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One Small World: On Writing Independent History 一个小世界:论独立史的写作
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V25I0.6406
Sue Castrique
One Small World: the history of the Addison Road Community Centre was independently written and funded through a series of grants. While conceived as a history of place, it is also a history of the organisation that presently occupies the site, the Addison Road Community Centre (ARCCO). The Centre has had an ambivalent relationship to its past. After 60 years as an army depot, in 1976 it became a community centre. The strict discipline of the army was replaced by a very different ethos and political outlook; in fact, its antithesis. As a consequence, the Centre had an uneasy relationship to the history of the site, particularly its army past, which was underappreciated and little valued. ARCCO has recently re-engaged with its public history, but in the process it veered off into mythology. The paper explores the ANZAAC Centenary celebration at Addison Road of horses in war in 2015, and the part funding played in creating myth rather than history. It then considers the role of the Department of Urban and Regional Development in the creation of the Centre in 1975-76 and ARCCO’s attachment to its story of radical origins. KEYWORDSAddison Road Community Centre; Department of Urban and Regional Development; ANZAC Centenary; army; Marrickville; multiculturalism
《一个小世界:艾迪生路社区中心的历史》是由一系列赠款独立撰写和资助的。虽然被认为是一个地方的历史,但它也是目前占据该地的组织艾迪生路社区中心(ARCCO)的历史。该中心与其过去的关系一直存在矛盾。在作为一个陆军仓库60年后,1976年它成为了一个社区中心。军队的严格纪律被完全不同的风气和政治观所取代;事实上,它是对立面。因此,该中心与该遗址的历史,特别是其军队历史有着不稳定的关系,这些历史被低估,也没有得到多少重视。ARCCO最近重新参与了其公共历史,但在这个过程中,它转向了神话。本文探讨了2015年在艾迪生路举行的澳新军团战马百年庆典,以及资金在创造神话而非历史中所起的作用。然后,它考虑了城市和区域发展部在1975-76年创建该中心中的作用,以及ARCCO对其激进起源故事的依恋。KEYWORDSAddison路社区中心;城市和区域发展部;澳新军团百年庆典;军队马里克维尔;多元文化主义
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引用次数: 0
Popular Imagination Versus Historical Reality 大众想象与历史现实
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.5130/phrj.v25i0.6157
Mirela Cufurovic
Historical films have been subject to controversy and criticism within the discipline of history upon the rise of popular interest in new and innovative forms of historical representation. The five to seven years between the release of Gladiator (2000) and Rome (2005-2007) saw an upsurge of historical films focusing on the ‘epic’: the spectacular, monumental and immersive periods of history that exude a mix of historical reality and speculative fiction. This paper argues that it is not historical accuracy or film as historical evidence that matters, but the historical questions and debates that film raises for its audience and the historical profession regarding the past it presents and its implication on history. Such questions and debates base themselves around the extent to which filmmakers are able to interpret history through images and what kind of historical understandings it hopes to achieve. This paper analyses the complexity of public history through a comparative study of reviews on five online message boards, such as IMBD, Amazon, TV.com and Metacritic, relating to HBO’s Rome – chosen due to its unique ability of igniting historiographical debate by presenting history as an accident, thus allowing audiences to question and reinterpret the outcome of historical events. KEYWORDSHBO; Rome; Film; Historiography; Public History; Popular Imagination
随着人们对新的和创新的历史表现形式的兴趣的兴起,历史电影一直受到历史学科的争议和批评。在《角斗士》(2000)和《罗马》(2005-2007)上映之间的五到七年里,历史电影的高潮集中在“史诗”上:壮观的、不朽的、身历其境的历史时期,散发出历史现实和投机小说的混合。本文认为,重要的不是历史准确性或电影作为历史证据,而是电影为观众和历史专业提出的关于它所呈现的过去及其对历史的影响的历史问题和辩论。这些问题和争论的基础是电影人能够在多大程度上通过图像解释历史,以及它希望实现什么样的历史理解。本文通过对IMBD、亚马逊、TV.com和Metacritic等五个在线留言板上与HBO的《罗马》有关的评论进行比较研究,分析了公共历史的复杂性。选择《罗马》是因为它具有独特的能力,通过将历史呈现为一场意外,从而引发了史学上的辩论,从而让观众质疑和重新解释历史事件的结果。KEYWORDSHBO;罗马;电影;史学的;公共历史;大众的想象力
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引用次数: 0
Silent Narrative 无声叙事
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.5130/phrj.v25i0.6149
R. Bajoria
