It is not clear what an Egyptian god was, what was believed about them, or how people responded to them. This qualitative work induces the nature of gods from the fourth and third millennia B.C.E. culture with the intention of stating what Egyptians believed. Framed in a philosophical design, it explores three features. First, using language, archaeology, and iconography the essentials of the god identity are outlined for original qualification. Second, god existence is argued using classical proofs. Third, god character is examined to reveal the specific psychological archetype that dictated their behaviour in myth. Then, delineated by the essential qualities of all three features, the nature of the gods is consolidated and filtered through an Old Kingdom value structure to reveal their conception—habitual ideal individual behaviour. The ancient Egyptians had a monistic idea for god that was internalised by every individual thus creating a system of internal equality despite the external inequality.
{"title":"The Ancient Egyptian Conception of God: From the Predynastic Through the Old Kingdom (ca. 3800–2135 B.C.E.)","authors":"Leival Richards","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/7244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7244","url":null,"abstract":"It is not clear what an Egyptian god was, what was believed about them, or how people responded to them. This qualitative work induces the nature of gods from the fourth and third millennia B.C.E. culture with the intention of stating what Egyptians believed. Framed in a philosophical design, it explores three features. First, using language, archaeology, and iconography the essentials of the god identity are outlined for original qualification. Second, god existence is argued using classical proofs. Third, god character is examined to reveal the specific psychological archetype that dictated their behaviour in myth. Then, delineated by the essential qualities of all three features, the nature of the gods is consolidated and filtered through an Old Kingdom value structure to reveal their conception—habitual ideal individual behaviour. The ancient Egyptians had a monistic idea for god that was internalised by every individual thus creating a system of internal equality despite the external inequality.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45224082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intuition of established scholars often holds them back from appreciating revolutionary advances in the understanding of how biblical texts evolved and how to view their language in that context. Kuhn’s theory of paradigm shifts helps elucidate the current debate regarding the linguistic dating theories of Avi Hurvitz and others. We discuss these linguistic dating theories and use Richard Friedman’s book on the exodus as an example of the old paradigm. We then juxtapose it with the emerging paradigm that is founded on more robust data collection and analysis.
{"title":"Counting and Weighing: On the Role of Intuition in Philology and Linguistics","authors":"M. Ehrensvärd, R. Rezetko, I. Young","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/8180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/8180","url":null,"abstract":"The intuition of established scholars often holds them back from appreciating revolutionary advances in the understanding of how biblical texts evolved and how to view their language in that context. Kuhn’s theory of paradigm shifts helps elucidate the current debate regarding the linguistic dating theories of Avi Hurvitz and others. We discuss these linguistic dating theories and use Richard Friedman’s book on the exodus as an example of the old paradigm. We then juxtapose it with the emerging paradigm that is founded on more robust data collection and analysis.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41447663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psalm 8 is one of the most important psalms of praise to YHWH. Unlike other psalms of praise, this psalm begins with the name of God, Yahweh, which clearly and unmistakeably expresses that he is glorious throughout his creation. Psalm 8 not only expresses the glory of Yahweh, but also the value and responsibility of humanity. This article examines how Psalm 8 is read and interpreted in an African/Yoruba religious and cultural tradition as a psalm of protection, healing, and success. Some archaeological evidence seems to support the use of the Bible that way. The effectiveness of such use in the African/Yoruba Christian tradition is not doubted because a strong faith is behind it. Such use represents an African/Yoruba affirmation of faith in Yahweh who will repeat the miracles of healing, protection, and success that he had performed in ancient Israel in their present lives.
{"title":"Decolonising the Reading of Psalm 8 in an African (Yoruba) Context.","authors":"D. Adamo","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/7613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7613","url":null,"abstract":"Psalm 8 is one of the most important psalms of praise to YHWH. Unlike other psalms of praise, this psalm begins with the name of God, Yahweh, which clearly and unmistakeably expresses that he is glorious throughout his creation. Psalm 8 not only expresses the glory of Yahweh, but also the value and responsibility of humanity. This article examines how Psalm 8 is read and interpreted in an African/Yoruba religious and cultural tradition as a psalm of protection, healing, and success. Some archaeological evidence seems to support the use of the Bible that way. The effectiveness of such use in the African/Yoruba Christian tradition is not doubted because a strong faith is behind it. Such use represents an African/Yoruba affirmation of faith in Yahweh who will repeat the miracles of healing, protection, and success that he had performed in ancient Israel in their present lives.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46368251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What is “philology” in contemporary research? How does it relate to linguistics? Does studying language for the purpose of reading texts legitimise a pre-theoretical approach to language analysis? Is research without an explicit theoretical undergirding (no matter how deep beneath the overt layers of argument) anything more than naive empiricism? This essay addresses a long-standing issue in Biblical Hebrew studies that has recently flared up: is a theory of language necessary for the study of Biblical Hebrew grammar? Rather than a comprehensive review of literature on the study of Biblical Hebrew, this essay is programmatic, weaving questions of discipline, theory, and praxis together to present a case for how Biblical Hebrew linguists ought to orient themselves in the process of collecting and analysing their data.
