Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179337
Fanny Coutelot , Daniel I. Kaplan , Annie B. Kersting , Mavrik Zavarin , Brian A. Powell
Seasonal stratification in temperate lakes deeper than a few meters creates favorable conditions for pronounced vertical redox zones, often resulting in anaerobic hypolimnions and significant geochemical changes. This study examined thermocline formation and trace element behavior in a seasonally stratified pond amid rising air temperatures. Over two years, data were collected from Pond B at the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site in Aiken, South Carolina. Pond B, a man-made monomictic reservoir, received cooling water from a nuclear reactor from 1961 to 1964. Strong thermal stratification forms a distinct thermocline in May and progresses downward until November. Compared to the 1980s, this study shows a delayed onset and extended duration of stratification. The prolonged summer stratification reduces deep water oxygen replenishment, extending hypoxic conditions. Trace and major elements sampled in the water column revealed strong correlations between As, Fe, and Mn profiles, with concentrations increasing by 1–2 orders of magnitude in the anaerobic hypolimnion. This period captured the seasonal transition from winter mixing to summer stratification to fall overturn. Under anoxic conditions, Fe(III) reduces to Fe(II) in the sediment, releasing dissolved iron into the water column. The extended anoxic periods likely promoted arsenic release from sediments. Prolonged anoxia may enhance arsenic mobilization and solubility in the lake. This study illustrates how climate-induced changes in seasonal stratification of contaminated waters can convert contaminant sinks into sources, offering insights into the cycling of arsenic and other dissolved ions in stratified lakes and their implications for water quality management.
{"title":"Effect of seasonal anoxia on geochemical cycling in a stratified pond: Comparison to cooler pond conditions 40 years ago","authors":"Fanny Coutelot , Daniel I. Kaplan , Annie B. Kersting , Mavrik Zavarin , Brian A. Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seasonal stratification in temperate lakes deeper than a few meters creates favorable conditions for pronounced vertical redox zones, often resulting in anaerobic hypolimnions and significant geochemical changes. This study examined thermocline formation and trace element behavior in a seasonally stratified pond amid rising air temperatures. Over two years, data were collected from Pond B at the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site in Aiken, South Carolina. Pond B, a man-made monomictic reservoir, received cooling water from a nuclear reactor from 1961 to 1964. Strong thermal stratification forms a distinct thermocline in May and progresses downward until November. Compared to the 1980s, this study shows a delayed onset and extended duration of stratification. The prolonged summer stratification reduces deep water oxygen replenishment, extending hypoxic conditions. Trace and major elements sampled in the water column revealed strong correlations between As, Fe, and Mn profiles, with concentrations increasing by 1–2 orders of magnitude in the anaerobic hypolimnion. This period captured the seasonal transition from winter mixing to summer stratification to fall overturn. Under anoxic conditions, Fe(III) reduces to Fe(II) in the sediment, releasing dissolved iron into the water column. The extended anoxic periods likely promoted arsenic release from sediments. Prolonged anoxia may enhance arsenic mobilization and solubility in the lake. This study illustrates how climate-induced changes in seasonal stratification of contaminated waters can convert contaminant sinks into sources, offering insights into the cycling of arsenic and other dissolved ions in stratified lakes and their implications for water quality management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179337"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179321
Fulufhelo N. Mukwevho , J. Mbanga , Linda A. Bester , Arshad Ismail , Sabiha Y. Essack , Akebe L.K. Abia
Aquatic environments, including wastewater and surface water (rivers and streams), increasingly harbour third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and drug-resistant Enterococcus faecium, presenting a transmission risk to humans, animals, and plants. We investigated the resistome, mobilome, and phylogenetic relationships of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and E. faecium in surface water from two cities using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Water samples (500 mL) from streams near informal settlements in Durban and Pietermaritzburg were filtered through 0.45 μm membrane filters. E. faecium and E. coli were identified on selective media and tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the VITEK® 2 platform. DNA was extracted from isolates for WGS to delineate the resistome, mobilome, multi-locus strain types (STs) and phylogenetic relationships using the open-source CARD, CGE, RAST, BV-BRC and PubMLST tools. Eleven E. faecium and 12 E. coli isolates were molecularly identified. Antibiotic resistance was observed in seven E. coli belonging to two STs and seven E. faecium belonging to five STs. Third and fourth-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli (3/7) were found in Durban. These isolates did not harbour extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes conferring cephalosporin resistance but had the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump for multiple antibiotic resistance. E. coli harboured blaTEM-1, sul1, sul3, and dfrA12, conferring resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam and cotrimoxazole, respectively. Also, E. faecium harboured qnrB19, qnrS1, tet(A), cmlA1, aadA1 and aadA2. tet(M), tet(L), msr(C) and erm(B) conferring resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin, respectively. ARGs and MGEs in E. faecium were mostly chromosome-borne. Plasmid-carried ARGs were associated with IS1, IS1B, IS6, IS256 and ISKpn19, and the Tn3 transposons in E. coli. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationships with other South African human, animal and environmental isolates. These ARGs, associated with MGEs, present possible transmission routes of these resistance genes within and across bacterial species in aquatic environments, making these surface waters potential reservoirs for antibiotic resistance transmission.
