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METHODOLOGICAL NOTES ON METAPHILOSOPHY AS A PHILOSOPHICAL DISCIPLINE 作为哲学学科的元哲学的方法论注释
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283059
Oleksii Rodgero
The paper deals with the explanation of the subject of metaphilosophy as a philosophical science. The main themes and problems of metaphilosophy are formulated, and its interrelation with other philosophical subjects and fields of research is clarified. The author proposes some methodological principles that are essential in dealing with such an important problem of metaphilosophy as the relationship between a philosophical doctrine and the life of the thinker who created it. This problem is examined through the life and philosophical doctrine of G. Skovoroda. The paper also identifies certain types (dimensions) of determination of the genesis of philosophical thought, and classifies particular cases associated with different degrees of relevance to the problem of “philosophical doctrine and the life of the philosopher”.
本文论述了作为一门哲学科学的元哲学学科的解释问题。阐述了元哲学的主题和问题,并阐明了它与其他哲学学科和研究领域的相互关系。作者提出了一些方法论原则,这些原则对于处理哲学学说与创造哲学学说的思想家的生活之间的关系这一形而上学的重要问题至关重要。这个问题是通过斯科沃罗达的生平和哲学学说来考察的。本文还确定了确定哲学思想起源的某些类型(维度),并对与“哲学学说与哲学家的生活”问题有不同程度相关性的特定案例进行了分类。
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引用次数: 0
MULTICULTURALISM AS A KEY PARAMETER OF THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES 多元文化主义是分析社会文化现象和过程的关键参数
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283064
Vitaliya Gotynyan-Zhuravlova
We live in a diverse multicultural world. Even the history of mankind cannot be considered as a linear process, where all peoples develop in the same way, according to the same program, simultaneously passing through the same stages of development, for example, primitive barbarism, feudalism, the industrial era, the era of laws. Thus, G.  Vico, A. Toynbee, P. Sorokin, O. Spengler and many other researchers imagined history in the form of real, separate, self-sufficient sociocultural worlds. Today, multiculturalism is still an actual problem for research. Most often, it is understood not only as tolerance of cultural diversity, but, first of all, as a requirement to recognize at the legislative level the rights of different racial, religious, and cultural groups for their peaceful and happy coexistence in one state. The issue of multiculturalism is also of particular importance for modern Ukraine, which is a complex state in terms of its ethnic structure, complex from a socio-cultural point of view, as its regions have different historical pasts and different visions of the future. In addition, the historical circumstances of the country’s development led to the fact that various national minorities with their own traditions, culture, and customs live on the territory of modern Ukraine. Ukraine is a culturally diverse country, which is why multiculturalism, tolerance, the idea of national unity, and issues of social integration remain relevant.
我们生活在一个多元文化的世界。甚至人类的历史也不能被认为是一个线性的过程,在这个过程中,所有民族都以同样的方式,按照同样的纲领发展,同时经历同样的发展阶段,例如原始野蛮时代、封建时代、工业时代、法律时代。因此,G.维科、A.汤因比、P.索罗金、O.斯宾格勒和许多其他研究者以真实的、独立的、自给自足的社会文化世界的形式来想象历史。今天,多元文化主义仍然是一个需要研究的现实问题。在大多数情况下,它不仅被理解为对文化多样性的容忍,而且首先被理解为在立法层面承认不同种族、宗教和文化群体在一个国家和平、幸福共处的权利的要求。多元文化主义的问题对现代乌克兰来说也特别重要,就其民族结构而言,这是一个复杂的国家,从社会文化的角度来看,这是一个复杂的国家,因为它的地区有不同的历史过去和不同的未来愿景。此外,该国发展的历史环境导致各少数民族以其自己的传统、文化和习俗生活在现代乌克兰的领土上。乌克兰是一个文化多样化的国家,这就是为什么多元文化主义、容忍、民族团结的思想和社会一体化问题仍然具有相关性。
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引用次数: 0
ALIMENTARY UNIVERSAL-CULTURAL CODE IN НRIGORY SKOVORODA’S DIALOGUE «THE GRATEFUL ERODIUS» 在Нrigory skovoroda的对话“感恩的情色”中营养的普遍文化代码
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283057
O.D. Kyrylyuk
The article considers the universal-cultural structure of one of the dialogues of Н. Skovoroda – «The grateful Erodius» with a focus on one of the universals of culture, namely, on the alimentary worldview code. The analytical separation of this code from its close interweaving with the categories of ultimate bases (life, death, immortality) and other worldview codes showed that, in addition to describing the specifics of the nutrition of the main character of the work, Erodius the stork, alimentarity appears here in its symbolic and allegorical manifestations, primarily – in the context of a Christian spiritual food, that is, the Divine commandments, the observance of which allows a person to avoid the vices of the world of bad people and achieve the otherworldly eternal life. The explication of such an understanding of alimentarity once again confirmed my assertion that all, without exception, integral texts of culture are built on the universal basic worldview formula “life – death – immortality”. This is the identity of the dialogue of Hrigory Skovoroda with other cultural texts. The specificity of the reproduction of the universal alimentary code lies in the dialogue form of this reproduction, and in terms of content – in the symbolic understanding of alimentarity in connection with spiritual food.
