Abstract:The primary aims of this article are to describe and make clear the philosophically related but distinct notions of selfishness and self-centeredness and show how the latter in particular relates to other characteristically East Asian ethical concerns about the self, virtue, spontaneity, and happiness. We work toward these aims by relying upon examples drawn from the neo-Confucian tradition and specifically from their discussion of self-centered desires (siyu 私欲). As will become clear, the neo-Confucian view, like other South and East Asian conceptions of self-centeredness, has both a metaphysical and an ethical component. The former part of this multi-faceted conception makes the package less plausible to many modern people who may still find the general idea and corresponding approach appealing and even inspirational. We shall, therefore, devote the latter sections of this chapter to describing modern variations on the neo-Confucian conception of self-centeredness that can stand apart and independent of their original metaphysical foundation, show how these offer plausible and powerful perspectives on a range of moral challenges, and present appealing ideals that can ground distinctive forms of life.
{"title":"Selfishness and Self-centeredness","authors":"P. Ivanhoe","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The primary aims of this article are to describe and make clear the philosophically related but distinct notions of selfishness and self-centeredness and show how the latter in particular relates to other characteristically East Asian ethical concerns about the self, virtue, spontaneity, and happiness. We work toward these aims by relying upon examples drawn from the neo-Confucian tradition and specifically from their discussion of self-centered desires (siyu 私欲). As will become clear, the neo-Confucian view, like other South and East Asian conceptions of self-centeredness, has both a metaphysical and an ethical component. The former part of this multi-faceted conception makes the package less plausible to many modern people who may still find the general idea and corresponding approach appealing and even inspirational. We shall, therefore, devote the latter sections of this chapter to describing modern variations on the neo-Confucian conception of self-centeredness that can stand apart and independent of their original metaphysical foundation, show how these offer plausible and powerful perspectives on a range of moral challenges, and present appealing ideals that can ground distinctive forms of life.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"31 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66448290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Yun Ch'iho (1864–1945)'s voluminous personal letters and diaries have placed him at the center of a diverse array of historical studies on modern Korean history. Yun's diaries can be especially helpful in revealing important aspects of a Christian publishing company called Ch'angmunsa, which began operations in January 1923. Yun's diary entries yield insights into not only the complexities of the colonial publishing market, but also the entangled history of Korean Christianity during the cultural rule period of the 1920s. The establishment of Ch'angmunsa was part of a broader movement among Korean Christians to achieve more cultural autonomy from the Western missionaries. Korean Christian leaders maintained close relations with the missionaries who spread Christianity in Korea, but they also sought to establish their own basis for Christian cultural production. Through a close reading of Yun's diary, we can gain a better understanding of the challenges of Christian publishing, the complexities of the Christian Nationalist movement, and the tensions between the missionaries and the Korean Christian leadership in colonial Korea.
{"title":"The Trouble with Christian Publishing: Yun Ch'iho (1865–1945) and the Complexities of Cultural Nationalism in Colonial Korea","authors":"Michael Kim","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Yun Ch'iho (1864–1945)'s voluminous personal letters and diaries have placed him at the center of a diverse array of historical studies on modern Korean history. Yun's diaries can be especially helpful in revealing important aspects of a Christian publishing company called Ch'angmunsa, which began operations in January 1923. Yun's diary entries yield insights into not only the complexities of the colonial publishing market, but also the entangled history of Korean Christianity during the cultural rule period of the 1920s. The establishment of Ch'angmunsa was part of a broader movement among Korean Christians to achieve more cultural autonomy from the Western missionaries. Korean Christian leaders maintained close relations with the missionaries who spread Christianity in Korea, but they also sought to establish their own basis for Christian cultural production. Through a close reading of Yun's diary, we can gain a better understanding of the challenges of Christian publishing, the complexities of the Christian Nationalist movement, and the tensions between the missionaries and the Korean Christian leadership in colonial Korea.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"139 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The purpose of the paper is to examine how relatives of deceased massacre victims have been memorialized and ritualized by paternal family members who experienced the Jeju 4.3 Incident. In particular, the paper elucidates how bereaved families scattered throughout Jeju and Osaka documented and pacified the deceased relatives within a ritual space. In doing so, the paper focuses on experiential knowledge and practices within the private sphere, which have been mediated by political and social circumstances. More specifically, the paper analyzes the significance of the removal or alteration of information within documents, such as census records, grave inscriptions, and declaration of victimhood reports. This allows for the examination of the production and operational mechanisms of each respective recording medium. The study also introduces examples of cross-national and cross-generational practices of posthumous rituals and ancestral rites. Through this, it will focus on the rehabilitation of close relatives who have floated in between and within public and private spheres. In conclusion, this paper argues that the memorialization and ritualization of tragic death and violent experiences functions as a coping strategy by bereaved families to survive within an oppressive political system.