{"title":"Linguistics, Philology, and the Role of Theory","authors":"Robert D. Holmstedt","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/8047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/8047","url":null,"abstract":"What is “philology” in contemporary research? How does it relate to linguistics? Does studying language for the purpose of reading texts legitimise a pre-theoretical approach to language analysis? Is research without an explicit theoretical undergirding (no matter how deep beneath the overt layers of argument) anything more than naive empiricism? This essay addresses a long-standing issue in Biblical Hebrew studies that has recently flared up: is a theory of language necessary for the study of Biblical Hebrew grammar? Rather than a comprehensive review of literature on the study of Biblical Hebrew, this essay is programmatic, weaving questions of discipline, theory, and praxis together to present a case for how Biblical Hebrew linguists ought to orient themselves in the process of collecting and analysing their data.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48777333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Biblical Hebrew preposition b has many functions, including one traditionally called the beth essentiae. The standard example is Exod 18:4: ki ’elohe avi b‘ezri, “for the God of my father (is) my help.” Most scholars agree that this usage of beth marks an equivalence or predication, the notable exception being Whitley (1972). The goal of this paper is to provide a generative syntactic analysis that supports the majority view and to respond to Whitley’s two most important counterarguments, namely that beth is unnecessary as marker of predication, since Biblical Hebrew allows null copula clauses, and that the occurrence of beth with the verb hayah shows that beth must have some other function or else be pleonastic. I propose that the beth essentiae is an (optional) overt marker of predication and that it is the overt realisation of the functional predication head Pr. This syntactic argument is supported by cross?linguistic data.
《圣经》希伯来语介词b有很多功能，包括一个传统上称为beth essentiae的功能。标准的例子是Exod 18:4:ki‘elohe avi b'ezri，“因为我父亲的上帝是我的帮助。”大多数学者都认为，beth的这种用法标志着一种等价或预测，值得注意的例外是Whitley（1972）。本文的目的是提供一种支持多数人观点的生成句法分析，并回应惠特利的两个最重要的反驳论点，即贝丝没有必要作为谓语的标记，因为《圣经》希伯来语允许空系词从句，而贝丝与动词hayah的出现表明贝丝必须具有其他功能，否则就是平民化的。我认为beth-essentiae是谓词的（可选的）显性标记，它是功能谓词头Pr的显性实现？语言数据。
{"title":"The Biblical Hebrew Beth Essentiae: Predicate Marker","authors":"Jacques Boulet","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/8019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/8019","url":null,"abstract":"The Biblical Hebrew preposition b has many functions, including one traditionally called the beth essentiae. The standard example is Exod 18:4: ki ’elohe avi b‘ezri, “for the God of my father (is) my help.” Most scholars agree that this usage of beth marks an equivalence or predication, the notable exception being Whitley (1972). The goal of this paper is to provide a generative syntactic analysis that supports the majority view and to respond to Whitley’s two most important counterarguments, namely that beth is unnecessary as marker of predication, since Biblical Hebrew allows null copula clauses, and that the occurrence of beth with the verb hayah shows that beth must have some other function or else be pleonastic. I propose that the beth essentiae is an (optional) overt marker of predication and that it is the overt realisation of the functional predication head Pr. This syntactic argument is supported by cross?linguistic data.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49328044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The imprecation of Psalm 137, “Blessed are the revengers and the killers of infants” (vv. 8–9) does not seem to be in conformity with the broader messages of the Psalter, “Blessed is the man who delights in the law of Yahweh (Ps 1:1–2) and who dwells in your house and ever praises you (Ps 84:5)” and of the Old Testament, “Do not take revenge and love your neighbours and foreigners (Lev 19:18; Deut 10:19).” However, this imprecation of infants-death can be interpreted and understood in the literary contexts of the Major Prophets that show intertextual connection with Psalm 137 in terms of the imprecation and judgment themes (Isa 13:15–18; Jer 51:20–23). Certain passages of the Major Prophets contain the oracles of judgments against Israel’s enemies that are announced throughout Isaiah and Jeremiah as if the psalmist’s imprecation is answered. God would destroy Judah’s enemy, Babylon, in order to restore Judah.
