Science of the Total Environment最新文献_第5页

Low-dose acidification of cattle slurry with sulfuric acid enhances oilseed-rape yield but risks elevated sulfide formation during prolonged storage

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179014

Yusra Zireeni , Davey L. Jones , David R. Chadwick , Maarit I. Mäenpää , Peter Sørensen

Slurry acidification using sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is an effective strategy for reducing ammonia and methane emissions during storage while providing a valuable source of sulfur (S) for crops. However, the optimal H₂SO₄ dose for balancing emission mitigation, S availability, and cost-effectiveness remains unclear, particularly concerning the formation of undesirable sulfides during storage. This study investigated the effects of H₂SO₄ dose on S transformations during storage of cattle slurry (CS), anaerobically digested slurry (DS), the liquid fraction of separated digested slurry (LFDS), and the subsequent S fertilizer replacement value (SFRV) for oilseed rape (OSR). A 5-month storage experiment at 10 °C was conducted, followed by a pot experiment. Each slurry type received three H₂SO₄ doses targeting pH values of 6.5, 5.5, and 4.5. Slurry pH, redox potential, dissolved sulfate, and sulfide were monitored during storage. S offtake in OSR biomass was measured at harvest, and the SFRV was assessed. Low-dose acidification of CS to pH 6.5 triggered rapid sulfate reduction to sulfide within 4 weeks of storage, while in the DS and LFDS treatments, sulfide formation was delayed at the low acid dose. The highest dose of acidification to pH ≤ 4.5 maintained lower pH and sulfide levels in all stored slurry types. The SFRV of non-acidified slurry ranged from 19 to 24 % of total slurry S, increasing with acidification and higher sulfate+sulfide content. These results suggest that low-dose acidification with H₂SO₄ can satisfy crop S demands but may lead to undesired sulfide formation during storage, although this effect is delayed in digested slurries.

{"title":"Low-dose acidification of cattle slurry with sulfuric acid enhances oilseed-rape yield but risks elevated sulfide formation during prolonged storage","authors":"Yusra Zireeni , Davey L. Jones , David R. Chadwick , Maarit I. Mäenpää , Peter Sørensen","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slurry acidification using sulfuric acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) is an effective strategy for reducing ammonia and methane emissions during storage while providing a valuable source of sulfur (S) for crops. However, the optimal H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> dose for balancing emission mitigation, S availability, and cost-effectiveness remains unclear, particularly concerning the formation of undesirable sulfides during storage. This study investigated the effects of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> dose on S transformations during storage of cattle slurry (CS), anaerobically digested slurry (DS), the liquid fraction of separated digested slurry (LFDS), and the subsequent S fertilizer replacement value (SFRV) for oilseed rape (OSR). A 5-month storage experiment at 10 °C was conducted, followed by a pot experiment. Each slurry type received three H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> doses targeting pH values of 6.5, 5.5, and 4.5. Slurry pH, redox potential, dissolved sulfate, and sulfide were monitored during storage. S offtake in OSR biomass was measured at harvest, and the SFRV was assessed. Low-dose acidification of CS to pH 6.5 triggered rapid sulfate reduction to sulfide within 4 weeks of storage, while in the DS and LFDS treatments, sulfide formation was delayed at the low acid dose. The highest dose of acidification to pH ≤ 4.5 maintained lower pH and sulfide levels in all stored slurry types. The SFRV of non-acidified slurry ranged from 19 to 24 % of total slurry S, increasing with acidification and higher sulfate+sulfide content. These results suggest that low-dose acidification with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> can satisfy crop S demands but may lead to undesired sulfide formation during storage, although this effect is delayed in digested slurries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 179014"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributions and partitioning of airborne Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in urban atmosphere of Northern New Jersey

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179037

Ying Yao , Xinting Wang , Fangzhou Liu , Wen Zhang , Francisco J. Artigas , Yuan Gao

