Science of the Total Environment最新文献_第6页

Letter to the Editor regarding "Stable isotope method for tracing oil sands bitumen sources, differentiating δ¹³C in four carbon fractions in water and acid-extractable organics" by Gibson et al. (2025). 关于Gibson等人（2025）的“稳定同位素方法追踪油砂沥青来源，区分水和酸萃取有机物中四个碳组分的δ13C”，致编辑的信。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181288

Jason M E Ahad, Paul R Gammon

引用次数: 0

Putative drivers of maritime Antarctic soil resistomes in the early 21st century: A baseline for monitoring environmental change and human influence 21世纪初南极海洋土壤抗性的推定驱动因素：监测环境变化和人类影响的基线

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181361

Jiarui Sun , Rebecca Lyons , Katherine V. Weigh , Scott Lieske , Kevin K. Newsham , David W. Hopkins , Paul G. Dennis

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are present in all ecosystems and encode the defences that microorganisms have naturally evolved to defend themselves against antimicrobial agents. The use and synthesis of antibiotics by humans, however, has led to a proliferation of ARGs, resulting in their consideration as emerging environmental pollutants, even in some of the most pristine terrestrial ecosystems on Earth. Here we used shotgun metagenomics to characterise the abundance and diversity of ARGs in 29 maritime Antarctic soils collected in the 2007–2008 austral summer that varied in edaphic conditions and levels of human visitation. In total, 1831 ARGs were identified, spanning 29 naturally occurring ARGs that confer resistance to either single or multiple drug classes, such as glycopeptide, fluoroquinolone and tetracycline. The ARG profiles were not significantly associated with predicted levels of human visitation and harboured novel and potentially ancient ARGs, suggesting that these soils were relatively pristine. Furthermore, we observed that the abundance and diversity of ARGs was strongly associated with soil pH and mean annual surface air temperature (MASAT), as well as moisture content, C:N ratio, DOC and Mg concentration, albeit to a lesser extent. Our study provides a useful baseline for future studies, greatly expands the geographical coverage of Antarctic soil resistomes, and highlights putative environmental drivers of ARGs for the early 21st century including pH and MASAT, the latter of which is predicted to rise towards the end of this century.

抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）存在于所有生态系统中，并编码微生物自然进化的防御措施，以保护自己免受抗菌剂的侵害。然而，人类对抗生素的使用和合成导致了ARGs的激增，导致它们被视为新出现的环境污染物，即使在地球上一些最原始的陆地生态系统中也是如此。在这里，我们使用散弹枪宏基因组学来表征2007-2008年南方夏季收集的29个海洋南极土壤中ARGs的丰度和多样性，这些土壤在地理条件和人类访问水平上有所不同。总共鉴定出1831种ARGs，包括29种自然产生的ARGs，可对糖肽、氟喹诺酮和四环素等单一或多种药物产生耐药性。ARG剖面与预测的人类访问水平没有显著关联，并且含有新的和可能古老的ARG，这表明这些土壤相对原始。此外，我们观察到ARGs的丰度和多样性与土壤pH、年平均地表气温（MASAT）、含水量、C:N比、DOC和Mg浓度密切相关，但程度较低。我们的研究为未来的研究提供了一个有用的基线，极大地扩展了南极土壤抗性的地理覆盖范围，并强调了21世纪初ARGs的假定环境驱动因素，包括pH和MASAT，后者预计将在本世纪末上升。

{"title":"Putative drivers of maritime Antarctic soil resistomes in the early 21st century: A baseline for monitoring environmental change and human influence","authors":"Jiarui Sun , Rebecca Lyons , Katherine V. Weigh , Scott Lieske , Kevin K. Newsham , David W. Hopkins , Paul G. Dennis","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are present in all ecosystems and encode the defences that microorganisms have naturally evolved to defend themselves against antimicrobial agents. The use and synthesis of antibiotics by humans, however, has led to a proliferation of ARGs, resulting in their consideration as emerging environmental pollutants, even in some of the most pristine terrestrial ecosystems on Earth. Here we used shotgun metagenomics to characterise the abundance and diversity of ARGs in 29 maritime Antarctic soils collected in the 2007–2008 austral summer that varied in edaphic conditions and levels of human visitation. In total, 1831 ARGs were identified, spanning 29 naturally occurring ARGs that confer resistance to either single or multiple drug classes, such as glycopeptide, fluoroquinolone and tetracycline. The ARG profiles were not significantly associated with predicted levels of human visitation and harboured novel and potentially ancient ARGs, suggesting that these soils were relatively pristine. Furthermore, we observed that the abundance and diversity of ARGs was strongly associated with soil pH and mean annual surface air temperature (MASAT), as well as moisture content, C:N ratio, DOC and Mg concentration, albeit to a lesser extent. Our study provides a useful baseline for future studies, greatly expands the geographical coverage of Antarctic soil resistomes, and highlights putative environmental drivers of ARGs for the early 21st century including pH and MASAT, the latter of which is predicted to rise towards the end of this century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181361"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal changes of Indian monsoon-influenced precipitation over the world's highest large river: The Yarlung Zangbo River basin from a meridional wind perspective 世界最高大河——雅鲁藏布江流域季风影响降水的时空变化