{"title":"“Blessed Are the Killers of Infants”—Understanding the Imprecation of Psalm 137 in Light of the Canonical Contexts of the Major Prophets","authors":"Ryu Park","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/7823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7823","url":null,"abstract":"The imprecation of Psalm 137, “Blessed are the revengers and the killers of infants” (vv. 8–9) does not seem to be in conformity with the broader messages of the Psalter, “Blessed is the man who delights in the law of Yahweh (Ps 1:1–2) and who dwells in your house and ever praises you (Ps 84:5)” and of the Old Testament, “Do not take revenge and love your neighbours and foreigners (Lev 19:18; Deut 10:19).” However, this imprecation of infants-death can be interpreted and understood in the literary contexts of the Major Prophets that show intertextual connection with Psalm 137 in terms of the imprecation and judgment themes (Isa 13:15–18; Jer 51:20–23). Certain passages of the Major Prophets contain the oracles of judgments against Israel’s enemies that are announced throughout Isaiah and Jeremiah as if the psalmist’s imprecation is answered. God would destroy Judah’s enemy, Babylon, in order to restore Judah.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48045588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this contribution, we investigate the distribution of variant spellings in the largest texts of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hebrew Bible using principles and methods from quantitative linguistics. The variability of spelling is widely accepted in the literature. To date, however, insight into the extent of said variability is limited. This article therefore quantifies orthographic heterogeneity within a corpus of Classical Hebrew using a computational approach. It introduces a measure for profile-based uniformity which has proven successful in variational linguistics. The aim is not to identify the causes of orthographic variation, but rather to investigate the phenomenon of variability in its own right. Understanding orthographic heterogeneity across texts influences historical reconstructions based on orthography, such as the use of orthography for the dating of texts, but it also affects the description of language change and the study of scribal practice.
{"title":"A Hermeneutic of Variation? The Orthographic Variability of the Hebrew Bible and the Larger Dead Sea Scrolls","authors":"J. D. de Joode, D. Speelman","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/6633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/6633","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution, we investigate the distribution of variant spellings in the largest texts of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hebrew Bible using principles and methods from quantitative linguistics. The variability of spelling is widely accepted in the literature. To date, however, insight into the extent of said variability is limited. This article therefore quantifies orthographic heterogeneity within a corpus of Classical Hebrew using a computational approach. It introduces a measure for profile-based uniformity which has proven successful in variational linguistics. The aim is not to identify the causes of orthographic variation, but rather to investigate the phenomenon of variability in its own right. Understanding orthographic heterogeneity across texts influences historical reconstructions based on orthography, such as the use of orthography for the dating of texts, but it also affects the description of language change and the study of scribal practice.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41385923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Missing object complements are significant for the grammar and the lexicon. An explanation is called for of their syntactic status, the basis for their “recovery” or interpretation in discourse, constrictions on what type of objects may be missing, and their information-structure status in the context of object marking more generally. In this essay I present a taxonomy of missing complements in Biblical Hebrew from the perspective of information structure, focusing especially on the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic bases of their interpretation in the discourse. In an appendix I briefly explore the applicability of this taxonomy of missing objects to explain the interpretation of missing subjects in Biblical Hebrew discourse.
{"title":"Finding Missing Objects in Biblical Hebrew (with an Appendix on Missing Subjects)","authors":"J. Cook","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/7859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7859","url":null,"abstract":"Missing object complements are significant for the grammar and the lexicon. An explanation is called for of their syntactic status, the basis for their “recovery” or interpretation in discourse, constrictions on what type of objects may be missing, and their information-structure status in the context of object marking more generally. In this essay I present a taxonomy of missing complements in Biblical Hebrew from the perspective of information structure, focusing especially on the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic bases of their interpretation in the discourse. In an appendix I briefly explore the applicability of this taxonomy of missing objects to explain the interpretation of missing subjects in Biblical Hebrew discourse.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41841393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article will focus on the importance of the New Kingdom Papyrus Ashmolean Museum 1945.96 (Adoption Papyrus). The research question is whether this papyrus assists us in a better understanding of the ancient Egyptian testamentary disposition. The aim is to identify and discuss concepts and elements pertaining to succession law in general, but in particular testamentary dispositions. A problem when studying any ancient text is to keep in mind that one can never enforce modern concepts onto these ancient texts. However, these ancient texts might contain building blocks of later concepts; in particular, the Adoption Papyrus may give us valuable information regarding these early concepts and elements of succession law and in the process indicate that the building blocks of succession law are much older than Roman law. The methodology used is a textual approach analysing the Adoption Papyrus in order to attempt identifying legal concepts and elements of succession law. With my background as lawyer and Egyptologist, it appears to me that there are several identifiable elements and concepts of testamentary dispositions and succession law evident in the Adoption Papyrus. With my multi-disciplinary approach to this study, I endeavour to indicate that the first building blocks of the testamentary disposition and succession law can be found in these ancient New Kingdom texts, long before Roman law was developed.
