed has become a reference point for continuing debate over the economic importance and consequences of natural resource development in Canada, a debate reignited by the long commodities boom of 2000–14. In this article we examine another, overlooked legacy of the staples approach, namely, the ways in which its emphasis on linkages has provided a frame of reference for opponents of natural resource projects. This is illustrated by examining some of the contemporary contestations of resource projects in northern British Columbia. These examples also show, however, that the staples approach provides only a partial frame of reference for contemporary contestations; more recent concerns such as Indigenous rights, procedural fairness, and environmental issues also play a significant role in oppositional politics to resource projects. Nevertheless, our discussion shows that Canada at 150 is still debating the role that natural resource development should play, and that the legacy of the staples approach continues to play a role in the debate.
{"title":"Contesting natural resource development in Canada: The legacies and limits of the staples approach","authors":"P. Bowles, F. MacPhail","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Harold Innis (1930) famously described Canada as a country comprised of 'hewers of wood and drawers of water'. The staples approach that he advanced and which his followers subsequently further developed has become a reference point for continuing debate over the economic importance and consequences of natural resource development in Canada, a debate reignited by the long commodities boom of 2000–14. In this article we examine another, overlooked legacy of the staples approach, namely, the ways in which its emphasis on linkages has provided a frame of reference for opponents of natural resource projects. This is illustrated by examining some of the contemporary contestations of resource projects in northern British Columbia. These examples also show, however, that the staples approach provides only a partial frame of reference for contemporary contestations; more recent concerns such as Indigenous rights, procedural fairness, and environmental issues also play a significant role in oppositional politics to resource projects. Nevertheless, our discussion shows that Canada at 150 is still debating the role that natural resource development should play, and that the legacy of the staples approach continues to play a role in the debate.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3828/BJCS.2018.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44836189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction","authors":"J. Mann","doi":"10.3828/bjcs.2018.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2018.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42741372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In this anecdotal article, I employ Eva Mackey's concept of settler uncertainty to analyse my place in settler colonialism. I grew up in the quintessentially Canadian setting of Parry Sound, Ontario–a town steeped in anti-Indigenous racism as much as nationalistic imagery. However, majoring in Canadian studies at Carleton University forced me to grapple with the colonial and racist nature of my upbringing. This self-reflexive piece critically examines my motivations for entering academia through formative stories from my childhood and reflections on my scholarly pursuits, exploring the influence of guilt on my so-called transformation. This article was originally written during my political science undergraduate degree at York University. Rather than updating it I have added another level of reflection critically analysing the previous work. I outline my previous adherence to colonial structures, my internal struggle to leave them behind, and ongoing reflections concerning settler decolonisation within the academy.
{"title":"Avoiding innocence: Unsettling white guilt","authors":"Darren Zanussi","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this anecdotal article, I employ Eva Mackey's concept of settler uncertainty to analyse my place in settler colonialism. I grew up in the quintessentially Canadian setting of Parry Sound, Ontario–a town steeped in anti-Indigenous racism as much as nationalistic imagery. However, majoring in Canadian studies at Carleton University forced me to grapple with the colonial and racist nature of my upbringing. This self-reflexive piece critically examines my motivations for entering academia through formative stories from my childhood and reflections on my scholarly pursuits, exploring the influence of guilt on my so-called transformation. This article was originally written during my political science undergraduate degree at York University. Rather than updating it I have added another level of reflection critically analysing the previous work. I outline my previous adherence to colonial structures, my internal struggle to leave them behind, and ongoing reflections concerning settler decolonisation within the academy.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47965672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article proposes to read the landscape in Jane Urquhart's Away both as a stratigraphy of memories and as a cultural medium that not only symbolises power relations but also works as an agent of power. Through investigating the dehistoricised and decontextualised landscape in Northrop Frye's garrison mentality, the article argues that Away refuses to participate in the colonialist operation of reducing the Canadian topography to terra nullius by raising the issue of amnesia and restoring the trauma of history to the landscape that has been emptied of its layered past for (re-)territorialisation.
