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EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESECRATION: AN ECOCRITICAL READING OF KAINE AGARY’S YELLOW YELLOW 环境亵渎的影响:凯恩·阿加里的《黄色》的生态批判解读
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9308
Samuel B. Adewumi
No doubt, numerous scholars have carried researches out on Nigeria’s squalid state after her independence. The focus of many of these studies range from investigating many of the topical issues that have come to define the country— from war, economy, to politicking. However, not many scholars have paid the enough attention to the ecological concerns of Nigerians. This paper, therefore, examines Kaine Agary’s Yellow Yellow as a testament to the environmental mindfulness of Kaine Agary, Nigerian novelists. The choice of this text is informed by the fact that there is a dearth of serious scholarly research on the novel. Using the theory of Ecocriticism, this study finds out that the author, Agary, is not unaware of the ecological implications of man’s exploitative tendencies on earth’s resources. In fact, he uses his work to berate these forces that promote the unchecked desecration of the mother earth, using the Niger Delta region of Nigeria as a case study.
毫无疑问,许多学者对尼日利亚独立后的肮脏状态进行了研究。这些研究的重点从调查许多已经定义了这个国家的话题问题——从战争、经济到政治。然而,对尼日利亚人的生态问题给予足够重视的学者并不多。因此,本文考察了凯恩·阿加里的《黄色的黄色》作为尼日利亚小说家凯恩·阿加里环境意识的证明。之所以选择这篇文章,是因为对这部小说缺乏严肃的学术研究。本研究运用生态批评理论,发现作者Agary并非没有意识到人类对地球资源的开发倾向所带来的生态影响。事实上,他以尼日利亚的尼日尔三角洲地区为例,用他的作品来谴责那些助长对地球母亲肆意亵渎的势力。
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引用次数: 0
MELANCHOLIA AND PESSIMISM IN SOME OF THOMAS HARDY’S POEMS 托马斯·哈代诗歌中的忧郁与悲观
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9113
Dr. Norah Hadi Q. Alsaeed
Thomas Hardy is one of the poets of the nineteenth century and a pioneer of the twentieth century’s poetics. More than two thirds of his poems dealt with many topics that are not absent, as they fluctuate between frustration, pessimism, loss, pain, death and life. One of the poet's creations, the unidentified speaker used it to express his point of view about life, death, despair, and other beautiful negative topics. These works require a lot of research and study to decipher the cause of the despair and depression that clouded the works of the poet Thomas Hardy. Despite the pessimistic view of life in many of his poems, it is, from the critics' point of view, attractive in its presentation. Where his pessimism is not considered a disease, but rather a point of view worthy of study and analysis. This paper will shed light mainly on the seeds of the poet’s pessimism and how he presents the literary pessimism in a very attractive literary device.
托马斯·哈代是十九世纪的诗人之一,也是二十世纪诗学的先驱。他三分之二以上的诗歌涉及了许多并非缺席的主题,因为它们在挫折,悲观,失落,痛苦,死亡和生活之间波动。这是诗人的创作之一,这位身份不明的演讲者用它来表达他对生命、死亡、绝望和其他美丽消极话题的看法。这些作品需要大量的研究和研究,以破译笼罩在诗人托马斯·哈代作品中的绝望和沮丧的原因。尽管他的许多诗对生活持悲观态度,但从评论家的角度来看,它的表达方式很有吸引力。在这里,他的悲观主义不是一种疾病,而是一种值得研究和分析的观点。本文将主要揭示诗人悲观主义的种子,以及他如何以一种非常有吸引力的文学手段来表现文学悲观主义。
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引用次数: 0
ENHANCING COMMUNICATIVE & LSRW SKILLS TO THE STUDENTS OF RURAL BACKGROUND AT UNDER-GRADUATE LEVEL: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE 提高本科阶段农村背景学生的交际和LSRW技能:一个批判的视角
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9403
Khader Be
The classical assumption that academic knowledge is an end in itself had undergone a tremendous change in the present global scenario where proficiency in spoken and written forms of English has acquired enormous importance. The market is always gutted with people possessing knowledge in medicine, engineering, architecture, accountancy etc. But the person who has knowledge plus ability to express his ideas coherently and undoubtedly is headed for higher success rate. We hear the fashionable rate phrase good communication skills widely bandied about these days. The art of communication has become a sine qua non for success in every sphere of life. Without good communication skills, one cannot function effectively, whether as a housewife or businessman, office secretary or club secretary, employee or employer, information hunter or bargain hunter, colleague or friend.