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181347

Xinzheng Tang , Ji Chen , Jiaye Li , Yi Lu

Along with global warming, the world's highest large river basin, the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YRB) on the Tibetan Plateau, has experienced notable hydroclimatic changes over the past four decades. Meanwhile, the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) has weakened, altering meridional wind patterns and associated moisture transport, which in turn has shaped spatiotemporal precipitation variability across the basin. However, the mechanisms linking ISM variability, meridional winds, and regional precipitation trends in the YRB remain unclear. This study systematically analyzes precipitation changes and quantifies the role of meridional wind variability in modulating JJAS (June to September) precipitation across the YRB from 1979 to 2019. Multiple data sources, including observations and reanalysis, are combined with Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations. Results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity: the downstream YRB shows significant declines in meridional wind and precipitation, while moderate increases occur upstream and midstream. Importantly, net water vapor input accounts for approximately 83 % of precipitation in the downstream, 41 % in the midstream, and 55 % in the upstream, highlighting the dominant role of advected moisture, especially downstream. WRF sensitivity experiments indicate that a 10 % reduction in meridional wind leads to a 4.9 % decrease in downstream precipitation, whereas a 10 % increase results in a 1.3 % increase in the midstream; upstream precipitation is insensitive to meridional wind changes. These findings clarify the hydroclimatic response of the YRB to ISM weakening and highlight the pivotal role of meridional winds in regional precipitation changes. The results provide insights for water resources managements under a changing monsoon regime.

随着全球气候变暖，位于青藏高原的雅鲁藏布江流域（YRB）在过去40年里经历了显著的水文气候变化。与此同时，印度夏季风（ISM）减弱，改变了经向风型和相关的水汽输送，进而影响了整个盆地的时空降水变率。然而，联系ISM变率、经向风和YRB区域降水趋势的机制仍不清楚。本研究系统分析了1979 - 2019年YRB地区JJAS（6 - 9月）降水变化，并量化了经向风变率对JJAS降水的调节作用。多种数据源，包括观测和再分析，与天气研究与预报（WRF）模式模拟相结合。结果表明：长江下游经向风和降水呈明显的下降趋势，而上游和中游呈中度增加趋势；重要的是，净水汽输入约占下游降水的83%，中游41%，上游55%，突出了平流水汽的主导作用，尤其是下游。WRF敏感性试验表明，经向风每减少10%，下游降水减少4.9%，中游降水增加10%，下游降水增加1.3%；上游降水对经向风的变化不敏感。这些发现阐明了长江三角洲对ISM减弱的水文气候响应，并突出了经向风在区域降水变化中的关键作用。这些结果为在不断变化的季风条件下的水资源管理提供了见解。

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes of Indian monsoon-influenced precipitation over the world's highest large river: The Yarlung Zangbo River basin from a meridional wind perspective","authors":"Xinzheng Tang , Ji Chen , Jiaye Li , Yi Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Along with global warming, the world's highest large river basin, the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YRB) on the Tibetan Plateau, has experienced notable hydroclimatic changes over the past four decades. Meanwhile, the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) has weakened, altering meridional wind patterns and associated moisture transport, which in turn has shaped spatiotemporal precipitation variability across the basin. However, the mechanisms linking ISM variability, meridional winds, and regional precipitation trends in the YRB remain unclear. This study systematically analyzes precipitation changes and quantifies the role of meridional wind variability in modulating JJAS (June to September) precipitation across the YRB from 1979 to 2019. Multiple data sources, including observations and reanalysis, are combined with Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations. Results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity: the downstream YRB shows significant declines in meridional wind and precipitation, while moderate increases occur upstream and midstream. Importantly, net water vapor input accounts for approximately 83 % of precipitation in the downstream, 41 % in the midstream, and 55 % in the upstream, highlighting the dominant role of advected moisture, especially downstream. WRF sensitivity experiments indicate that a 10 % reduction in meridional wind leads to a 4.9 % decrease in downstream precipitation, whereas a 10 % increase results in a 1.3 % increase in the midstream; upstream precipitation is insensitive to meridional wind changes. These findings clarify the hydroclimatic response of the YRB to ISM weakening and highlight the pivotal role of meridional winds in regional precipitation changes. The results provide insights for water resources managements under a changing monsoon regime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181347"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-targeted screening of emerging pollutants across wastewater and receiving waters: A case study in Eswatini 废水和接收水中新兴污染物的非靶向筛选：斯瓦蒂尼的案例研究

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181353

Nothando B. Mandlazi , Gcina D. Vilakati , Lawrence Madikizela , Hlobsile Kgomo

The presence of emerging pollutants (EMPs) in aquatic environments poses serious threats to human and ecological health, yet their occurrence remains understudied in some countries, including the Kingdom of Eswatini. This research paper presents the first comprehensive investigation of EMPs in Eswatini's waters from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with distinct treatment processes and surface water of the receiving rivers, utilizing a non-targeted screening approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry. It aimed to identify the occurrence and distribution patterns of EMPs while establishing baseline data to support subsequent quantitative research and remediation efforts. A total of 347 pollutants and their metabolites were identified, of which 181 were also detected in river samples. 64.6 % of all detected EMPs were pharmaceuticals: cardiovascular drugs, central nervous system drugs and antibiotics with 23.7 %, 21.3 % and 11.9 %, respectively, while pesticides accounted for 28.8 %. Highly toxic EMPs with acute/chronic toxicity <1 ppm, including nafronyl oxalate, lacidipine, dibutylone, phencyclidine, zolpidem, myclobutanil, mycophenolic acid, and multiple pesticides, were detected in over 50 % of river samples. Of the three WWTPs, Matsapha, which utilizes oxidative treatment processes showed notable effluent reductions in pharmaceuticals (42.0 %) and pesticides (34.4 %), while Ezulwini and Ngwenya WWTPs exhibited resurgences of up to 10.9 % and 33.1 %, respectively. This suggests treatment inefficiencies linked to the filtration/sedimentation and pond systems of the WWTPs. These findings highlight the persistent and occurrence of EMPs in Eswatini and underscore the need for targeted monitoring and improved waste management infrastructures.