In this article, I describe my public history project seeking to transform a street in Connaught Place, New Delhi, into a militarised Srinagar marketplace. Through this phenomenological project, I aim to make Hindu, middle- class, upper-middle-caste Indians realise that the Indian presence in the Kashmir Valley is a colonial, military occupation. Through this, I want them to reconsider India’s claims of being a secular, liberal-democracy. To contextualise my intervention, I briefly represent the mainstream Indian narrative on Kashmir, both in academia and the wider public space, in the first section of this article. Thus, by highlighting the ‘silences’ in the general understanding of Kashmir, I will demonstrate my project’s contribution to Kashmir’s historiography. KEYWORDScolonialism; exhibit; phenomenology; India-Occupied Kashmir; historiography; Museum
在这篇文章中,我描述了我的公共历史项目,试图将新德里康诺特广场的一条街道改造成一个军事化的斯利那加市场。通过这个现象学项目,我的目标是让印度教、中产阶级、中上层种姓的印度人意识到,印度人在克什米尔山谷的存在是一种殖民的军事占领。通过这一点,我希望他们重新考虑印度作为世俗自由民主国家的主张。为了将我的干预置于背景中,我在本文的第一部分简要介绍了学术界和更广泛的公共空间中印度对克什米尔的主流叙事。因此,通过强调对克什米尔普遍理解中的“沉默”,我将展示我的项目对克什米尔史学的贡献。关键词殖民主义;展览现象学;印度占领的克什米尔;史学;博物馆
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引用次数: 0
East of the West: Repossessing the Past In India 西方的东方:在印度重新拥有过去
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-01-04 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V24I0.5763
Indira Chowdhury, S. Mandal
Public history, as it is practised in India, defies easy attempts at classification. This is partially because hardly anything that would be recognised as public history is identified as such by its author(s). For the term, despite its ever-increasing acceptance outside India as a discipline and a practice distinct from history, has yet to gain any currency within India. Any attempt to identify works that are self-consciously public history in the Indian context will likely not yield much fruit. Nor, for that matter, will borrowing any of the many definitions of the term from the West and trying to find works that adhere to it in India. Instead, this chapter will try to highlight the myriad forms that public engagements with the past have taken place in India. This article focuses specifically on museums, arguably the preeminent site of public engagements with the past in India. To that end, it will look at a new generation of museums that are charting new paths towards enabling a better public engagement with the past. It will also analyse a few institutional forms of public engagements with the past.
公共历史,正如在印度所实行的那样,难以轻易地进行分类。这在一定程度上是因为几乎没有任何被公认为公共历史的东西被其作者认定为公共历史。就这个术语而言,尽管它在印度以外越来越被接受为一门不同于历史的学科和实践,但在印度国内尚未获得任何货币。任何试图在印度背景下识别自觉公开历史的作品都可能不会取得多大成果。就这一点而言,也不会从西方借用这个词的许多定义中的任何一个,并试图在印度找到符合它的作品。相反,本章将试图强调印度过去发生的无数形式的公众参与。这篇文章特别关注博物馆,可以说是印度公众参与过去事务的卓越场所。为此,它将着眼于新一代博物馆,它们正在制定新的道路,以更好地让公众参与过去。它还将分析过去公众参与的一些制度形式。
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引用次数: 1
‘deep wounds… left… in hearts and minds’: South African Public History 南非公共历史
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-01-04 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V24I0.5781
J. Wells
Public history practise in South Africa holds out much promise of further things to come. It can close the gulf between history and heritage. This chapter argues that the role of the public historian should not be conflated with the dynamics of the heritage sector, but suggests how trained academics can indeed put their skills to work in a society that is passionately interested in understanding itself and how its pasts created the present. The student movement sharply raised the image of universities in crisis, requiring a whole new, relevant curriculum and rethinking the ways that universities relate to their publics. Public historians can work towards creating invented spaces for co-production of knowledge, moving beyond the traditional oral history interview. The divide between academia and communities is huge and needs to be constantly tackled, providing access to the secluded information of the professional world. I suggest that due to their privileged place in society, many historians have been unable or unwilling to engage with the recovery agenda – the massive need for affirmation of African identity, capacity and culture. A handful of dedicated public historians do not fit this mould and have been exemplary in rolling up their sleeves and boldly engaging with the messy complications of dealing with non-academic communities to produce new forms of historical knowledge, based on inclusiveness.