{"title":"Potential environmental transmission of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium harbouring multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in surface waters close to informal settlements: A tale of two cities","authors":"Fulufhelo N. Mukwevho , J. Mbanga , Linda A. Bester , Arshad Ismail , Sabiha Y. Essack , Akebe L.K. Abia","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic environments, including wastewater and surface water (rivers and streams), increasingly harbour third-generation cephalosporin-resistant <em>Escherichia coli</em> and drug-resistant <em>Enterococcus faecium</em>, presenting a transmission risk to humans, animals, and plants. We investigated the resistome, mobilome, and phylogenetic relationships of antibiotic-resistant <em>E. coli</em> and <em>E. faecium</em> in surface water from two cities using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Water samples (500 mL) from streams near informal settlements in Durban and Pietermaritzburg were filtered through 0.45 μm membrane filters. <em>E. faecium</em> and <em>E. coli</em> were identified on selective media and tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the VITEK® 2 platform. DNA was extracted from isolates for WGS to delineate the resistome, mobilome, multi-locus strain types (STs) and phylogenetic relationships using the open-source CARD, CGE, RAST, BV-BRC and PubMLST tools. Eleven <em>E. faecium</em> and 12 <em>E. coli</em> isolates were molecularly identified. Antibiotic resistance was observed in seven <em>E. coli</em> belonging to two STs and seven <em>E. faecium</em> belonging to five STs. Third and fourth-generation cephalosporin-resistant <em>E. coli</em> (3/7) were found in Durban. These isolates did not harbour extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes conferring cephalosporin resistance but had the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump for multiple antibiotic resistance. <em>E. coli</em> harboured <em>bla</em>TEM-1, <em>sul</em>1, <em>sul</em>3, and <em>dfr</em>A12, conferring resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam and cotrimoxazole, respectively. Also, <em>E. faecium</em> harboured <em>qnr</em>B19, <em>qnr</em>S1, <em>tet</em>(A), <em>cml</em>A1, <em>aad</em>A1 and <em>aad</em>A2. <em>tet</em>(M), <em>tet</em>(L), <em>msr</em>(C) and <em>erm</em>(B) conferring resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin, respectively. ARGs and MGEs in <em>E. faecium</em> were mostly chromosome-borne. Plasmid-carried ARGs were associated with IS1, IS1B, IS6, IS256 and ISKpn19, and the Tn3 transposons in <em>E. coli</em>. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationships with other South African human, animal and environmental isolates. These ARGs, associated with MGEs, present possible transmission routes of these resistance genes within and across bacterial species in aquatic environments, making these surface waters potential reservoirs for antibiotic resistance transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179321"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179234
Léa Braud , Lala Ramazanova , Daria Lebedeva , Suthawan Muangmeesri , Elisabeth Ekener , Joseph S.M. Samec
Bark represents 10 % dry weight of spruce trees and is a major side stream from pulp production. Currently, pulp mills burn bark to produce energy with a low economic value, directly emitting biogenic carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Biorefining bark using a continuous flow-through fractionation process generates high added-value compounds (tall oil, starch, phenol, and pulp) that allow for extended carbon storage durations. This study assesses the potential future environmental impacts of valorising bark instead of burning it. We conduct a LCA study combining a prospective consequential modelling perspective with an input-related functional unit and account for the effects of storing biogenic carbon in the bark-based products. Our findings show that biorefining bark maintains lower environmental impacts than combustion, reducing time-differentiated climate impacts by up to 30 %, but only when the carbon dioxide used for pulping is recirculated and the fractionation processes are integrated with a co-located pulp mill supplying surplus waste energy, considered to have no associated environmental impacts. Storing biogenic carbon for a longer period of time has a positive effect on mitigating short-term climate impacts. However, our analysis reveals that while time-dependent climate impacts decrease, there is an increase in human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts, with combustion performing better in these categories. This highlights the importance of expanding the scope of LCA studies to include impacts beyond climate change. Overall, this work demonstrates that combining a prospective consequential modelling perspective with an input-related functional unit is a relevant approach to study potential future impacts of emerging biorefineries and thus supports the development of a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