学术知识本身就是目的的传统假设在当今的全球形势下发生了巨大的变化,英语口语和书面形式的熟练程度已经变得非常重要。市场上总是充斥着拥有医学、工程、建筑、会计等知识的人。而那些拥有知识和表达能力的人无疑会获得更高的成功率。近来,我们经常听到一个时髦的短语——良好的沟通能力。沟通的艺术已经成为在生活的各个领域取得成功的必要条件。没有良好的沟通技巧,一个人就不能有效地工作,无论是家庭主妇还是商人,办公室秘书还是俱乐部秘书,雇员还是雇主,信息猎手还是便宜货猎手,同事还是朋友。
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引用次数: 0
QUESTIONING NOVELTY IN LITERATURE: MAHASWETA DEVI 质疑文学中的新奇性:mahasweta devi
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9116
Dr Bhaskor Chandra Dutta
Mahasweta Devi enlightens the literature of the downtrodden people. She thinks that the history of India should be re-written. It is only the history of the people from the main stream of the society. The new history should be written focusing on the backward people. Throughout her life she makes documentation for the tribal people in her writings and activism. She writes and fights for the establishment of the rights for the Indian subaltern people. She thinks writing in a novel way. She dreams of a new society - a society for the underprivileged society.
马哈威塔·德维启发了受压迫人民的文学。她认为印度的历史应该重写。它只是来自社会主流的人的历史。新的历史应该以落后民族为中心书写。在她的一生中,她在她的作品和行动中为部落人民做了记录。她为建立印度次等人民的权利而写作和斗争。她认为写作是一种新颖的方式。她梦想着一个新社会——一个为弱势群体服务的社会。
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引用次数: 0
CONSONANTAL SYSTEM OF SHERPA 夏尔巴人的辅音系统
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9101
Mustafizur Rahman, Prof. S. Ganesh Baskaran
The present study “Consonantal system of Sherpa” discusses the Sherpas of Sikkim mainly settled in South and West District. According to the Census of India 2001, the total speaker of Sherpa in Sikkim is 13,922. However, Denzong Sherpa Association claims that the population of Sherpa is more than 65,000 out of which more than 32,000 people speak their Mother Tongue in their native environment particularly in the home domain. Linguistically, Robert Shafer has divided Tibeto-Burman into four main groups: Bodic, Baric, Burmic and Karenic. According to Shafer, Sherpa belongs to the Central Unit of the Bodish Section within the Bodic Sub-division of Sino-Tibetan. The present paper attempts to describe the Consonantal system of Sherpa. Sherpa has twenty six (26) consonantal sounds. It has fourteen stops i.e., /p, pʰ, b, t, tʰ, d, ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ, c, cʰ, k, kʰ, ɡ/, four nasals /m, n, ɲ, ŋ/, four fricatives /s, ʃ, ʒ, h/ one lateral /l/one trill /r/ and two semi-vowels; bilabial semi-vowel /w/ and palatal semi-vowel /j/. Consonant combination in Sherpa can be classified into two categories these are: (i) consonant cluster (ii) consonant sequence. Sherpa has initial and medial consonant clusters that occur within the syllabic boundary. Sherpa has a wide variety of consonant sequences. Gemination, Homorganic and Contagious are the Consonant sequences found in Sherpa Language.
本文以“夏尔巴人的辅音系统”为研究对象,探讨了主要居住在锡金南部和西部地区的夏尔巴人。根据2001年印度人口普查,锡金夏尔巴语的使用者总数为13922人。然而,登宗夏尔巴人协会声称,夏尔巴人的人口超过65,000,其中超过32,000人在他们的母语环境中说母语,特别是在家乡。在语言学上,罗伯特·谢弗将藏缅语分为四个主要族群:博迪语、巴里克语、缅甸语和克伦尼克语。根据谢弗的说法,夏尔巴人属于汉藏藏语系博迪支的博迪支中央部。本文试图描述夏尔巴人的辅音系统。夏尔巴语有26个辅音。它有14个顿音,即/p, p k, b, t, t k, d, h/, h/, h/, p /, p /, k /, k /, c /, c /, k /, k /,四个鼻音/m, n, k /, k /,四个摩擦音/s, h/, h/一个侧音/l/一个颤音/r/和两个半元音;双舌半元音/w/和腭半元音/j/。夏尔巴语的辅音组合可分为两类:(1)辅音簇(2)辅音序列。夏尔巴语有出现在音节边界内的起始辅音团和中间辅音团。夏尔巴人有各种各样的辅音序列。双生音、同构音和传染音是夏尔巴语的辅音序列。
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引用次数: 0
ANALYSING THE ANTISEMITIC CONSTRUCT OF FAGIN THROUGH THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING OF STEREOTYPES 从刻板印象的心理功能分析费金的反犹主义建构
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9201
Tanya Singh
Fagin in Dickens’ Oliver Twist unveils the English literary tradition and social reality of London Street Jews revealing antisemitism as a part of the Victorian culture. To create an archetypal supervillain who endangers the life of innocent juveniles, Dickens borrows from the antisemitic literary customs of his time to create a villainous character approved and hated; a Jew. Fagin’s exaggerated characterisation is modelled on medieval antisemitism and is reflective of Dickens’ antisemitic ideology and the then social reality of Jews living on London Streets. Dickens accepts and reflects on the antisemitism of his age to establish a Jew as the immutable villain of the London society. This paper critiques the antisemitic unconscious of Dickens reflected through the character of Fagin and further analyses his method of creation impregnated with elements of literary and traditional antisemitism for his villainous portrayal.