{"title":"Landscape and history in Jane Urquhart's Away","authors":"Mei-Chuen Wang","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article proposes to read the landscape in Jane Urquhart's Away both as a stratigraphy of memories and as a cultural medium that not only symbolises power relations but also works as an agent of power. Through investigating the dehistoricised and decontextualised landscape in Northrop Frye's garrison mentality, the article argues that Away refuses to participate in the colonialist operation of reducing the Canadian topography to terra nullius by raising the issue of amnesia and restoring the trauma of history to the landscape that has been emptied of its layered past for (re-)territorialisation.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43324676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew S. Wiseman, Kevin Brushett, Thirstan Falconer, Will Smith, Tolly Bradford, M. Hanrahan, Jeffrey F. Collins, Eva Darias-Beautell, R. Todd, Benjamin Diepeveen, T. Scott, F. Todd, C. Rolfe, Cristina Pietropaolo, F. Hammill, Phillip Buckner, H. Kennedy
{"title":"Reviews Editor: Vivien Hughes","authors":"Matthew S. Wiseman, Kevin Brushett, Thirstan Falconer, Will Smith, Tolly Bradford, M. Hanrahan, Jeffrey F. Collins, Eva Darias-Beautell, R. Todd, Benjamin Diepeveen, T. Scott, F. Todd, C. Rolfe, Cristina Pietropaolo, F. Hammill, Phillip Buckner, H. Kennedy","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In the year when Canadians celebrate 150 years of confederation, we recognise the frequent absence of cultural minorities from national commemorative events, such as the Acadians. However, minority commemorative events serve as a strong factor in helping maintain ideologies, as imposed on the minority's general population by their cultural elite. In addition to a synthesis of ideological evidence in Acadian commemorative events, the current project addresses the importance of ethnographic work in the study of ideology of small 'nations'. Drawing upon a series of open-ended interviews, a collection known as the 2004 ArtcaDIT corpus collected by Le Musée acadien du Québec, this article details the results of a short content analysis of transcribed oral testimonies by New Brunswick Acadians who reflect on the impact and purpose of the 2004 Acadian Quadricentennial Celebration. While the data set is small, patterns suggest that views among New Brunswick Acadians of 2004 do in fact corroborate the Acadian national ideology imposed by the Acadian elite who have sought cultural minority protection of l'Acadie moderne through linguistic rights and duality. However, these results are not exclusive, as a number of testimonies also suggest a lingering adherence to traditional Acadian views that emphasises the importance of history and genealogy. Finally, this article demonstrates again the presence of the Acadian 'dilemma' which could be alleviated by further studying ideologies within other Acadian regions.
摘要:在加拿大人庆祝联邦150周年的这一年，我们意识到经常没有文化少数民族参加国家纪念活动，比如阿卡迪亚人。然而，少数民族纪念活动是帮助维持意识形态的一个重要因素，这些意识形态是少数民族文化精英强加给普通民众的。除了综合阿卡迪亚纪念活动中的意识形态证据外，当前的项目还强调了民族志工作在研究小“国家”意识形态方面的重要性。本文根据一系列开放式访谈，即由Le musemacdien du quacimbec收集的2004年ArtcaDIT语料集，详细介绍了对新不伦瑞克省阿卡迪亚人口头证词的简短内容分析结果，这些口头证词反映了2004年阿卡迪亚四百周年庆典的影响和目的。虽然数据集很小，但模式表明，2004年新不伦瑞克省阿卡迪亚人的观点确实证实了阿卡迪亚精英强加的阿卡迪亚民族意识形态，阿卡迪亚精英通过语言权利和二元性寻求对阿卡迪亚现代文化的少数民族保护。然而，这些结果并不是唯一的，因为许多证据也表明，阿卡迪亚人仍然坚持传统的观点，强调历史和家谱的重要性。最后，本文再次证明了阿卡迪亚“困境”的存在，这可以通过进一步研究其他阿卡迪亚地区的意识形态来缓解。
{"title":"Celebrating Acadian milestones in 2004","authors":"Christina Keppie","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the year when Canadians celebrate 150 years of confederation, we recognise the frequent absence of cultural minorities from national commemorative events, such as the Acadians. However, minority commemorative events serve as a strong factor in helping maintain ideologies, as imposed on the minority's general population by their cultural elite. In addition to a synthesis of ideological evidence in Acadian commemorative events, the current project addresses the importance of ethnographic work in the study of ideology of small 'nations'. Drawing upon a series of open-ended interviews, a collection known as the 2004 ArtcaDIT corpus collected by Le Musée acadien du Québec, this article details the results of a short content analysis of transcribed oral testimonies by New Brunswick Acadians who reflect on the impact and purpose of the 2004 Acadian Quadricentennial Celebration. While the data set is small, patterns suggest that views among New Brunswick Acadians of 2004 do in fact corroborate the Acadian national ideology imposed by the Acadian elite who have sought cultural minority protection of l'Acadie moderne through linguistic rights and duality. However, these results are not exclusive, as a number of testimonies also suggest a lingering adherence to traditional Acadian views that emphasises the importance of history and genealogy. Finally, this article demonstrates again the presence of the Acadian 'dilemma' which could be alleviated by further studying ideologies within other Acadian regions.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48335923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article discusses how the desire to maintain the connection to the 'mother country' contributed to the outcome of the movements for and against Confederation in Nova Scotia. In the 1860s, no opinion polls were conducted, but newspapers were the major arena of distributing news and expressing views. They offer an important insight into the opinions of Nova Scotians towards Confederation during the critical time when they bitterly debated about remaining or leaving the Dominion of Canada. Moreover, they illustrate views about the risk of breaking their affiliation with the 'mother country' in order to achieve the repeal of their admission into the Dominion of Canada.