水生环境中出现的新污染物对人类和生态健康构成严重威胁，但在包括斯瓦蒂尼王国在内的一些国家，对其发生情况的研究仍不足。本研究报告首次全面调查了Eswatini的废水处理厂（WWTPs）中具有不同处理工艺的水和接收河流的地表水中的EMPs，利用高分辨率质谱法的非靶向筛选方法。它旨在确定电磁脉冲的发生和分布模式，同时建立基线数据，以支持随后的定量研究和补救工作。共鉴定出347种污染物及其代谢物，其中181种在河流样本中也检测到。在所有检测到的emp中，药品占64.6%，其中心血管类药物占23.7%，中枢神经系统类药物占21.3%，抗生素占11.9%，农药占28.8%。在50%以上的河流样本中检测到急性/慢性毒性为1ppm的高毒性emp，包括草酸萘丙酯、拉西地平、二丁酮、苯环利定、唑吡坦、myclobutanil、霉酚酸和多种农药。在这3个污水处理厂中，采用氧化处理工艺的Matsapha污水处理厂的药品和农药出水显著减少（42.0%）和34.4%)，而Ezulwini和Ngwenya污水处理厂的出水分别减少了10.9%和33.1%。这表明污水处理厂的过滤/沉淀和池塘系统与处理效率低下有关。这些发现突出了在斯瓦蒂尼持续存在和发生的电磁脉冲，并强调了有针对性监测和改进废物管理基础设施的必要性。

{"title":"Non-targeted screening of emerging pollutants across wastewater and receiving waters: A case study in Eswatini","authors":"Nothando B. Mandlazi , Gcina D. Vilakati , Lawrence Madikizela , Hlobsile Kgomo","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of emerging pollutants (EMPs) in aquatic environments poses serious threats to human and ecological health, yet their occurrence remains understudied in some countries, including the Kingdom of Eswatini. This research paper presents the first comprehensive investigation of EMPs in Eswatini's waters from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with distinct treatment processes and surface water of the receiving rivers, utilizing a non-targeted screening approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry. It aimed to identify the occurrence and distribution patterns of EMPs while establishing baseline data to support subsequent quantitative research and remediation efforts. A total of 347 pollutants and their metabolites were identified, of which 181 were also detected in river samples. 64.6 % of all detected EMPs were pharmaceuticals: cardiovascular drugs, central nervous system drugs and antibiotics with 23.7 %, 21.3 % and 11.9 %, respectively, while pesticides accounted for 28.8 %. Highly toxic EMPs with acute/chronic toxicity <1 ppm, including nafronyl oxalate, lacidipine, dibutylone, phencyclidine, zolpidem, myclobutanil, mycophenolic acid, and multiple pesticides, were detected in over 50 % of river samples. Of the three WWTPs, Matsapha, which utilizes oxidative treatment processes showed notable effluent reductions in pharmaceuticals (42.0 %) and pesticides (34.4 %), while Ezulwini and Ngwenya WWTPs exhibited resurgences of up to 10.9 % and 33.1 %, respectively. This suggests treatment inefficiencies linked to the filtration/sedimentation and pond systems of the WWTPs. These findings highlight the persistent and occurrence of EMPs in Eswatini and underscore the need for targeted monitoring and improved waste management infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181353"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning enables rapid assessment of potential cetacean health indicators 机器学习可以快速评估潜在的鲸类健康指标

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181346

Colin Murphy , Ann-Marie Jacoby , Janet Mann , Shweta Bansal , Melissa Collier

Cetaceans are important ecosystem sentinels but face growing threats from major disease-related mortality events expected to intensify under climate change. Because both environmental factors and demographics influence health and disease risk, understanding these relationships is essential for effective management. Direct health assessments are challenging in cetaceans, but skin lesions can indicate active infection and tooth-rake marks reflect social stressors that increase transmission risk. Yet, traditional photographic analysis of these indicators is inefficient, creating processing bottlenecks that limit timely evaluation of population health. To address this gap, we applied machine learning to rapidly assess lesions and rake marks in Tamanend's bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) photographed in the Chesapeake Bay, a known hotspot for disease-related die-offs. This represents the first analysis of environmental and demographic contributions to dolphin stressors in this region. We found significant negative relationships between lesion prevalence and both temperature and salinity for some lesion types. We find tooth rakes to be positive predictors of lesions, and adult males have the highest rake mark coverage. These patterns suggest dolphins in colder, fresher waters may face elevated disease risk, while adult males may be particularly vulnerable to behavioral stress and related health consequences. Our findings are consistent with prior studies, lending validity to our machine learning models, while also revealing novel patterns of vulnerability in this threatened population. More broadly, our approach demonstrates the use of automated image analysis to enable timely, non-invasive assessments of potential health indicators across cetacean populations in an era of rapid global change.