费金在狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》中揭示了英国文学传统和伦敦街头犹太人的社会现实,揭示了反犹主义作为维多利亚文化的一部分。为了塑造一个危害无辜青少年生命的超级反派原型,狄更斯借鉴了他那个时代的反犹文学习俗,塑造了一个既被认可又被憎恨的反派角色;一个犹太人。费金夸张的人物塑造以中世纪的反犹主义为原型,反映了狄更斯的反犹主义思想和当时生活在伦敦街头的犹太人的社会现实。狄更斯接受并反思了他那个时代的反犹主义,将犹太人塑造成伦敦社会中不可改变的恶棍。本文通过费金这一人物形象批判了狄更斯的反犹无意识,并进一步分析了其充满文学和传统反犹主义元素的创作手法。
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引用次数: 0
MARITAL MALADJUSTMENT AND DISPOSITION IN ANITA DESAI’S ‘BYE-BYE BLACK BIRD’ 安妮塔·德赛《再见黑鸟》中的婚姻失调与性格
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9212
A. Kiranmayee, P. Padmavathi
Literature is one of the most prevailing and ancient ways of understanding life as well as the world. Especially women and literature are clearly related to each other because women writings revealed the true state of society and its treatment of women. Unlike other writers Anita Desai didn't use conventional and not influenced by folk tales, myths and epics but presented her novels in realistic manner by adapting current problems related to woman-man relationship, cultural conflicts, disposition, mangled psyche and marital maladjustment. Bye- Bye Black bird is such a novel. The story deals with two main characters Dev and Adit in London. Adit an Anglophile turns into a hopeless nostalgic returnee and Dev an Anglophobe turns into a hopeful Anglicized inhabitant of London. Sarah, an English woman, moves away from her parents and marries Adit. The Conflict idea between the Indianess of Adit and Sarah’s own Western self runs in her mind throughout the novel. This paper mainly aims to analyze marital maladjustment in Anita Desai’s Bye- Bye Black Bird."
文学是理解生活和世界的最普遍、最古老的方式之一。尤其是女性与文学之间有着明显的联系,因为女性的作品揭示了社会的真实状态及其对女性的待遇。与其他作家不同的是,安妮塔·德赛没有使用传统的手法,也没有受到民间故事、神话和史诗的影响,而是以现实主义的方式呈现她的小说,改编了当今男女关系、文化冲突、性格、心灵破碎和婚姻失调等问题。《再见,黑鸟》就是这样一部小说。故事讲述的是两个主角戴夫和阿迪特在伦敦的故事。Adit变成了一个绝望的怀旧海归,Dev变成了一个充满希望的英国化的伦敦居民。萨拉,一个英国女人,离开了她的父母,嫁给了阿迪特。在整部小说中,印度人阿迪特和莎拉的西方自我之间的冲突一直萦绕在她的脑海中。本文主要分析了安妮塔·德赛《再见,黑鸟》中的婚姻失调现象。
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引用次数: 0
SOCIETAL OPPRESSION: A STUDY OF ARUNDATI ROY’S THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS 社会压迫:阿兰达蒂·罗伊的小事物之神研究
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9117
Dr. Amara Rama Devi
The God of Small Things throws light upon hierarchical structures of power, and oppression at various levels in patriarchal societies. Arundati Roy explores how these differences of caste, gender and race, function through social institutions and the way they affect human interactions and relationships. In this paper, an attempt is made to show how the novel highlights the interrelationships of all power structures to shape society. The “Big Things” – the things in power, indicating in the end that the God of small things is an absent god, a god of loss.The God of Small Things throws light upon hierarchical structures of power, and oppression at various levels in patriarchal societies. Arundati Roy explores how these differences of caste, gender and race, function through social institutions and the way they affect human interactions and relationships. In this paper, an attempt is made to show how the novel highlights the interrelationships of all power structures to shape society. The “Big Things” – the things in power, indicating in the end that the God of small things is an absent god, a god of loss.
