Science of the Total Environment最新文献_第6页

Predictive models for the removal efficiency of emerging organic contaminants based on conventional water quality parameters in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands 基于常规水质参数的水平潜流人工湿地新兴有机污染物去除效率预测模型

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181437

Huma Ilyas , Diederik P.L. Rousseau

This study examines the prospects of predicting the removal efficiency of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) (pharmaceuticals-PhCs and personal care products-PCPs) based on conventional water quality parameters (CWQPs) including total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium‑nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) and total phosphorus (TP) in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HFCWs). Although previous research demonstrates a correlation between CWQPs and EOCs removal in CWs, research is lacking in evaluating the possibilities of developing predictive models. To bridge this gap, compound specific predictive models of six PhCs (acetaminophen, diclofenac, erythromycin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen) and two PCPs (tonalide and triclosan) are developed underpinned by the principal component, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses conducted using a dataset compiled from peer-reviewed publications. The results showed that the CWQPs are reasonably good predictors of EOCs removal in HFCWs. For instance, the best predictive model for diclofenac incorporated COD and NH₄⁺-N (coefficient of determination (R²): 0.826; probability value (p): 3.434E⁻⁰⁷; root mean squared error (RMSE): training set: 7%; validation set: 14%). The best predictive model for tonalide incorporated COD and NH₄⁺-N (R²: 0.882; p: 1.910E⁻⁰⁴; RMSE: training set: 6%; validation set: 20%). The same combination of CWQPs formed credible models for other PhCs and PCPs. These novel models can serve as a screening tool to support assessment for making predictions for a number of EOCs. The new approach and resulting model developed in this study offer a robust framework for preliminary assessment of EOC removal under data limited situations alongside guiding research and optimizing HFCW design and operation.

本研究探讨了基于常规水质参数（CWQPs），包括总悬浮物（TSS）、化学需氧量（COD）、铵态氮（NH4+-N）和总磷（TP），预测水平潜流人工湿地（HFCWs）对新兴有机污染物（药品- phcs和个人护理用品- pcp）去除效率的前景。虽然先前的研究表明CWQPs与CWs中EOCs去除之间存在相关性，但研究缺乏评估开发预测模型的可能性。为了弥补这一差距，利用从同行评审出版物汇编的数据集进行的主成分、相关性和多元线性回归分析，开发了六种PhCs（对乙酰氨基酚、双氯芬酸、红霉素、布洛芬、酮洛芬和萘普生）和两种pcp（妥那利和三氯生）的化合物特异性预测模型。结果表明，CWQPs是HFCWs中EOCs去除的较好预测因子。双氯芬酸含COD和NH4+-N的最佳预测模型(决定系数（R2）： 0.826；概率值(p): 3.434E−07；均方根误差（RMSE）：训练集：7%；验证集：14%)。tonalide的最佳预测模型包括COD和NH4+-N （R2: 0.882; p: 1.910E - 04； RMSE：训练集：6%；验证集：20%）。CWQPs的相同组合为其他PhCs和pcp提供了可靠的模型。这些新模型可以作为一种筛选工具来支持对一些eoc进行预测的评估。本研究中开发的新方法和最终模型为数据有限情况下EOC去除的初步评估提供了一个强大的框架，同时指导研究和优化HFCW的设计和操作。

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引用次数: 0

Development and evaluation of rapid image-based and turbidimetric methods for quantifying colloidal activated carbon in sandy media 基于图像和浊度法定量沙质介质中胶体活性炭的快速方法的发展和评价