鲸类动物是重要的生态系统哨兵，但在气候变化的影响下，它们面临着与重大疾病相关的死亡事件日益严重的威胁。由于环境因素和人口因素都会影响健康和疾病风险，因此了解这些关系对于有效管理至关重要。对鲸类动物进行直接健康评估具有挑战性，但皮肤损伤可能表明活动性感染，牙耙痕迹反映了增加传播风险的社会压力因素。然而，对这些指标的传统摄影分析效率低下，造成处理瓶颈，限制了对人口健康的及时评价。为了解决这一差距，我们应用机器学习来快速评估在切萨皮克湾拍摄的Tamanend宽吻海豚（Tursiops erebennus）的病变和标记，切萨皮克湾是一个众所周知的疾病相关死亡热点。这是对该地区海豚压力源的环境和人口贡献的首次分析。我们发现某些类型的病变患病率与温度和盐度呈显著负相关。我们发现牙耙是病变的积极预测因素，成年男性的牙耙标记覆盖率最高。这些模式表明，生活在更冷、更新鲜水域的海豚可能面临更高的疾病风险，而成年雄性海豚可能特别容易受到行为压力和相关健康后果的影响。我们的发现与之前的研究一致，为我们的机器学习模型提供了有效性，同时也揭示了这一受威胁人口的脆弱性的新模式。更广泛地说，我们的方法证明了在全球快速变化的时代，使用自动图像分析能够及时、无创地评估鲸类种群的潜在健康指标。

{"title":"Machine learning enables rapid assessment of potential cetacean health indicators","authors":"Colin Murphy , Ann-Marie Jacoby , Janet Mann , Shweta Bansal , Melissa Collier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cetaceans are important ecosystem sentinels but face growing threats from major disease-related mortality events expected to intensify under climate change. Because both environmental factors and demographics influence health and disease risk, understanding these relationships is essential for effective management. Direct health assessments are challenging in cetaceans, but skin lesions can indicate active infection and tooth-rake marks reflect social stressors that increase transmission risk. Yet, traditional photographic analysis of these indicators is inefficient, creating processing bottlenecks that limit timely evaluation of population health. To address this gap, we applied machine learning to rapidly assess lesions and rake marks in Tamanend's bottlenose dolphins (<em>Tursiops erebennus</em>) photographed in the Chesapeake Bay, a known hotspot for disease-related die-offs. This represents the first analysis of environmental and demographic contributions to dolphin stressors in this region. We found significant negative relationships between lesion prevalence and both temperature and salinity for some lesion types. We find tooth rakes to be positive predictors of lesions, and adult males have the highest rake mark coverage. These patterns suggest dolphins in colder, fresher waters may face elevated disease risk, while adult males may be particularly vulnerable to behavioral stress and related health consequences. Our findings are consistent with prior studies, lending validity to our machine learning models, while also revealing novel patterns of vulnerability in this threatened population. More broadly, our approach demonstrates the use of automated image analysis to enable timely, non-invasive assessments of potential health indicators across cetacean populations in an era of rapid global change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181346"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dark aqueous processing of organics in aerosols and size-resolved fog droplets: Variations in levels, characteristics and evolution 气溶胶和大小分辨雾滴中有机物的暗水处理：水平、特征和演变的变化

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181350

Megha Anand , Abhishek Chakraborty , Venkata Satish Rangu , Tarun Gupta , Neeraj Rastogi

Fog events are frequent during winter in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), yet their role in modifying the chemical and optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) remains poorly constrained. This study provides the first field-based evidence on the comparative optical and chemical characteristics and evolution in ambient water-soluble interstitial aerosols (WSIA) and size-segregated fog droplet residues (DR) to understand how dark, aqueous-phase processing shapes BrC characteristics. Concurrent measurements using a High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a liquid wavelength capillary cell (LWCC) spectrophotometer. Distinct trends with significant differences were observed between WSIA and DR characteristics. WSIA exhibited strong near-UV absorption (b_abs365 = 35.4 ± 6.6 Mm⁻¹) and high intrinsic absorptivity (MAC₃₆₅ = 1.50 ± 0.39 m² g⁻¹), whereas fog droplet residues showed up to 90 % lower values with a distinct size dependence. Despite substantial increases in oxidation markers (O: C = 0.68–0.92; fCO₂⁺ = 19–24 %), droplet residues displayed significantly lower MAC and SFE_abs values, demonstrating that fog processing reduces intrinsic BrC absorptivity rather than enhancing it. The chemical composition shifted systematically, with organic aerosol dominating WSIA (66 %) but decreasing in fine droplets (46 %), alongside an increase in the nitrate and ammonium fractions. Oxidation increased with droplet size reduction (O:C = 0.79 in WSIA vs. 0.92 in fine residues), accompanied by enrichment of organosulfate fragments and elevated SO₂⁺:SO₃⁺ ratios, indicating fog-phase sulfur processing. Differences in elemental ratios, tracer fragments, and Van-Krevelen trend indicate variations in the mechanisms and/or efficiency of aqueous phase oxidation from WSIA to DR. Collectively, these results offer field-based evidence of fog as a chemically reactive yet optically suppressive environment, with implications for aerosol-radiation interactions and visibility in polluted regions.

