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Explaining Offline and Online Civic engagement intentions among Italian and Migrant Youth 解释意大利青年与移民青年的线上与线下公民参与意向
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-02-29 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2016.1143177
E. Cicognani, Cinzia Albanesi, D. Mazzoni, G. Prati, B. Zani
AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the role of some psychosocial factors in explaining offline and online civic engagement intentions in a sample of Italian and second generation migrant (Albanian and Moroccan) adolescents and young adults living in Italy. The theoretical model was an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour including past experience. The sample included 598 adolescents and young adults (M = 19.32, SD = 3.17). Two hundred were Italian (88 males, 44.0%), 197 migrants of Albanian origin (130 males, 66%) and 201 migrants of Moroccan origin (116 males, 57.7%). Moroccan youth reported higher levels of both past civic engagement and future intentions than Albanian and Italian peers. Perceived effectiveness of civic engagement and past experience are consistently associated with stronger intentions to engage in the future (offline and online) in all groups. Internal efficacy plays a limited role, whereas the role of subjective norms differs according to the group and the sourc...
摘要本研究的目的是评估一些社会心理因素在解释生活在意大利的意大利和第二代移民(阿尔巴尼亚和摩洛哥)青少年和年轻人的离线和在线公民参与意愿中的作用。该理论模型是计划行为理论的扩展版本,包括过去的经验。样本包括598名青少年和年轻人(M = 19.32, SD = 3.17)。200名意大利人(88名男性,44.0%),197名阿尔巴尼亚裔移民(130名男性,66%)和201名摩洛哥裔移民(116名男性,57.7%)。与阿尔巴尼亚和意大利青年相比,摩洛哥青年过去的公民参与和未来的意愿都更高。在所有群体中,公民参与的感知有效性和过去的经验始终与参与未来(离线和在线)的更强意图相关。内部效能的作用是有限的,而主观规范的作用则因群体和来源的不同而不同。
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引用次数: 8
Essentialist beliefs about sexuality-related categories / Creencias esencialistas sobre diferentes categorías relacionadas con la sexualidad 本质主义信仰与性相关的类别/本质主义信仰与性相关的不同类别
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101311
Elena Delgado-Acosta, Verónica Betancor, Armando Rodríguez-Pérez, Naira Delgado
Abstract People form essentialist beliefs about social categories as a strategy to organize their world and to make sense of the similarities and differences between different categories. This research examines four dimensions of essentialist thinking (biological basis, immutability, clarity of discreteness and informativeness) across different sexuality-related categories. Specifically, the categories of gays, lesbians, transsexuals, paedophiles, rapists and prostitutes were studied. Results show that essentialist beliefs of the six categories vary across dimensions and that essentialist dimensions function independently. Therefore, we discuss the relative usefulness of taking a global measurement as opposed to analysing the dimensions of essentialism separately.
人们形成关于社会类别的本质主义信念是一种组织世界和理解不同类别之间的异同的策略。这项研究考察了本质主义思维的四个维度(生物基础、不变性、离散性的清晰度和信息性),涉及不同的性相关类别。具体来说,研究了男同性恋者、女同性恋者、变性者、恋童癖者、强奸犯和妓女的类别。结果表明,六类本质主义信念在不同维度上存在差异,且本质主义维度独立发挥作用。因此,我们讨论采取全局测量的相对有用性,而不是单独分析本质主义的维度。
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引用次数: 1
Entrepreneurial intention of engineering students and associated influence of contextual factors / Intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de ingeniería e influencia de factores contextuales 工程专业学生的创业意向及情境因素的相关影响/工程专业学生的创业意向及情境因素的影响
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101314
G. Morales-Alonso, Iciar Pablo-Lerchundi, María-Cristina Núñez-del-Río
Abstract This research explores the incidence of individual and contextual factors on the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students, as they are called to be the founders of new technology-based firms, which are required for the generation of economic growth and employment. A quantitative study comprising 1,004 engineering and architecture students has been conducted, in which both contextual factors (perception of economic-administrative barriers and unemployment rates) and antecedents of entrepreneurial intention from Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour have been examined. Results show that individuals with a high entrepreneurial intention show a favourable attitude towards the behaviour and see themselves capable of undertaking an entrepreneurial behaviour. Perception of social support, although strong, is not such a relevant factor. Regarding contextual factors, these do not discourage individuals with high entrepreneurial intention. Last, the role played by unemployment rates is unclear. Consequently, technical universities and governments, in their social responsibility to foster entrepreneurship in future young professionals, should take these factors into account to promote an encouraging climate for the development of an entrepreneurial spirit.