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181471

Sujin Park , Charles Werth , Chadi El Mohtar

Colloidal activated carbon (CAC) sorption barriers created in groundwater via well injections have emerged as a promising in situ approach for immobilizing and trapping recalcitrant organic pollutants. This emergence necessitates the need for fast and reliable methods to verify in situ CAC distributions using soil cores. Thermal-based carbon measurement methods are the most widely used but are limited by the testing complexity, time demands, bias in the presence of background natural organic matter, and the need for specialized equipment. To address these limitations, three alternative methods are evaluated in this study. All three methods rely on using a novel sonication step that separates CAC from the sand in a water solution, followed by CAC quantification using either gravimetric, turbidimetric, or image analysis. Method performance is first evaluated using CAC validation experiments with known CAC additions to sand and through CAC breakthrough experiments by quantifying CAC loadings in column effluent samples and in sand samples taken from columns post-breakthrough. Gravimetric analysis proved unreliable, whereas image analysis and turbidimetry showed strong agreement with combustion-based measurements, providing rapid and low-cost CAC quantification in clean sandy materials. These methods are intended as a first-phase methodological development and require further validation for natural soils containing clay-sized particles, mobilizable colloids, or elevated organic matter, which may influence CAC release and measurement accuracy.

胶体活性炭（CAC）吸附屏障是一种很有前途的原位固定化和捕获顽固性有机污染物的方法。这种出现需要快速和可靠的方法来验证原位CAC分布使用土芯。基于热的碳测量方法是应用最广泛的方法，但受测试复杂性、时间要求、存在背景天然有机物的偏差以及对专用设备的需求的限制。为了解决这些局限性，本研究评估了三种替代方法。这三种方法都依赖于使用一种新的超声步骤，将CAC从水溶液中的沙子中分离出来，然后使用重量法、浊度法或图像分析对CAC进行定量。方法的性能首先通过已知的CAC添加到砂中的CAC验证实验进行评估，并通过CAC突破实验，量化柱出水样品和柱突破后砂样品中的CAC负荷。重量分析被证明是不可靠的，而图像分析和浊度法与基于燃烧的测量结果非常一致，在清洁的沙质材料中提供了快速和低成本的CAC定量。这些方法的目的是作为第一阶段的方法学发展，需要进一步验证天然土壤含有粘土大小的颗粒，可移动的胶体，或升高的有机物质，这可能会影响CAC释放和测量精度。

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引用次数: 0

Joint effects of climate-driven temperature changes and sublethal concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles on a freshwater outdoor mesocosm community 气候驱动的温度变化和亚致死浓度氧化铜纳米颗粒对室外淡水生态群落的联合影响

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181450

Tonya Gräf , Viviane Koch , Juliane Filser

Climate change, in particular temperature, modifies seasonal weather periods. These changes directly influence freshwater ecosystems and their communities.

As a part of an unprecedented long-term study, we analyzed the impact of two environmentally relevant copper oxide nanoparticle (CuO-NP) concentrations (0.008 and 0.100 mg Cu L⁻) and copper sulfate (CuSO₄) (0.010 mg Cu L⁻) on the zooplankton community in outdoor freshwater mesocosms during a naturally heat wave in summer.

Our results show an overall negative effect of the CuO-NP treatments on the zooplankton community and a change in community composition during the warming period. The strongest effect was found for the low concentration of CuO-NP while CuSO₄ hardly deviated from the control. In turn, at the end of the year CuSO₄ still exhibited some impact on the community, unlike the CuO-NP treatments. Overall, the Cladocera were the most affected taxon.

Due to their fundamental importance for freshwater food webs, this could result in a long-term change in the community composition of freshwater ecosystems, with potentially large consequences for their functioning.

These results are an important contribution to better comprehend, predict and prevent long-term effects of nanomaterials on freshwater community dynamics in the context of climate change. To cope with challenges of global environmental change, we strongly recommend, that future research focus on multiple stressors.