This study collected gas-phase and particulate samples, wet deposition, and total deposition from the urban atmosphere in Northern New Jersey to determine the atmospheric characteristics of airborne ionic Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). The results showed higher PFAS concentrations in the gas phase (197.7 ± 47.9 pg·m⁻³) compared to the particulate samples (48.3 ± 47.9 pg·m⁻³), indicating higher inhalation risks to human health. Short-chain alternative PFAS, such as perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), had higher concentrations in the gas-phase than the US EPA-regulated PFAS (e.g., PFHpA reached 142.6 ± 28.0 pg·m⁻³). Additionally, PFHpA had the lowest rain-air partition coefficient, suggesting its preferential distribution in the gas phase. In contrast, perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) exhibited the highest levels of both the total deposition rate (12.4 ± 29.0 μg·m⁻² yr⁻¹) and wet deposition rate (40.2 ± 76.0 μg·m⁻² yr⁻¹) among the 24 PFAS analyzed in this study. Most PFAS had higher wet deposition fluxes than total deposition fluxes, indicating they may predominately accumulate at the water-air interfaces and could re-enter the atmosphere. Legacy perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) still had the highest concentrations (12.3 ± 8.5 pg·m⁻³) in particulate samples, ranking second in both gas-phase and total deposition samples and third in wet deposition samples. The results reveal that airborne PFAS in urban environments could pose negative impacts on human health and the natural environment.

{"title":"Distributions and partitioning of airborne Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in urban atmosphere of Northern New Jersey","authors":"Ying Yao , Xinting Wang , Fangzhou Liu , Wen Zhang , Francisco J. Artigas , Yuan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study collected gas-phase and particulate samples, wet deposition, and total deposition from the urban atmosphere in Northern New Jersey to determine the atmospheric characteristics of airborne ionic <em>Per</em>- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). The results showed higher PFAS concentrations in the gas phase (197.7 ± 47.9 pg·m<sup>−3</sup>) compared to the particulate samples (48.3 ± 47.9 pg·m<sup>−3</sup>), indicating higher inhalation risks to human health. Short-chain alternative PFAS, such as perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), had higher concentrations in the gas-phase than the US EPA-regulated PFAS (e.g., PFHpA reached 142.6 ± 28.0 pg·m<sup>−3</sup>). Additionally, PFHpA had the lowest rain-air partition coefficient, suggesting its preferential distribution in the gas phase. In contrast, perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) exhibited the highest levels of both the total deposition rate (12.4 ± 29.0 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) and wet deposition rate (40.2 ± 76.0 μg·m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) among the 24 PFAS analyzed in this study. Most PFAS had higher wet deposition fluxes than total deposition fluxes, indicating they may predominately accumulate at the water-air interfaces and could re-enter the atmosphere. Legacy perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) still had the highest concentrations (12.3 ± 8.5 pg·m<sup>−3</sup>) in particulate samples, ranking second in both gas-phase and total deposition samples and third in wet deposition samples. The results reveal that airborne PFAS in urban environments could pose negative impacts on human health and the natural environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 179037"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trophic ecology and mercury bioaccumulation among Lake Superior lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) ecotypes

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178984

Dalton C. Norris , Shawn P. Sitar , Jill A. Olin , Gordon Paterson

The Lake Superior lake charr population consists of siscowet, lean, humper and redfin ecological morphotypes or ecotypes. In addition to morphological and physiological differences, these fish occupy different habitats in Lake Superior and partition various invertebrate and fish prey resources. In this study, we measured the stable isotopes of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) and mercury (Hg) concentrations among these ecotypes collected from the waters surrounding Lake Superior's Isle Royale. Average Hg concentrations were highest for redfins (1386 ng/g dry wt) followed by siscowets (826 ng/g), humpers (799 ng/g) and leans (519 ng/g) and differed significantly among the ecotypes (p < 0.05). This pattern in Hg concentrations was generally consistent following corrections for size differences among ecotypes but with length corrected Hg concentrations for humpers (1185 ng/g) being higher than redfins (1075 ng/g). δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N results demonstrated a high degree of overlap among ecotypes suggesting that none occupy a unique niche in the waters surrounding Isle Royale. Modeling efforts indicated that differences in growth efficiencies among ecotypes likely contribute to the observed differences in Hg bioaccumulation. Specifically, differences with respect to the extent of insectivorous foraging in the diet likely regulate growth efficiencies and the extent of Hg bioaccumulation realized among ecotypes.

