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THE ENVIRONMENT OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE LEGAL AND TAX ISSUES 电子商务环境的法律和税收问题
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/265-267
Seymur Firdovsi Huseynov
The growth of e-commerce in world trade has been so rapid that the legal systems of states and societies have been unprepared for the challenges that have arisen. These problems were not only related to the protection of consumer rights in the electronic environment, but also other legal, ethical and taxing issues. This article analyzes the legal and taxing problems posed by e-commerce, the conditions under which they arise, and the legislative techniques provided for in EU legislation in relation to the solution of these problems. Key words: e-commerce, taxation problems, legal problems, European value added tax
电子商务在世界贸易中的发展如此迅速,以至于国家和社会的法律体系对由此产生的挑战还没有做好准备。这些问题不仅涉及电子环境下消费者权益的保护,还涉及其他法律、伦理和税收问题。本文分析了电子商务所带来的法律和税收问题及其产生的条件,以及欧盟立法为解决这些问题所提供的立法技巧。关键词:电子商务,税收问题,法律问题,欧洲增值税
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引用次数: 0
The structure, territorial organization and development Dynamics of industries in Guba administrative region 古坝行政区产业结构、地域组织与发展动态
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/387-389
Gülnar Elmar qızı Hüseynova, Bakı Dövlət Universiteti magistrant, Tapdıq Güləhməd oğlu Həsənov, Bakı Dövlət Universiteti
The article analyzes the structure, territorial organization and development dynamics of industries in Guba administrative region. The analysis of the complex of natural conditions shows that the basis for the development of industries in the region is the efficient use of local raw materials. However, the underutilization of these opportunities has created certain problems in the complex development of industry in the region as a whole. Despite the rich local natural resources and other opportunities, the share of industrial products in total production very little. As a result of statistical analysis, it was determined that in 2010 the retail trade turnover in the administrative region was 194.1 million manat, but in 2019 it increased to 453.3 million manat. This increase was also reflected in the trade turnover per capita. It is clear from the analysis of statistical data of the relevant years that these indicators amounted to 1253.18 manat and 2625.07 manat. It has also helped increase the share of local products. It was determined that currently the share of local products in the retail trade turnover in the administrative region is 78%. The share of imported products in retail trade turnover is only 22%. Key words: industrial product, in-kind expression of industrial product, industrial structure, retail trade, trade turnover, imported product
文章分析了古坝行政区产业结构、地域组织和发展动态。对复杂自然条件的分析表明,该地区工业发展的基础是对当地原材料的有效利用。然而,这些机会的利用不足给整个地区工业的复杂发展带来了一些问题。尽管当地有丰富的自然资源和其他机会,但工业产品在总产量中所占的份额很小。根据统计分析,2010年行政区的零售贸易额为1.941亿马纳特,但2019年增至4.533亿马纳特。这一增长也反映在人均贸易额上。从有关年份的统计数据分析可以清楚地看出,这些指标分别为1253.18和2625.07马纳特。它还帮助增加了当地产品的份额。经确定,目前本地产品在行政区零售贸易额中所占份额为78%。进口产品在零售贸易额中所占份额仅为22%。关键词:工业产品、工业产品实物表达、产业结构、零售贸易、贸易额、进口产品
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引用次数: 0
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLE OF THE FREEDOM OF THE HIGH SEAS 公海自由原则的法律分析
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/405-407
Farida Ibrahim Hasanli
The high sea is the part of the world's oceans that does not fall under the jurisdiction of any state and is open to the use of all states.As can be seen from the definition, the seabed and ocean floor are not included in the concept of open sea due to their special legal status.No state can subjugate any part of the high seas to its sovereignty.The high seas are free for both coastal states and landlocked states. The legal regime of the high seas includes the following freedoms: 1) freedom of navigation; 2) freedom of flight; 3) freedom of fishing; 4) freedom of laying submarine cables and pipelines; 5) freedom of scientific research; 6) Freedom to create artificial islands and facilities. These freedoms must be exercised taking into account the requirements of international law and the interests of other states. Key words: high seas, flag state, military ships,international acts, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, navigation, overflight, fishing, cables and pipelines
公海是世界海洋的一部分,不属于任何国家管辖,开放给所有国家使用。从定义中可以看出,海床和洋底由于其特殊的法律地位而不包括在公海的概念中。任何国家都不能将公海的任何部分置于其主权之下。公海对沿海国家和内陆国家都是免费的。公海的法律制度包括下列各项自由:(1)航行自由;(二)飞行自由;(三)捕捞自由;4)海底电缆、管道敷设自由;(五)科学研究自由;6)建造人工岛和设施的自由。这些自由的行使必须考虑到国际法的要求和其他国家的利益。关键词:公海,船旗国,军舰,国际法,《联合国海洋法公约》,航行,飞越,捕鱼,电缆和管道
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引用次数: 0
Artistic features of memorial plaques in the works of Natig Aliyev 纳蒂格·阿利耶夫纪念牌匾的艺术特色
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/290-292