印度恒河平原（IGP）冬季雾事件频繁，但它们在改变棕色碳（BrC）化学和光学性质方面的作用仍然知之甚少。这项研究提供了第一个基于现场的证据，用于比较环境水溶性间隙气溶胶（WSIA）和大小分离雾滴残留物（DR）的光学和化学特征及其演变，以了解暗水相处理如何影响BrC特征。同时测量使用高分辨率气溶胶质谱仪（HR-ToF-AMS）和液体波长毛细管细胞（LWCC）分光光度计。在WSIA和DR特征之间观察到明显的趋势和显著差异。WSIA具有较强的近紫外吸收（babs365 = 35.4±6.6 Mm−1）和较高的固有吸收率（MAC365 = 1.50±0.39 m2 g−1），而雾滴残留物的值降低了90%，且具有明显的尺寸依赖性。尽管氧化标记物显著增加（O: C = 0.68-0.92; fCO2+ = 19 - 24%），但液滴残留物显示出显著降低的MAC和SFEabs值，表明雾处理降低了而不是增强了BrC的固有吸收率。化学成分有系统地变化，有机气溶胶在WSIA中占主导地位（66%），但在细液滴中减少（46%），同时硝酸盐和铵组分增加。氧化随着液滴大小的减小而增加（WSIA中O:C = 0.79，细残留物中O:C = 0.92），伴随着有机硫酸盐碎片的富集和SO2+:SO3+比值的升高，表明雾相硫处理。元素比、示踪剂碎片和Van-Krevelen趋势的差异表明，从WSIA到dr，水相氧化的机制和/或效率存在差异。总之，这些结果提供了基于现场的证据，证明雾是一种化学反应性的光学抑制环境，对污染地区的气溶胶-辐射相互作用和能见度有影响。

{"title":"Dark aqueous processing of organics in aerosols and size-resolved fog droplets: Variations in levels, characteristics and evolution","authors":"Megha Anand , Abhishek Chakraborty , Venkata Satish Rangu , Tarun Gupta , Neeraj Rastogi","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fog events are frequent during winter in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), yet their role in modifying the chemical and optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) remains poorly constrained. This study provides the first field-based evidence on the comparative optical and chemical characteristics and evolution in ambient water-soluble interstitial aerosols (WSIA) and size-segregated fog droplet residues (DR) to understand how dark, aqueous-phase processing shapes BrC characteristics. Concurrent measurements using a High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a liquid wavelength capillary cell (LWCC) spectrophotometer. Distinct trends with significant differences were observed between WSIA and DR characteristics. WSIA exhibited strong near-UV absorption (b<sub>abs365</sub> = 35.4 ± 6.6 Mm<sup>−1</sup>) and high intrinsic absorptivity (MAC<sub>365</sub> = 1.50 ± 0.39 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>), whereas fog droplet residues showed up to 90 % lower values with a distinct size dependence. Despite substantial increases in oxidation markers (O: C = 0.68–0.92; fCO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> = 19–24 %), droplet residues displayed significantly lower MAC and SFE<sub>abs</sub> values, demonstrating that fog processing reduces intrinsic BrC absorptivity rather than enhancing it. The chemical composition shifted systematically, with organic aerosol dominating WSIA (66 %) but decreasing in fine droplets (46 %), alongside an increase in the nitrate and ammonium fractions. Oxidation increased with droplet size reduction (O:C = 0.79 in WSIA vs. 0.92 in fine residues), accompanied by enrichment of organosulfate fragments and elevated SO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>:SO<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> ratios, indicating fog-phase sulfur processing. Differences in elemental ratios, tracer fragments, and Van-Krevelen trend indicate variations in the mechanisms and/or efficiency of aqueous phase oxidation from WSIA to DR. Collectively, these results offer field-based evidence of fog as a chemically reactive yet optically suppressive environment, with implications for aerosol-radiation interactions and visibility in polluted regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181350"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the mismatch of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener patterns between sediment and bivalves 多氯联苯（PCB）同系物在沉积物和双壳类之间的不匹配

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181282

Ochan Otim

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminations, often identified as Aroclor formulations, are prevalent in benthic sediments and lower trophic organisms in Southern California bight (SoCal). In the organisms, Aroclor characteristics are presumably maintained by equilibrium-drive transfer of PCB congeners from sediments to the immediate surrounding. In this study, the assumption is tested by exploring the proportions of 20 congeners in sedentary bivalves (mussels and oysters), similarly derived proportions from Aroclor-impacted sediment collected from the same environment and Aroclor standards in a multivariate space for pattern similarities. Results show that whereas Aroclor fingerprints were found previously in 100 % of the sediment samples, Aroclor fingerprints were found only in bivalves collected near the Aroclor-impacted sediment (constituting only 30 % of the total sampled). Evidently, proximity to Aroclor-impacted sediment appears to be a requirement for preserving Aroclor characteristics. Results also show that 87 % of the 20 PCB congeners (by mass) were in bivalves collected from Los Angeles/Seal Beach/Marina Del Rey. Given that these congeners were surrogates for all 209 possible PCB congeners, the observation means there were likely more of the remaining 189 congeners in the bivalves as well. Thus, consuming bivalves from these areas may pose risk to public health. For practical reasons, mussels across a SoCal location were found to share similar PCB congener compositions. This observation would allow compositing mussels as a means of achieving a necessary analytical quantity in multi-laboratory monitoring of a location. Additionally, SoCal sediments are impacted by chlorinated pesticides and misidentifying coeluting chlorinated pesticides as PCBs in GC-ECD chromatograms is likely. Lastly, more work is needed, perhaps with an expanded list of congeners, to determine definitively whether Aroclors cannot be identified in SoCal bivalves.