{"title":"Trophic ecology and mercury bioaccumulation among Lake Superior lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) ecotypes","authors":"Dalton C. Norris , Shawn P. Sitar , Jill A. Olin , Gordon Paterson","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Lake Superior lake charr population consists of siscowet, lean, humper and redfin ecological morphotypes or ecotypes. In addition to morphological and physiological differences, these fish occupy different habitats in Lake Superior and partition various invertebrate and fish prey resources. In this study, we measured the stable isotopes of carbon (δ<sup>13</sup>C) and nitrogen (δ<sup>15</sup>N) and mercury (Hg) concentrations among these ecotypes collected from the waters surrounding Lake Superior's Isle Royale. Average Hg concentrations were highest for redfins (1386 ng/g dry wt) followed by siscowets (826 ng/g), humpers (799 ng/g) and leans (519 ng/g) and differed significantly among the ecotypes (<em>p</em> < 0.05). This pattern in Hg concentrations was generally consistent following corrections for size differences among ecotypes but with length corrected Hg concentrations for humpers (1185 ng/g) being higher than redfins (1075 ng/g). δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N results demonstrated a high degree of overlap among ecotypes suggesting that none occupy a unique niche in the waters surrounding Isle Royale. Modeling efforts indicated that differences in growth efficiencies among ecotypes likely contribute to the observed differences in Hg bioaccumulation. Specifically, differences with respect to the extent of insectivorous foraging in the diet likely regulate growth efficiencies and the extent of Hg bioaccumulation realized among ecotypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 178984"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity of isotopic composition of anthropogenic radioactivity on glaciers in the Alps

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179025

Dariusz Sala , Edyta Łokas , Roberto Ambrosini , Giovanni Baccolo , Sylwia Błażej , Jakub Buda , Arianna Crosta , Anna Cwanek , Biagio Di Mauro , Francesca Pittino , Riccardo Scotti

The dark sediment on the surface of glaciers, called cryoconite, plays an important role in accumulating various contaminants during glacier melting. One of the high-risk is anthropogenic fallout radioisotopes, which have been accumulating since 1945. The melting of alpine glaciers is accelerating, rapidly releasing stored pollutants, and becoming secondary sources of radioisotopes for nearby ecosystems. This study indicates the potential sources of radioisotopes based on their signatures with global and local signals using wide sampling covering eight glaciers in distinct regions of the Alps. For this purpose, the activity ratios of anthropogenic radionuclides (²³⁸Pu/^239+240Pu, ^239+240Pu/¹³⁷Cs, ²⁴¹Am/^239+240Pu) and mass ratios (²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu) were determined. The activity ratio of ²³⁸Pu/^239+240Pu in Alpine glaciers shows that plutonium-related radioactivity is mostly from global fallout, with an additional contribution from the atmospheric re-entry of the SNAP 9A satellite. ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atomic ratio suggests the heterogeneous contribution of low- and high-yielded nuclear detonations. The activity ratios of ²⁴¹Am/^239+240Pu are partly comparable to the reference isotopic ratio for global fallout, but the impact of unknown local radioactive contamination source(s) is also considered. The post-Chernobyl and global fallout account of ¹³⁷Cs in the examined glacial area of the Alps. The results confirm the ability of cryoconite to accumulate artificial radioisotopes while recording the influence of multiple regional and global sources. Cryoconite is confirmed as an extremely valuable environmental matrix for studying radioactive contamination in glacial environments.

