Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799934
G. Ombach, J. Junak
This paper presents a comparison of two IPM - interior permanent brushless synchronous motor structures realized with the same stator geometry with two different rotor pole numbers. First analyzed motor has got stator with double layer winding with Q=12 slots and a rotor with 2p=8 poles. Second one, has got the similar stator with Q=12 slots and a rotor with 2p=10 poles. These two motors are analyzed as candidate for a mass production in an automotive area for an electric power steering application (EPS). The important factors for an EPS applications like: torque vs speed characteristics, power density, cogging torque, torque ripple, sizing, robustness and material costs are compared.
{"title":"Comparison of double-layer interior permanent magnet synchronous motor design with two different pole numbers","authors":"G. Ombach, J. Junak","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799934","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparison of two IPM - interior permanent brushless synchronous motor structures realized with the same stator geometry with two different rotor pole numbers. First analyzed motor has got stator with double layer winding with Q=12 slots and a rotor with 2p=8 poles. Second one, has got the similar stator with Q=12 slots and a rotor with 2p=10 poles. These two motors are analyzed as candidate for a mass production in an automotive area for an electric power steering application (EPS). The important factors for an EPS applications like: torque vs speed characteristics, power density, cogging torque, torque ripple, sizing, robustness and material costs are compared.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134505585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800013
Y. Chun, P. Han, Jaehoon Choi, D. Koo
The characteristics of an induction motor vary with the number of parameters and the performance relationship between the parameters also is implicit. In this article, the multiobjective optimization technique based on the genetic algorithm and sizing equation is applied for the three phase induction motor. The electromagnetic losses and the locked torque are selected for the objectives. The validity of the design results will be also clarified by comparison between calculated results and measured ones.
{"title":"Multiobjective optimization of three-phase induction motor design based on genetic algorithm","authors":"Y. Chun, P. Han, Jaehoon Choi, D. Koo","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800013","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics of an induction motor vary with the number of parameters and the performance relationship between the parameters also is implicit. In this article, the multiobjective optimization technique based on the genetic algorithm and sizing equation is applied for the three phase induction motor. The electromagnetic losses and the locked torque are selected for the objectives. The validity of the design results will be also clarified by comparison between calculated results and measured ones.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133119400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799910
T. Vandoorn, F. De Belie, T. Vyncke, J. Melkebeek, P. Lataire
Despite the effectiveness of the standstill frequency-response test or SSFR test in identifying accurate electrical machine models, it has the disadvantage of being a time consuming method. Therefore the use of a broadband signal is proposed instead of the excitation of only one frequency in the test signal and this sequentially for different signal frequencies. Furthermore, the test signals are often generated by using a waveform generator externally applied to the machine, which is not commonly available in the field. In this paper the generation of broadband test signals by using a voltage-source inverter (VSI) resulting in a multisine SSFR test is discussed. Using this multisine SSFR test the influence of saturation and cross-saturation on the q- and d-axis parameters can be swiftly evaluated.
{"title":"Generating multisinusoidal test signals by using a VSI for the identification of synchronous machines","authors":"T. Vandoorn, F. De Belie, T. Vyncke, J. Melkebeek, P. Lataire","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799910","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the effectiveness of the standstill frequency-response test or SSFR test in identifying accurate electrical machine models, it has the disadvantage of being a time consuming method. Therefore the use of a broadband signal is proposed instead of the excitation of only one frequency in the test signal and this sequentially for different signal frequencies. Furthermore, the test signals are often generated by using a waveform generator externally applied to the machine, which is not commonly available in the field. In this paper the generation of broadband test signals by using a voltage-source inverter (VSI) resulting in a multisine SSFR test is discussed. Using this multisine SSFR test the influence of saturation and cross-saturation on the q- and d-axis parameters can be swiftly evaluated.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133376689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800232
F. Meier, S. Meier, J. Soulard
An educational web-based design tool for permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) is presented in this article. This tool, named Emetor, has been developed to be used in an undergraduate course on permanent-magnet machines. The technical aspects behind the tool, such as the PMSM's design procedure and the program architecture are presented. The benefits of Emetor in an educational environment are described. Different learning activities are presented to illustrate the potential of Emetor, as well as its suitability for education.