气候变化，特别是温度变化，改变了季节天气周期。这些变化直接影响淡水生态系统及其群落。作为一项前所未有的长期研究的一部分，我们分析了两种环境相关的氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO-NP）浓度（0.008和0.100 mg Cu L−）和硫酸铜（CuSO4）（0.010 mg Cu L−）在夏季自然热浪期间对室外淡水中生态系统浮游动物群落的影响。结果表明，增温期CuO-NP处理对浮游动物群落整体呈负向影响，群落组成发生变化。低浓度的CuO-NP影响最大，而CuSO4几乎不偏离对照。反过来，在年底，与CuO-NP处理不同，CuSO4对群落仍有一定的影响。总体而言，枝角纲是受影响最大的分类单元。由于它们对淡水食物网的根本重要性，这可能导致淡水生态系统群落组成的长期变化，对其功能可能产生重大影响。这些结果为更好地理解、预测和预防气候变化背景下纳米材料对淡水群落动态的长期影响做出了重要贡献。为了应对全球环境变化的挑战，我们强烈建议，未来的研究将重点放在多重压力源上。

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引用次数: 0

Vegetation and pastoral traits of wood pastures in the eastern Italian Pre-Alps 意大利东部前阿尔卑斯森林牧场的植被和牧区特征

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181422

Marco Santacà , Matteo Gecchelin , Michele Scotton

After being long contrasted owing to alleged damages to forest regeneration, traditional semi-natural wood pastures (WPs) have recently regained interest for their biodiversity and cultural heritage. To support public policies and actual management aiming at conserving or restoring them, ground cover, vegetation and pastoral traits of Alpine WPs with increasing tree cover (TC) were studied at 99 sampling plots distributed in three altitudinal belts (montane, high montane and subalpine). In the tree-cover gradient from open pasture (TC 0%–5%: OP) and the very high-density WP (TC 75%–100%: VHDWP), the number of grassland and forest species decreased and increased, respectively, resulting in a bell-shaped relation with the highest species richness in the low- and middle-density WPs (TC 5%–25% and 25%–50%: LDWP and MDWP). In the same gradient, the pastoral value decreased linearly, particularly from the high-density WP (TC 50%–75%: HDWP). This decline occurred as the growth and abundance of grassland species significantly diminished when light availability dropped below 50% of full sun. Consequently, the herbaceous vegetation cover became less complete (more bare soil and moss cover), and the abundance of distasteful or poisonous forest species increased. Compared with OP, the decrease in pastoral value in the different WP types was particularly important in the lower altitudinal belt, especially due to the higher abundance of poisonous species. LDWP and MDWP are important for their high biodiversity and relatively high pastoral value. HDWP has lower pastoral value and species richness, but it also deserves conservation as a source from which high-value LDWP or MDWP can be restored. The conservation and restoration of WP types should be legal and financially viable when site and livestock-utilisation requirements still exist.

传统的半天然木牧场（WPs）因其生物多样性和文化遗产而重新受到人们的关注。为了支持旨在保护或恢复高寒森林的公共政策和实际管理，研究了分布在3个海拔带（山地、高山和亚高山）的99个样地的地表覆盖、植被和牧区特征。在开放牧场（TC 0 ~ 5%: OP）和极高密度WP （TC 75% ~ 100%: VHDWP）的树木覆盖梯度中，草地和森林物种数量分别减少和增加，与中低密度WP （TC 5% ~ 25%和25% ~ 50%:LDWP和MDWP）的最高物种丰富度呈钟形关系。在相同的梯度下，牧区价值呈线性下降，特别是高密度WP （TC 50% ~ 75%: HDWP）。当光能利用率低于日照的50%时，草地物种的生长和丰度显著下降。因此，草本植被覆盖变得不完整（更多的裸露土壤和苔藓覆盖），令人讨厌或有毒的森林物种的丰度增加。与OP相比，不同WP类型的牧用价值下降在低海拔垂直带尤为明显，特别是由于有毒物种的丰度较高。LDWP和MDWP具有较高的生物多样性和较高的牧用价值。高密度湿地虽然具有较低的牧用价值和物种丰富度，但作为恢复高价值低密度湿地或多密度湿地的资源，值得保护。在场地和牲畜利用需求仍然存在的情况下，保护和恢复WP类型应该是合法和经济可行的。

