If the archival mode has been important over the last thirty years, it will only continue to become more important in the next thirty years. In the fifteen years since Lev Manovich wrote The Language of New Media, in which he identified the database with its operations of searching navigating and viewing as the new-media correlate to the novel and cinema with their operations of narrative storytelling, databases have only increased in scale, complexity and ubiquity — at an exponential rate, as is the case with all technologies. Archives are being uncovered or created at an unprecedented rate, digitized at an unprecedented rate and made searchable at an unprecedented rate. New ways of interrogating the archive, new ways of searching metadata and new ways of presenting iterations from the archive, such as more complex data visualizations, are being developed. At the same time photographs are manifesting themselves in a wider range of material substances — etched in stone or glass, printed on cloth or metal, projected on walls and buildings, and sliding along LED arrays or screens. But the story isn’t all about the seductions of new media. The more artists and historians work in this area, the more they realize that there are still troves and troves of objects and images, laid down in all their recalcitrant materiality by those who came before, just waiting to be rediscovered and reinvented.
如果说档案模式在过去的三十年里一直很重要，那么在未来的三十年里，它只会变得更加重要。自从列夫·马诺维奇(Lev Manovich)撰写《新媒体的语言》(the Language of New Media)以来的15年里，他将数据库与搜索、导航和观看的操作联系起来，就像新媒体与小说和电影的叙事叙事操作联系起来一样，数据库的规模、复杂性和普遍性都在以指数级的速度增长，就像所有技术的情况一样。档案正在以前所未有的速度被发现或创造，以前所未有的速度被数字化，并以前所未有的速度被搜索。正在开发查询存档的新方法、搜索元数据的新方法以及显示存档中迭代的新方法，例如更复杂的数据可视化。与此同时，照片在更广泛的物质物质中表现出来——蚀刻在石头或玻璃上，印刷在布料或金属上，投影在墙壁和建筑物上，沿着LED阵列或屏幕滑动。但这个故事并不全是关于新媒体的诱惑。在这一领域工作的艺术家和历史学家越多，他们就越意识到，仍然有大量的物品和图像，这些物品和图像都是前人遗留下来的，它们具有顽强的物质性，只是等待着被重新发现和重新创造。
{"title":"Art from Archives: The Archival Trend in Contemporary Art and Culture","authors":"M. Jolly","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3823","url":null,"abstract":"If the archival mode has been important over the last thirty years, it will only continue to become more important in the next thirty years. In the fifteen years since Lev Manovich wrote The Language of New Media, in which he identified the database with its operations of searching navigating and viewing as the new-media correlate to the novel and cinema with their operations of narrative storytelling, databases have only increased in scale, complexity and ubiquity — at an exponential rate, as is the case with all technologies. Archives are being uncovered or created at an unprecedented rate, digitized at an unprecedented rate and made searchable at an unprecedented rate. New ways of interrogating the archive, new ways of searching metadata and new ways of presenting iterations from the archive, such as more complex data visualizations, are being developed. At the same time photographs are manifesting themselves in a wider range of material substances — etched in stone or glass, printed on cloth or metal, projected on walls and buildings, and sliding along LED arrays or screens. But the story isn’t all about the seductions of new media. The more artists and historians work in this area, the more they realize that there are still troves and troves of objects and images, laid down in all their recalcitrant materiality by those who came before, just waiting to be rediscovered and reinvented.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a modern, designed, self-consciously experimental national capital, Canberra poses distinct questions, and problems, for public history. Famously derided as lacking community – ‘a city without a soul’; ‘a good sheep station spoiled’ – it has also been shaped by a succession of planning practices, phases of immigration, and service provision, which have fostered their own models and experiences of community. On the one hand, as Ruth Atkins observed in 1978, the concept and function of ‘the public’ in Canberra has been defined essentially by those of ‘the public servant’; on the other, a population characterised by relatively high levels of education and affluence has proved remarkably innovative in working with and around the structures of centralised government with which they are so often closely associated. This paper explores these inter-relationships, assessing the ways in which the history of Canberra – in its official, community and experiential dimensions – reflects processes of actively creating such narratives and identities rather than seeing them in opposition to each other.
{"title":"Never Lost for Words: Canberra’s Archives","authors":"Nicholas Brown","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3928","url":null,"abstract":"As a modern, designed, self-consciously experimental national capital, Canberra poses distinct questions, and problems, for public history. Famously derided as lacking community – ‘a city without a soul’; ‘a good sheep station spoiled’ – it has also been shaped by a succession of planning practices, phases of immigration, and service provision, which have fostered their own models and experiences of community. On the one hand, as Ruth Atkins observed in 1978, the concept and function of ‘the public’ in Canberra has been defined essentially by those of ‘the public servant’; on the other, a population characterised by relatively high levels of education and affluence has proved remarkably innovative in working with and around the structures of centralised government with which they are so often closely associated. This paper explores these inter-relationships, assessing the ways in which the history of Canberra – in its official, community and experiential dimensions – reflects processes of actively creating such narratives and identities rather than seeing them in opposition to each other.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article, based on my experience of teaching a graduate seminar in public history at Chongqing University, explores the possibilities of public history in China. It discusses how a reflective and collaborative curriculum works, and its implication for establishing Public History programs in the Chinese context. The article also argues that, despite a myriad of challenges, public history pushes the methodological boundary of urban preservation in China.