{"title":"Great Britain and the Nova Scotian Confederate and Repeal movements, 1864–9","authors":"Mathias Rodorff","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article discusses how the desire to maintain the connection to the 'mother country' contributed to the outcome of the movements for and against Confederation in Nova Scotia. In the 1860s, no opinion polls were conducted, but newspapers were the major arena of distributing news and expressing views. They offer an important insight into the opinions of Nova Scotians towards Confederation during the critical time when they bitterly debated about remaining or leaving the Dominion of Canada. Moreover, they illustrate views about the risk of breaking their affiliation with the 'mother country' in order to achieve the repeal of their admission into the Dominion of Canada.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3828/BJCS.2018.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46560207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The work of Icelandic-Canadian writer Kristjana Gunnars crosses genres and confuses the boundaries between fiction, poetry, biography, essay, and theory. This article addresses her relationship to the French literary theorist Roland Barthes. By paying close attention to the texts which mention Barthes specifically, the poem-cycle Carnival of Longing (1989) and the memoir Zero Hour (1991), it is possible to examine the approaches to desire, grief, and writing that give both Gunnars’s and Barthes’s work their enduring relevance. Gunnars reads Barthes against the grain, seeing the fragmentary strategy of A Lover’s Discourse (1979) as a refusal of genre and taking Writing Degree Zero’s (1968) revolutionary strategy of ‘colourless writing’ as a strategy for dealing with grief. An examination of her citations of and allusions to Barthes will show us how Gunnars interprets and remakes theory into poetry.Abstract:L’œuvre de l’écrivaine islando-canadienne englobe les genres et confond les frontières entre roman, poésie, biographie, essai et théorie. Cet article traite de sa relation au théoricien littéraire français, Roland Barthes. En accordant une attention particulière aux textes qui mentionnent expressément Barthes, au cycle de poèmes Carnival of Longing (1989) et au mémoire Zero Hour (1991), il est possible d’examiner les approches du désir, du chagrin et de l’écriture qui font que les travaux de Gunnars et de Barthes restent d’actualité. Gunnars lit contre Barthes voyant la stratégie fragmentaire de Fragments d’un discours amoureux (1977) comme le refus d’un genre et prenant la stratégie révolutionnaire de l’écriture blanche exprimée dans Le Degré zéro de l’écriture (1953) comme une stratégie pour surmonter le chagrin. Un examen de ses citations et de ses allusions à Barthes nous montreront comment Gunnars interprète et réinvente la théorie en poésie.
{"title":"‘I have heard of the end of writing’: Kristjana Gunnars and Roland Barthes/‘J’ai entendu parler de la fin de l’écriture’: Kristjana Gunnars et Roland Barthes","authors":"C. Gardner","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The work of Icelandic-Canadian writer Kristjana Gunnars crosses genres and confuses the boundaries between fiction, poetry, biography, essay, and theory. This article addresses her relationship to the French literary theorist Roland Barthes. By paying close attention to the texts which mention Barthes specifically, the poem-cycle Carnival of Longing (1989) and the memoir Zero Hour (1991), it is possible to examine the approaches to desire, grief, and writing that give both Gunnars’s and Barthes’s work their enduring relevance. Gunnars reads Barthes against the grain, seeing the fragmentary strategy of A Lover’s Discourse (1979) as a refusal of genre and taking Writing Degree Zero’s (1968) revolutionary strategy of ‘colourless writing’ as a strategy for dealing with grief. An examination of her citations of and allusions to Barthes will show us how Gunnars interprets and remakes theory into poetry.Abstract:L’œuvre de l’écrivaine islando-canadienne englobe les genres et confond les frontières entre roman, poésie, biographie, essai et théorie. Cet article traite de sa relation au théoricien littéraire français, Roland Barthes. En accordant une attention particulière aux textes qui mentionnent expressément Barthes, au cycle de poèmes Carnival of Longing (1989) et au mémoire Zero Hour (1991), il est possible d’examiner les approches du désir, du chagrin et de l’écriture qui font que les travaux de Gunnars et de Barthes restent d’actualité. Gunnars lit contre Barthes voyant la stratégie fragmentaire de Fragments d’un discours amoureux (1977) comme le refus d’un genre et prenant la stratégie révolutionnaire de l’écriture blanche exprimée dans Le Degré zéro de l’écriture (1953) comme une stratégie pour surmonter le chagrin. Un examen de ses citations et de ses allusions à Barthes nous montreront comment Gunnars interprète et réinvente la théorie en poésie.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3828/BJCS.2018.