摘要本研究探讨了个体因素和环境因素对工科学生创业意愿的影响,因为工科学生被称为新技术型企业的创始人,这是产生经济增长和就业所必需的。对1,004名工程和建筑专业学生进行了一项定量研究,其中对背景因素(对经济行政障碍和失业率的看法)和Ajzen计划行为理论中创业意向的前因进行了检查。结果表明,具有高创业意向的个体对创业行为表现出积极的态度,并认为自己有能力从事创业行为。对社会支持的感知虽然很强,但并不是一个如此相关的因素。就环境因素而言,这些因素并不会阻碍具有高创业意愿的个人。最后,失业率所起的作用尚不清楚。因此,技术大学和政府在其培养未来年轻专业人员的创业精神的社会责任中,应该考虑到这些因素,以促进一种鼓励发展创业精神的气氛。
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引用次数: 22
Communication and representation of risk in health crises: the influence of framing and group identity / Comunicación en crisis sanitarias y representación del riesgo. La influencia del framing y la identidad grupal 健康危机风险的沟通和代表:框架和群体认同/沟通在健康危机和风险代表中的影响。框架和群体认同的影响
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101313
Nahia Idoiaga, Lorena Gil de Montes, J. Valencia
Abstract Based on the Social Representations Theory (SRT) applied to the social construction of risk and the role played by group identities, this study examines the construction of risk created by the mass media in health epidemics. An experimental design with split-ballot questionnaire and 319 participants was used in which message framing (human interest vs. attribution of responsibility) and proximity (high vs. low) were manipulated for a high invulnerability identity (youth) vs. a low invulnerability identity (elderly) population. Results showed that the human interest framing increased the perception of risk, especially when the proximity of the epidemic was high; this effect was explained by people’s emotional response. Furthermore, youth projected the risk towards ‘the other’ in order to protect their invulnerability identity. Finally, we stress the importance of the SRT on a theoretical and applied level for risk communication in health crises.
摘要基于社会表征理论(SRT)对风险的社会建构和群体认同的作用,本研究考察了大众传播媒介在健康流行中的风险建构。采用319名被试的分选问卷设计,对高无坚不摧身份(青年)和低无坚不摧身份(老年人)的信息框架(人类兴趣与责任归因)和接近度(高与低)进行操纵。结果表明,人类利益框架增加了对风险的感知,特别是在疫情高度接近时;这种效应可以用人们的情绪反应来解释。此外,青年将风险投射到“他者”身上,以保护他们坚不可摧的身份。最后,我们强调SRT在理论和应用层面对健康危机风险沟通的重要性。
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引用次数: 14
Evolution of victimization, tolerance and detection of intimate partner violence among young Spanish women / Evolución de victimización, tolerancia y detección de la violencia de pareja entre mujeres jóvenes españolas 西班牙年轻妇女受害、容忍和发现亲密伴侣暴力的演变/西班牙年轻妇女受害、容忍和发现亲密伴侣暴力的演变
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101316
L. Rodríguez-Franco, J. López-Cepero, M. López-Núñez, Susana Paíno-Quesada, M. Á. Antuña-Bellerín, C. Bringas-Molleda, F. Rodríguez-Díaz
Abstract Intimate partner violence that takes place in first couple relationships has received increasing attention in recent years, leading our knowledge on different topics to grow remarkably. The objective of this study is two-fold: on the one hand, we compare levels of victimization and tolerance for two samples, from two waves of assessment; and on the other hand, we focus on coherence among victimization and the use of labels such as abuse, fear and feeling trapped in the relationship in both waves. A total sample of 3,844 women between the ages of 16 and 21 took part in the study, 18% in the first wave in 2003–05 and 82% in the second wave in 2011–13. Data were collected using the Cuestionario de Violencia de Novios (CUVINO), a questionnaire that provides information on the prevalence of and tolerance towards eight different kinds of abuse, along with self-labelling questions on the perception of abuse. Results showed a similarity in prevalence and labelling in both waves of assessment, with higher tolerance in the second wave. We discuss the implications of these findings for improving current prevention programs on dating violence.