{"title":"To burn or valorise bark from a pulp mill: Environmental sustainability analysis using prospective consequential life cycle assessment","authors":"Léa Braud , Lala Ramazanova , Daria Lebedeva , Suthawan Muangmeesri , Elisabeth Ekener , Joseph S.M. Samec","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bark represents 10 % dry weight of spruce trees and is a major side stream from pulp production. Currently, pulp mills burn bark to produce energy with a low economic value, directly emitting biogenic carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Biorefining bark using a continuous flow-through fractionation process generates high added-value compounds (tall oil, starch, phenol, and pulp) that allow for extended carbon storage durations. This study assesses the potential future environmental impacts of valorising bark instead of burning it. We conduct a LCA study combining a prospective consequential modelling perspective with an input-related functional unit and account for the effects of storing biogenic carbon in the bark-based products. Our findings show that biorefining bark maintains lower environmental impacts than combustion, reducing time-differentiated climate impacts by up to 30 %, but only when the carbon dioxide used for pulping is recirculated and the fractionation processes are integrated with a co-located pulp mill supplying surplus waste energy, considered to have no associated environmental impacts. Storing biogenic carbon for a longer period of time has a positive effect on mitigating short-term climate impacts. However, our analysis reveals that while time-dependent climate impacts decrease, there is an increase in human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts, with combustion performing better in these categories. This highlights the importance of expanding the scope of LCA studies to include impacts beyond climate change. Overall, this work demonstrates that combining a prospective consequential modelling perspective with an input-related functional unit is a relevant approach to study potential future impacts of emerging biorefineries and thus supports the development of a sustainable circular bioeconomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179234"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179299
Dario Pumo, Matteo Ippolito, Francesco Alongi, Antonio Francipane, Leonardo V. Noto
Green roofs are climate-adaptive measures able to address many urban challenges like heat islands, water scarcity, floodings, pollution and biodiversity loss. Recently, the “blue-green roof” variant has gained attention for its enhanced functionality, since, incorporating a high-capacity storage layer, they can retain significant amount of rainwater. This last can be gradually released, reducing stress on urban drainage during heavy storms, sustain passive irrigation and provide greywater for reuse. Modelling green infrastructures is essential for optimizing design and efficacy, and, in this context, ecohydrological models, which capture the complex ecological and hydrological interactions, offer a valuable option.
This study introduces the ECO-hydrological Polder Roof mOdel (ECO-PRO), a tailored ecohydrological model specifically for multilayer green roofs. ECO-PRO is a numerical model able to simulate dynamically the blue-green roofs hydrological response to climate conditions and management practices, estimating water flow and storage across layers. The model was implemented based on an experimental site in Palermo (Italy), using a high-resolution dataset and performing parameters optimization through genetic algorithms. Simulated water fluxes and time series of soil moisture and outflow generated by the system demonstrated strong alignment with observed data over a three-year monitoring period, with robust performance indicators. Notably, the coefficient of determination (R2) for daily runoff was 0.88. Parameter sensitivity and uncertainty assessments further validated the model's reliability. A test model application accurately captured stormwater retention after prolonged rainy spells (R2 = 0.91), confirming its effectiveness for the dynamic assessment of water volumes released and retained by the system.