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48881584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article argues that Margaret Laurence’s writings about Somalia and Ghana offer a critical yet ideologically loaded conception of development, modernity, and affiliation. It contends that these writings anticipate Anthony Smith’s recognition of the way ethnic identities predate and underpin conceptions of the nation; in so doing, Laurence’s work challenges theorisations of nationalism such as those of Benedict Anderson. At the same time, Laurence’s writings employ a type of Eurocentrism in that they formulate an antimodernism that conceives of African cultures as having the potential to revitalise the West not by being immemorially pre-modern, but rather by existing at an earlier, pre-national phase in a Western model of social development. Her African writings both use and subvert a progress narrative in which Western experiences of modernisation are universal; accordingly, they highlight a shortcoming that is common to theorists such as Anderson and others whose more nuanced theorisations Laurence anticipates.Abstract:Cet article fait valoir que les écrits de Margaret Laurence sur la Somalie et le Ghana présentent une conception critique du développement, de la modernité et de l’affiliation bien que chargés idéologiquement. Il affirme que ces écrits ont anticipé la reconnaissance faite par Anthony Smith de la façon dont les identités ethniques précèdent et sous-tendent les conceptions de la nation; ce faisant, l’œuvre de Laurence remet en question les théories de nationalisme telles que celle de Benedict Anderson. Dans le même temps, les écrits de Laurence emploient une forme d’eurocentrisme en ce sens qu’ils formulent un anti-modernisme qui conçoit les cultures africaines comme ayant le potentiel de revivifier l’Ouest non comme étant prémoderne d’une manière immémoriale mais plutôt comme ayant existé à une phase pré-nationale antérieure dans un modèle occidental de développement social. Ses écrits africains utilisent et renversent à la fois un récit du progrès dans lequel les expériences occidentales de modernisation sont universelles; en conséquence, ils mettent en évidence une faille commune aux théoriciens tels qu’Anderson ou d’autres aux théories plus nuancées que Laurence a devancés.
{"title":"Affiliation and antimodernism in Margaret Laurence’s African writings/Affiliation et anti-modernisme dans les écrits africains de Margaret Laurence","authors":"C. Watts","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2018.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2018.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article argues that Margaret Laurence’s writings about Somalia and Ghana offer a critical yet ideologically loaded conception of development, modernity, and affiliation. It contends that these writings anticipate Anthony Smith’s recognition of the way ethnic identities predate and underpin conceptions of the nation; in so doing, Laurence’s work challenges theorisations of nationalism such as those of Benedict Anderson. At the same time, Laurence’s writings employ a type of Eurocentrism in that they formulate an antimodernism that conceives of African cultures as having the potential to revitalise the West not by being immemorially pre-modern, but rather by existing at an earlier, pre-national phase in a Western model of social development. Her African writings both use and subvert a progress narrative in which Western experiences of modernisation are universal; accordingly, they highlight a shortcoming that is common to theorists such as Anderson and others whose more nuanced theorisations Laurence anticipates.Abstract:Cet article fait valoir que les écrits de Margaret Laurence sur la Somalie et le Ghana présentent une conception critique du développement, de la modernité et de l’affiliation bien que chargés idéologiquement. Il affirme que ces écrits ont anticipé la reconnaissance faite par Anthony Smith de la façon dont les identités ethniques précèdent et sous-tendent les conceptions de la nation; ce faisant, l’œuvre de Laurence remet en question les théories de nationalisme telles que celle de Benedict Anderson. Dans le même temps, les écrits de Laurence emploient une forme d’eurocentrisme en ce sens qu’ils formulent un anti-modernisme qui conçoit les cultures africaines comme ayant le potentiel de revivifier l’Ouest non comme étant prémoderne d’une manière immémoriale mais plutôt comme ayant existé à une phase pré-nationale antérieure dans un modèle occidental de développement social. Ses écrits africains utilisent et renversent à la fois un récit du progrès dans lequel les expériences occidentales de modernisation sont universelles; en conséquence, ils mettent en évidence une faille commune aux théoriciens tels qu’Anderson ou d’autres aux théories plus nuancées que Laurence a devancés.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3828/BJCS.2018.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49475733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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