{"title":"Diversity of isotopic composition of anthropogenic radioactivity on glaciers in the Alps","authors":"Dariusz Sala , Edyta Łokas , Roberto Ambrosini , Giovanni Baccolo , Sylwia Błażej , Jakub Buda , Arianna Crosta , Anna Cwanek , Biagio Di Mauro , Francesca Pittino , Riccardo Scotti","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dark sediment on the surface of glaciers, called cryoconite, plays an important role in accumulating various contaminants during glacier melting. One of the high-risk is anthropogenic fallout radioisotopes, which have been accumulating since 1945. The melting of alpine glaciers is accelerating, rapidly releasing stored pollutants, and becoming secondary sources of radioisotopes for nearby ecosystems. This study indicates the potential sources of radioisotopes based on their signatures with global and local signals using wide sampling covering eight glaciers in distinct regions of the Alps. For this purpose, the activity ratios of anthropogenic radionuclides (<sup>238</sup>Pu/<sup>239+240</sup>Pu, <sup>239+240</sup>Pu/<sup>137</sup>Cs, <sup>241</sup>Am/<sup>239+240</sup>Pu) and mass ratios (<sup>240</sup>Pu/<sup>239</sup>Pu) were determined. The activity ratio of <sup>238</sup>Pu/<sup>239+240</sup>Pu in Alpine glaciers shows that plutonium-related radioactivity is mostly from global fallout, with an additional contribution from the atmospheric re-entry of the SNAP 9A satellite. <sup>240</sup>Pu/<sup>239</sup>Pu atomic ratio suggests the heterogeneous contribution of low- and high-yielded nuclear detonations. The activity ratios of <sup>241</sup>Am/<sup>239+240</sup>Pu are partly comparable to the reference isotopic ratio for global fallout, but the impact of unknown local radioactive contamination source(s) is also considered. The post-Chernobyl and global fallout account of <sup>137</sup>Cs in the examined glacial area of the Alps. The results confirm the ability of cryoconite to accumulate artificial radioisotopes while recording the influence of multiple regional and global sources. Cryoconite is confirmed as an extremely valuable environmental matrix for studying radioactive contamination in glacial environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 179025"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal mechanisms in air pollution exposure-related adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review 与空气污染接触相关的不良妊娠结局中的母体机制：系统回顾

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178999

Krishna Priya Syama , Erica Blais , Premkumari Kumarathasan

Air pollution exposure is linked to various adverse health effects including cardiopulmonary, neurological and reproductive outcomes. Susceptible populations such as pregnant women and infants can be affected to a greater extent compared to healthy individuals. Thus, understanding air pollutant exposure-related toxicity pathways in pregnancy can provide information on developmental origin of health and diseases in both mothers and infants. The objective of this literature review was to explore maternal mechanisms underlying the association between air pollutant exposures and adverse maternal/infant health effects. A total of 209 articles published from 1996 until November 2024 were retrieved using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science using relevant search terms (e.g. “Air Pollution” AND “Maternal” AND “Infant” AND “Health” AND “Biomarker”). After screening and removal of articles based on exclusion criteria, 36 observational studies were included for the final analysis. There were relatively fewer articles on air pollution exposure-related adverse maternal health effects compared to air-pollution-related adverse infant health effects. Of these articles selected for the final review, 32 studies compared the effects of particulate matter (PM), PM_2.5, few on other (gaseous) pollutants and one study on effects of mixtures of air pollutants. Adverse maternal health effects included hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and clinically recognized early pregnancy loss, while adverse infant health effects ranged from low birth weight, preterm birth, changes in fetal heart rate, crown rump length and fetal hyperinsulinism. Moreover, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, endothelial and metabolic dysfunction were some of the mechanisms implicated in air pollution exposure-related adverse birth outcomes. These findings warrant further validation work and identification of maternal mechanism(s) constituting the causal pathway.