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引用次数: 0

Elevated organic carbon in African Dark Earths is not exclusively attributable to pyrogenic organic matter 非洲暗地球中有机碳的升高并不完全是由热生有机质引起的

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181481

Maura P. Slocum , Riley B. Barton , Sasha J. Wagner , Johannes Lehmann , Dawit Solomon , Edward Yeboah , Alain F. Plante

Anthropogenic Dark Earths are characterized by dark colors and high organic carbon, frequently attributed to the presence of pyrogenic organic matter. We sought to quantify the contribution of pyrogenic organic matter to total soil organic matter (SOM) in paired deep soil profiles of dark earths and adjacent soils from sites in Ghana and Liberia by examining the depth to which elevated SOM occurs in dark earths as well as the contribution of pyrogenic organic matter as a function of depth. Thermally stable C was quantified using ramped combustion thermal analysis coupled to CO₂ evolved gas analysis. The proportion of thermally stable C to total soil organic C (SOC) was nearly twice as large in dark earth samples (39.7 ± 17.7%) compared to adjacent soils (22.1 ± 17.9%), suggesting that thermally stable organic matter may be contributing to the persistence of SOM in dark earths, even at depths of up to 100 cm. Proportions of thermally stable C to total SOC in surface soils were substantially greater than pyrogenic C to SOC proportions measured using benzenepolycarboxylic acid (BPCA) markers and previously published values using hydropyrolysis. While the thermal method captures a wider range of pyrogenic organic matter than hydropyrolysis and BPCA, the latter methods were well correlated with thermograms at temperatures >425 °C. Calculated non-pyC concentrations in dark earth samples determined by ramped combustion often exceeded total SOC concentrations in adjacent soil samples, suggesting that C enrichment in dark earths was not attributable exclusively to pyrogenic C. Pyrogenic C accounted for 65% of the increase in total SOC in dark earths versus adjacent surface soils. These results suggest that the presence of pyrogenic C may promote greater persistence of non-pyrogenic SOM, thus providing a compelling rationale for the use of biochar as a carbon-enriching amendment in contemporary agricultural systems.

人为暗地球的特点是颜色深，有机碳含量高，通常归因于热生有机物的存在。我们试图通过研究暗土中SOM升高的深度以及热源有机质的贡献作为深度的函数，量化暗土和加纳和利比里亚的邻近土壤的成对深层土壤剖面中热源有机质对总土壤有机质（SOM）的贡献。热稳定C的定量采用斜燃烧热分析与CO2释放气体分析相结合。暗土样品的热稳定碳占土壤有机碳（SOC）的比例（39.7±17.7%）几乎是邻近土壤（22.1±17.9%）的两倍，这表明热稳定有机质可能是暗土中SOM持续存在的原因，甚至在深度达100 cm的土壤中也是如此。表层土壤中热稳定碳占总有机碳的比例明显大于用苯聚羧酸（BPCA）标记物测量的热原碳占有机碳的比例和先前发表的用加氢热解法测量的值。与加氢热解和BPCA相比，热法捕获的热成因有机质范围更广，后者与425°C温度下的热图具有良好的相关性。斜坡燃烧法计算的暗土样品中非pyc浓度往往超过邻近土壤样品的总有机碳浓度，表明暗土中C的富集并非完全归因于热原C。与邻近表层土壤相比，热原C占暗土总有机碳增加的65%。这些结果表明，热原性C的存在可能会促进非热原性SOM的更持久存在，从而为在当代农业系统中使用生物炭作为富碳改剂提供了令人信服的理由。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insight into the reprotoxic effects of chronic gamma radiation on spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans 慢性伽玛辐射对秀丽隐杆线虫精子发生的生殖毒性作用机制研究

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181444

Hengyi Zhu , Dag Markus Eide , Erica Maremonti , Hilde Loge Nilsen , Dag Anders Brede

