Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.2.16
Dmitry Tsyganov
The present review focuses on the third volume of the collective study Reading Russia: A History of Reading in Modern Russia and aims at analyzing the methods of studying reading practices proposed in the aforementioned publication. The articles included in the peer-reviewed volume are studied in detail against the background of previously published scholarly literature on the history of reading, as well as in relation to archival and previously (un)published materials that have so escaped researchers’ attention. The broad historical and literary material shows that the «narratives» proposed in the reviewed volume do not present a full-fledged history of reading practices, but describe only individual disparate reading strategies of typologically different readers. The forms of institutionalization of reading in the USSR that were left out are sometimes much more important in the context of transformations in reading practices than the total collection of the «cases» offered in the volume. At the same time, the case study review offers an opportunity to talk about ‘the reader of the 20th century’ as a special institution of Soviet culture. This is why much of the review presents an attempt to find other principles and strategies of analysis on which the history of reading in the «small twentieth century» can be based. The article offers a sociological portrait of the average reader, whose main features were formed during the Stalinist era and remained unchanged throughout the previous century. These features have existed in the same form for almost a quarter of the present century. The material that has been excluded from the present research can be divided into three groups: facts that characterize the Soviet state of affairs; information about the most important forms of institutionalized reading in the USSR-specific cultural environment; information concerning aesthetic and economic aspects of the book. A detailed commentary on each of these groups is intended to supplement and elaborate on the authors' concept. Along with the analysis of archival documents, we draw on materials from the funds of various public organizations and bodies, as well as periodicals, published memoirs, diaries and other materials available to us.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.2.6
K. Lappo-Danilevskii
The paper reconstructs the biography of Andrei Aleksandrovich Teil’s (1782–1822), the author of “Hercules and Daianira”, a tragedy in аlexandrine verse (1807). He is attributed various sentimental poems and translations from French that were published in the journals “Ippokrena” (1799), “Litsei” (1806), “Novosti” (1799), “Novosti russkoi literatury” (1803), “Severnyi vestnik” (1805) and “Severnyi Merkurii” (1811). These publications were signed “A. de Teil’s”, “An. Teil’s”, “An: Teil’s”, “A. Teil’s”, “Teil’s” and until now have been erroneously considered to be the work of Anton Antonovich Teil’s (1733 — after 1798), the uncle of Andrei Aleksandrovich. It has not been noticed that at one point the author revealed his identity by putting the name “Andrei Teil’s” under a poetic translation from Voltaire in “Litsei” (1806). References made in “Puteshestvie v Norvegiiu odnogo molodogo cheloveka v 1801 godu” [A Young Man’s Journey to Norway in 1801] (published in “Severnyi Merkurii” [The Northern Mercury] in 1811; signed A. Teil’s) to the anonymous “Puteshestvie v Shvetsiiu” [A Journey to Sweden] (1811; published after the last part of “Puteshestvie v Norvegiiu odnogo molodogo cheloveka v 1801 godu” in the same journal) indicate clearly that both of these travelogues were written by Andrei Aleksandrovich Teil’s. Furthermore, the travel routes described therein coincide with two trips he took in 1800 and 1801, as can be seen in his curriculum vitae in the Russian State Naval Archive. Closely connected with these texts is the “Idilliia na vozvrashchenie iz Norvegii druga moego A. A. T..lsa v 800-m godu oktiabria 29 dnia” [Idyll on the Return from Norway of My Friend A. A. T..ls on 29 October 1800], published in 1810 in the same review and signed with the cryptonym “P - r U - - ov”. In this case, it is highly probable that the author was Petr Aleksandrovich Ushakov (1783 — after 1804), a classmate of Andrei Aleksandrovich Teil’s at the navy cadet school and a close relative of the famous writer Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radishchev (1749–1802).
