The aim of the article is to present several conceptions on the functional disorders and neurovegetative (au-tonomic) dysfunctions. It was indicated that it is important to distinguish between these two concepts and to preserve this division in the newer classifications. The following syndromes were given as examples: neurocirculatory asthenia, Raynaud disease and bodily distress syndrome. The current reflections were based mostly on foreign literature. The cited works largely focused on the issue of clinical psychosomatics, which may be a potential area of interest in neuropsychiatry. The research carried out so far indicates that the concept of organ neuroses should be removed from the medical literature and rightly replaced with the concept of neurovegetative (autonomic) dysfunctions. Likewise, psychosomatic disorders begin to be understood as functional disorders. However, it becomes questionable to view these diseases as only one diagnostic unit, which is the bodily distress syndrome. They may have different health consequences and complications. The nature of functional disorders and neurovegetative dysfunctions is still not well known. Several theories have arisen to explain them, but in general assessment they do not seem sufficient to use them en masse in clinical practice. Especially the development of neurovegetative dysfunctions should be constantly monitored, because, through the neurasthenic period, they can transform into severe organic disease.
{"title":"Psychopathological analysis of several functional disorders and neurovegetative dysfunctions","authors":"Łukasz Grabowski, Kinga Kończak-Czarnoczyńska","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117951","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to present several conceptions on the functional disorders and neurovegetative (au-tonomic) dysfunctions. It was indicated that it is important to distinguish between these two concepts and to preserve this division in the newer classifications. The following syndromes were given as examples: neurocirculatory asthenia, Raynaud disease and bodily distress syndrome. The current reflections were based mostly on foreign literature. The cited works largely focused on the issue of clinical psychosomatics, which may be a potential area of interest in neuropsychiatry. The research carried out so far indicates that the concept of organ neuroses should be removed from the medical literature and rightly replaced with the concept of neurovegetative (autonomic) dysfunctions. Likewise, psychosomatic disorders begin to be understood as functional disorders. However, it becomes questionable to view these diseases as only one diagnostic unit, which is the bodily distress syndrome. They may have different health consequences and complications. The nature of functional disorders and neurovegetative dysfunctions is still not well known. Several theories have arisen to explain them, but in general assessment they do not seem sufficient to use them en masse in clinical practice. Especially the development of neurovegetative dysfunctions should be constantly monitored, because, through the neurasthenic period, they can transform into severe organic disease.","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the usefulness of statistical learning systems in drawing conclusions about the cognitive performance status of elderly patients","authors":"A. Bednorz, E. Lach, P. Seiffert","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117959","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depression, anxiety, and psychological resilience among high school graduates – the role of type D personality","authors":"A. Mataczynska, K. Kucharska","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.124698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.124698","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Functional neurological disorder (FND) is the presence of neurological symptoms in the absence of a neurological disease. Diseases can cause degenerative changes in brain structures such as the corpus callosum (CC). Studies have shown that abnormalities in the CC are associated with FND symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the CC of patients with statistical shape analysis (SSA) and compare it with that of healthy subjects. Material and methods: Twenty patients with FND and 20 healthy individuals of similar ages, all females, par-ticipated in the study. In mid-sagittal images of each individual, the CC was marked using landmarks. The mean of ‘Procrustes’ points was calculated and shape deformations were evaluated using thin plate spline analysis. Results: Significant differences in shape were observed in the CC between the two groups, with maximum CC deformation in posterior region markings in those with FND. There was no significant difference between the CC area of patients diagnosed with FND and controls. Conclusions: Corpus callosum analysis with SSA revealed significant differences between patients and healthy subjects. The study findings highlighted the abnormal distribution of white matter in the CC and the variable subregional nature of CC in FND patients. This study may help future studies in terms of FND etiology, diagnosis and treatment options.