{"title":"Trans-Border Rituals for the Dead: Experiential Knowledge of Paternal Relatives after the Jeju 4.3 Incident","authors":"Sungman Koh, Brendan J. Wright","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The purpose of the paper is to examine how relatives of deceased massacre victims have been memorialized and ritualized by paternal family members who experienced the Jeju 4.3 Incident. In particular, the paper elucidates how bereaved families scattered throughout Jeju and Osaka documented and pacified the deceased relatives within a ritual space. In doing so, the paper focuses on experiential knowledge and practices within the private sphere, which have been mediated by political and social circumstances. More specifically, the paper analyzes the significance of the removal or alteration of information within documents, such as census records, grave inscriptions, and declaration of victimhood reports. This allows for the examination of the production and operational mechanisms of each respective recording medium. The study also introduces examples of cross-national and cross-generational practices of posthumous rituals and ancestral rites. Through this, it will focus on the rehabilitation of close relatives who have floated in between and within public and private spheres. In conclusion, this paper argues that the memorialization and ritualization of tragic death and violent experiences functions as a coping strategy by bereaved families to survive within an oppressive political system.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"103 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49366387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The Korean War was a formative event in the making not only of Korea's contemporary political geography, but also of its religious landscape. This is the case with shamanism as well as other more institutionalized religions. Focusing on the originally northern-Korean Hwanghae shamanism tradition now based in Incheon, this paper examines how rituals of this tradition engage today with legacies of the 1950–1953 war. In Incheon, an important episode of this war was the amphibious landing in September 1950 led by Douglas MacArthur; a notable change in Incheon's Hwanghae shamanism in the postwar era has been the introduction of the persona of MacArthur and other emblems of American power to its ritual world. This article asks how foreign these apparently foreign symbolic entities are and whether they can be seen as a manifestation of Hwanghae shamanism's authentic, traditional ritual order confronting a new historical and physical environment.
{"title":"American Power in Korean Shamanism","authors":"Heonik Kwon, J. Park","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Korean War was a formative event in the making not only of Korea's contemporary political geography, but also of its religious landscape. This is the case with shamanism as well as other more institutionalized religions. Focusing on the originally northern-Korean Hwanghae shamanism tradition now based in Incheon, this paper examines how rituals of this tradition engage today with legacies of the 1950–1953 war. In Incheon, an important episode of this war was the amphibious landing in September 1950 led by Douglas MacArthur; a notable change in Incheon's Hwanghae shamanism in the postwar era has been the introduction of the persona of MacArthur and other emblems of American power to its ritual world. This article asks how foreign these apparently foreign symbolic entities are and whether they can be seen as a manifestation of Hwanghae shamanism's authentic, traditional ritual order confronting a new historical and physical environment.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"43 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43405055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This paper seeks to understand Korean national activist Thomas An Chunggŭn's (1879–1910) thoughts on peace and war from a religious point of view. Regarding Itō Hirobumi (1841–1909), the first Japanese resident-general of Korea, as evil, Thomas An resorted to armed struggle and assassinated Itō at the railroad station in Harbin, Manchuria on October 26, 1909 in the name of Korean independence and peace in the East. An's faith in religion served as a driving force in his engagement in national movements, both non-violent and violent, to make peace and restore national sovereignty. By comparing Japanese Christian pacifist Uchimura Kanzō (1861–1930), who rejected any kind of war, with An, this paper examines the similarities and differences between An's pacifism, which was developed in the context of a colonized Korea, and Uchimura's, which was formed within that of imperial Japan. In so doing, it explores whether Thomas An can be categorized as a Christian pacifist from the perspective of Christian ethics.