本文考察了《Н》中的一篇对白的普遍文化结构。Skovoroda -«感恩的Erodius»,关注文化的一个共性,即饮食世界观代码。这个代码与最终基础(生命,死亡,不朽)和其他世界观代码紧密交织在一起的分析分离表明,除了描述作品中主要角色的营养细节外,食物在这里以象征性和讽喻的形式出现,主要是在基督教精神食物的背景下,即神圣的诫命,遵守它可以让一个人避免世界上坏人的恶习,实现超脱尘世的永生。对这种对营养的理解的解释再次证实了我的断言,即所有文化的整体文本无一例外地都建立在普遍的基本世界观公式“生命-死亡-不朽”之上。这就是斯科沃罗达与其他文化文本对话的身份。普遍营养代码的再生产的特殊性在于这种再生产的对话形式,以及就内容而言-在与精神食物有关的营养的象征性理解。
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引用次数: 0
MUSEUM AND WAR. NOTES ON THE DESTINY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 博物馆和战争。关于文化遗产命运的注解
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283066
V. Levchenko, Nina I. Kovalova
The article is devoted to the studying of the dialectic of relations between such important social phenomena as war and museum. The features and problems of these relations at different epochs of human history are considered – the Ancient World, Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Modern era. The authors suggest the principle orientations in the attitude towards the cultural heritage of the Other – on the one hand, towards destruction, on the other – towards appropriation and absorption. The latter was aimed to depriving the enemy of its symbolic capital, neutralizing its sacred core. The article emphasizes the peculiarities of the existence of the museum activity and its socio-cultural functions in the context of various totalitarian regimes. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the transformation of the status and role of the museum in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
本文致力于研究战争与博物馆等重要社会现象之间的辩证关系。这些关系的特点和问题,在人类历史的不同时期被认为-古代世界,古代,中世纪和现代。作者提出了对待他者文化遗产的态度的主要取向——一方面是破坏,另一方面是占有和吸收。后者的目的是剥夺敌人的象征资本,中和其神圣的核心。文章强调了博物馆活动存在的特殊性及其在各种极权主义政权背景下的社会文化功能。主要关注的是分析博物馆在俄罗斯-乌克兰战争条件下的地位和作用的转变。
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引用次数: 0
METAMODERN TRAVELS: FROM IRONY TO META-IRONY 元现代旅行:从反讽到元反讽
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283061
A. Afanasiev, I. Vasilenko
The metamodern attempts to supplant the postmodern. It is characterized by a special understanding of irony. It is quite different from the total rigid irony of postmodernism.Irony has always existed. However, its character, types, and objects differed significantly. Voltaire’s irony in the New Age was not total. The supreme values of Reason and Enlightenment in the modern era were not subject to ridicule. For the postmodern there were no taboos, so irony became total, and ridicule of the values of modernity became harsh and destructive. However, the purifying positive character of such irony also took place. Metamodernism wants to revive the values and metanarratives of modern. It denies the rigid irony of the postmodern, but it does not abandon irony altogether.The irony of the metamodern is connected to a new sincerity. The author’s intention along the whole path of the oscillating interpretation is now hidden, now it is sincerely revealed. Such sincerity can be called circumspect. The reader or viewer has the opportunity to travel through various versions of his interpretation, from an accurate reading to an ironic allegory, all the way to a mockery of the irony presented. Irony accompanies the new sincerity all the way through the oscillation and plays with many shades. There is the absence of irony, simple irony, post-irony, and meta-irony.In the metamodern, irony becomes a cautious instrument of sparing criticism. It is a conscious choice of cultural figures, who tend to apply certain non-rigid types of irony and dose them, combining them with cautious sincerity. The contradictory combination of irony and sincerity fits into the paradigm of oscillation. With such irony, the metamodern tries not to traumatize anyone, not to impose assessments, and to let the individual sort out his or her own experience of the images and situations depicted.