{"title":"Statistical shape analysis of corpus callosum in functional neurological disorder","authors":"M. Baykara, Sema Baykara, M. Atmaca","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117950","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Functional neurological disorder (FND) is the presence of neurological symptoms in the absence of a neurological disease. Diseases can cause degenerative changes in brain structures such as the corpus callosum (CC). Studies have shown that abnormalities in the CC are associated with FND symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the CC of patients with statistical shape analysis (SSA) and compare it with that of healthy subjects. Material and methods: Twenty patients with FND and 20 healthy individuals of similar ages, all females, par-ticipated in the study. In mid-sagittal images of each individual, the CC was marked using landmarks. The mean of ‘Procrustes’ points was calculated and shape deformations were evaluated using thin plate spline analysis. Results: Significant differences in shape were observed in the CC between the two groups, with maximum CC deformation in posterior region markings in those with FND. There was no significant difference between the CC area of patients diagnosed with FND and controls. Conclusions: Corpus callosum analysis with SSA revealed significant differences between patients and healthy subjects. The study findings highlighted the abnormal distribution of white matter in the CC and the variable subregional nature of CC in FND patients. This study may help future studies in terms of FND etiology, diagnosis and treatment options.","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Melnychuk, T. Grubi, S. Alieksieieva, S. Maslich, V. Lunov
Introduction: The urgency of the study is due to the appearance of an emergency caused by an extremely dangerous outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Every emergency, especially one which threatens health, is characterized by increased anxiety and depression among the population, causes chronic emotional disorders and requires provision of psychological and psychosocial assistance to the individual. In this regard, this article aims to describe and summarize theoretical and empirical research that will help identify the factors that shape the appropriate resource strategies for the development of resilience in overcoming the consequences of COVID-19. At the same time, this study revealed the role of resilience as a potential protective factor for mental health during an outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: The leading method of research is theoretical and methodological analysis, comprehension, comparison, classification and generalization of the main content of bibliographic sources that are relevant to the problem and purpose of the study. Results: The article presents the factors influencing resilience in the individual overcoming the consequences of COVID-19 taking into account the world experience. The main approaches to providing psychological assistance to a person in difficult life circumstances caused by the pandemic are identified. Conclusions: The factors influencing the resilience of a person during the COVID-19 pandemic are substantiated and singled out. The materials of the article are of practical value and extremely important for psychologists, psychotherapists, and physicians working to eliminate the consequences of the pandemic.
{"title":"Peculiarities of psychological assistance in overcoming the consequences of COVID-19: a resilience approach","authors":"T. Melnychuk, T. Grubi, S. Alieksieieva, S. Maslich, V. Lunov","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117960","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The urgency of the study is due to the appearance of an emergency caused by an extremely dangerous outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Every emergency, especially one which threatens health, is characterized by increased anxiety and depression among the population, causes chronic emotional disorders and requires provision of psychological and psychosocial assistance to the individual. In this regard, this article aims to describe and summarize theoretical and empirical research that will help identify the factors that shape the appropriate resource strategies for the development of resilience in overcoming the consequences of COVID-19. At the same time, this study revealed the role of resilience as a potential protective factor for mental health during an outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: The leading method of research is theoretical and methodological analysis, comprehension, comparison, classification and generalization of the main content of bibliographic sources that are relevant to the problem and purpose of the study. Results: The article presents the factors influencing resilience in the individual overcoming the consequences of COVID-19 taking into account the world experience. The main approaches to providing psychological assistance to a person in difficult life circumstances caused by the pandemic are identified. Conclusions: The factors influencing the resilience of a person during the COVID-19 pandemic are substantiated and singled out. The materials of the article are of practical value and extremely important for psychologists, psychotherapists, and physicians working to eliminate the consequences of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veronica Casadei, J. Jaracz, P. Wójciak, F. Rybakowski
{"title":"Correlations between negative symptoms, physical activity and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia – a literature review","authors":"Veronica Casadei, J. Jaracz, P. Wójciak, F. Rybakowski","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.124689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.124689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
were qualified for further analysis. It was found that the state of the literature is satisfactory to conduct independent research on its basis and it was assumed that the development of this form of therapy is an expected issue.