南非的公共历史实践为未来的发展提供了很多希望。它可以弥合历史与遗产之间的鸿沟。这一章认为,公共历史学家的角色不应该与遗产部门的动态混为一谈,但建议训练有素的学者如何在一个热衷于了解自身以及过去如何创造现在的社会中发挥他们的技能。学生运动极大地提升了处于危机中的大学的形象,要求制定全新的、相关的课程,并重新思考大学与公众的关系。公共历史学家可以致力于创造共同生产知识的发明空间,超越传统的口述历史采访。学术界和社区之间的鸿沟是巨大的,需要不断解决,为专业领域提供隐蔽的信息。我认为,由于他们在社会中的特殊地位,许多历史学家无法或不愿参与复兴议程——确认非洲身份、能力和文化的巨大需求。少数敬业的公共历史学家并不符合这种模式,他们卷起袖子,大胆地与非学术团体打交道,以包容性为基础,创造出新的历史知识形式,堪称典范。
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引用次数: 2
One Monument, One Town, Two Ideologies: The Monument to the Victory of Bolzano-Bozen 一座纪念碑,一座城镇,两种意识形态:波尔扎诺-波岑胜利纪念碑
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-01-04 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V24I0.5776
M. Angelucci, Stefano Kerschbamer
This article offers a critical reading of the first major attempt to publicly come to terms with the presence of an invasive and ideologically charged fascist monument in the border town of Bolzano-Bozen, in South Tyrol, Italy. The ‘Monument to Victory’, commissioned by Mussolini and inaugurated in 1928 to celebrate the annexation of the province after WWI, is the symbolic centre of a discourse that divides the town along an ethno-linguistic axis. To this day, this creates ongoing political tensions, fostering extreme views in both Italian and German speaking communities. To neutralise this symbolic power while preserving its supposed artistic value, a permanent exhibition inaugurated in 2014 inside the artefact tries to offer an historical explanation and contextualisation, and foster a new, inclusive and democratic discourse around the past. This article discusses this exhibition as a counter-monument, which directly challenges the ideology of the original. In interpreting the scientific aims and choices of the historians involved, and the architectural and curatorial strategies, it questions their dialogical underpinning discourse. The results lay bare an agenda to establish the site as a new monologic myth of origin for the democratic town of the future; one that aims at producing a ‘democratic and reconciled’ citizen through a prescriptive perlocutionary experience.
这篇文章对意大利南蒂罗尔州边境小镇博尔扎诺·博岑首次公开接受一座具有侵略性和意识形态色彩的法西斯纪念碑的重大尝试进行了批判性解读。“胜利纪念碑”由墨索里尼委托建造,于1928年落成,以庆祝第一次世界大战后该省被吞并。它是一种话语的象征性中心,这种话语沿着民族语言轴线将该镇划分开来。时至今日,这造成了持续的政治紧张局势,在意大利语和德语社区助长了极端观点。为了中和这种象征性的力量,同时保留其所谓的艺术价值,2014年在这件艺术品内举办的一个永久性展览试图提供历史解释和背景,并围绕过去培养一种新的、包容和民主的话语。本文将这个展览作为一个反纪念碑来讨论,它直接挑战了原作的意识形态。在解释相关历史学家的科学目标和选择,以及建筑和策展策略时,它质疑了他们的对话基础话语。结果揭示了一个议程,即将该网站建立为未来民主之城的一个新的单一逻辑起源神话;旨在通过一种规定性的语言后体验来培养一个“民主和和解”的公民。
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引用次数: 5
Causing a Ruckus: Complicity and Performance in Stories of Port Moody 引起骚动:穆迪港故事中的同谋与表现
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-01-04 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V24I0.5442
M. Hayes
This article is about the suicide of the chief of police of a small Canadian town, which - according to some - did not actually happen. While employed as a researcher and writer with a museum in Port Moody, British Columbia, the author heard this story as one of many told by the ‘old-timers’ who assisted with the writing of a history book. The controversy over the potential suicide provided the means by which this article reflects on issues of ethics, advocacy, and performance when doing public history. The main request of the old-timers was to ‘put the good stories in’ when writing the book. This expectation caused tension between the author and the museum, reflecting the divide between doing ‘history’ and ‘heritage’. This article draws on Anthropological theories of ‘complicity’ and performance in storytelling to make sense of the author’s role within the context of a museum working to record the stories of long-time residents. The stories of the old-timers were filtered through the lens of early 20 th century ideas about gender, race, and class, and affected by a lingering frontier mentality. As such, they wished to see their town’s history told in a very specific way. The story of the police chief’s suicide betrayed this intent, allowing for an analysis of how these expectations can affect the way in which public history is done.