元现代试图取代后现代。它的特点是对反讽的特殊理解。它与后现代主义完全僵化的反讽截然不同。讽刺总是存在的。然而,它的特征、类型和对象却有很大的不同。伏尔泰在新时代的讽刺并不是完全的。理性和启蒙的最高价值在现代并没有受到嘲笑。对于后现代来说,没有禁忌,所以讽刺变得完全,对现代性价值观的嘲笑变得残酷和具有破坏性。然而,这种反讽也具有净化的积极性质。元现代主义想要复兴现代人的价值观和元叙事。它否认后现代的严格的反讽,但它并没有完全抛弃反讽。元现代的讽刺与一种新的真诚联系在一起。作者的意图沿着整个振荡解释的路径,现在被隐藏起来,现在被真诚地揭示出来。这种真诚可以称为谨慎。读者或观众有机会穿越他的不同版本的解释,从准确的阅读到讽刺的寓言,一直到对所呈现的讽刺的嘲弄。反讽伴随着新的真诚一路振荡,玩弄着许多阴影。没有反讽、简单反讽、后反讽和元反讽。在元现代,反讽成为一种谨慎的工具,以避免批评。这是文化人物的一种有意识的选择,他们倾向于运用某些非刻板的讽刺类型,并将它们与谨慎的真诚相结合。反讽与真诚的矛盾结合符合振荡范式。带着这样的讽刺,元现代人试图不去伤害任何人,不去强加评价,而是让个人整理自己对所描绘的图像和情境的体验。
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引用次数: 0
IDEAS OF EUROPEAN ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE WORKS OF HRYHORIY SKOVORODA 斯科沃罗达作品中的欧洲启蒙思想
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.18524/2410-2601.2022.2(38).283058
M. Kashuba
The main ideas of European enlighteners, reflected in the works of Hryhoriy Skovoroda, are considered. We are talking about demands for freedom of personality, recognition of the equality of people based on natural law, anticlericalism, criticism of superstitions, rituals, declaration of art, in particular literature, as a bearer of moral virtues and an educator of morality. The European Enlightenment also affirmed the cult of reason and knowledge, faith in eternal progress based on the development of education and science, and the cult of a wise ruler – a philosopher on the throne. In the works of the Ukrainian philosopher, we observe his own, original interpretation of such ideas. Instead of the cult of reason as knowledge, Skovoroda preaches wisdom as prudence.Hryhoriy Skovoroda lived in the Enlightenment era, but only a few researchers regarded him as a figure of this era. The reason was his lack of interest in the achievements of science and worldly knowledge. The philosopher believed that the main thing for a person is self-knowledge, the disclosure of their inner nature in order to determine the predisposition to their related work, which will lead to happiness. However, his works reflect the main ideas of the European Enlightenment.