多氯联苯（PCB）污染，通常被确定为Aroclor配方，普遍存在于南加州海域（SoCal）的底栖生物沉积物和低营养生物中。在生物体中，多氯联苯的特征可能是通过平衡驱动的多氯联苯同系物从沉积物转移到周围环境中来维持的。在这项研究中，通过探索定居双壳类（贻贝和牡蛎）中20个同族的比例，从相同环境中收集的受Aroclor影响的沉积物中得出类似的比例，以及在多元空间中进行模式相似性的Aroclor标准，来验证这一假设。结果表明，虽然之前在100%的沉积物样本中发现了Aroclor指纹，但仅在靠近Aroclor影响沉积物的双壳类中发现了Aroclor指纹（仅占总样本的30%）。显然，接近阿洛克罗受影响的沉积物似乎是保持阿洛克罗特征的必要条件。结果还表明，在洛杉矶/海豹滩/马里纳德雷采集的双壳类中有87%的20种多氯联苯同系物（按质量计算）。鉴于这些同系物是所有209种可能的多氯联苯同系物的替代品，观察结果意味着双壳类中可能还有更多剩余的189种同系物。因此，食用来自这些地区的双壳贝可能对公众健康构成风险。由于实际原因，在社会各地的贻贝被发现具有相似的PCB同族成分。这一观察结果将使合成贻贝作为一种手段，在多实验室监测一个地点时获得必要的分析量。此外，社会沉积物受到氯化农药的影响，在GC-ECD色谱中很可能将coelinginated氯化农药误认为是多氯联苯。最后，需要更多的工作，也许是扩大同系物的清单，以确定是否不能在社会性双壳类动物中识别出Aroclors。

{"title":"On the mismatch of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener patterns between sediment and bivalves","authors":"Ochan Otim","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminations, often identified as Aroclor formulations, are prevalent in benthic sediments and lower trophic organisms in Southern California bight (SoCal). In the organisms, Aroclor characteristics are presumably maintained by equilibrium-drive transfer of PCB congeners from sediments to the immediate surrounding. In this study, the assumption is tested by exploring the proportions of 20 congeners in sedentary bivalves (mussels and oysters), similarly derived proportions from Aroclor-impacted sediment collected from the same environment and Aroclor standards in a multivariate space for pattern similarities. Results show that whereas Aroclor fingerprints were found previously in 100 % of the sediment samples, Aroclor fingerprints were found only in bivalves collected near the Aroclor-impacted sediment (constituting only 30 % of the total sampled). Evidently, proximity to Aroclor-impacted sediment appears to be a requirement for preserving Aroclor characteristics. Results also show that 87 % of the 20 PCB congeners (by mass) were in bivalves collected from Los Angeles/Seal Beach/Marina Del Rey. Given that these congeners were surrogates for all 209 possible PCB congeners, the observation means there were likely more of the remaining 189 congeners in the bivalves as well. Thus, consuming bivalves from these areas may pose risk to public health. For practical reasons, mussels across a SoCal location were found to share similar PCB congener compositions. This observation would allow compositing mussels as a means of achieving a necessary analytical quantity in multi-laboratory monitoring of a location. Additionally, SoCal sediments are impacted by chlorinated pesticides and misidentifying coeluting chlorinated pesticides as PCBs in GC-ECD chromatograms is likely. Lastly, more work is needed, perhaps with an expanded list of congeners, to determine definitively whether Aroclors cannot be identified in SoCal bivalves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181282"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling estuarine wetlands and their role as nature-based solutions: a review 河口湿地建模及其作为基于自然的解决方案的作用：综述

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181325

Mariana Cruz , Paulo C.C. Rosman , C. Marisa R. Almeida , Isabel Iglesias

Estuaries are important ecosystems that provide multiple services, support biodiversity, and protect inland areas. Yet, these environments are increasingly threatened by urban expansion, anthropogenic activities, and climate change. One emerging alternative for enhancing resilience in estuaries is the conservation or implementation of vegetated areas/ wetlands that function as Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Hydrodynamic models are valuable tools for understanding and predicting coastal dynamics, and for evaluating the impacts of NbS and other coastal interventions. This study systematically reviews research on the application of hydrodynamic modelling tools to assess the dynamics and the effects of different types of estuarine wetlands, including mangroves and salt marshes. Relatively few studies have modelled the implementation of wetlands as NbS. Most of the studies considered in this extensive review are focused on modelling existing vegetated areas, providing a strong foundation for mechanistic understanding, and for validating modelling approaches that can inform and guide future NbS projects. Results show that numerical models can effectively simulate estuarine wetlands, though there are still challenges related to data resolution, vegetation parameterization, and computational efficiency. Numerical models also help to understand key ecosystem services provided by wetlands, including water quality improvement and coastal protection against extreme events or climate change scenarios. However, the efficiency in delivering those services is influenced by vegetation health and soil stability, which are affected by multiple factors. Therefore, local and detailed site-specific knowledge should be taken into consideration when applying numerical models to assess the benefits of vegetation in estuarine environments.

河口是重要的生态系统，提供多种服务，支持生物多样性，保护内陆地区。然而，这些环境正日益受到城市扩张、人为活动和气候变化的威胁。增强河口恢复力的一个新兴替代方案是保护或实施植被区/湿地，作为基于自然的解决方案（NbS）。水动力模型是理解和预测海岸动力学以及评估NbS和其他海岸干预措施影响的宝贵工具。本研究系统地回顾了水动力学建模工具在不同类型河口湿地（包括红树林和盐沼）的动态和影响评估中的应用研究。相对较少的研究将湿地的实施模拟为NbS。在这篇广泛的综述中考虑的大多数研究都集中在现有植被区域的建模上，为机制理解和验证建模方法提供了坚实的基础，这些方法可以为未来的NbS项目提供信息和指导。结果表明，数值模型可以有效地模拟河口湿地，但在数据分辨率、植被参数化和计算效率等方面仍存在挑战。数值模型还有助于了解湿地提供的关键生态系统服务，包括水质改善和海岸保护，以抵御极端事件或气候变化情景。然而，提供这些服务的效率受到植被健康和土壤稳定性的影响，而植被健康和土壤稳定性受到多种因素的影响。因此，在应用数值模型评估河口环境中植被的效益时，应考虑到当地和详细的场地特定知识。