{"title":"The use of EEG neurofeedback in the rehabilitation of childhood epilepsy","authors":"M. Kopańska, D. Ochojska","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117953","url":null,"abstract":"were qualified for further analysis. It was found that the state of the literature is satisfactory to conduct independent research on its basis and it was assumed that the development of this form of therapy is an expected issue.","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"08 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maiia Savina, Miliena O. Antonovych, Olena Gorova, L. Shevchenko, T. Melnychuk
Introduction: The issue under consideration is the study of gender role traits and protective mechanisms of an addictive personality. These are the characteristics that determine the processes of adaptation, form the adaptive system, and contribute to its subjective comfort. The aim of this research is to analyze the features of psychological protection and personal maturity mechanisms depending on gender types of women with signs of exercise addiction. Material and methods: To consider the manifestation of this phenomenon, the following psychodiagnostic methods were used: the Life Style Index (LSI), the structural gender-role scale of O.S. Kocharyan, E.V. Frolova, and the “Auto analytical questionnaire of a healthy personality” of V.O. Ananiev. Apart from that, the method of verifying the differences of unrelated samples (Student’s t -test), correlation analysis (Kendall’s τ coefficient), and factor analysis were applied in order to factorize the main data components (Varimax rotation). Results: The study of the correlations between maturity and the psychological protection mechanisms suggested that personal maturity is mostly associated with the mechanism of denial. Finally, the practical significance of the research lies in forming the empirical basis for further development of the system of psychological support and correction of women with signs of exercise addiction who are identified as psychological targets of influence. Conclusions: Finally, the practical significance of the research lies in forming the empirical basis for further development of the system of psychological support and correction of women with signs of exercise addiction who are identified as psychological targets of influence.
本课题主要研究成瘾人格的性别角色特征和保护机制。这些特征决定了适应过程，形成了适应系统，并有助于其主观舒适。本研究旨在分析运动成瘾女性不同性别类型的心理保护特征及个人成熟机制。材料和方法:为了考虑这一现象的表现，使用了以下心理诊断方法:生活方式指数(LSI)， O.S. Kocharyan, E.V. Frolova的结构性性别角色量表和V.O. Ananiev的“健康人格自动分析问卷”。除此之外，为了对主要数据成分(Varimax rotation)进行因子分析，我们还采用了不相关样本差异验证(Student’s t检验)、相关分析(Kendall’s τ系数)和因子分析方法。结果:成熟度与心理保护机制的相关研究表明，个人成熟度主要与否认机制相关。最后，本研究的现实意义在于为进一步发展作为影响心理对象的运动成瘾女性心理支持与矫正体系提供实证基础。结论:最后，本研究的现实意义在于为进一步发展作为影响心理对象的运动成瘾女性心理支持与矫正体系提供实证基础。
{"title":"Peculiarities of defense mechanisms and personal maturity in different women’s sex-role types with signs of exercise addiction","authors":"Maiia Savina, Miliena O. Antonovych, Olena Gorova, L. Shevchenko, T. Melnychuk","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117957","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The issue under consideration is the study of gender role traits and protective mechanisms of an addictive personality. These are the characteristics that determine the processes of adaptation, form the adaptive system, and contribute to its subjective comfort. The aim of this research is to analyze the features of psychological protection and personal maturity mechanisms depending on gender types of women with signs of exercise addiction. Material and methods: To consider the manifestation of this phenomenon, the following psychodiagnostic methods were used: the Life Style Index (LSI), the structural gender-role scale of O.S. Kocharyan, E.V. Frolova, and the “Auto analytical questionnaire of a healthy personality” of V.O. Ananiev. Apart from that, the method of verifying the differences of unrelated samples (Student’s t -test), correlation analysis (Kendall’s τ coefficient), and factor analysis were applied in order to factorize the main data components (Varimax rotation). Results: The study of the correlations between maturity and the psychological protection mechanisms suggested that personal maturity is mostly associated with the mechanism of denial. Finally, the practical significance of the research lies in forming the empirical basis for further development of the system of psychological support and correction of women with signs of exercise addiction who are identified as psychological targets of influence. Conclusions: Finally, the practical significance of the research lies in forming the empirical basis for further development of the system of psychological support and correction of women with