{"title":"The Contribution of Papyrus Ashmolean Museum 1945.96 (Adoption Papyrus) to our Understanding of the Ancient Egyptian “Testamentary Disposition” and Succession Law","authors":"Nicolaas J van Blerk","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/7445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7445","url":null,"abstract":"This article will focus on the importance of the New Kingdom Papyrus Ashmolean Museum 1945.96 (Adoption Papyrus). The research question is whether this papyrus assists us in a better understanding of the ancient Egyptian testamentary disposition. The aim is to identify and discuss concepts and elements pertaining to succession law in general, but in particular testamentary dispositions. A problem when studying any ancient text is to keep in mind that one can never enforce modern concepts onto these ancient texts. However, these ancient texts might contain building blocks of later concepts; in particular, the Adoption Papyrus may give us valuable information regarding these early concepts and elements of succession law and in the process indicate that the building blocks of succession law are much older than Roman law. The methodology used is a textual approach analysing the Adoption Papyrus in order to attempt identifying legal concepts and elements of succession law. With my background as lawyer and Egyptologist, it appears to me that there are several identifiable elements and concepts of testamentary dispositions and succession law evident in the Adoption Papyrus. With my multi-disciplinary approach to this study, I endeavour to indicate that the first building blocks of the testamentary disposition and succession law can be found in these ancient New Kingdom texts, long before Roman law was developed.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42672705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biblical Hebrew (BH) has traditionally been taught using the so-called “grammar-translation” method. This method, however, has been shown to be ineffective in bringing most students to spoken or reading fluency. Communicative language teaching (CLT) has been the dominant teaching method of modern languages since the 1980s. In modern language teaching, spoken fluency is the primary goal of the language teaching. The goal of most students studying BH, however, is not spoken fluency, but reading with comprehension. The thesis of this article is threefold: 1) that CLT can be used to help students reach their goal of reading with comprehension, 2) that it can be implemented with success in a first-year classroom, and 3) that students find it more effective and enjoyable than the grammar-translation method. After a brief overview of the history of language teaching, the first part of the body of the article substantiates the claim that CLT is effective in helping students read with comprehension and not just speaking fluently. The second part shows how CLT can be implemented in a first-year classroom. The various techniques that we use in our curriculum are described in some theoretical detail, after which their application in the curriculum is described. Finally, we consider some feedback that we have received from students.
{"title":"Applying Communicative Language Teaching Principles to Biblical Hebrew Instruction","authors":"L. Lemmer","doi":"10.25159/2663-6573/6885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/6885","url":null,"abstract":"Biblical Hebrew (BH) has traditionally been taught using the so-called “grammar-translation” method. This method, however, has been shown to be ineffective in bringing most students to spoken or reading fluency. Communicative language teaching (CLT) has been the dominant teaching method of modern languages since the 1980s. In modern language teaching, spoken fluency is the primary goal of the language teaching. The goal of most students studying BH, however, is not spoken fluency, but reading with comprehension. The thesis of this article is threefold: 1) that CLT can be used to help students reach their goal of reading with comprehension, 2) that it can be implemented with success in a first-year classroom, and 3) that students find it more effective and enjoyable than the grammar-translation method. After a brief overview of the history of language teaching, the first part of the body of the article substantiates the claim that CLT is effective in helping students read with comprehension and not just speaking fluently. The second part shows how CLT can be implemented in a first-year classroom. The various techniques that we use in our curriculum are described in some theoretical detail, after which their application in the curriculum is described. Finally, we consider some feedback that we have received from students.","PeriodicalId":42047,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Semitics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42166985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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