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Ukiyo-e between Pop Art and (Trans)cultural Appropriation: On the Art of Muhamed Kafedžić (Muha) 波普艺术与(跨)文化挪用之间的浮世绘——论穆罕默德的艺术Kafedžić (Muha)
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-10-10 DOI: 10.17885/heiup.ts.2017.1.23706
Srdan Tunic
This article is based on a curatorial study of Muhamed Kafedžic’s oeuvre and our collaboration between 2012 and 2015. The work examines the paintings of the Sarajevo-based artist and questions the meaning and applicability of cultural appropriation theories to his work. The goal is to present a complex procedure of the appropriation of processes and styles in art history, usingin Kafedžic’s example of a hybrid of Japanese Ukiyo-e woodblock printing (17th–19th centuries) and American pop art painting (20th century), predominantly in the style of Roy Lichtenstein. My intention is to emphasize how Muha’s artwork has an element of dislocation, or outside-ness, in both place and national tradition, which consequently develops into a trans-cultural perspective, using Japanese (pop) art as a trans-national networking point.
本文基于对穆哈迈德·卡夫季奇作品的策展研究以及我们在2012年至2015年间的合作。这幅作品考察了这位萨拉热窝艺术家的画作,并质疑文化挪用理论在他的作品中的意义和适用性。其目的是以Kafedžic的日本浮世绘木版印刷术(17-19世纪)和美国波普艺术绘画(20世纪)的混合体为例,呈现艺术史上工艺和风格挪用的复杂过程,主要采用Roy Lichtenstein的风格。我的意图是强调木哈的艺术作品在地方和民族传统中都有错位或外在的元素,从而发展成一种跨文化的视角,将日本(流行)艺术作为一个跨民族的网络点。
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引用次数: 0
"Dividing up the [Chinese] Melon, guafen 瓜分": The Fate of a Transcultural Metaphor in the Formation of National Myth 瓜分瓜分“:一个跨文化隐喻在民族神话形成中的命运”
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-10-10 DOI: 10.17885/HEIUP.TS.2017.1.23700
R. Wagner
This study sets out to join a discussion which tests a number of assumptions current in the study of conceptual history. These assumptions are: Conceptual history can only be studied within a given language; concepts are articulated in abstract words, and other forms such as metaphors only serve to explain, but have no standing of their own; the sources for conceptual history are core texts with great authority often written by authors of great intellectual consequence; concepts are part of an environment of other concepts, but their reality fit and their institutional connection (promotion, ban) are not part of conceptual history. The test case is the use of the Chinese term melon-division, guafen , for the partition of a state. The study traces the early uses of guafen as a term for “partition;” its stabilization in this function; its negative valuation through association with the partition of Poland, and its systemic use in international law. It then follows the history of the new guafen notion in China since the 1830s as a concept and a historical prospect. None of the narratives of China’s guafen ever gained discursive hegemony, in part because the country’s partition did not materialize. Unwilling to let go of the powerful guafen narrative, however, the reformers, who used the term according to their changing local agendas, adjusted their story: division did not materialize even in 1900 when China’s standing was lowest and foreign troops had occupied the capital. Instead, an invisible partition into zones of influence was taking place. The reformers used new media, including the cartoon, to “translate” the Western image of a Chinese cake being divided into a literal rendering of a melon being cut up, although the image was now badly suited. The poor fit notwithstanding, guafen was also taken up by the early Communists. It eventually became the PRC master narrative of China’s relations with the Powers (Russia, Great Britain, Japan, and the United States), a narrative only occasionally and indirectly challenged by artists such as Zeng Fanzhi. The result is that none of the traditional assumptions about conceptual history can stand the test. The study provides evidence advancing the notion that concepts in the form of words, metaphors, and images cross cultural and language borders through “translation.” The result is the formation of a transcultural and translingual vernacular for words, metaphors, and images that is largely invisible on the surface but retains strong links over time among the connected items.