本文考虑了反映在斯科沃罗达作品中的欧洲启蒙者的主要思想。我们谈论的是对人格自由的要求,对基于自然法则的人的平等的承认,反教权主义,对迷信、仪式的批评,对艺术,特别是文学作为道德美德的载体和道德教育者的宣言。欧洲启蒙运动也肯定了对理性和知识的崇拜,对建立在教育和科学发展基础上的永恒进步的信仰,以及对英明统治者——王位上的哲学家的崇拜。在这位乌克兰哲学家的作品中,我们看到了他对这些思想的独到解读。斯科沃罗达没有把理性奉为知识,而是把智慧奉为审慎。斯科沃罗达生活在启蒙运动时代,但只有少数研究者认为他是这个时代的人物。原因是他对科学成就和世俗知识缺乏兴趣。这位哲学家认为,对一个人来说,最重要的是自我认识,揭示自己的内在本性,以确定对自己相关工作的倾向,这将导致幸福。然而,他的作品反映了欧洲启蒙运动的主要思想。
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引用次数: 0
Las fake news y su percepción por parte de los jóvenes españoles: el influjo de los factores sociodemográficos 西班牙年轻人对假新闻的看法:社会人口因素的影响
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.31921/doxacom.n36a1741
Bernardo Gómez Calderón, Alba Córdoba-Cabús, Álvaro López-Martín
Desde hace algo más de un lustro, las fake news se han convertido en un fenómeno global que incide de modo determinante en los flujos comunicativos mundiales. Dado que el canal prioritario a través del cual se difunden son las redes sociales, cabe pensar que los jóvenes, principales usuarios de estas aplicaciones, constituyen el colectivo más expuesto a ellas. En este trabajo se analiza, partiendo de un muestreo representativo de los individuos residentes en España de entre 15 y 24 años (n=1.068), la percepción que los jóvenes tienen de las fake news, atendiendo a la frecuencia con que las reciben, sus temáticas y fuentes más habituales y el modo en que se enfrentan a ellas, teniendo en cuenta cómo influyen en su recepción factores sociodemográficos como el sexo, la edad, el hábitat, la ideología o el nivel formativo. Entre otras constataciones, los resultados evidencian que cuanto mayor es la edad y el nivel formativo, mayores son las tasas de reconocimiento y verificación de noticias falsas; que es más habitual contrastar las informaciones entre los individuos que viven en grandes municipios; y que quienes se sitúan a la derecha del espectro ideológico verifican con menor frecuencia que el resto de jóvenes. 
在过去的五年里,假新闻已经成为一种全球现象,对全球传播流产生了决定性的影响。考虑到这些应用程序传播的主要渠道是社交网络,我们可以认为,这些应用程序的主要用户年轻人是最容易接触到这些应用程序的群体。在这个工作分析,从居民个人的代表性抽取15至24岁的西班牙(n = 1.068)的看法,年轻人举news,响应的接收频率,其主题和最常见的来源及如何面对他们,考虑如何影响其接收社会因素,如性别、年龄、生境、意识形态或受教育水平。在其他发现中,结果表明,年龄和教育水平越高,假新闻的识别和验证率越高;比较居住在大城市的个人之间的信息更为常见;那些在意识形态光谱中处于右翼的人比其他年轻人更不容易核实。
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引用次数: 1
Cobertura de la COVID-19 en la prensa de calidad. Cuando las portadas alarman y los editoriales tranquilizan 高质量媒体对COVID-19的报道。当封面惊慌失措,社论让人安心时
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.31921/doxacom.n36a1831
B. Salvador-Mata, S. Cortiñas-Rovira
El estado de excepción periodístico que se produce durante una crisis sanitaria se caracteriza por un incremento sustancial del número de noticias y una mayor probabilidad de cometer disfunciones periodísticas. Estas pueden aparecer de modo diferencial en función de la sección del periódico en el que se publican. En este trabajo se ha realizado un análisis de contenido inductivo de 124 portadas y 151 editoriales publicadas en los diarios El País, La Vanguardia, El Periódico y El Mundo entre el 17/04/2020 y el 17/05/2020. En el 26% de las portadas se han detectado disfunciones periodísticas de al menos uno de los 8 subtipos descritos por metodología inductiva. En el 14% de los editoriales se han encontrado disfunciones, la mayoría de entidad lingüística. Los editoriales suelen transmitir un mensaje de rigor, prudencia y sosiego. Se verifica el teorema periodístico que afirma que, en el curso de una crisis sanitaria grave, en los editoriales se encuentra la información periodística más veraz y tranquilizadora, en contraposición a las portadas, que tienden al alarmismo y al sensacionalismo. Se añade un corolario a este teorema: las disfunciones periodísticas en los editoriales se incrementan si se da en un contexto de polarización política.