近年来,发生在第一夫妻关系中的亲密伴侣暴力受到越来越多的关注,导致我们对不同主题的认识显著增长。本研究的目的是双重的:一方面,我们比较两个样本的受害和容忍水平,从两波评估;另一方面,我们关注的是受害和标签使用之间的一致性,如虐待,恐惧和感觉被困在这两种浪潮中的关系中。总共有3844名年龄在16岁到21岁之间的女性参加了这项研究,其中18%的人参加了2003-05年的第一次浪潮,82%的人参加了2011-13年的第二次浪潮。数据的收集使用了“新暴力问题”(CUVINO),这是一份调查表,提供了关于八种不同虐待的普遍程度和容忍程度的信息,以及关于对虐待的看法的自我标签问题。结果显示,两波评估的患病率和标签相似,第二波的耐受性更高。我们将讨论这些发现对改善当前约会暴力预防方案的意义。
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引用次数: 7
Complementary gender stereotypes and system justification: the moderating role of essentialist lay theories for group differences / Estereotipos de género complementarios y justificación del sistema: el papel moderador de las teorías populares esencialistas sobre las diferencias grupales 互补的性别刻板印象和系统正当性:群体差异本质主义理论的调节作用/互补的性别刻板印象和系统正当性:群体差异流行本质主义理论的调节作用
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101312
Tilemachos Iatridis, N. Stergiou
Abstract Past research has established that complementary stereotypes of men and women serve to justify the gendered division of labour as well as the division of labour in society at large. This paper is concerned with the essentialist lay theories for the origin of group differences (i.e. belief in genetic determinism vs. belief in social determinism) which may moderate the justificatory effect of complementary gender stereotypes. We present data from an experimental study conducted in Greece, in which genetic vs. social deterministic lay theories for group differences and complementary vs. non-complementary accounts of gender differences were crossed. In these data, complementary accounts of gender increased participants’ justificatory responses only when a genetic deterministic context was made salient; on the contrary, the social deterministic context appeared to buffer the justificatory function of complementary accounts of gender. The results extend the literatures on the justificatory effects of complementary stereotypes as well as on essentialism, and point to the importance of the historical context in which particular ideas and lay theories for intergroup differences are embedded.
过去的研究已经证实,男性和女性的互补刻板印象有助于证明性别分工以及整个社会的劳动分工是合理的。本文关注群体差异起源的本质主义理论(即基因决定论与社会决定论),这些理论可能会调节互补性性别刻板印象的辩护效果。我们提出了在希腊进行的一项实验研究的数据,其中遗传与社会确定性的外行理论对群体差异和性别差异的互补与非互补的解释进行了交叉。在这些数据中,性别的补充说明增加了参与者的正当反应,只有当遗传确定性的背景是突出的;相反,社会决定论的背景似乎缓冲了性别补充解释的辩护功能。研究结果拓展了关于互补刻板印象的正当性效应和本质主义的文献,并指出了嵌入群体间差异的特定思想和理论的历史背景的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Does affective forecasting change motivation for disaster preparedness? Motivation one month after a hypothetical earthquake / ¿Influye la predicción afectiva en la motivación para la preparación ante las catástrofes? La motivación un mes después de un terremoto hipotético 情感预测改变是灾难准备的动机吗?假设地震一个月后的动机/情感预测是否影响备灾动机?假设地震一个月后的动机
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101315
M. Noda
Abstract The present study examined how disaster preparedness would change after people predicted their affective reactions in the event of a major earthquake. In Study 1, participants (N = 255) completed an assessment of disaster preparedness. One week later, participants predicted their thoughts and feelings if a major earthquake were to strike, and then responded to the motivation measure. Study 2 (N = 129) examined the status of participants’ motivation after one month. The results showed that greater motivation was only seen immediately after affective forecasting, and the same level of motivation was not maintained after one month. When people imagine a potential earthquake the expected negative affective reactions are overestimated. Disaster preparedness allows people to mitigate their future negative affective reactions. In order to avoid these affective reactions, affective forecasters had greater motivation for disaster preparedness.