{"title":"Maternal mechanisms in air pollution exposure-related adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review","authors":"Krishna Priya Syama , Erica Blais , Premkumari Kumarathasan","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution exposure is linked to various adverse health effects including cardiopulmonary, neurological and reproductive outcomes. Susceptible populations such as pregnant women and infants can be affected to a greater extent compared to healthy individuals. Thus, understanding air pollutant exposure-related toxicity pathways in pregnancy can provide information on developmental origin of health and diseases in both mothers and infants. The objective of this literature review was to explore maternal mechanisms underlying the association between air pollutant exposures and adverse maternal/infant health effects. A total of 209 articles published from 1996 until November 2024 were retrieved using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science using relevant search terms (e.g. “Air Pollution” AND “Maternal” AND “Infant” AND “Health” AND “Biomarker”). After screening and removal of articles based on exclusion criteria, 36 observational studies were included for the final analysis. There were relatively fewer articles on air pollution exposure-related adverse maternal health effects compared to air-pollution-related adverse infant health effects. Of these articles selected for the final review, 32 studies compared the effects of particulate matter (PM), PM<sub>2.5</sub>, few on other (gaseous) pollutants and one study on effects of mixtures of air pollutants. Adverse maternal health effects included hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and clinically recognized early pregnancy loss, while adverse infant health effects ranged from low birth weight, preterm birth, changes in fetal heart rate, crown rump length and fetal hyperinsulinism. Moreover, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, endothelial and metabolic dysfunction were some of the mechanisms implicated in air pollution exposure-related adverse birth outcomes. These findings warrant further validation work and identification of maternal mechanism(s) constituting the causal pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 178999"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using earth observation to develop a health index for peatlands

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178956

Fred Worrall , Harry S. Gibson , Jason Hopkins , Jamie Young , Donna Lyndsay , Gerardo Lopez-Soldana

Globally peatlands are laterally extensive and represent important stores and sinks of atmospheric carbon. The cold humid island hypothesis proposes that damaged peatlands can be distinguished from functioning peatlands by their relatively dark, bare, dry soils with resulting relatively high daytime and low night-time land surface temperatures. Contrasts in bare soil, vegetation cover and land surface temperature can be readily observed by satellite and so we propose that Earth observation, and the cold humid island hypothesis, can be used to survey, manage and monitor peatlands. Using the NASA MODIS Earth Observation (EO) products allowed the study to directly assess both status and trajectory of peatlands over multi-decadal time at a national scale. The predictions of the cold humid island hypothesis means EO products (albedo, enhanced vegetation index – EVI, daytime land surface temperature, night-time land surface temperature, and the diurnal amplitude in the land surface temperature) can be used to directly assess peatlands without further calibration or correlation to other ecosystem variables. Knowledge of specific sites within a target region means it is possible to use controls to assess absolute and relative status. By considering the state and expected trajectory of the five EO products over British peatlands it was possible to combine the five EO products into a peat health index. When compared to control locations the majority (69 %) of British peatlands showed that they were on a downward trajectory. This downward trajectory was primarily driven by changes in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and, crucially, by deviations from expected trends, as indicated by control variables.

{"title":"Using earth observation to develop a health index for peatlands","authors":"Fred Worrall , Harry S. Gibson , Jason Hopkins , Jamie Young , Donna Lyndsay , Gerardo Lopez-Soldana","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally peatlands are laterally extensive and represent important stores and sinks of atmospheric carbon. The cold humid island hypothesis proposes that damaged peatlands can be distinguished from functioning peatlands by their relatively dark, bare, dry soils with resulting relatively high daytime and low night-time land surface temperatures. Contrasts in bare soil, vegetation cover and land surface temperature can be readily observed by satellite and so we propose that Earth observation, and the cold humid island hypothesis, can be used to survey, manage and monitor peatlands. Using the NASA MODIS Earth Observation (EO) products allowed the study to directly assess both status and trajectory of peatlands over multi-decadal time at a national scale. The predictions of the cold humid island hypothesis means EO products (albedo, enhanced vegetation index – EVI, daytime land surface temperature, night-time land surface temperature, and the diurnal amplitude in the land surface temperature) can be used to directly assess peatlands without further calibration or correlation to other ecosystem variables. Knowledge of specific sites within a target region means it is possible to use controls to assess absolute and relative status. By considering the state and expected trajectory of the five EO products over British peatlands it was possible to combine the five EO products into a peat health index. When compared to control locations the majority (69 %) of British peatlands showed that they were on a downward trajectory. This downward trajectory was primarily driven by changes in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and, crucially, by deviations from expected trends, as indicated by control variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 178956"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a sustainable viticultural supply chain under uncertainty: Integration of data envelopment analysis, artificial neural networks, and a multi-objective optimization model