这项研究旨在加入一项讨论,该讨论检验了概念史研究中的一些现有假设。这些假设是:概念历史只能在给定的语言中进行研究;概念是用抽象的词语表达的,隐喻等其他形式只是用来解释,而没有自己的地位;概念史的来源是具有重大权威的核心文本,通常由具有重大学术意义的作者撰写;概念是其他概念环境的一部分,但它们的现实契合和制度联系(促进、禁止)不是概念历史的一部分。这个测试案例是使用中国术语瓜分瓜分来表示一个国家的划分。这项研究追溯了瓜芬作为“分配”术语的早期使用,它在这个函数中的稳定性;通过与波兰分治的联系对其进行负面评估,以及在国际法中的系统性使用。然后,作为一个概念和历史展望,对19世纪30年代以来中国新瓜分观的历史进行了梳理。中国瓜分的叙事从未获得过话语霸权,部分原因是该国的分治没有实现。然而,改革者们不愿意放弃强有力的瓜芬叙事,他们根据当地不断变化的议程使用了这个词,他们调整了自己的故事:即使在1900年,当中国的地位最低,外国军队占领了首都时,分裂也没有实现。相反,一种无形的影响区划分正在发生。改革者利用包括漫画在内的新媒体,将中国蛋糕被分割的西方形象“翻译”成瓜被切开的字面效果,尽管这种形象现在很不合适。尽管身体不适,瓜芬还是被早期的共产党人吸收了。它最终成为中国与列强(俄罗斯、英国、日本和美国)关系的主要叙事,这种叙事只是偶尔和间接地受到曾梵志等艺术家的挑战。结果是,关于概念历史的传统假设都经不起考验。这项研究提供了证据,证明了单词、隐喻和图像形式的概念通过“翻译”跨越了文化和语言边界。其结果是,单词、比喻和图像形成了一种跨文化和跨语言的方言,这种方言在表面上基本上看不见,但随着时间的推移,在相关项目之间保持着强大的联系。
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引用次数: 6
The Violence Curtain: Occupied Afghan Turkestan and the Making of a Central Asian Borderscape 暴力帷幕:被占领的阿富汗突厥斯坦与中亚边境地图的制作
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-10-10 DOI: 10.17885/HEIUP.TS.2017.1.23588
T. Nunan
This article examines the history of Soviet-Afghan encounters in northern Afghanistan during the Soviet occupation. Drawing on archival materials from the former Soviet Union as well as recently published memoir collections by Soviet border guards, it shows how during the 1980s, northern Afghanistan was subjected to a unique regime of degraded sovereignty. While all regions of Afghanistan were subject to military occupation by the Soviet Army, in northern Afghanistan, 62,000 Soviet Border Troops occupied the northern reaches. Their goal was not only to secure  the Soviet-Afghan border, but also to eliminate mujāhidīn forces in Badakhshan, encourage peaceful and commercial cross- border interactions between Soviet and Afghan Badakhshan, and secure the entire territory inside an “antiseptic” green zone extending 100 to 120 kilometers into northern Afghanistan. As they did so, many elements of the Soviet border regime migrated into Afghanistan itself. Building on earlier work on the making of the Soviet border through areas of security inside the USSR, this piece shows the afterlives of that border as something also capable of being extended outside the USSR itself. In doing so, it not only enhances our understanding of the Soviet-Afghan War but also reveals the Soviet Union and its border forces to be transnational actors in their own right, rather than mere defenders of a statist territorial order.