{"title":"A Christian Pacifist: An Chunggŭn's Christian Ethics and Armed Struggle","authors":"Ji-eun Han","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper seeks to understand Korean national activist Thomas An Chunggŭn's (1879–1910) thoughts on peace and war from a religious point of view. Regarding Itō Hirobumi (1841–1909), the first Japanese resident-general of Korea, as evil, Thomas An resorted to armed struggle and assassinated Itō at the railroad station in Harbin, Manchuria on October 26, 1909 in the name of Korean independence and peace in the East. An's faith in religion served as a driving force in his engagement in national movements, both non-violent and violent, to make peace and restore national sovereignty. By comparing Japanese Christian pacifist Uchimura Kanzō (1861–1930), who rejected any kind of war, with An, this paper examines the similarities and differences between An's pacifism, which was developed in the context of a colonized Korea, and Uchimura's, which was formed within that of imperial Japan. In so doing, it explores whether Thomas An can be categorized as a Christian pacifist from the perspective of Christian ethics.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"131 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47052019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Gendered Politics of the Korean Protestant Right: Hegemonic Masculinity by Nami Kim (review)","authors":"Haewon Yang","doi":"10.1353/jkr.2018.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jkr.2018.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"197 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jkr.2018.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46802922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In April 1948, what began as an uprising on Jeju Island against US military occupation turned into a full-scale massacre by government suppression forces that resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of Jeju residents. For many decades, under the anticommunist and authoritarian South Korean government, the truth of what became known as the Jeju 4.3 Incident was not investigated and the victims went unrecognized. With democratization, a remarkable transformation took place as a government-sponsored commission was established to establish the truth about the massacre and to recognize the victims. In this process, the civilians of Jeju played both a major and magnanimous role that sought to determine the truth and commemorate the victims but not to seek retribution. As a result, Jeju's identity has undergone a dramatic change as it has come to be known as a place synonymous with forgiveness, peace, human rights, and reconciliation. The people of Jeju are now forging a remarkable path towards truth, reconciliation, and coexistence that may be referred to as the "'Jeju model." This paper firmly argues that this Jeju model should not be limited to Jeju but be extended to South Korea, the whole Korean Peninsula, East Asia, and even beyond as a way of healing past trauma and wrongdoing.
{"title":"Towards a Universal Model of Reconciliation: The Case of the Jeju 4.3 Incident","authors":"Myung-lim Park","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In April 1948, what began as an uprising on Jeju Island against US military occupation turned into a full-scale massacre by government suppression forces that resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of Jeju residents. For many decades, under the anticommunist and authoritarian South Korean government, the truth of what became known as the Jeju 4.3 Incident was not investigated and the victims went unrecognized. With democratization, a remarkable transformation took place as a government-sponsored commission was established to establish the truth about the massacre and to recognize the victims. In this process, the civilians of Jeju played both a major and magnanimous role that sought to determine the truth and commemorate the victims but not to seek retribution. As a result, Jeju's identity has undergone a dramatic change as it has come to be known as a place synonymous with forgiveness, peace, human rights, and reconciliation. The people of Jeju are now forging a remarkable path towards truth, reconciliation, and coexistence that may be referred to as the \"'Jeju model.\" This paper firmly argues that this Jeju model should not be limited to Jeju but be extended to South Korea, the whole Korean Peninsula, East Asia, and even beyond as a way of healing past trauma and wrongdoing.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"105 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:During the Nixon-Park era, Campus Cruade for Christ, an evangelical non-profit, hosted Explo '72 and '74, two massive revivals, or "explosions" of the Holy Spirit, that transnationally allied non-state actors from Cold War South Korea and the US Bible Belt. At Explo '72 and '74, Joon Gon Kim (1925–2009) and Bill Bright (1921–2003), the leaders of the Korean and US branches of Campus Crusade, forged an alliance on the basis of what I call a transpacific politics of soul saving—an alliance built on the conviction that individual conversions had the power to change society and win the global Cold War against communism. Kim and Bright's alliance was marked by tension and rivalry, underscoring the uneven US-South Korean patron-client relations. Yet their alliance, based on a transpacific politics of soul saving, accommodated a measure of bidirectional influence from Cold War South Korea to the US Bible Belt because the telos of Bright and Kim's alliance was ultimately conversions and conservatism. The following transpacific historical reconstruction of Explo '72 and '74 reveals that not only the activities of the state, but also that of non-state actors, including evangelists, were a key force for conservatizing politics in the Nixon-Park era of the global Cold War, foreshadowing the rise of the Protestant/Christian Right in both nations.