Gülgəz Məhəmməd qızı Rzayeva, Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti magistrant
The literaryization of historical events and memories of personalities in world art, the choice of artistic interpretations of images are of particular relevance. The most common type of memorial plaques are a close synthesis of architectural monuments and sculptures and serve as an integral part of the history and material culture of society. Memorial plaques occupy a large place in the work of Natig Aliyev. In addition to the similarity of the portrait in each of his images, the spiritual and psychological fullness of the work comes to the fore. Key words: sculpture, artist, poet, writer, memorial, plastic
历史事件的文学化和世界艺术中人物的记忆,对图像的艺术解释的选择是特别相关的。最常见的纪念牌类型是建筑纪念碑和雕塑的紧密结合,是社会历史和物质文化的组成部分。纪念牌在阿利耶夫的作品中占据了很大的位置。除了在他的每一个图像肖像的相似性,精神和心理的丰满的工作是脱颖而出。关键词:雕塑,艺术家,诗人,作家,纪念碑,塑料
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引用次数: 0
The role and importance of extradition in the search and judgment of transmitted criminals 引渡在搜查和审判被移交罪犯方面的作用和重要性
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/285-289
İbrahim Behruz oğlu İbrahimov, Bakı Dövlət Universiteti magistrant
One of the most important forms of cooperation used by states in the fight against transnational crime is the extradition of criminals. The extradition of offenders is the restoration of social justice in society, the acquisition of a deserved punishment, regardless of the whereabouts of the perpetrator, as well as the implementation of state functions aimed at the execution of the sentence imposed on him. On the other hand, the main purpose of extradition should not result in human rights violations, nor should it restrict people's right to life, liberty, and a fair trial. These criteria are enshrined in the 2000 UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. Key words: transnational crimes, mutual legal assistance, Criminal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, state sovereignty, responsibility of legal entities, international law, international criminal law, criminal jurisdiction
各国在打击跨国犯罪中使用的最重要的合作形式之一是引渡罪犯。罪犯的引渡是恢复社会的社会正义,获得应得的惩罚,无论罪犯的下落如何,以及执行旨在执行对他的判决的国家职能。另一方面,引渡的主要目的不应导致侵犯人权,也不应限制人们的生命权、自由权和公平审判权。这些标准载于2000年《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》。关键词:跨国犯罪、司法协助、《刑法》、《刑事诉讼法》、国家主权、法人责任、国际法、国际刑法、刑事管辖权
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引用次数: 0
Azerbaijan's experience of social adaptation of risk groups 阿塞拜疆对风险群体的社会适应经验
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/358-361
Fidan Bağır qızı Əliyeva, Azərbaycan Dövlət Pedaqoji Universiteti
Individuals at risk are determined by the theoretical, as well as the need for a socio-philosophical understanding of a person's position in the modern system of social relations, the analysis of social adaptation models and strategies, primarily by the objective needs of development. It is necessary to give priority to a person's problems, his physical and mental health, especially against the background of the constant socio-economic changes of recent decades. At the same time, it should be taken into account that the transformation processes carried out in our country, deep socio-economic transformations strengthen the social stratification of society, change the usual social structure, aggravate the existing situation and bring it to new forms. These negative components of the transformation period are particularly acute in relation to those at risk. Key words: Risk group, Transformation, social adaptation, social stratification, demographic indicators
个体面临的风险是由理论决定的,也是由社会哲学的需要来理解一个人在现代社会关系体系中的地位,分析社会适应模式和策略,主要是由发展的客观需要决定的。必须优先考虑一个人的问题,他的身心健康,特别是在最近几十年不断发生社会经济变化的背景下。与此同时,应该考虑到在我国进行的转型过程,深刻的社会经济转型加强了社会的社会分层,改变了通常的社会结构,加剧了现有的情况并使其产生新的形式。转型期的这些消极因素对处于危险中的人来说尤其严重。关键词:风险群体;转型;社会适应
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引用次数: 0
Historical and cultural conditions for the development of tourism in Ganja and Goygol Ganja和Goygol旅游发展的历史文化条件
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/398-400
Mövsüm Elçin oğlu Cahangirov, Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti magistrant
Tourism is one of the leading non-oil sectors in the field of tourism. Applied tourism is one of the fastest growing business sectors on a global scale. International tourism accounts for a significant portion of the world's gross domestic product, as well as a significant percentage of exports. A certain part of the world's able-bodied citizens are engaged in the tourism industry and related fields. These processes taking place in the world have affected the United States. If Azerbaijan's tourism is taken from the time of independence to the present day, it can be considered the future young, but the history of tourism traditions in our republic is quite old. Our great leader Heydar Aliyev, who has rendered invaluable services in all spheres in our country, has made great contributions to the development of tourism. It covers the years 1970-1980 as the development of tourism in Azerbaijan, the expansion of the geography of tourism and excursions. Were it not for the national leader Heydar Aliyev's special attention and care for tourism, we would not have such a developed tourism sector today. Key words: Ganja, Goygol, tourism, development, tourism development, historical tourism, historical and cultural factors, climate