这篇文章考察了苏联占领阿富汗北部期间苏联和阿富汗遭遇的历史。这本书借鉴了前苏联的档案资料以及最近出版的苏联边防士兵的回忆录,展示了在20世纪80年代,阿富汗北部是如何遭受一个独特的主权退化政权的统治的。虽然阿富汗所有地区都受到苏联军队的军事占领,但在阿富汗北部,62 000名苏联边防部队占领了北部地区。他们的目标不仅是确保苏联-阿富汗边境的安全,而且要消灭在巴达赫尚省的mujāhidīn武装力量,鼓励苏联和阿富汗巴达赫尚省之间的和平和商业跨境互动,并确保整个领土在延伸到阿富汗北部100至120公里的“防腐”绿区内。与此同时,苏联边境政权的许多人员也迁移到了阿富汗境内。在早期通过苏联内部安全区域建立苏联边界的作品的基础上,这件作品展示了这条边界的后遗症,它也能够延伸到苏联本身之外。在这样做的过程中,它不仅增强了我们对苏联-阿富汗战争的理解,而且揭示了苏联及其边境部队本身就是跨国行动者,而不仅仅是国家主义领土秩序的捍卫者。
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引用次数: 2
'More fun than the locals’: cultural differences and natural resources “比当地人更有趣”:文化差异和自然资源
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.1163/23751606-01301001
M. Rolls
In the latter half of the 1990s there was a long-running but unreported conflict over use of a coastal rock platform on the Central Coast of New South Wales, just to the north of Sydney. This multifaceted dispute was between poor Korean Australians from the inner suburbs of Sydney and locals. The source of this conflict was the manner in which the rock platform was being used, how its resources were exploited and the type of social life that accompanied these activities. Different peoples brought different understandings to the rock platform, and they acted in accordance with those understandings.For many older settler Australians, and for the diminishing number of those ‘on the land’, the essence of what it is to be Australian is found outside of urban environments. Colloquially referred to as ‘the bush’, this can mean virtually any rural, remote, regional, or non-urban setting. For those living in cities, and for more recent immigrants to Australia, national parks are one site that provides ready access to ‘the bush’. As with the coastal rock platform, different peoples bring different understandings to their encounters with national parks and ‘the bush’, and their use of these places changes accordingly.This paper begins with a description of the rock platform incident, before moving on to discuss the response of different immigrant groups to national parks and other open public spaces.
20世纪90年代后半叶,在悉尼以北的新南威尔士州中央海岸,发生了一场长期但未报告的关于使用海岸岩石平台的冲突。这场多方面的纠纷发生在悉尼内郊的贫穷韩裔澳大利亚人和当地人之间。这场冲突的根源在于岩石平台的使用方式、资源的开采方式以及伴随这些活动的社会生活类型。不同的人对岩石平台有着不同的理解,他们按照这些理解行事。对于许多年长的澳大利亚定居者,以及越来越少的“在陆地上”的人来说,成为澳大利亚人的本质是在城市环境之外找到的。通常被称为“丛林”,这可以指几乎任何农村、偏远、地区或非城市环境。对于那些生活在城市里的人,以及最近移民到澳大利亚的人来说,国家公园是一个可以随时进入“丛林”的地方。与海岸岩石平台一样,不同的人对他们与国家公园和“灌木丛”的相遇有着不同的理解,他们对这些地方的使用也相应地发生了变化。本文首先描述了岩台事件,然后讨论了不同移民群体对国家公园和其他开放公共空间的反应。
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引用次数: 1
Written Out of History: My Grandfather William Chapman and the Effects of War 写在历史之外:我的祖父威廉·查普曼和战争的影响
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.1163/23751606-01301005
A. Bosch
This text is an attempt to trace the case history of an Australian soldier’s participation in World War One and the effects of war on an ordinary Australian family, whose roots are in 19 th century England. Archival documents from the National Australian Archives, diaries of medical officers and soldiers, the Embarkation Roll as well as certificates of marriages and deaths are examined in order to document the historical facts which crossed the boundaries between private and public lives of ordinary people enmeshed in the history of their era.