{"title":"Emetor - An educational web-based design tool for permanent-magnet synchronous machines","authors":"F. Meier, S. Meier, J. Soulard","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800232","url":null,"abstract":"An educational web-based design tool for permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) is presented in this article. This tool, named Emetor, has been developed to be used in an undergraduate course on permanent-magnet machines. The technical aspects behind the tool, such as the PMSM's design procedure and the program architecture are presented. The benefits of Emetor in an educational environment are described. Different learning activities are presented to illustrate the potential of Emetor, as well as its suitability for education.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130374581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800010
B. Bouaoune, Z. Makni, Y. Bernard, Y.M. Marquis
This paper describes a semi-analytical modeling of an industrial electrical system operating in a pulse mode. It focuses principally on the transformer leakage inductances computation. First, the implemented analytical model is presented. It takes into account nonlinear elements behaviors, such as transformers, as well as other elements that behavior is both discontinuous and nonlinear, such as static electronic switch. Then, the analytical model is completed by a numerical one based on finite elements calculation. The obtained combined model enables computing separately the transformer primary and secondary leakage inductances. The implementation of the hybrid analytical-numerical methodology highlights the complementarity of these two approaches and improves the reliability of ldquothe transformer calculationsrdquo.
{"title":"Pulse transformer leakage inductances computation","authors":"B. Bouaoune, Z. Makni, Y. Bernard, Y.M. Marquis","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a semi-analytical modeling of an industrial electrical system operating in a pulse mode. It focuses principally on the transformer leakage inductances computation. First, the implemented analytical model is presented. It takes into account nonlinear elements behaviors, such as transformers, as well as other elements that behavior is both discontinuous and nonlinear, such as static electronic switch. Then, the analytical model is completed by a numerical one based on finite elements calculation. The obtained combined model enables computing separately the transformer primary and secondary leakage inductances. The implementation of the hybrid analytical-numerical methodology highlights the complementarity of these two approaches and improves the reliability of ldquothe transformer calculationsrdquo.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115559281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800179
S. Englebretson, J. Kirtley
This paper presents measured bar-to-lamination contact resistance values for eight, 10 hp cast copper induction motors. The contact resistance values are compared to full load stray loss values determined using the IEEE input-output method. The stray losses generally decrease with decreasing contact resistance. This result is consistent with the general theory explained by Odok that rotor losses can peak at an intermediate value of contact resistance. For contact resistance values below the maximum loss value, decreasing the contact resistance would decrease the rotor losses. However, additional calculations and test results on skewed and non-skewed 5 hp cast aluminum cage motors are less consistent with the inter-bar loss calculations. The values of the two slot harmonic leakage reactance terms significantly impact the calculated rotor inter-bar losses.
{"title":"Induction motor stray losses and inter-bar currents","authors":"S. Englebretson, J. Kirtley","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800179","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents measured bar-to-lamination contact resistance values for eight, 10 hp cast copper induction motors. The contact resistance values are compared to full load stray loss values determined using the IEEE input-output method. The stray losses generally decrease with decreasing contact resistance. This result is consistent with the general theory explained by Odok that rotor losses can peak at an intermediate value of contact resistance. For contact resistance values below the maximum loss value, decreasing the contact resistance would decrease the rotor losses. However, additional calculations and test results on skewed and non-skewed 5 hp cast aluminum cage motors are less consistent with the inter-bar loss calculations. The values of the two slot harmonic leakage reactance terms significantly impact the calculated rotor inter-bar losses.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114345157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799874
Woei-Luen Chen, Yung-Ping Feng, C. Pien
This paper presents a low-cost and effective approach to generate harmonic elimination PWM (HEPWM) waveforms for three-phase voltage-sourced inverters (VSIs). In the developed approach, the off-line computations of switching patterns based on harmonic elimination strategy are stored in EPROM, thereby allowing a microprocessor-free design. With the proposed configuration, the circuits for the adjustments of modulation index and phase angle are synthesized onto a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) by means of hardware description language (VHDL). Since the VHDL statements, contrary to regular microprocessor programs, are inherently concurrent, high-speed response for determination of circuit output (switching state associated with the specified modulation index and phase angle) can be achieved. Furthermore, in order to limit switching losses for high power applications, eight switching sets having switching angles from 3 to 17 (M=2N+1, N=1...8) in each quarter fundamental period are available. Experimental and simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed configuration.
{"title":"A simple approach to the realization of an FPGA-based harmonic elimination PWM generator","authors":"Woei-Luen Chen, Yung-Ping Feng, C. Pien","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4799874","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-cost and effective approach to generate harmonic elimination PWM (HEPWM) waveforms for three-phase voltage-sourced inverters (VSIs). In the developed approach, the off-line computations of switching patterns based on harmonic elimination strategy are stored in EPROM, thereby allowing a microprocessor-free design. With the proposed configuration, the circuits for the adjustments of modulation index and phase angle are synthesized onto a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) by means of hardware description language (VHDL). Since the VHDL statements, contrary to regular microprocessor programs, are inherently concurrent, high-speed response for determination of circuit output (switching state associated with the specified modulation index and phase angle) can be achieved. Furthermore, in order to limit switching losses for high power applications, eight switching sets having switching angles from 3 to 17 (M=2N+1, N=1...8) in each quarter fundamental period are available. Experimental and simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed configuration.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114770272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800116
A. Nishimiya, H. Goto, Hai-Jiao Guo, O. Ichinokura
Switched reluctance motors (SR motors) have many advantages such as simple and solid construction, low-cost manufacturing, excellent reliability at high temperatures, and large torque density. However, the higher torque ripple from magnetic saliency is a serious problem preventing its applications from being expanded. To reduce torque ripple, we propose an instantaneous torque control method using flux-based commutation and phase-torque distribution. It provides efficient driving for SR motors with limited torque ripple. In this paper, we consider the application of this method to control torque of the SR motors for an electric vehicle (EV).