旅游业是旅游业中主要的非石油部门之一。应用旅游业是全球范围内发展最快的商业部门之一。国际旅游占世界国内生产总值的很大一部分,也占出口的很大比例。世界上有一部分身体健全的公民从事旅游业和相关领域的工作。世界上正在发生的这些进程已经影响到美国。如果阿塞拜疆的旅游业从独立到现在,它可以被认为是未来的年轻人,但我们共和国的旅游传统历史相当悠久。我们伟大的领导人盖达尔·阿利耶夫在我国各个领域提供了宝贵的服务,为我国旅游业的发展作出了巨大贡献。它涵盖了1970-1980年阿塞拜疆旅游业的发展,旅游和短途旅行地理的扩大。如果没有国家领导人盖达尔·阿利耶夫对旅游业的特别关注和关心,我们就不会有今天这样发达的旅游业。关键词:大麻,Goygol,旅游,开发,旅游开发,历史旅游,历史文化因素,气候
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引用次数: 0
International legal framework for combating cybercrime 打击网络犯罪的国际法律框架
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/223-227
Ильгар Имдат оглу Гасанов
The article examines the relevance of cybercrime, their types and possible ways of their fulfillment, the peculiarities of cybercrime, as well as the international legal basis for the fight against this evil. Cyberspace crime is one of the most difficult problems that the international community has faced in recent years with the development of information and communication technologies. International coorperation in the fight against cybercrime is carried out in several directions and involves, first of all, the creation of regulations and the development of general recommendations, as well as the implementation of effective models of organizational interaction between states. Key words: cyberspace, cybercrime, international law, transnational crimes, Coucil of Europe, UN, Criminal Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, criminal policy
本文探讨了网络犯罪的相关性,网络犯罪的类型和可能的实现方式,网络犯罪的特点,以及打击这一罪恶的国际法律依据。网络犯罪是近年来随着信息通信技术的发展,国际社会面临的最棘手的问题之一。打击网络犯罪的国际合作是在几个方面进行的,首先包括制定规则和制定一般性建议,以及实施有效的国家间组织互动模式。关键词:网络空间,网络犯罪,国际法,跨国犯罪,欧洲委员会,联合国,阿塞拜疆刑法典,刑事政策
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF CONFIDENTIALITY IN MEDIATION 保密原则在调解中的重要性
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/314-316
Nijat Marif Jafarov
In the modern world, mediation is becoming an increasingly popular alternative to formal adjudication. Around the world, large-scale mediation programs have emerged, which deal with a huge number of both civil and criminal cases. As mediation becomes more widely used as an alternative method of dispute resolution, a new problem has emerged that threatens its continued viability-confidentiality. Confidentiality is a fundamental characterristic of the mediation process, a key feature that distinguishes mediation from litigation. The principle of confidentiality in mediation is a framework that enhances the security of the parties by giving them confidence that they are in a safe place where what is said and done during the process cannot be disclosed or used against them outside the process. This gives them the freedom to negotiate and increases the chances of successful mediation. This article explains the importance and role of the principle of confidentiality in the mediation process. Key words: alternative dispute resolution, mediation, confidentiality
在现代世界,调解正成为一种越来越受欢迎的替代正式裁决的方式。在世界各地,出现了大规模的调解项目,处理大量的民事和刑事案件。随着调解作为解决争端的一种替代方法被越来越广泛地使用,一个新的问题出现了,威胁到其持续的可行性——保密性。保密是调解过程的一个基本特征,也是区分调解和诉讼的一个关键特征。调解中的保密原则是一个加强当事方安全的框架,让当事方相信他们在一个安全的地方,在这个地方,在调解过程中所说的和所做的事情不能在调解过程之外被披露或用来对付他们。这使他们有了谈判的自由,并增加了调解成功的机会。本文解释了保密原则在调解过程中的重要性和作用。关键词:替代纠纷解决、调解、保密
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring the strength and sealing of flange connections used in oil mining equipments 保证石油开采设备法兰连接的强度和密封性
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.36719/2663-4619/65/321-324
Səbuhi İlqar oğlu Salmanov, Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti magistrant
The article discusses the tightness of flange connections used in oil field equipment, provides information about leakage of metallic gaskets. The research results is directed the development og metallic gaskets. Experimental explorations on the sealing of gaskets have been conducted. Based on the obtained analytical expression a graph of functional dependencies was constructed. Tests of metallic gaskets have performed on automatic equipment. Key words: flange connections, sealing, metallic gasket, elastic modulus, leakage rate, compressive stress, medium pressure
本文讨论了油田设备法兰连接的密封性,提供了金属垫圈泄漏的情况。研究结果对金属垫片的开发具有指导意义。对垫片的密封性进行了实验研究。根据得到的解析表达式,构造了函数依赖关系图。在自动设备上进行了金属垫圈的测试。关键词:法兰连接,密封,金属垫片,弹性模量,泄漏率,压应力,介质压力
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引用次数: 0
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