本文试图追溯一名澳大利亚士兵参加第一次世界大战的历史,以及战争对一个普通澳大利亚家庭的影响,这个家庭的根源是19世纪的英国。对澳大利亚国家档案馆的档案文件、医务人员和士兵的日记、登船登记簿以及结婚和死亡证书进行了审查,以记录那些跨越私人生活和公共生活之间界限的历史事实,这些历史事实与他们所处时代的历史交织在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Parallel Processes in English-Hungarian Language Contact Situations 英匈语接触情境中的平行过程
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.1163/23751606-01301002
Éva Forintos
In language contact research, there is an interrelationship between language systems, social and communicative factors and psycholinguistic processing. Language contact can be associated with face-to-face communication among community members who use different language varieties, as well as with non-personal contact of people using the written medium. Language contact can contribute to the transfer of linguistic patterns and units from one system to another. Stable contact can result in both lexical and grammatical influences, the process being mutual rather than unidirectional. According to Braunmuller and House, language contact and contact-induced variation and change, which can result in convergence and divergence, are omnipresent characteristic features of languages in use. 1 Winford takes a similar view and argues that the degree and nature of structural convergence depend on an array of linguistic, social and historical factors. However, he remarks that it is problematic to differentiate between internally motivated changes and transmission from external sources. 2 The present research paper deals with the dynamics of the language systems in contact and observes how the languages of bilinguals develop similarities (convergence) and how they distinguish between the two languages in particular ways (divergence). This research employs the corpus of written language samples sourced from the Australian-Hungarian community’s newspaper, entitled Hungarian Life (Magyar Elet). Many of the immigrants who produce text for the newspaper retain the Hungarian language, but have become bilingual in English.
在语言接触研究中,语言系统、社会和交际因素以及心理语言学处理之间存在着相互关系。语言接触可以与使用不同语言变体的社区成员之间的面对面交流联系在一起,也可以与使用书面媒介的人的非个人接触联系在一起。语言接触有助于语言模式和单位从一个系统转移到另一个系统。稳定的接触可以产生词汇和语法的影响,这个过程是相互的,而不是单向的。根据Braunmuller和House的观点,语言接触和接触引起的变异和变化是语言在使用中无处不在的特征,这些变异和变化会导致趋同和发散。1 Winford也持类似观点,认为结构趋同的程度和性质取决于一系列语言、社会和历史因素。然而,他指出,区分内部驱动的变化和外部来源的传播是有问题的。2本研究论文探讨了接触中语言系统的动态,并观察了双语者的语言如何发展相似性(趋同)以及他们如何以特定的方式区分两种语言(分歧)。这项研究采用了来自澳大利亚匈牙利社区报纸《匈牙利生活》(Magyar Elet)的书面语言样本语料库。许多为该报撰写文章的移民保留了匈牙利语,但已经掌握了英语双语。
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引用次数: 0
Senses of an Ending 结尾的意义
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.1163/23751606-01301004
Éva Bús
It is possible to read Peter Carey’s short story, Concerning the Greek Tyrant , as an adaptation of one of the first grand achievements of the occidental storytelling tradition: The Iliad . When creating one of his “what–if” 1 stories from the raw material of the various myths of the Trojan War, Carey turns the Homeric story on its head, simultaneously challenging concepts central to the latest theories of narrative fiction, such as the question of narrative sequence, shifts in the narrative perspective, the representation of temporal experience, and the technique of metanarrative. When uprooting the myth of the Trojan war from the “lost order of time” and making it a story of “the here and now”, 2 Carey joins an almost three-thousand-year-long tradition while breaking away from it simultaneously. The paper aims to examine a manifest duality of the textual actions 3 in Concerning the Greek Tyrant. Its historical plot 4 appears to be a realistic adaptation of a few of the closing events of the war as reconstructed from a variety of sources on the one hand, and a narrative of how Homer suffers from writer’s block on the other. On the linguistic level of narration, however, the text is permeated by irony, a mastertrope (Burke 1945) whose dialectic nature further enhances the aforementioned duality, and helps the various dimensions of the text reflect and comment on each other.