这篇文章是关于加拿大一个小镇的警察局长自杀的,根据一些人的说法,这并没有真正发生。在不列颠哥伦比亚省穆迪港的一家博物馆担任研究员和作家时,作者听到了这个故事,这是协助撰写历史书的“老前辈”讲述的许多故事之一。关于潜在自杀的争论提供了本文在研究公共历史时反思伦理、倡导和表现问题的手段。老前辈们的主要要求是在写书的时候“把好故事放进去”。这种期望引起了作者和博物馆之间的紧张关系,反映了“历史”和“遗产”之间的分歧。本文利用人类学的“共谋”理论和讲故事的表现来理解作者在一个致力于记录长期居民故事的博物馆背景下所扮演的角色。这些老前辈们的故事是通过20世纪早期关于性别、种族和阶级的观念的镜头过滤出来的,并受到挥之不去的边疆心态的影响。因此,他们希望以一种非常具体的方式讲述他们城镇的历史。警察局长自杀的故事背叛了这种意图,让我们可以分析这些期望是如何影响公共历史研究的方式的。
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引用次数: 0
‘Real Photos’: Transforming Tindale and the Postcolonial Archive “真实照片”:改变廷代尔和后殖民档案
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2016-12-30 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V23I0.5329
Jane Lydon
When the Transforming Tindale exhibition opened at the State Library of Queensland in September 2012, there was much excitement and goodwill. This landmark exhibition was curated by Michael Aird and featured Ah Kee’s drawings and enlarged prints of anthropologist Norman Tindale’s photographs of 1938-1940, as well as extensive archival information and stories from the subjects themselves and their relatives. The transformations of the exhibition’s title refer to the way Tindale’s ‘data’ was given both new physical form, as well as engendering and renewing social meanings. Scholars such as Elizabeth Edwards have argued that we should explore the materiality of images and the diverse forms they assume, attending to the ways their form and vitality shape us as much as we imbue them with meaning. Digitisation constitutes a major transformation of photographs’ historical accumulation of materiality. It also enables the return of historical archives from European museums to Indigenous relatives in Australia. In this article I explore the relations and narratives that emerge from this process, focusing on their Indigenous significance, and using the example of an enigmatic cardboard panel held by the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford on which are mounted thirteen photographs from South Australia. For Indigenous descendants of the people recorded in these photographs, their physical form is less important than the way they embody missing relatives, lost through invasion and assimilation. This process is slow and often awkward, but the rewards are great, in challenging foundational national histories, re-connecting family networks, and telling the truth of Indigenous experience.