{"title":"Modelling estuarine wetlands and their role as nature-based solutions: a review","authors":"Mariana Cruz , Paulo C.C. Rosman , C. Marisa R. Almeida , Isabel Iglesias","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estuaries are important ecosystems that provide multiple services, support biodiversity, and protect inland areas. Yet, these environments are increasingly threatened by urban expansion, anthropogenic activities, and climate change. One emerging alternative for enhancing resilience in estuaries is the conservation or implementation of vegetated areas/ wetlands that function as Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Hydrodynamic models are valuable tools for understanding and predicting coastal dynamics, and for evaluating the impacts of NbS and other coastal interventions. This study systematically reviews research on the application of hydrodynamic modelling tools to assess the dynamics and the effects of different types of estuarine wetlands, including mangroves and salt marshes. Relatively few studies have modelled the implementation of wetlands as NbS. Most of the studies considered in this extensive review are focused on modelling existing vegetated areas, providing a strong foundation for mechanistic understanding, and for validating modelling approaches that can inform and guide future NbS projects. Results show that numerical models can effectively simulate estuarine wetlands, though there are still challenges related to data resolution, vegetation parameterization, and computational efficiency. Numerical models also help to understand key ecosystem services provided by wetlands, including water quality improvement and coastal protection against extreme events or climate change scenarios. However, the efficiency in delivering those services is influenced by vegetation health and soil stability, which are affected by multiple factors. Therefore, local and detailed site-specific knowledge should be taken into consideration when applying numerical models to assess the benefits of vegetation in estuarine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181325"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cuticular hydrocarbons in bumblebees change with age and vary with climate along an elevational temperature gradient 大黄蜂的表皮碳氢化合物随年龄变化，并沿海拔温度梯度随气候变化

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181310

Sabine S. Nooten , Zsolt Kárpáti , Johann Neumayer , Benedikt Becsi , Herbert Formayer , Thomas Schmitt

Avoiding desiccation is paramount for all terrestrial insects, especially in climatically challenging mountainous environments characterised by rapid changes in temperature. A key component in the insects' repertoire to avoid water loss is a thin waxy layer on the insects' cuticle - the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). These can be modified to reduce cuticular transpiration, but they are also restricted by their communication function and by physiological properties like age. Here, we use montane bumblebees to assess the relative importance of abiotic features (temperature) and internal factors (relatedness and age) in ‘shaping’ the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. We perform inter- and intraspecific comparisons of twelve species collected along a 1560 m elevational climate gradient (from 800 to 2400 m a.s.l.). Intraspecific analyses revealed that the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are associated with bumblebee worker age. Interspecific comparisons showed that cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are species-specific corroborating the genetic element. Our results suggest that the cuticular hydrocarbon profile responses to abiotic factors - like temperature and humidity - are constrained by physiological features. This highlights the intricacy of different features shaping the CHC profiles and raises issues about the acclimatisation capability of these important pollinators to climate changes. We suggest that future investigations of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles should incorporate physiological features that are related to fitness, such as the insects' nutrition, body size and fat content.

对所有陆生昆虫来说，避免干燥是最重要的，尤其是在气候变化剧烈的山区环境中。昆虫防止水分流失的一个关键因素是其角质层上的一层蜡状物质——角质层碳氢化合物（CHCs）。它们可以被修改以减少角质层的蒸腾作用，但它们也受到它们的通信功能和生理特性（如年龄）的限制。在这里，我们使用山地大黄蜂来评估非生物特征（温度）和内部因素（相关性和年龄）在“塑造”表皮碳氢化合物剖面中的相对重要性。我们对沿海拔1560 m的气候梯度（从800到2400 m a.s.l）采集的12种植物进行种间和种内比较。种内分析表明，表皮烃分布与工蜂年龄有关。种间比较表明，角质层的碳氢化合物分布具有种特异性，证实了遗传因素。我们的研究结果表明，表皮碳氢化合物剖面对非生物因素（如温度和湿度）的响应受到生理特征的限制。这突出了形成CHC分布的不同特征的复杂性，并提出了这些重要传粉媒介对气候变化的适应能力问题。我们建议未来对表皮烃谱的研究应纳入与适合度相关的生理特征，如昆虫的营养、体型和脂肪含量。

{"title":"Cuticular hydrocarbons in bumblebees change with age and vary with climate along an elevational temperature gradient","authors":"Sabine S. Nooten , Zsolt Kárpáti , Johann Neumayer , Benedikt Becsi , Herbert Formayer , Thomas Schmitt","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avoiding desiccation is paramount for all terrestrial insects, especially in climatically challenging mountainous environments characterised by rapid changes in temperature. A key component in the insects' repertoire to avoid water loss is a thin waxy layer on the insects' cuticle - the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). These can be modified to reduce cuticular transpiration, but they are also restricted by their communication function and by physiological properties like age. Here, we use montane bumblebees to assess the relative importance of abiotic features (temperature) and internal factors (relatedness and age) in ‘shaping’ the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. We perform inter- and intraspecific comparisons of twelve species collected along a 1560 m elevational climate gradient (from 800 to 2400 m a.s.l.). Intraspecific analyses revealed that the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are associated with bumblebee worker age. Interspecific comparisons showed that cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are species-specific corroborating the genetic element. Our results suggest that the cuticular hydrocarbon profile responses to abiotic factors - like temperature and humidity - are constrained by physiological features. This highlights the intricacy of different features shaping the CHC profiles and raises issues about the acclimatisation capability of these important pollinators to climate changes. We suggest that future investigations of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles should incorporate physiological features that are related to fitness, such as the insects' nutrition, body size and fat content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of climate change on invasive fish species and the vulnerability of tropical freshwater ecoregions 气候变化对热带淡水生态区入侵鱼类及脆弱性的影响