Ionizing radiation is a potent genotoxic agent that may cause detrimental effects on reproductive processes. This study investigated cellular events and transcriptomic alterations underlying reproductive defects caused by chronic gamma (γ) radiation in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Continuous exposure (100 mGy/h; total dose: 4.8 Gy) throughout larval development reduced spermatid counts (38.8%) and total brood size (26.4%). It also resulted in delayed and attenuated residual body (RB) formation (22.8%), implicating reduced number of spermatocytes or failed meiosis. Targeted exposure of early L3 to L4 (24-h, total dose 2.4 Gy) after the establishment of the primary spermatocyte population resulted in 26% reduction in brood size, thus implicating damage inflicted during meiosis as detrimental to spermatogenesis. The reprotoxic defects were markedly exacerbated by rad-51 RNAi or polq-1 deletion, confirming the crucial roles for homologous recombination (HR) and polymerase theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ) in mitigating radiation-induced reproductive damage.

Phenotypical investigation of the male gonad revealed genotoxic effects including shortened mitotic zone and increased cell-cycle arrest. However, the postmeiotic stage assessed as the quantity of RB-containing phagosomes remained unaffected by ionizing radiation. Transcriptomic profiling of irradiated males showed comprehensive enhanced stress response and mitophagy accompanied by alterations of energy metabolism. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed large differences between sexes, where the only shared enrichment term was mitochondrial translation termination. Collectively, our results show that detrimental effects to hermaphrodite spermatogenesis occur during the meiotic phase, which leads to fewer RBs and spermatids, with a corresponding reduction in reproduction.

电离辐射是一种强大的遗传毒性物质，可能对生殖过程造成有害影响。本研究调查了慢性γ (γ)辐射引起的秀丽隐杆线虫（C. elegans）生殖缺陷的细胞事件和转录组改变。在幼虫发育过程中持续暴露（100毫戈瑞/小时；总剂量：4.8毫戈瑞）可减少精子计数（38.8%）和总孵化量（26.4%）。它还导致残体（RB）形成延迟和减弱（22.8%），暗示精母细胞数量减少或减数分裂失败。在初代精母细胞群体建立后，对L3至L4早期（24小时，总剂量2.4 Gy）进行定向暴露，可导致幼崽数量减少26%，从而提示减数分裂期间的损伤对精子发生是有害的。rad-51 RNAi或polq-1缺失明显加重了生殖毒性缺陷，证实了同源重组（HR）和聚合酶介导的末端连接（TMEJ）在减轻辐射诱导的生殖损伤中的重要作用。男性性腺的表型研究显示基因毒性效应包括有丝分裂区缩短和细胞周期阻滞增加。然而，以含rb吞噬体数量评估的减数分裂后阶段不受电离辐射影响。受辐射雄性的转录组学分析显示，应激反应和线粒体自噬全面增强，并伴有能量代谢的改变。比较转录组学分析揭示了两性之间的巨大差异，其中唯一共享的富集项是线粒体翻译终止。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，在减数分裂阶段，对雌雄同体精子发生的不利影响发生，导致RBs和精子减少，相应的繁殖减少。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions in wastewater treatment with pure oxygen aeration: A full-scale study 用纯氧曝气减少废水处理中氧化亚氮的排放：一项全面研究

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181457

Izba Ali , Rudy Lamond , Roel Boussemaere

Nitrous oxide (N₂O), a potent greenhouse gas, is a significant byproduct of conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment processes. This study investigates the effectiveness of pure oxygen-based aeration as a strategy to mitigate N₂O emissions from high-strength industrial wastewater. By comparing this approach to traditional air aeration, the research specifically addresses wastewater characterized by elevated COD and ammonia levels. A multi-faceted approach combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, drone-based N₂O flux measurements, and in-situ N₂O sensor monitoring was employed to comprehensively assess emission reductions. CFD simulations projected substantial decreases in N₂O emissions, with pure oxygen achieving over a 98% reduction and hybrid systems demonstrating an average 84% reduction compared to conventional surface aerators. Field measurements largely corroborated these simulations, with drone-based quantification showing a 67% N₂O flux reduction under a hybrid aeration strategy, and in-situ sensors frequently detecting negligible N₂O concentrations during stable pure oxygen operation. Furthermore, a carbon footprint analysis revealed considerably lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for pure oxygen systems compared to conventional aeration, positioning it as a sustainable and environmentally sound alternative. Collectively, the findings of this study consistently indicate that the strategic application of pure oxygen is a highly effective N₂O abatement technology for industrial wastewater treatment plants, offering a promising solution for facilities treating high-load process water to meet increasingly stringent GHG emission targets.