摘要本研究考察了人们在预测自己在大地震事件中的情感反应后,防灾准备会发生怎样的变化。在研究1中,参与者(N = 255)完成了备灾评估。一周后,参与者预测自己在大地震发生时的想法和感受,然后对动机测试做出反应。研究2 (N = 129)考察了一个月后参与者的动机状况。结果表明,只有在情感预测之后才会立即看到更大的动机,并且一个月后也没有保持相同的动机水平。当人们想象潜在的地震时,预期的负面情感反应被高估了。备灾使人们能够减轻他们未来的负面情感反应。为了避免这些情感反应,情感预报员有更大的备灾动机。
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引用次数: 5
Reviewers for 2015 / Evaluadores del año 2015 2015年评审员/ 2015年度评审员
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2016.1136128
L. Acuña, Lara Aknin, Carlos-María Alcover, Cristina Anguiano, Maria Teresa Paletta Crespo, S. D. Lemus, Alejandra Domínguez, Santiago de Compostela, Agustín Echebarría, A. Escartí, Jòrdi Escartin, F. Expósito, N. Extremera, J. M. Falomir, Victòria A. Ferrer, A. Fuertes, Jill A. Jacobson, Miguel Hernández, J. Lopez, Juan Antonio Moriano
Laura Acuña (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) Lara Aknin (Simon Fraser University) Carlos Alcover (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos) María Amérigo (Universidad de Barcelona) Elena Andrade (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Patricia Andrade (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) Cristina Anguiano (Universitat Rovira i Virgili) Pedro Apodaca (Universidad del País Vasco) Ignacio Aragonés (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) Constantino Arce (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Idaly Barreto (Universidad Católica de Colombia) M. Pilar Berrios-Martos (Universidad de Jaén) Raquel Bertoldo (Aix-Marseille Université) Kevin Blankenship (Iowa State University) Magdalena Bobowik (Universidad del País Vasco) Sofía Buelga (Universitat de València) Antonio Bustillos (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia) Rosa Cabecinhas (Universidad de Minho) Rosario Cabello (Universidad de Huelva) María Paz Cadena (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) Enrique Carbonell (Universitat de València) Ana Carrasco (Universidad de Huelva) Pilar Carrera (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) Pattrick Carroll (Ohio State University) Héctor Carvacho (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) Fernando Chacón (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) Miguel Clemente (Universidade da Coruña) J. Christopher Cohrs (Jacobs University Bremen) María Teresa Crespo (Universidad de Valladolid) Isabel Cuadrado (Universidad de Almería) Soledad de Lemus (Universidad de Granada) Michel Désert (Université Blaise-Pascal) Darío Nuño Díaz (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha) Revista de Psicología Social / International Journal of Social Psychology, 2016 Vol. 31, No. 1, 190–192, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2016.1136128
劳拉Acuña(墨西哥国立自治大学)Carlos Alcover劳拉Aknin (Simon Fraser University) (maria Amérigo胡安·卡洛斯国王大学(巴塞罗那)大学圣地亚哥Elena Andrade(大学)Patricia Andrade(墨西哥国立自治大学)Cristina安吉(Rovira一世Pedro Apodaca Virgili)(巴斯克地区大学康斯坦丁诺伊格纳西奥·阿拉贡(马德里康普鲁坦斯大学)枫(圣地亚哥)Idaly大学Barreto天主教大学(哥伦比亚)m . Berrios-Martos支柱(哈恩大学)瑞秋Bertoldo)凯文·布大学(艾克斯-马赛大学(Iowa State University)马格达莱纳河Bobowik(巴斯克地区大学)索菲亚Buelga(大学瓦尔ència) Antonio Bustillos(国家远程教育大学)玫瑰Cabecinhas (Minho)大学盘头发(maria和平链韦尔瓦大学(Enrique Carbonell(智利天主教大学)大学瓦尔ència Ana Carrasco)(韦尔瓦)支柱职业大学(马德里自治大学)Pattrick Carroll(俄亥俄州立大学)hector Carvacho (Fernando chacon智利天主教大学)(米格尔·克莱门特(马德里康普鲁坦斯大学)大学da拉科鲁尼亚)j . Christopher Cohrs(雅各布斯大学maria Teresa卷曲(不莱梅)的大学)伊莎贝尔广场(阿尔梅里亚)孤独Lemus大学(Michel大学中心(格拉纳达大学)Blaise-Pascal) dario nuno diaz(卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼查大学)Revista de psicologia Social / International Journal of Social Psychology, 2016 Vol. 31, No. 1, 190 - 192, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2016.1136128