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181359

Renata Guimarães Frederico , Carla Patrícia de Souza , Gilberto Nepomuceno Salvador , André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães , Mário Orsi , Rafael Pereira Leitão

Biological invasions and climate change are major drivers of biodiversity loss, yet their combined effects on freshwater ecosystems in tropical regions remain poorly understood. Here, we assess the current and future climatic suitability of Brazil's freshwater ecoregions for non-native fish species and identify regions most vulnerable to biological invasions under climate change. We compiled a comprehensive database of non-native freshwater fishes in Brazil and modeled the potential distributions of 138 species using ecological niche models (ENMs). Occurrence records from native and non-native ranges, bioclimatic variables, and three climatic scenarios (current, SSP2–4.5, SSP5–8.5). We overlaid model projections with Brazil's freshwater ecoregions to quantify changes in suitable areas and identify invasion hotspots. Model performance was good, AUC values ranging from 0.80 ± 0.06 to 1.00 ± 0.01 and TSS values from 0.61 ± 0.08 to 1.00 ± 0.02. Most non-native species (65–66 %) are projected to lose climatically suitable areas under future conditions, particularly in northern ecoregions such as the Amazon Basin. In contrast, several ecoregions in southern and southeastern Brazil are expected to remain or become increasingly suitable for non-native species, despite an overall reduction in suitability at large scale. These regions are also those most affected by urbanization, habitat fragmentation, aquaculture, and hydropower development, which may amplify invasion risks. Our findings demonstrate that climate change will shift invasion risk toward southern Brazil, reinforcing the need for targeted prevention, improved aquaculture management, and awareness programs to reduce the establishment and spread of non-native freshwater fishes.

生物入侵和气候变化是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素，但它们对热带地区淡水生态系统的综合影响仍知之甚少。在这里，我们评估了巴西淡水生态区对非本地鱼类的当前和未来气候适应性，并确定了气候变化下最容易受到生物入侵的地区。我们建立了巴西非本地淡水鱼类的综合数据库，并利用生态位模型（ENMs）对138种鱼类的潜在分布进行了建模。本地和非本地范围、生物气候变量和3种气候情景（当前、SSP2-4.5、SSP5-8.5）的发生记录。我们将模型预测与巴西的淡水生态区叠加在一起，量化了合适地区的变化，并确定了入侵热点。模型性能良好，AUC值为0.80±0.06 ~ 1.00±0.01，TSS值为0.61±0.08 ~ 1.00±0.02。预计在未来条件下，大多数非本地物种（65 - 66%）将失去气候适宜的区域，特别是在亚马逊盆地等北部生态区域。相比之下，巴西南部和东南部的几个生态区预计将保持或变得越来越适合非本土物种，尽管大规模的适宜性总体上有所下降。这些地区也是受城市化、栖息地破碎化、水产养殖和水电开发影响最严重的地区，这可能会加大入侵风险。我们的研究结果表明，气候变化将使入侵风险向巴西南部转移，因此需要有针对性的预防、改善水产养殖管理和提高认识计划，以减少非本地淡水鱼的建立和传播。

{"title":"Effects of climate change on invasive fish species and the vulnerability of tropical freshwater ecoregions","authors":"Renata Guimarães Frederico , Carla Patrícia de Souza , Gilberto Nepomuceno Salvador , André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães , Mário Orsi , Rafael Pereira Leitão","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological invasions and climate change are major drivers of biodiversity loss, yet their combined effects on freshwater ecosystems in tropical regions remain poorly understood. Here, we assess the current and future climatic suitability of Brazil's freshwater ecoregions for non-native fish species and identify regions most vulnerable to biological invasions under climate change. We compiled a comprehensive database of non-native freshwater fishes in Brazil and modeled the potential distributions of 138 species using ecological niche models (ENMs). Occurrence records from native and non-native ranges, bioclimatic variables, and three climatic scenarios (current, SSP2–4.5, SSP5–8.5). We overlaid model projections with Brazil's freshwater ecoregions to quantify changes in suitable areas and identify invasion hotspots. Model performance was good, AUC values ranging from 0.80 ± 0.06 to 1.00 ± 0.01 and TSS values from 0.61 ± 0.08 to 1.00 ± 0.02. Most non-native species (65–66 %) are projected to lose climatically suitable areas under future conditions, particularly in northern ecoregions such as the Amazon Basin. In contrast, several ecoregions in southern and southeastern Brazil are expected to remain or become increasingly suitable for non-native species, despite an overall reduction in suitability at large scale. These regions are also those most affected by urbanization, habitat fragmentation, aquaculture, and hydropower development, which may amplify invasion risks. Our findings demonstrate that climate change will shift invasion risk toward southern Brazil, reinforcing the need for targeted prevention, improved aquaculture management, and awareness programs to reduce the establishment and spread of non-native freshwater fishes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 181359"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0