本文重建了安德烈·亚历山德罗维奇·泰伊尔(1782-1822)的传记，他是一部用亚历山大诗体创作的悲剧《赫拉克勒斯与黛阿尼拉》的作者。他的多首感情诗和法语译作发表在《Ippokrena》(1799年)、《Litsei》(1806年)、《Novosti》(1799年)、《Novosti russkoi literature》(1803年)、《Severnyi vestnik》(1805年)和《Severnyi Merkurii》(1811年)等期刊上。这些出版物的署名是“A”。德·泰尔的”，“安。“Teil’s”，“An: Teil’s”，“A”。直到现在，人们都错误地认为是安东·安东诺维奇·泰伊(1733 - 1798年后)的作品，他是安德烈·亚历山德罗维奇的叔叔。没有人注意到，作者曾一度在伏尔泰的《Litsei》(1806)的诗歌翻译下加上“Andrei Teil’s”这个名字，从而暴露了自己的身份。参考文献为《Puteshestvie v Norvegiiu odnogo molodogo cheloveka v 1801 godu》(1811年发表于《北方水星报》);署名A.泰伊尔)写给匿名的《瑞典之旅》(1811年;在《Puteshestvie v Norvegiiu odnogo molodogo cheloveka v 1801 godu》的最后一部分发表在同一杂志上)清楚地表明，这两本游记都是安德烈·亚历山德罗维奇·泰伊写的。此外，书中描述的旅行路线与他在1800年和1801年的两次旅行相吻合，这可以从他在俄罗斯国家海军档案馆的简历中看到。与这些文本密切相关的是“Idilliia na vozvrashchenie iz Norvegii druga moego A. A. T. lsa v 800-m godu oktiabria 29 dnia”[我的朋友A. A. T. ls于1800年10月29日从挪威归来的田园歌曲]，于1810年发表在同一篇评论中，署名为“P - r U - - ov”。在这种情况下，作者很可能是彼得·亚历山德罗维奇·乌沙科夫(1783 - 1804年后)，他是安德烈·亚历山德罗维奇·泰伊在海军军校的同学，也是著名作家亚历山大·尼古拉耶维奇·拉迪舍夫(1749-1802)的近亲。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2021.11.2.2
Petr S. Stefanovich
The author of the article gives a detailed analysis of the entry of 1136 of the Novgorod First Chronicle. The chronicle describes how the Novgorodians assembled for a veche and made a crucial political decision—they banished the prince Vsevolod, brother of the ruling Kievan prince, and invited the prince Svyatoslav, who belonged to the competing clan of the Chernigov Riurikids. The author concludes that the entry was composed by two chroniclers—one who had worked under the Vsevolod’s rule, and the other one who continued working on the chronicle under the patronage of the Novgorod bishop Nifont since 1136. Based on the textual critics, the author explains several historical facts anew. He joins the opinion that the substitution of the princes in 1136 was indeed a milestone in formation of the republican system in medieval Novgorod. However, he shows that the break of Novgorod from Kiev turned out to be a complicated and painful experience. Bishop Nifont played a crucial role in the events of 1136 in Novgorod.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.11
N. Logvinova
This paper is a corpus-based study of Slavic appositional constructions. Out of material taken from seven Slavic languages, two aspects of the morphosyntax of close appositions in Slavic are considered: case concord and definiteness marking. The first section of the paper considers the factors that affect case concord in appositions in Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Czech, Polish, Croatian, and Slovenian. Based on the data of the corpora it is shown that in all seven languages, inherent plurality and frequency of proper names significantly affect the probability of concord being present. Moreover, it is shown that the likelihood of concord differs across cases, and almost all languages considered follow the case hierarchy GEN>DAT>LOC>INS. The second portion of the paper considers definiteness marking in Bulgarian and Macedonian appositional constructions. Based on the obtained data, it is argued that appositions with different lexemes can have different syntactic structures in these languages.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.2.1
Jitka Komendová
The study aims to determine the way in which the extraordinary natural phenomena, including exceptional astronomical or meteorological ones, natural disasters, etc., are reflected in East Slavic and Czech historiography of the 12th and 13th centuries. The analysis of such reports shows that there are fundamental differences in the frequency of these reports and their interpretation depending on the local tradition and the historical genre. While minimal attention is paid to these topics in historical records of Hungary and Poland, historiographical works of medieval Bohemia not only capture a wealth of data on astronomical and meteorological phenomena, but also reflect a diverse range of attitudes to the meaning of recording extraordinary natural phenomena. The way of reflection of these phenomena was given both by the overall intention of the work and by the individual interest of a particular author. The oldest historiographical texts of Old Rus’ shared a strong belief that extraordinary astronomical and meteorological phenomena represent one of the codes by which God communicates with mankind. The recording of such phenomena therefore served as a tool to understand the moral qualities of the human race, the meaning of history, the relationship between man and God. In East Slavic and Czech medieval historiography, the recording of extraordinary natural phenomena strengthens the chronological structure of interpretation, as both of these historiographical traditions emphasize absolute chronology as the basic principle of narration. While in Czech historiography the records of exceptional natural phenomena indicate the relationship between the present and the past, Old Russian chronicles understand extraordinary natural phenomena as a kind of visible, illustrative link between the past, present and future.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.2.10