{"title":"Public History in China: Is it Possible?","authors":"Na Li","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4135","url":null,"abstract":"This article, based on my experience of teaching a graduate seminar in public history at Chongqing University, explores the possibilities of public history in China. It discusses how a reflective and collaborative curriculum works, and its implication for establishing Public History programs in the Chinese context. The article also argues that, despite a myriad of challenges, public history pushes the methodological boundary of urban preservation in China.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70741219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Public History Reader edited by Hilda Kean and Paul Martin","authors":"Meg Foster","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4297","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70741108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is an introductory piece to a special section based on a 2013 cross-disciplinary conference on the lived experience of Canberra.
本文是2013年关于堪培拉生活经验的跨学科会议的一个特别部分的介绍。
{"title":"Introduction: Archives, Memory and Place from the Canberra Perspective","authors":"M. Hutchison, J. Sassoon","doi":"10.5130/phrj.v21i0.4298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v21i0.4298","url":null,"abstract":"This is an introductory piece to a special section based on a 2013 cross-disciplinary conference on the lived experience of Canberra.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/phrj.v21i0.4298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70741238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the complex and powerful relationship between the internet and public history. It explores how public history is being experienced and practiced in a digital world where ‘you’ – both public historians and laypeople – are made powerful through using the world wide web. Web 2.0 is a dynamic terrain that provides both opportunities and challenges to the creation of history. While it may facilitate more open, democratic history making, the internet simultaneously raises questions about gatekeeping, authority and who has the right to speak for the past. Though the web provides new avenues for distributing historical information, how these are used and by whom remain pressing questions.
{"title":"Online and Plugged In?: Public History and Historians in the Digital Age","authors":"Meg Foster","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4295","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the complex and powerful relationship between the internet and public history. It explores how public history is being experienced and practiced in a digital world where ‘you’ – both public historians and laypeople – are made powerful through using the world wide web. Web 2.0 is a dynamic terrain that provides both opportunities and challenges to the creation of history. While it may facilitate more open, democratic history making, the internet simultaneously raises questions about gatekeeping, authority and who has the right to speak for the past. Though the web provides new avenues for distributing historical information, how these are used and by whom remain pressing questions.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.4295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70741355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linking archives, memory and landscape, this article considers a series of questions, and attempts to address some of them: How do archivists and scholars who concern themselves with archives think about place and its relationship to records? Why and how is place archival? How are those archival relationships expressed and what do they signify for the people inhabiting that space? What are the memory implications of the relationship between place, archives and community and how are traditional archives both the products of place as well as influencers themselves upon the landscape?
{"title":"Locating Archives within the Landscape: Records, Memory and Place","authors":"J. Bastian","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3822","url":null,"abstract":"Linking archives, memory and landscape, this article considers a series of questions, and attempts to address some of them: How do archivists and scholars who concern themselves with archives think about place and its relationship to records? Why and how is place archival? How are those archival relationships expressed and what do they signify for the people inhabiting that space? What are the memory implications of the relationship between place, archives and community and how are traditional archives both the products of place as well as influencers themselves upon the landscape?","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V21I0.3822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women’s and children’s welfare and institutionalisation are a neglected area of Australian public history, and the historic sites which operated as carceral venues within that field today stand largely forgotten, in many cases derelict. The prime example of such sites is the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct (PFFP). In practice, Australian women’s and children’s welfare was strongly focused on a punitive approach, resulting in many thousands of vulnerable people suffering significant harm at the hands of their ‘carers’. These victims comprise the group known as the ‘Forgotten Australians’. The article discusses the nature of the relationship between the historic sites and the narratives of individuals who were victims of the system, whether actually incarcerated or merely threatened with such. As a form of case study, the author’s own story of State wardship and her encounters with the welfare system is employed to illustrate the connections between the ‘generic’ stories embodied in the sites, the policies underlying the system, and the nature of institutionalisation. It is argued that immersion in the system can induce a form of institutionalisation in individuals even when they are not actually incarcerated. The effective omission of women’s and children’s welfare and the Forgotten Australians from the forthcoming national Australian Curriculum in History is discussed, with a focus on the potential of the PFFP to be developed as a public history venue emphasizing its educational possibilities as an excursion destination, and a source of public information on the field from convict settlement to the present day.
