Cobalt blue (CoAl2O4) pigment is a well-known high-end blue inorganic pigment with a spinel structure, and it is irreplaceable in the blue pigments either inorganic or organic ones due to its strong coloring performance, desirable blue chroma, and excellent chemical stability. Therefore, a series of strategies have been developed for the preparation of CoAl2O4 pigment including common solid-phase method, liquid-phase and gas-phase technologies to meet the requirements of different application fields. However, the relevant applications of CoAl2O4 pigment are restricted at a certain degree due to the high cost derived from the scarcity of cobalt sources as well as the aggregation of CoAl2O4 particles during the high-temperature crystallization process. Interestingly, incorporation of stable inorganic substrates facilitates the decrease in the production cost and the control of the size and blue intensity of CoAl2O4 nanoparticles, especially incorporation of natural or waste nonmetallic mineral resources. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the recent advance in the synthesis, relevant applications and color regulation mechanism of CoAl2O4 pigment combining with the literatures and our research achievements. It is mainly focused on the synthesis mechanism of different methods, and the relationships between the structures and the application performances, especially the structural composition and color performance of the designed CoAl2O4/silicate hybrid pigments. Finally, several suggestions are proposed for the future development trend on CoAl2O4 pigment and even other eco-friendly inorganic pigments.
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