signs of exercise addiction who are identified as psychological targets of influence.","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To the Editor, Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the incidence of suicidal thoughts and attempts has increased because of the disease worldwide, as reported by previous literature (Ivbijaro et al. 2021). The reason for this is multi-factorial and can be attributed to mental illness (i.e., depression, anxiety, sleep deprivation), psycho-social stressors (i.e., social isolation and loneliness, social stigma, unemployment and financial problems, fear of death, and uncertainty of future), and neurobiological factors (i.e., ischemic attacks, headache) (Ivbijaro et al. 2021). Because of this, to plan effective suicide prevention strategies for COVID-19 survivors, which is a real challenge, a comprehensive and integrated multidisciplinary approach is required, as no single approach can have an impact on a complex issue like this. In this letter, the exercise-based approach for suicide prevention is highlighted, as other approaches are beyond the scope of this context. Physical exercises not only improve physical health, but also have the potential to improve mental health during COVID-19 illness by relieving psychological stress, reducing depressive symptoms, and relieving anxiety associated with the disease (Hu et al. 2020), which possibly can reduce the incidence of suicidal ideation. Regular physical exercises were associated with better mental health and reduced suicidal attempts or self-harm in a dose-response manner. That is, the greater the exercise dose is, in terms of exercise frequency and duration but not intensity, the better is the mental health and the lower the suicidality (Grasdalsmoen et al. 2020). The therapeutic effects of physical exercises were The benefits of physical exercises for mental health in the COVID-19 era: an indirect role for suicide prevention
致编者:自2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行以来，据以往文献报道，全球范围内自杀念头和企图的发生率有所增加(Ivbijaro et al. 2021)。造成这种情况的原因是多因素的，可归因于精神疾病(即抑郁、焦虑、睡眠剥夺)、心理社会压力因素(即社会孤立和孤独、社会耻辱、失业和财务问题、对死亡的恐惧和未来的不确定性)和神经生物学因素(即缺血性发作、头痛)(Ivbijaro等人，2021)。因此，要为COVID-19幸存者制定有效的自杀预防战略，这是一项真正的挑战，需要采取全面和综合的多学科方法，因为没有任何一种方法可以对这样一个复杂的问题产生影响。在这封信中，强调了以练习为基础的自杀预防方法，因为其他方法超出了本文的范围。体育锻炼不仅可以改善身体健康，还可能通过缓解心理压力、减轻抑郁症状和缓解与疾病相关的焦虑来改善COVID-19疾病期间的心理健康(Hu et al. 2020)，这可能会减少自杀意念的发生率。有规律的体育锻炼与更好的心理健康和减少自杀企图或自残有关。即运动剂量越大，在运动频率和持续时间上，而不是强度上，心理健康越好，自杀率越低(Grasdalsmoen et al. 2020)。体育锻炼的治疗效果题为《COVID-19时代体育锻炼对心理健康的益处:对自杀预防的间接作用》
{"title":"The benefits of physical exercises for mental health in the COVID-19 era: an indirect role for suicide prevention","authors":"Ahmad Mahdi Ahmad","doi":"10.5114/nan.2022.117049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2022.117049","url":null,"abstract":"To the Editor, Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the incidence of suicidal thoughts and attempts has increased because of the disease worldwide, as reported by previous literature (Ivbijaro et al. 2021). The reason for this is multi-factorial and can be attributed to mental illness (i.e., depression, anxiety, sleep deprivation), psycho-social stressors (i.e., social isolation and loneliness, social stigma, unemployment and financial problems, fear of death, and uncertainty of future), and neurobiological factors (i.e., ischemic attacks, headache) (Ivbijaro et al. 2021). Because of this, to plan effective suicide prevention strategies for COVID-19 survivors, which is a real challenge, a comprehensive and integrated multidisciplinary approach is required, as no single approach can have an impact on a complex issue like this. In this letter, the exercise-based approach for suicide prevention is highlighted, as other approaches are beyond the scope of this context. Physical exercises not only improve physical health, but also have the potential to improve mental health during COVID-19 illness by relieving psychological stress, reducing depressive symptoms, and relieving anxiety associated with the disease (Hu et al. 2020), which possibly can reduce the incidence of suicidal ideation. Regular physical exercises were associated with better mental health and reduced suicidal attempts or self-harm in a dose-response manner. That is, the greater the exercise dose is, in terms of exercise frequency and duration but not intensity, the better is the mental health and the lower the suicidality (Grasdalsmoen et al. 2020). The therapeutic effects of physical exercises were The benefits of physical exercises for mental health in the COVID-19 era: an indirect role for suicide prevention","PeriodicalId":41766,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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