《小事物之神》揭示了父权社会中权力的等级结构和不同层次的压迫。阿伦达蒂·罗伊探讨了种姓、性别和种族的这些差异如何通过社会制度发挥作用,以及它们如何影响人类的互动和关系。在本文中,试图表明小说如何突出所有权力结构的相互关系,以塑造社会。“大事物”——掌权的事物,最终表明小事物之神是一个缺席的神,一个失落的神。《小事物之神》揭示了父权社会中权力的等级结构和不同层次的压迫。阿伦达蒂·罗伊探讨了种姓、性别和种族的这些差异如何通过社会制度发挥作用,以及它们如何影响人类的互动和关系。在本文中,试图表明小说如何突出所有权力结构的相互关系,以塑造社会。“大事物”——掌权的事物,最终表明小事物之神是一个缺席的神,一个失落的神。
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引用次数: 0
KIRAN DESAI’S PRESENTATION OF THE CHARACTERS FROM DIASPORIC PERSPECTIVE IN THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS 基兰·德赛从流散的视角呈现的人物在传承上的失落
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9306
Kalpana Rani Kalapala, Dr.E. Bhavani
The Inheritance of Loss requires background information on two major historical movements in India. The first is British colonial rule in India and eventual Indian independence. At the end of the 16th century, the British aimed to challenge the Portuguese monopoly of trade with Asia. The British East India Company was chartered to carry on the spice trade. In the mid18th century, the British forces, whose duty until then consisted of protecting Company property, teamed up with the commander in chief of the Bengali army, Mir Jafar, to overthrow the leader of Bengal. Jafar was then installed on the throne as a British subservient ruler. The British then realized their strength and potential for conquering smaller Indian kingdoms, and by the mid-19th century, they had gained direct or indirect control over all of present-day India. In 1857, the Indian Rebellion of 1857 took place in an attempt to resist the company’s control of India. The British defeated the rebellion, and the British crown formally took over India and it came under direct British rule and the Indian Civil Service (ICS). The ICS was originally headed by British state officials, but these were gradually replaced by Indian officials in order to appease the public.
《损失的传承》需要了解印度两大历史运动的背景信息。首先是英国在印度的殖民统治和最终的印度独立。16世纪末,英国打算挑战葡萄牙对亚洲贸易的垄断。英国东印度公司被特许经营香料贸易。18世纪中叶,英国军队与孟加拉军队总司令米尔·贾法尔(Mir Jafar)联手,推翻了孟加拉的领导人。在此之前,英国军队的职责是保护公司的财产。贾法尔随后作为英国的臣服统治者登上了王位。英国人随后意识到他们征服印度小王国的实力和潜力,到19世纪中期,他们已经直接或间接地控制了今天印度的所有地区。1857年,为了反抗公司对印度的控制,发生了1857年印度叛乱。英国人打败了叛乱,英国王室正式接管了印度,印度直接受到英国的统治,并实行印度公务员制度(ICS)。ICS最初由英国政府官员领导,但为了安抚公众,这些官员逐渐被印度官员取代。
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引用次数: 0
THE USE OF THE SHORT STORY ENTRANCE IN LEARNING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 短篇小说在英语学习中的应用
IF 0.1 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.54513/joell.2022.9103
Hamad Al-ajmi
The study aimed to research the possibility of using the literary story entrance in learning English for students with English language learning difficulties in Kuwaiti schools, by identifying the concept of the short story, the difference between the short story, the novel and the literary play, the components and elements of the short story, the elements of the short story, characteristics The short story, methods of presenting short stories for learning English, criteria for building a short story for learning English, the benefits and functions of short stories and their role in learning English. The study used the inductive approach to describe a specific thing, which leads to the conclusion of another thing, and access to the results, so the inductive approach depends largely on the teacher's observation of the learner. The results of the study concluded that the teacher’s use of the story entrance in teaching English has an effective role in improving the language skills of students with learning difficulties in the English language.
本研究旨在通过识别短篇小说的概念、短篇小说、小说与文学戏剧的区别、短篇小说的组成和要素、短篇小说的要素、短篇小说的特点、短篇小说在英语学习中呈现的方法、短篇小说在英语学习中的应用,探讨科威特学校英语学习困难学生使用文学故事入学的可能性。构建英语学习短篇故事的标准,短篇故事的好处和功能及其在英语学习中的作用。本研究采用归纳法来描述一个具体的事物,从而引出另一个事物的结论,并获得结果,因此归纳法在很大程度上取决于教师对学习者的观察。研究结果表明,教师在英语教学中使用故事入口对提高英语学习困难学生的语言技能具有有效的作用。
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引用次数: 0
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Asiatic-IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature
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