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the activism and radicalism intention scale / Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la escala de intención de activismo y radicalismo 西班牙版激进主义和激进主义意图量表的心理测量特性/西班牙版激进主义和激进主义意图量表的心理测量特性
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1101317
H. M. Trujillo, M. Prados, M. Moyano
Abstract The purpose of this study is to adapt the Activism and Radicalism Intention Scale to Spanish. To do so, two studies were performed. In the first, which had a sample of 514 participants, the instrument was adapted to Spanish and a confirmatory factorial analysis was conducted. The psychometric results obtained were similar to those of the original version, and the scale’s two-dimensional structure was replicated. In the second study, the psychometric characteristics of the original instrument were also replicated, but in this case with a sample of 133 participants comprised of sympathizers and activists in the 15-M anti-austerity movement. Regarding the validity of the scale, both studies provide evidence on the coherence of the construct in terms of both its internal structure and its theoretical relationship with other psychosocial variables. The reliability of the instrument obtained in both samples studied was acceptable. In short, this study presents a tool in Spanish which can be useful for studying individuals’ and groups’ predisposition towards more or less violent political mobilization.
摘要本研究的目的是将“行动主义与激进主义意向量表”应用于西班牙语。为此,进行了两项研究。在第一个,其中有514名参与者的样本,该仪器被改编为西班牙语,并进行了验证性析因分析。获得的心理测量结果与原始版本相似,并且复制了量表的二维结构。在第二项研究中,原始工具的心理测量特征也被复制,但在这种情况下,133名参与者的样本包括15-M反紧缩运动的同情者和积极分子。关于量表的有效性,两项研究都从其内部结构和与其他社会心理变量的理论关系两方面提供了结构一致性的证据。在两个样本中获得的仪器可靠性是可以接受的。简而言之,这项研究提供了一种西班牙语工具,可以用于研究个人和群体对或多或少暴力政治动员的倾向。
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引用次数: 15
Personal identity and social identity: two different processes or a single one? / Identidad personal e identidad social. ¿Dos procesos diferentes o uno solo? 个人身份和社会身份:两个不同的过程还是一个单一的过程?/个人身份和社会身份。两个不同的过程还是一个?
4区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2015-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2015.1065091
Á. Gómez, A. Vázquez
Abstract Personal identity, or the definition of oneself in terms of personal idiosyncratic attributes, and social identity, or the definition of oneself in terms of affiliations with different categories or groups, have often been examined as two separate phenomena in the psychosocial literature. However, there are at least two theories which have deliberately researched the relationship between the two. One of these theories has done so for almost five decades (Social Identity Theory), while the alternative approach (Identity Fusion, or the visceral sense of oneness with the group) began to be developed less than one decade ago. The purpose of this special issue is to survey how approaches grounded upon both theories have attempted to explain some individuals’ extreme behaviours for their group. It also includes studies that examine the origins of identity fusion, the processes that relate it with extreme behaviour (such as the extension of familial ties to groups or the acceptance of violence), as well as a subtle demonstration of how group identity can affect interpersonal relationships.
在社会心理学文献中,个人同一性,或根据个人特质对自己的定义,和社会同一性,或根据与不同类别或群体的隶属关系对自己的定义,经常被视为两种不同的现象。然而,至少有两种理论有意地研究了这两者之间的关系。其中一种理论已经存在了近50年(社会身份理论),而另一种方法(身份融合,或与群体的内在统一感)在不到10年前才开始发展。本期特刊的目的是调查基于这两种理论的方法是如何试图解释某些个人对其群体的极端行为的。它还包括研究身份融合的起源,将其与极端行为(如将家庭关系扩展到群体或接受暴力)联系起来的过程,以及群体身份如何影响人际关系的微妙演示。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Revista De Psicologia Social
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