{"title":"Campus Crusade \"Explosions\": Conversions and Conservatism from the US Bible Belt to Cold War South Korea, 1972–1974","authors":"Helen Kim","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:During the Nixon-Park era, Campus Cruade for Christ, an evangelical non-profit, hosted Explo '72 and '74, two massive revivals, or \"explosions\" of the Holy Spirit, that transnationally allied non-state actors from Cold War South Korea and the US Bible Belt. At Explo '72 and '74, Joon Gon Kim (1925–2009) and Bill Bright (1921–2003), the leaders of the Korean and US branches of Campus Crusade, forged an alliance on the basis of what I call a transpacific politics of soul saving—an alliance built on the conviction that individual conversions had the power to change society and win the global Cold War against communism. Kim and Bright's alliance was marked by tension and rivalry, underscoring the uneven US-South Korean patron-client relations. Yet their alliance, based on a transpacific politics of soul saving, accommodated a measure of bidirectional influence from Cold War South Korea to the US Bible Belt because the telos of Bright and Kim's alliance was ultimately conversions and conservatism. The following transpacific historical reconstruction of Explo '72 and '74 reveals that not only the activities of the state, but also that of non-state actors, including evangelists, were a key force for conservatizing politics in the Nixon-Park era of the global Cold War, foreshadowing the rise of the Protestant/Christian Right in both nations.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"11 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Christianity and Imperialism in Modern Japan: Empire for God by Emily Anderson (review)","authors":"D. Baker","doi":"10.1353/jkr.2018.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jkr.2018.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"193 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jkr.2018.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43697694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This study is a socio-cultural analysis of Islamophobia in South Korea as well as an examination of the representations of Islam by Korean online media. By tracing the development of Islamophobia in Korea, I will attempt to examine how discussions of Islam have both evolved and are currently taking place in Korea. Furthermore, by determining the intricate relationship between Islamophobia and Korean Protestantism, I will identify one of the major drivers of this discourse. While Islamophobia has spread noticeably after a series of terrorist attacks by an armed group calling itself the Islamic State (IS), the rapid spread of Islamophobia can be partly attributed to the general Korean public's limited and distorted understanding of Islam and Muslims. This study aims to combat prejudice and discrimination against Islam and reduce the resultant social conflict by determining the cultural logics behind the images of Islam in Korean society. Judging from the comments on social media and in Korean news articles, Islamophobia can be viewed as an aspect of a larger backlash against multiculturalism. In such discourses, Islam acts as an agent of uncertainty and uncontrollable "liquid fear" (Bauman 2013). This work ultimately proposes that certain steps need to be taken to promote respect for the otherness of Islam in a multicultural, globalized Korean society.
{"title":"Islamophobia and the Politics of Representation of Islam in Korea","authors":"G. Koo","doi":"10.1353/JKR.2018.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JKR.2018.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study is a socio-cultural analysis of Islamophobia in South Korea as well as an examination of the representations of Islam by Korean online media. By tracing the development of Islamophobia in Korea, I will attempt to examine how discussions of Islam have both evolved and are currently taking place in Korea. Furthermore, by determining the intricate relationship between Islamophobia and Korean Protestantism, I will identify one of the major drivers of this discourse. While Islamophobia has spread noticeably after a series of terrorist attacks by an armed group calling itself the Islamic State (IS), the rapid spread of Islamophobia can be partly attributed to the general Korean public's limited and distorted understanding of Islam and Muslims. This study aims to combat prejudice and discrimination against Islam and reduce the resultant social conflict by determining the cultural logics behind the images of Islam in Korean society. Judging from the comments on social media and in Korean news articles, Islamophobia can be viewed as an aspect of a larger backlash against multiculturalism. In such discourses, Islam acts as an agent of uncertainty and uncontrollable \"liquid fear\" (Bauman 2013). This work ultimately proposes that certain steps need to be taken to promote respect for the otherness of Islam in a multicultural, globalized Korean society.","PeriodicalId":42017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"159 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JKR.2018.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44336634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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