我们可以把彼得·凯里的短篇小说《关于希腊暴君》看作是对西方叙事传统最早的伟大成就之一《伊利亚特》的改编。凯里以特洛伊战争的各种神话为素材,创作了一个“假设”故事,他颠覆了荷马故事,同时挑战了叙事小说最新理论的核心概念,如叙事顺序问题、叙事视角的转变、时间体验的表现和元叙事技巧。凯里把特洛伊战争的神话从“失落的时间秩序”中连根拔起,把它变成了一个“此时此地”的故事,同时又打破了一个近三千年的传统。本文旨在考察《论希腊暴君》中文本行为的明显二元性。它的历史情节似乎是对战争结束时的一些事件的现实改编,一方面是根据各种来源重建的,另一方面是对荷马如何遭受写作障碍的叙述。然而,在语言叙事层面上,文本被反讽所渗透,这是一种巧妙的修辞(Burke 1945),其辩证法本质进一步强化了上述二元性,并有助于文本的各个维度相互反映和评论。
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引用次数: 0
From Literary Orphans to Award-winning Authorship: Serbian Migrant Writers in Australia 从文学孤儿到获奖作家:澳大利亚的塞尔维亚移民作家
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.1163/23751606-01301003
Nataša Kampmark
Focusing on literary careers of individual writers, this paper traces the trajectory of Serbian migrant writing in Australia from its beginnings after World War II until the present, arguing that this writing has progressively evolved from being part of a doubly neglected ghetto-like literary community to becoming a fully integrated, award-winning authorship. Each new wave of migrants is viewed as a link in the chain of evolution triggered by migration understood as a change of place. In the case of migrant writers and writers of non-Anglo-Celtic background in Australia, the advantages gained by migration include the access to a large bilingual cultural pool, a doubly informed vision and interpretation of the world, and the privileged position of a mediator between two cultures.
本文聚焦于个体作家的文学生涯,追溯了塞尔维亚移民在澳大利亚从二战后开始到现在的写作轨迹,认为这种写作已经逐渐从一个被双重忽视的犹太人文学社区的一部分发展成为一个完全整合的,屡获殊荣的作家。每一波新的移民浪潮都被视为进化链上的一个环节,由移民引发的进化链被理解为地方的变化。就澳大利亚的移民作家和非盎格鲁-凯尔特背景的作家而言,移民所获得的优势包括可以接触到一个庞大的双语文化库,对世界的双重了解和解释,以及两种文化之间调解人的特权地位。
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引用次数: 0
Cover 2016/2 封面2016/2
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-04-07 DOI: 10.17885/heiup.ts.2016.2.23644
Andrea Hacker
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引用次数: 0
The Reception of Max Weber’s Cubist Poems (1914) in Taishō Japan 马克斯·韦伯的立体主义诗歌(1914)在日本大成的接受
Q4 HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-04-07 DOI: 10.17885/HEIUP.TS.2016.2.23509
Pierantonio Zanotti
In this paper, I will analyze the Japanese reception of  Cubist Poems , a collection of experimental poetry published in 1914 by the Jewish-American painter Max Weber (1881‒1961). First, I will provide information on this little-known collection and its author. Then I will offer a general description of the structure of the field of cultural production in 1910s and 1920s Tokyo, a period that roughly corresponds to the reign of Emperor Taishō (1912‒1926). To do so, I will use a number of theoretical tools from the works of Pierre Bourdieu. Part of this article will be structured as a historical survey of the presentation of  Cubist Poems  in 1914‒1925 Japan. As will become clear, in the Japanese cultural world, Weber’s collection provoked an interest that was unparalleled in any other country, perhaps even in the English-speaking world. Finally, I will offer some interpretations of the characteristics of this reception and some hypotheses concerning its causes.
在本文中,我将分析日本人对犹太裔美国画家马克斯·韦伯(1881-1961)于1914年出版的实验诗集《立体主义诗歌》的接受情况。首先,我将提供有关这本鲜为人知的合集及其作者的信息。然后,我将大致描述1910年代和1920年代东京文化生产领域的结构,这一时期大致相当于大成天皇(1912-1926)的统治时期。为此,我将使用皮埃尔·布迪厄作品中的一些理论工具。本文的一部分将作为1914-1925年日本立体主义诗歌呈现的历史调查。显而易见,在日本文化界,韦伯的收藏引起的兴趣是其他任何国家都无法比拟的,甚至在英语世界也是如此。最后,我将对这种接受的特征进行一些解释,并就其原因提出一些假设。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Transcultural Studies
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