氧化亚氮（N2O）是一种强效温室气体，是传统活性污泥废水处理工艺的重要副产品。本研究探讨了纯氧曝气作为一种减少高强度工业废水N2O排放的策略的有效性。通过将这种方法与传统的空气曝气方法进行比较，该研究专门针对COD和氨水平升高的废水。采用计算流体动力学（CFD）建模、基于无人机的N2O通量测量和现场N2O传感器监测相结合的多方位方法，综合评估了减排情况。CFD模拟预测，与传统的表面曝气器相比，纯氧系统的N2O排放量减少了98%以上，混合系统的N2O排放量平均减少了84%。现场测量在很大程度上证实了这些模拟，基于无人机的量化显示，在混合曝气策略下，N2O通量减少了67%，而在稳定的纯氧操作下，现场传感器经常检测到可以忽略不计的N2O浓度。此外，一项碳足迹分析显示，与传统曝气相比，纯氧系统的温室气体（GHG）排放量要低得多，这使其成为一种可持续和环保的替代方案。综上所述，本研究的结果一致表明，纯氧的战略性应用是工业废水处理厂一种高效的N2O减排技术，为处理高负荷工艺水的设施提供了一种有前景的解决方案，以满足日益严格的温室气体排放目标。

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引用次数: 0

Reply to Letter to the Editor regarding “Stable isotope method for tracing oil sands bitumen sources, differentiating δ13C in four carbon fractions in water and acid-extractable organics” 关于“用稳定同位素方法追踪油砂沥青来源，区分水和酸萃取有机物中四个碳组分的δ13C”的复函

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181380

John J. Gibson , Aprami Jaggi , Paul Eby , Tatiana Sirbu

引用次数: 0

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) induces cytochrome P450 expression and enzymatic activity in well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells 全氟己酸（PFHxA）诱导细胞色素P450在高分化的人支气管上皮（HBE）细胞中的表达和酶活性

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181440

Megan E. Solan , Hyo Jin Kim , Christa Wright , Jin-Ah Park

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) used as a substitute for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and occurs as a degradation product from long-chain PFAS. PFHxA is found in consumer products and increasingly detected as an indoor dust contaminant suggesting the lung as the target of inhaled PFHxA exposure. Therefore, we aimed to identify potential adverse impacts of PFHxA on primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, differentiated from basal stem cells in a three-dimensional air-liquid interface culture. This culture forms a pseudostratified epithelium that recapitulates the cellular composition and barrier function of the airway. Using this gold-standard in vitro model of airway cell biology, we performed dose- and time-dependent experiments. Our results indicate that PFHxA exposure up to 1000 nM neither decreases cell viability nor adversely affects epithelial barrier function in HBE cells. However, exposure to 1000 nM PFHxA for 72 h reduced the number of ciliated cells in two donors. Additionally, induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) was observed at 24, 48, and 72 h of PFHxA exposure, indicated by increased CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA expression, CYP1B1 protein expression, and CYP450 enzyme activity. These findings underscore the need for further investigation into PFHxA exposure and its effects on lung health.