Irina Pekunova
The article considers various types of accent curves among underived substantives belonging to the accentual paradigm c in South Slavic medieval manuscripts. Three main non-trivial evolutional types of historically end-stressed forms are observed: 1) the «anti-enclinomenal» type α with substitution of end stress with stem stress in phonetically disyllabic groups and preservation of end stress in other positions (GSg гла́вы — ѹ главы̀ — свободы̀); 2) the “new-enclinomenal” type β with conversion of historically end-stressed disyllabic word forms to enclinomena and preservation of the end-stressed forms of polysyllabic stems (NAPl срь́дца — на́ срьдца — тѣлеса̀) and 3) the type γ/δ with new penultimate stress in polysyllabic stems (слове́си) or even in any position (LSg плъ́ти — въ плъ́ти — слове́си — въ слове́си). Hereby the evolution of type β preserves the set of various accent contours of common-slavic a.p. c, although the accent curve itself may be modified. The evolutions of other types change not only the accent curve but also the set of accent contours represented in a.p. c paradigms.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.15
V. Tomelleri
Il presente contributo è dedicato alla cara memoria di due eminenti studiosi tedeschi, Eckhard Weiher (1939) e Hans Rothe (1928), entrambi deceduti nel 2021. Oltre al medesimo anno di morte, questi due rappresentanti di una gloriosa scuola di studi paleoslavistici, fiorita nel XX secolo in Germania, sono legati da diversi aspetti, di carattere sia biografico che professionale: entrambi infatti erano nati nella Prussia Orientale, da cui le loro famiglie furono costrette ad evacuare alla fine della Seconda guerra mondiale; entrambi ricevettero in Germania Occidentale una formazione classica, che permise loro di indagare la tradizione scrittoria paleoslava con costante riferimento alle fonti greche e latine; entrambi furono particolarmente interessati alle traduzioni, giustamente considerate componente essenziale della letteratura e cultura slava medievale; entrambi promossero e diressero varie imprese scientifiche ed editoriali: i loro progetti a lungo termine, in collaborazione con la Russia – sulle Grandi Menee, raccolte da metropolita di Mosca Macario nel XVI secolo (Weiher), o sul Meneo liturgico secondo codici manoscritti slavo-orientali del secoli XII-XIII (Rothe) – hanno rappresentato senza dubbio un’ambiziosa e riuscita continuazione delle tradizione russa prerivoluzionaria. Nel tentativo di caratterizzare l’importanza e l’impatto del loro lavoro scientifico, l’articolo fornisce una panoramica breve e un po’ personale di alcune delle molteplici sfaccettature di queste due personalità così differenti, ma anche simili, la cui attività resterà a lungo di esempio nelle future ricerche slavistiche.
{"title":"Ricordo di Eckhard Weiher e Hans Rothe","authors":"V. Tomelleri","doi":"10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Il presente contributo è dedicato alla cara memoria di due eminenti studiosi tedeschi, Eckhard Weiher (1939) e Hans Rothe (1928), entrambi deceduti nel 2021. Oltre al medesimo anno di morte, questi due rappresentanti di una gloriosa scuola di studi paleoslavistici, fiorita nel XX secolo in Germania, sono legati da diversi aspetti, di carattere sia biografico che professionale: entrambi infatti erano nati nella Prussia Orientale, da cui le loro famiglie furono costrette ad evacuare alla fine della Seconda guerra mondiale; entrambi ricevettero in Germania Occidentale una formazione classica, che permise loro di indagare la tradizione scrittoria paleoslava con costante riferimento alle fonti greche e latine; entrambi furono particolarmente interessati alle traduzioni, giustamente considerate componente essenziale della letteratura e cultura slava medievale; entrambi promossero e diressero varie imprese scientifiche ed editoriali: i loro progetti a lungo termine, in collaborazione con la Russia – sulle Grandi Menee, raccolte da metropolita di Mosca Macario nel XVI secolo (Weiher), o sul Meneo liturgico secondo codici manoscritti slavo-orientali del secoli XII-XIII (Rothe) – hanno rappresentato senza dubbio un’ambiziosa e riuscita continuazione delle tradizione russa prerivoluzionaria. Nel tentativo di caratterizzare l’importanza e l’impatto del loro lavoro scientifico, l’articolo fornisce una panoramica breve e un po’ personale di alcune delle molteplici sfaccettature di queste due personalità così differenti, ma anche simili, la cui attività resterà a lungo di esempio nelle future ricerche slavistiche.","PeriodicalId":42189,"journal":{"name":"Slovene-International Journal of Slavic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.2