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178980

Zahra Seyedzadeh, Mohammad Saeed Jabalameli, Ehsan Dehghani

The viticultural supply chain plays a critical role in the agricultural sector, yet its optimization remains understudied despite its economic, environmental, and social significance. This study proposes a multi-objective, sustainable viticultural supply chain network design model that simultaneously minimizes costs, mitigates environmental impacts and enhances social benefits. To address the complexity of vineyard selection, a pioneering hybrid strategy, integrating a data envelopment analysis method and an artificial neural network approach is developed, enabling the identification of optimal vineyard locations based on sustainability criteria. Furthermore, a robust optimization approach is devised to handle uncertainties in the supply chain. The augmented ε-constraint method is employed to solve the multi-objective model, balancing trade-offs among conflicting objectives. A real-world case study in Iran validates the model, demonstrating its efficacy in improving network efficiency, minimizing waste, and maintaining product quality. Sensitivity analysis highlights the robust model's superiority over the deterministic approach, particularly in scenarios with limited historical data and high uncertainty. The findings emphasize the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid strategy in fostering a sustainable and robust viticultural supply chain.

{"title":"Towards a sustainable viticultural supply chain under uncertainty: Integration of data envelopment analysis, artificial neural networks, and a multi-objective optimization model","authors":"Zahra Seyedzadeh, Mohammad Saeed Jabalameli, Ehsan Dehghani","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The viticultural supply chain plays a critical role in the agricultural sector, yet its optimization remains understudied despite its economic, environmental, and social significance. This study proposes a multi-objective, sustainable viticultural supply chain network design model that simultaneously minimizes costs, mitigates environmental impacts and enhances social benefits. To address the complexity of vineyard selection, a pioneering hybrid strategy, integrating a data envelopment analysis method and an artificial neural network approach is developed, enabling the identification of optimal vineyard locations based on sustainability criteria. Furthermore, a robust optimization approach is devised to handle uncertainties in the supply chain. The augmented ε-constraint method is employed to solve the multi-objective model, balancing trade-offs among conflicting objectives. A real-world case study in Iran validates the model, demonstrating its efficacy in improving network efficiency, minimizing waste, and maintaining product quality. Sensitivity analysis highlights the robust model's superiority over the deterministic approach, particularly in scenarios with limited historical data and high uncertainty. The findings emphasize the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid strategy in fostering a sustainable and robust viticultural supply chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 178980"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of a 6-plex Crystal Digital PCR® assay and its application to simultaneous surveillance of enteric and respiratory viruses in wastewater

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178939

Bikash Malla, Sadhana Shrestha, Eiji Haramoto

Multiplex digital PCR (dPCR) approaches are commonly employed in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) studies. However, optimizing the dPCR workflow is a critical step to ensure its reliability and accuracy before application. In this study, a 6-plex Crystal Digital PCR® (cdPCR) workflow was optimized for the simultaneous detection of six epidemiologically important pathogens, including three enteric viruses, noroviruses of genogroups I and II (NoV-GI and GII) and enteroviruses (EnV), and three respiratory viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), influenza A virus (InfA), and respiratory syncytial virus B (RSVB), in wastewater. Four cDNA input ratios (20 %–70 %) and two extraction kits were evaluated for optimization, with 30 % cDNA input and the AllPrep PowerViral DNA/RNA Kit (Qiagen) exhibiting optimal performance. The optimized 6-plex cdPCR assay was applied to a year-long wastewater surveillance study in Japan (n = 52), revealing distinct trends and prevalence ratios for enteric and respiratory viruses. NoV-GII was detected in 96 % of the samples with the highest mean concentration (6.1 ± 0.6 log₁₀ copies/L), while SARS-CoV-2 and InfA were detected in 60 % and 50 % of the samples, respectively, which reflected the circulation of these pathogens within the community. Notably, RSVB was detected less frequently (25 %), in line with the fewer cases of RSVB reported during the study period. The wastewater concentrations of EnV and InfA showed significant positive correlations with hand foot and mouth disease and herpangina and influenza cases, respectively. However, no positive correlations were observed for RSV and COVID-19, possibly due to the testing of RSVB while RSVA was more prevalent and also due to cluster outbreaks. These findings demonstrated the utility of the 6-plex cdPCR assay in detecting pathogens and provided insights into community disease trends, representing an advancement in WBE.