2012年9月,当《廷代尔的转变》展览在昆士兰州立图书馆开幕时,现场充满了兴奋和善意。这个具有里程碑意义的展览由Michael Aird策划,展出了阿记的绘画和放大的人类学家Norman Tindale 1938-1940年的照片,以及大量的档案信息和主题本身及其亲属的故事。展览标题的转变是指廷代尔的“数据”被赋予新的物理形式,以及产生和更新社会意义的方式。伊丽莎白·爱德华兹(Elizabeth Edwards)等学者认为,我们应该探索图像的物质性和它们所呈现的各种形式,关注它们的形式和活力如何塑造我们,就像我们赋予它们意义一样。数字化构成了照片的物质性历史积累的重大转变。它还使欧洲博物馆的历史档案能够归还给澳大利亚的土著亲属。在这篇文章中,我探讨了这一过程中出现的关系和叙述,重点关注它们的土著意义,并以牛津皮特河博物馆收藏的一个神秘的纸板为例,上面挂着十三张来自南澳大利亚的照片。对于这些照片中记录的土著居民的后代来说,他们的身体形态并不重要,重要的是他们体现了因入侵和同化而失去的亲人的方式。这个过程是缓慢的,往往是尴尬的,但回报是巨大的,在挑战国家的基础历史,重新连接家庭网络,并讲述土著经验的真相。
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引用次数: 1
Up Close and Personal: Feeling the Past at Urban Archaeological Sites 近距离和个人:在城市考古遗址感受过去
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2016-12-30 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V23I0.5332
Tracy Ireland
In this article I focus on the emotional, sensory and aesthetic affordances of urban archaeological remains conserved in situ and explore what these ruins ‘do’ in the context of the layered urban fabric of the city. I am concerned with a particular category of archaeological remains: those that illustrate the colonial history of settler nations, exploring examples in Sydney and Montreal. Using Sara Ahmed’s concept of ‘affective economies’ – where emotions work to stick things together and align individuals with communities – I tease out some of the distinctive aspects of this particular form of social/emotional/material entanglement, that appears to create stable objects of memory and identity from a much more contingent and complex matrix of politics, social structures, and the more-than-human materiality of the city. I argue that an understanding of the affective qualities of ruins and archaeological traces, and of how people feel heritage and the past through aesthetic and sensuous experiences of materiality, authenticity, locality and identity, bring us closer to understanding how heritage works.
在这篇文章中,我将重点关注保存在原地的城市考古遗迹的情感、感官和美学启示,并探索这些遗址在城市分层城市结构的背景下“做”什么。我关注的是一类特殊的考古遗迹:那些说明移民国家殖民历史的遗迹,在悉尼和蒙特利尔探索例子。利用萨拉·艾哈迈德的“情感经济”概念——情感将事物粘合在一起,使个人与社区保持一致——我梳理出这种特殊形式的社会/情感/物质纠缠的一些独特方面,它似乎从政治、社会结构和城市中超越人类的物质性的更偶然和复杂的矩阵中创造出稳定的记忆和身份对象。我认为,对废墟和考古痕迹的情感品质的理解,以及人们如何通过物质性、真实性、地方性和身份的审美和感官体验来感受遗产和过去的理解,使我们更接近于理解遗产是如何运作的。
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引用次数: 3
Experiencing Place: An Auto-Ethnography on Digging and Belonging 体验场所:挖掘与归属的自动民族志
Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2016-12-30 DOI: 10.5130/PHRJ.V23I0.5327
Steve Brown
This article is concerned with personal heritage and the role of material things in the construction of place-attachment. My interest lies in interrogating my own sense of place-attachment (or belonging) to my home. I argue that personal experience can provide comparative information for investigating other peoples’ experiences of their ‘special places’. That is, by critically reflecting on my own connectivity to place I aim to gain a base-level of data that informs my understandings of other peoples’ experiences of place; that is, the social values of heritage places and/or archaeological sites. I argue that self-awareness and reflexivity are important tools in the work of archaeologists who seek to recognise and respect personal and communal place-attachments.
本文关注的是个人传承和物质在地方依恋建构中的作用。我的兴趣在于质疑我自己对家的地方依恋感(或归属感)。我认为,个人经历可以为调查其他人在“特殊地方”的经历提供比较信息。也就是说,通过批判性地反思我自己与地点的联系,我的目标是获得一个基本水平的数据,这些数据可以帮助我理解其他人对地点的体验;也就是说,遗产和/或考古遗址的社会价值。我认为,自我意识和反身性是考古学家工作中的重要工具,他们试图认识和尊重个人和公共的地方依恋。
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引用次数: 5
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Public History Review
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