在卫生危机期间发生的新闻紧急状态的特点是新闻报道数量大幅增加,发生新闻功能障碍的可能性增加。它们可能以不同的方式出现,这取决于它们出现在报纸的哪个部分。本文对2020年4月17日至2020年5月17日期间发表在《国家报》、《先锋报》、《El periodico》和《世界报》上的124篇头版和151篇社论进行了归纳内容分析。使用归纳方法描述的8个亚型中至少有一个出现了新闻功能障碍,这一比例为26%。14%的出版商发现了功能障碍,其中大多数是语言障碍。社论通常传达的信息是严谨、谨慎和冷静。在这篇文章中,我们发现了一种新闻理论,即在严重的健康危机中,社论是最真实、最令人安慰的新闻信息,而封面则倾向于危言耸听和耸人听闻。这一定理的一个推论是:在政治两极分化的背景下,社论中的新闻功能障碍会增加。
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引用次数: 2
La representación de la violencia sexual en las series de ficción: el caso de I May Destroy You (HBO, 2020) 小说系列中对性暴力的描述:我可能摧毁你的案例(HBO, 2020)
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.31921/doxacom.n36a1752
Sara González-Fernández
En este trabajo se analizan los actos de violencia sexual de la miniserie I Can Destroy You (HBO, 2020) con el fin de conocer qué tratamiento se hace en la ficción de ellos y de identificar los principales rasgos definitorios de su representación desde tres grandes perspectivas: los personajes implicados (agresor y víctima), el acto de violencia sexual acometido y las consecuencias de dicho acto para la víctima. Para ello, se recurre a una metodología centrada en el análisis de contenido y, a partir de una ficha de análisis, se registran y se categorizan los datos para su posterior análisis e interpretación. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que la representación de la violencia sexual se hace desde una perspectiva feminista, alejada de estereotipos que contribuyan a perpetuar la mirada hegemónica masculina y que cuenta con una visión divulgativa que pretende educar la mirada del espectador en materia de consentimiento y libertad sexual.
在此基础上分析了性暴力行为miniserie I Can Destroy You (HBO), 2020年哪些治疗是在他们的小说,查明主要界定特征代表三大角度:涉及到的人物(侵略者和受害者),性暴力行为acometido和行为后果的受害者。为了实现这一目标,我们采用了一种专注于内容分析的方法,并从分析表中记录和分类数据,以便进一步分析和解释。结果表明,性暴力的代表性从女权角度来看,远离了有助于延续着霸权男性的刻板印象和拥有一个视力divulgativa寻求教育方面同意和观众的目光性自由。
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引用次数: 0
Niños, adolescentes y jóvenes: Tendencias en comunicación y consumo [Presentación del monográfico] 儿童、青少年和青年:传播和消费趋势[专题介绍]
IF 0.6 Q4 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.31921/doxacom.n36a1869
M. Viñarás Abad, Carmen Llorente Barroso, María Sánchez Valle
Este monográfico invita a profundizar en la relación que establecen las marcas con niños, adolescentes y jóvenes, tanto a través del consumo de sus productos y servicios, como de la comunicación que establecen con ellos. El tema resulta de gran interés hoy en día, dado que este grupo de edad nunca había ejercido una influencia tan relevante en las compras familiares, convirtiendose en prescriptores  y tomando decisiones en las que antes apenas participaban. Esta situación se refleja en las estrategias de las marcas, que asumen una gran responsabilidad al dirigirse a un público vulnerable. Este  monográfico recoge aquellas investigaciones que ahondan y reflexionan sobre la evolución del consumo infantil y juvenil, considerando las tendencias de las marcas y, especialmente, sus políticas de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC); observando todas estas estrategias, prácticas y acciones con espíritu crítico. Desde esta perspectiva se han recogido aquellas propuestas que han tenido en consideración el impacto que en el consumo infantil y adolescente tienen los medios e influencers, la tecnología, el cambio climático, la legislación, la exclusión social y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS).  Una muestra de la inquietud de la Academia por una gestión responsable de la comunicación, especialmente dirigida a públicos vulnerables.
本专著邀请加深品牌与儿童、青少年和年轻人之间的关系,包括通过他们的产品和服务的消费,以及他们与他们建立的沟通。这一主题在今天引起了极大的兴趣,因为这一年龄组从未对家庭购买产生如此重大的影响,成为处方者,并作出以前很少参与的决定。这种情况反映在品牌的战略上,它们承担着针对弱势受众的重大责任。本专著收集了那些深入和反思儿童和青少年消费演变的研究,考虑到品牌趋势,特别是其企业社会责任(csr)政策;以批判的精神观察所有这些策略、实践和行动。从这一角度出发,我们收集了考虑到媒体和影响者、技术、气候变化、立法、社会排斥和可持续发展目标对儿童和青少年消费的影响的建议。这表明了学术界对负责任的沟通管理的关注,特别是针对弱势受众。
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引用次数: 0
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Doxa Comunicacion
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