全氟己酸（PFHxA）是一种短链全氟烷基物质（PFAS），用作全氟辛酸（PFOA）的替代品，是长链全氟辛酸的降解产物。PFHxA在消费品中被发现，并且越来越多地被检测为室内粉尘污染物，这表明肺部是吸入PFHxA暴露的目标。因此，我们旨在确定PFHxA对人支气管上皮细胞（HBE）的潜在不利影响，该细胞在三维气液界面培养中从基底干细胞分化出来。这种培养形成假层状上皮，再现了气道的细胞组成和屏障功能。使用这种体外气道细胞生物学的金标准模型，我们进行了剂量和时间依赖的实验。我们的研究结果表明，暴露于1000 nM的PFHxA既不会降低细胞活力，也不会对HBE细胞的上皮屏障功能产生不利影响。然而，暴露于1000 nM PFHxA 72小时后，两个供体的纤毛细胞数量减少。此外，在PFHxA暴露24、48和72 h时，观察到细胞色素P450 （CYP450）的诱导，CYP1A1和CYP1B1 mRNA表达、CYP1B1蛋白表达和CYP450酶活性增加。这些发现强调有必要进一步调查PFHxA暴露及其对肺部健康的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Development of fuzzy logic algorithm for predicting heavy metal content in poultry product 家禽产品中重金属含量模糊预测算法的发展。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181460

Nidhi Rajesh Mavani , Nur Syazliza Ahmad Syahroni , Jarinah Mohd Ali

Poultry products are important global protein sources but are vulnerable to contamination by toxic metals such as copper, cadmium, lead, and arsenic. Excessive intake of these metals poses health risks, necessitating reliable yet accessible detection methods. This study developed a fuzzy logic framework using the Mamdani inference system and triangular membership functions in MATLAB R2021b to estimate heavy metal concentrations in poultry products including eggs, meat, and liver. Three fuzzy logic models were constructed, and multiple rule sets of 25, 50, and 81 rules were tested. Results showed that the 50-rule model achieved accurate classifications while minimizing complexity, correctly identifying safe and unsafe products in line with FAO/WHO permissible limits. Validation using published laboratory data confirmed that the model classified samples exceeding lead values above 0.1 ppm and cadmium values above 0.05 ppm as unsafe, whereas those within safe ranges such as egg samples containing 0.243 ppm copper, 0.033 ppm lead, 0.002 ppm cadmium, and 0.003 ppm arsenic were correctly identified. The key novelty of this study lies in the integration of a fuzzy logic–based heavy metal safety prediction model with an accessible graphical user interface (GUI), enabling non-expert users to perform rapid and interpretable food safety assessments without requiring programming or toxicological expertise. The proposed system provides a rapid, cost-effective, and user-friendly alternative to laboratory testing, supporting food safety monitoring and public health protection.

家禽产品是全球重要的蛋白质来源，但容易受到铜、镉、铅和砷等有毒金属的污染。过量摄入这些金属会造成健康风险，因此需要可靠而方便的检测方法。本研究利用MATLAB R2021b中的Mamdani推理系统和三角隶属函数开发了一个模糊逻辑框架，用于估算家禽产品（包括蛋、肉和肝脏）中的重金属浓度。构建了三个模糊逻辑模型，分别对25条、50条和81条规则集进行了测试。结果表明，50条规则模型实现了准确的分类，同时最大限度地降低了复杂性，并根据粮农组织/世卫组织的允许限值正确识别出安全和不安全产品。使用已公布的实验室数据进行的验证证实，该模型将铅值超过0.1 ppm和镉值超过0.05 ppm的样品归类为不安全，而在安全范围内的样品，如含有0.243 ppm铜、0.033 ppm铅、0.002 ppm镉和0.003 ppm砷的鸡蛋样品，则被正确识别。本研究的关键新颖之处在于将基于模糊逻辑的重金属安全预测模型与可访问的图形用户界面（GUI）集成在一起，使非专业用户能够在不需要编程或毒理学专业知识的情况下执行快速和可解释的食品安全评估。该系统为实验室检测提供了一种快速、具有成本效益和用户友好的替代方案，支持食品安全监测和公共卫生保护。

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