基于废水的流行病学（WBE）研究通常采用多重数字 PCR（dPCR）方法。然而，在应用之前，优化 dPCR 工作流程是确保其可靠性和准确性的关键步骤。在本研究中，对 6 重晶体数字 PCR® (cdPCR) 工作流程进行了优化，以同时检测六种具有重要流行病学意义的病原体，包括三种肠道病毒、I 和 II 基因组诺如病毒（NoV-GI 和 GII）以及肠道病毒（EnV）、以及三种呼吸道病毒，即废水中的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）（它是 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体）、甲型流感病毒（InfA）和呼吸道合胞病毒 B（RSVB）。对四种 cDNA 输入比率（20 %-70 %）和两种提取试剂盒进行了优化评估，其中 30 % cDNA 输入比率和 AllPrep PowerViral DNA/RNA 试剂盒（Qiagen）表现出最佳性能。优化后的 6 重 cdPCR 检测法被应用于日本一项为期一年的废水监测研究（n = 52），结果显示肠道病毒和呼吸道病毒的流行趋势和流行率各不相同。在 96% 的样本中检测到了 NoV-GII，其平均浓度最高（6.1 ± 0.6 log10 copies/L），而在 60% 和 50% 的样本中分别检测到了 SARS-CoV-2 和 InfA，这反映了这些病原体在社区内的流行情况。值得注意的是，RSVB 的检出率较低（25%），这与研究期间报告的 RSVB 病例较少相符。废水中 EnV 和 InfA 的浓度分别与手足口病、疱疹性咽峡炎和流感病例呈显著正相关。然而，RSV 和 COVID-19 没有观察到正相关性，这可能是由于在 RSVA 更为流行时对 RSVB 进行了检测，也可能是由于集群爆发所致。这些研究结果证明了 6 重 cdPCR 检测法在检测病原体方面的实用性，并提供了对社区疾病趋势的洞察力，代表了世界生物多样性评估的进步。

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引用次数: 0

Urinary biomarkers of drinking water disinfection byproducts in relation to blood-based liver function parameters among reproductive-aged Chinese women

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179016

Ping-Ping Gui , Yan-Ling Deng , Min Zhang , Yu Miao , Peng-Hui Liu , Jia-Yue Zeng , Yang Wu , Cheng-Ru Li , Xiao-Ying Liu , Yang-Juan Li , Jin-Qin Zhu , A-Xue Liu , Bin Zhou , Fei Yang , Qiang Zeng

Background

Toxicological studies have documented that disinfection byproducts (DBPs), the ubiquitous drinking water pollutants, induce hepatotoxicity. Yet epidemiological evidence is sparse.

Objective

To assess urinary biomarkers of drinking water DBPs in relation to liver function parameters.

Methods

We included 1204 reproductive-aged women from the Tongji Reproductive and Environmental (TREE) study in Wuhan, China between December 2018 and July 2021. Urinary trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) and dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) as biomarkers of drinking water DBPs were assessed. Serum liver function parameters such as albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined. Urinary DCAA and TCAA concentrations in relation to liver function parameters were examined by multivariate linear regression or restricted cubic spline (RCS) models.

Results

There was no evidence of urinary TCAA in relation to serum parameters of liver function. However, monotonic dose-response relationships were estimated between elevated tertiles of urinary DCAA concentrations and increased serum ALP (percent change = 4.25 %; 95 % CI: 0.34 %, 8.32 % for the upper vs. lower tertile) and TC levels (percent change = 3.84 %; 95 % CI: 0.63 %, 7.17 % for the upper vs. lower tertile). These associations remained for urinary DCAA modeled as the continuous exposure variable and were linear in the RCS models. Age, body mass index, and passive smoking status did not modify these associations.