A. Kurbanov, Lydia Spyridonova
In modern research, as well as in everyday practice, there is a general confusion about the name and the shape of the analabos, one of the original elements of the Byzantine monastic habit. Thus, slavists and archaeologists use this term as an equivalent of the paramand (which is different from the Byzantine paramand in shape and use); byzantinists and art historians see it as an equivalent of the Latin scapular, that is, in fact, an extension of the Byzantine cowl, which we can always see in traditional representations of holy monks. The variety of names and the interpretation of the terms for this attribute is far from clear. Information about the analabos’ original shape can be obtained from early monastic texts, Byzantine literature, Old Russian literature, liturgical monuments, artistic representations of saints in illuminated manuscripts and finds from excavations of Russian monastic tombs. Our analysis reveals the characteristic forms and functions of the analabos at different times, both in the Greek world and in the Slavonic world, and also shows the reasons for the terminological confusion.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.2.12
A. Vvedenskiy
The article is devoted to the issue of the seniority of the sons of the Polotsk prince Vseslav Bryachislavich. The article hypothesizes that Vseslav Bryachislavich named his eldest sons in honor of Boris and Gleb—the sons of prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich. Boris and Gleb Vladimirovich had not only dynastic names, but also baptismal names—Roman and Davyd. Vseslav Bryachislavich named his first two sons the dynastic names of the Vladimirovichs (Boris, Gleb), and the third and fourth—their baptismal names (Roman, Davyd). The article also hypothesizes that Vseslav Bryachislavich did not have a son named Rogvolod. All chronicle contexts in which researchers tend to see Vseslav's son with that name refer to Vseslav's grandson, Rogvolod Borisovich.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.7
M. Korzo
Kasijan Sakovyč (сa. 1578–1647) can rightfully be attributed to one of the most educated representatives of both Orthodox and Uniate monasticism in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of the first third of the 17th century. Kasijan’s diversity in terms of literary genres reflects his wide knowledge. Thus, his polemical treatises against the Orthodox Church and, partly, against the Uniates, echoed the events of his personal biography: after 1625, Sakovyč converted from Orthodox Christianity to the Uniate Church; in 1640, he became a Catholic. Two textbooks (compilations from Pseudo-Aristoteles) were partly related to his teaching activity and rectorship at Kyiv Brotherhood school. A rhymed funeral eulogy for the Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks, Petro Sahaidachny, testifies to Kasijan’s poetic talents. The present article aims to investigate Sakovyč’s writings as a means to reconstruct his personal “resource” or texts or books that he read and used in his literary activity. Two prefaces by Kasijan (a dedication to the nobleman Aleksander Zasławski and an appeal to the ‘pious reader’) are used for this case study, both written for “Desiderosus, abo Scieszka do miłości Bożey” (Desiderosus or a Path to God’s Love) (Kraków, 1625). The work is a Polish translation of an anonymous Spanish treatise ca. 1515, which was prepared by Kasper Wilkowski (died after 1589) and published three times during the late 16th century. Attributing Latin phrases, maxims, quotations, and references to historical figures and works, visual images, etc., that are used in both prefaces, allows one to suggest what books were known and available to Sakovyč and could have been the source of his erudition.
卡西扬·萨科维耶什(1578-1647)可以理所当然地归功于17世纪前三分之一波兰立陶宛联邦中东正教和统一修道主义中最受教育的代表之一。卡西詹文学体裁的多样性反映了他的广博知识。因此，他的论战性论文反对东正教，部分反对联合教会，呼应了他个人传记中的事件:1625年之后，萨科维茨从东正教皈依了联合教会;1640年，他成为天主教徒。两本教科书(来自伪亚里士多德的汇编)部分与他在基辅兄弟会学校的教学活动和校长职务有关。为扎波罗热哥萨克酋长彼得罗·萨哈达奇尼(Petro Sahaidachny)写的押韵葬礼悼词证明了卡西扬的诗歌才能。本文的目的是研究萨科维茨的写作作为一种手段来重建他的个人“资源”，即他在文学活动中阅读和使用的文本或书籍。本案例研究使用了卡西扬的两篇序言(献给贵族亚历山大Zasławski和对“虔诚读者”的呼吁)，这两篇序言都是为《狄西德罗苏斯，abo Scieszka do miłości Bożey》(狄西德罗苏斯或通往上帝之爱的道路)(Kraków, 1625)写的。这部作品是卡斯帕·威尔科夫斯基(1589年后去世)在16世纪后期出版了三次，将1515年左右的一篇不知名的西班牙论文翻译成波兰语。在这两篇序言中都使用了拉丁短语、格言、语录、历史人物和作品的参考文献、视觉图像等，这使人们可以推测出哪些书是已知的，哪些书是他博学的来源。
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