{"title":"A novel torque control for a SR motor EV","authors":"A. Nishimiya, H. Goto, Hai-Jiao Guo, O. Ichinokura","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800116","url":null,"abstract":"Switched reluctance motors (SR motors) have many advantages such as simple and solid construction, low-cost manufacturing, excellent reliability at high temperatures, and large torque density. However, the higher torque ripple from magnetic saliency is a serious problem preventing its applications from being expanded. To reduce torque ripple, we propose an instantaneous torque control method using flux-based commutation and phase-torque distribution. It provides efficient driving for SR motors with limited torque ripple. In this paper, we consider the application of this method to control torque of the SR motors for an electric vehicle (EV).","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117310912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800177
P. Rovolis, G. Loizos, A. Kladas, J. Tegopoulos
The paper presents a methodology for determination of harmonic iron losses in laminated iron cores under sinusoidal excitation for various frequencies and sinusoidal pulse width modulated voltage excitations. The method is based on measurements performed by using a convenient Epstein device supplied by a sinusoidal and a SPWM source, which are stored and processed in a PC by using an appropriate data acquisition card. It is shown that calculation of iron losses due harmonics cannot be performed by applying summation of harmonic components.
{"title":"Laminated iron core losses variation with frequency and under SPWM excitation","authors":"P. Rovolis, G. Loizos, A. Kladas, J. Tegopoulos","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800177","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a methodology for determination of harmonic iron losses in laminated iron cores under sinusoidal excitation for various frequencies and sinusoidal pulse width modulated voltage excitations. The method is based on measurements performed by using a convenient Epstein device supplied by a sinusoidal and a SPWM source, which are stored and processed in a PC by using an appropriate data acquisition card. It is shown that calculation of iron losses due harmonics cannot be performed by applying summation of harmonic components.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115802684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800187
Chan-Bae Park, Byung-Song Lee, H. Lee, Sam-Young Kwon, Hyun-june Park
In order to realize a traction system with high efficiency and performance for a railway transit, many researchers have continued to study on a linear induction motor (LIM). However, most of researches are limited in LIM unit design. On a moving LIM, the change of an air-gap (it occurs by a construction tolerance of a secondary reaction plate) can lead to decrease a smoother ride and efficiency of the railway transit system. Therefore, a uniform air-gap operation of the LIM is important issue to improve the system efficiency. However, the researches about the air-gap length control of the LIM have been not advanced a lot due to a technical and high-cost problem. Therefore, in this research, the authors introduce an air-gap control system to control the air-gap length which depends on the flatness of the secondary reaction plate when the LIM is been operating. Then, through a dynamic modeling and analysis of the system, the authors analyze characteristic variations of some parameters (spring coefficient, damping coefficient, displacement, and exiting force) which compose the system, and conduct a research on feasibility of the system.
{"title":"Air-gap control system of a linear induction motor for a railway transit","authors":"Chan-Bae Park, Byung-Song Lee, H. Lee, Sam-Young Kwon, Hyun-june Park","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800187","url":null,"abstract":"In order to realize a traction system with high efficiency and performance for a railway transit, many researchers have continued to study on a linear induction motor (LIM). However, most of researches are limited in LIM unit design. On a moving LIM, the change of an air-gap (it occurs by a construction tolerance of a secondary reaction plate) can lead to decrease a smoother ride and efficiency of the railway transit system. Therefore, a uniform air-gap operation of the LIM is important issue to improve the system efficiency. However, the researches about the air-gap length control of the LIM have been not advanced a lot due to a technical and high-cost problem. Therefore, in this research, the authors introduce an air-gap control system to control the air-gap length which depends on the flatness of the secondary reaction plate when the LIM is been operating. Then, through a dynamic modeling and analysis of the system, the authors analyze characteristic variations of some parameters (spring coefficient, damping coefficient, displacement, and exiting force) which compose the system, and conduct a research on feasibility of the system.","PeriodicalId":416125,"journal":{"name":"2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123721176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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