Conclusion

DCAA but not TCAA exposure may contribute to damaged liver function in reproductive-aged women.

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引用次数: 0

Transformation of organic matter under anoxic conditions in soils

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178899

S.M. Pyzola, P. Dhakal, M.S. Coyne, J.H. Grove, M.M. Vandiviere, C.J. Matocha

The transformation of organic matter under anoxic conditions is mediated by hydrolysis and fermentation processes resulting in products such as acetate and hydrogen which are then utilized by microorganisms in respiration. Respiring microorganisms employ an array of electron acceptors in soils, including nitrate, manganese(IV), iron(III), and sulfate, which are consumed depending on availability and decreasing Gibbs free energy yield. The classical view is that respiration is more rapid than fermentation and these two processes do not co-occur, however, evidence has mounted to challenge this view. In addition, it is unclear how the production of ammonium during ammonification of soil organic nitrogen is intertwined with fermentation and respiration. Accordingly, stirred-batch microcosms were incubated to quantify relevant chemical species over time (acetate, nitrate, iron(II), manganese(II), and ammonium) using native terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) and soil organic matter in four soils varying in drainage status under anoxic conditions. The net rate of acetate production in one of the moderately well-drained (Sadler) soils was 1.1 ± 0.07 μmol g⁻¹ d⁻¹, which was similar to Mn(II) accumulation rates (0.95 ± 0.3 μmol g⁻¹ d⁻¹, P = 0.57). A similar trend was observed in the well-drained (Feliciana) soil, indicating that Mn(IV) respiration and fermentation can co-occur in certain soils. In the other moderately well drained and the poorly drained soil, acetate production was suppressed due in part to elevated native nitrate levels, which raised the redox potential and acted as a competitive electron acceptor. Across all four soils, ammonification rates were positively correlated with acetate formation rates (r = 0.88, P < 0.001), suggesting the possibility of amino acid fermentation during these anoxic incubations. These results challenge the current paradigm that the fermentation step in anoxic organic matter decomposition is slow and Mn(IV) respiration is rapid, with implications for organic matter transformations and nutrient cycling.

{"title":"Transformation of organic matter under anoxic conditions in soils","authors":"S.M. Pyzola, P. Dhakal, M.S. Coyne, J.H. Grove, M.M. Vandiviere, C.J. Matocha","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transformation of organic matter under anoxic conditions is mediated by hydrolysis and fermentation processes resulting in products such as acetate and hydrogen which are then utilized by microorganisms in respiration. Respiring microorganisms employ an array of electron acceptors in soils, including nitrate, manganese(IV), iron(III), and sulfate, which are consumed depending on availability and decreasing Gibbs free energy yield. The classical view is that respiration is more rapid than fermentation and these two processes do not co-occur, however, evidence has mounted to challenge this view. In addition, it is unclear how the production of ammonium during ammonification of soil organic nitrogen is intertwined with fermentation and respiration. Accordingly, stirred-batch microcosms were incubated to quantify relevant chemical species over time (acetate, nitrate, iron(II), manganese(II), and ammonium) using native terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) and soil organic matter in four soils varying in drainage status under anoxic conditions. The net rate of acetate production in one of the moderately well-drained (Sadler) soils was 1.1 ± 0.07 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, which was similar to Mn(II) accumulation rates (0.95 ± 0.3 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, <em>P</em> = 0.57). A similar trend was observed in the well-drained (Feliciana) soil, indicating that Mn(IV) respiration and fermentation can co-occur in certain soils. In the other moderately well drained and the poorly drained soil, acetate production was suppressed due in part to elevated native nitrate levels, which raised the redox potential and acted as a competitive electron acceptor. Across all four soils, ammonification rates were positively correlated with acetate formation rates (<em>r</em> = 0.88, <em>P</em> < 0.001), suggesting the possibility of amino acid fermentation during these anoxic incubations. These results challenge the current paradigm that the fermentation step in anoxic organic matter decomposition is slow and Mn(IV) respiration is rapid, with implications for organic matter transformations and nutrient cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"970 ","pages":"Article 178899"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0