{"title":"Beyond the Walls: Sites of Trauma and Suffering, Forgotten Australians and Institutionalisation via Punitive ‘Welfare’","authors":"Jacqueline Z. Wilson","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3748","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s and children’s welfare and institutionalisation are a neglected area of Australian public history, and the historic sites which operated as carceral venues within that field today stand largely forgotten, in many cases derelict. The prime example of such sites is the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct (PFFP). In practice, Australian women’s and children’s welfare was strongly focused on a punitive approach, resulting in many thousands of vulnerable people suffering significant harm at the hands of their ‘carers’. These victims comprise the group known as the ‘Forgotten Australians’. The article discusses the nature of the relationship between the historic sites and the narratives of individuals who were victims of the system, whether actually incarcerated or merely threatened with such. As a form of case study, the author’s own story of State wardship and her encounters with the welfare system is employed to illustrate the connections between the ‘generic’ stories embodied in the sites, the policies underlying the system, and the nature of institutionalisation. It is argued that immersion in the system can induce a form of institutionalisation in individuals even when they are not actually incarcerated. The effective omission of women’s and children’s welfare and the Forgotten Australians from the forthcoming national Australian Curriculum in History is discussed, with a focus on the potential of the PFFP to be developed as a public history venue emphasizing its educational possibilities as an excursion destination, and a source of public information on the field from convict settlement to the present day.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anastasia’s Journeys was a temporary exhibition in the Australian History Museum, Macquarie University, Australia. Developed from the oral history of a post-World War Two Russian immigrant who survived Stalin’s policies of forced collectivisation and engineered famine, the display communicated primarily through audio tracks, supported by text panels and objects. This article articulates the creative tensions between theory and practice of public history which were encountered when planning the target audience, content, and design of the exhibition. It describes the process by which the oral history was placed at the centre of the presentation while objects were used both to illustrate changing social situations and introduce an opposing interpretation. The attributes of the oral history which made it suitable for an audio presentation are then discussed.
{"title":"Anastasia's Journeys: Two Voices in a Limited Space","authors":"N. Pullan","doi":"10.5130/phrj.v20i0.2719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v20i0.2719","url":null,"abstract":"Anastasia’s Journeys was a temporary exhibition in the Australian History Museum, Macquarie University, Australia. Developed from the oral history of a post-World War Two Russian immigrant who survived Stalin’s policies of forced collectivisation and engineered famine, the display communicated primarily through audio tracks, supported by text panels and objects. This article articulates the creative tensions between theory and practice of public history which were encountered when planning the target audience, content, and design of the exhibition. It describes the process by which the oral history was placed at the centre of the presentation while objects were used both to illustrate changing social situations and introduce an opposing interpretation. The attributes of the oral history which made it suitable for an audio presentation are then discussed.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/phrj.v20i0.2719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tom Stannage made a significant contribution to Australian local history and regularly returned to it throughout his career, frequently speaking and writing about the local past and collaborating with the community organisations that promoted it. In the context of Stannage's perspectives, the work of some other historians and the author's experiences, this article briefly reflects on the state of local history in Australia and the role of local historical societies. The focus is on New South Wales and the Northern Territory, the parts of Australia that the author knows best, but some attention is also given to the rest of the country. The article considers why the work of local historians and historical societies matters in understanding the bigger picture of Australian history. The various attempts to tell the stories of individual communities quite frequently by and for local residents themselves encourage speculation on their contributions to the broader process of historical inquiry. Local history is, as Stannnage strongly believed it ought to be, usually a democratic phenomenon and one that allows a diverse range of approaches. The historical societies that survive and develop do so because they are solidly based in their communities. Perhaps even more crucial, the data of the past that local historical societies have often unearthed and recorded help allow Australians to shape what Stannage so aptly described as a 'history for their own purposes of identity'.
{"title":"'for their own purposes of identity': Tom Stannage and Australian Local History","authors":"D. Carment","doi":"10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3478","url":null,"abstract":"Tom Stannage made a significant contribution to Australian local history and regularly returned to it throughout his career, frequently speaking and writing about the local past and collaborating with the community organisations that promoted it. In the context of Stannage's perspectives, the work of some other historians and the author's experiences, this article briefly reflects on the state of local history in Australia and the role of local historical societies. The focus is on New South Wales and the Northern Territory, the parts of Australia that the author knows best, but some attention is also given to the rest of the country. The article considers why the work of local historians and historical societies matters in understanding the bigger picture of Australian history. The various attempts to tell the stories of individual communities quite frequently by and for local residents themselves encourage speculation on their contributions to the broader process of historical inquiry. Local history is, as Stannnage strongly believed it ought to be, usually a democratic phenomenon and one that allows a diverse range of approaches. The historical societies that survive and develop do so because they are solidly based in their communities. Perhaps even more crucial, the data of the past that local historical societies have often unearthed and recorded help allow Australians to shape what Stannage so aptly described as a 'history for their own purposes of identity'.","PeriodicalId":41934,"journal":{"name":"Public History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PHRJ.V20I0.3478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70740897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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