{"title":"Modelling the hydrological response of blue-green roofs: ECO-PRO model","authors":"Dario Pumo, Matteo Ippolito, Francesco Alongi, Antonio Francipane, Leonardo V. Noto","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green roofs are climate-adaptive measures able to address many urban challenges like heat islands, water scarcity, floodings, pollution and biodiversity loss. Recently, the “blue-green roof” variant has gained attention for its enhanced functionality, since, incorporating a high-capacity storage layer, they can retain significant amount of rainwater. This last can be gradually released, reducing stress on urban drainage during heavy storms, sustain passive irrigation and provide greywater for reuse. Modelling green infrastructures is essential for optimizing design and efficacy, and, in this context, ecohydrological models, which capture the complex ecological and hydrological interactions, offer a valuable option.</div><div>This study introduces the ECO-hydrological Polder Roof mOdel (ECO-PRO), a tailored ecohydrological model specifically for multilayer green roofs. ECO-PRO is a numerical model able to simulate dynamically the blue-green roofs hydrological response to climate conditions and management practices, estimating water flow and storage across layers. The model was implemented based on an experimental site in Palermo (Italy), using a high-resolution dataset and performing parameters optimization through genetic algorithms. Simulated water fluxes and time series of soil moisture and outflow generated by the system demonstrated strong alignment with observed data over a three-year monitoring period, with robust performance indicators. Notably, the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) for daily runoff was 0.88. Parameter sensitivity and uncertainty assessments further validated the model's reliability. A test model application accurately captured stormwater retention after prolonged rainy spells (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.91), confirming its effectiveness for the dynamic assessment of water volumes released and retained by the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179299"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater streams has presented significant challenges towards their removal. In the recent decade, bulk micro (1–100 μm) and nanobubble (50–150 nm) (MNB) technology has exhibited technological advancements via integration of MNB technology in degrading organic pollutants from wastewater streams. The present review critically analyses the physico-chemical properties such as stability, zeta potential, mass transfer rates, rising velocity and size distribution of MNBs. The paradigm shift from conventional wastewater treatment to more sustainable solution is initiated by the production of OH− ions and free radicals for the degradation of organic pollutants by the MNB technology. Applications of MNBs are also explored in various wastewater treatment processes such as floatation, membrane cleaning, adsorption, aeration, and advanced oxidation processes. Future researches highlighting the challenges in the development of efficient and robust MNB technology and its real-time applications have also been highlighted. It is anticipated that MNBs could be a sustainable and economic solution for wastewater treatment.
{"title":"A critical review on the properties and applications of bulk micro and nanobubbles for the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater treatment","authors":"Arijit Dutta Gupta , Vivek Kumar Jaiswal , Karan Chabhadiya , Ram Sharan Singh , M.K. Gupta , Harinder Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater streams has presented significant challenges towards their removal. In the recent decade, bulk micro (1–100 μm) and nanobubble (50–150 nm) (MNB) technology has exhibited technological advancements via integration of MNB technology in degrading organic pollutants from wastewater streams. The present review critically analyses the physico-chemical properties such as stability, zeta potential, mass transfer rates, rising velocity and size distribution of MNBs. The paradigm shift from conventional wastewater treatment to more sustainable solution is initiated by the production of OH<sup>−</sup> ions and free radicals for the degradation of organic pollutants by the MNB technology. Applications of MNBs are also explored in various wastewater treatment processes such as floatation, membrane cleaning, adsorption, aeration, and advanced oxidation processes. Future researches highlighting the challenges in the development of efficient and robust MNB technology and its real-time applications have also been highlighted. It is anticipated that MNBs could be a sustainable and economic solution for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179345
Kamran Tanwari , Paweł Terefenko , Xiaohao Shi , Jakub Śledziowski , Andrzej Giza
Over the past century, coastal zones have experienced significant population growth and rapid development, often conflicting with these environments' dynamic and sensitive nature. The present study investigated five decades (1972–2023) of shoreline dynamics and land-use/land-cover (LULC) transformations along three study sectors located on a 47 km stretch of the Southern Baltic coastline. The research employed eleven multispectral Landsat MSS/TM/OLI images within a geographic information system (GIS) framework to analyze coastline variations and LULC patterns. Results showed significant accretion in Sector I (Usedom), while Sectors II and III (Wolin) experienced marked erosion. Over the entire study period, 29.59 % (3.21 km), 39.90 % (4.51 km), and 67.54 % (9.45 km) of the shorelines in Sector-I, Sector-II, and Sector-III experienced erosion. The distance correlation showed that hydrometeorological variables associated with wind-wave dynamics, exerted a stronger influence on shoreline changes. The LULC change analysis highlighted a decline in forest cover (−846.86 ha) and increased built-up areas (+1137.86) across all sectors. These results enabled the identification of four coastal vulnerability zones—one in Usedom and three in Wolin—characterized by pronounced erosion, forest degradation, and urban expansion. These findings can inform coastal management strategies by identifying high-risk zones, guiding sustainable development practices, and prioritizing areas for conservation and intervention.
{"title":"Coastal zones vulnerability evaluation in the southern Baltic Sea: Shoreline dynamics and land use/land cover changes over five decades","authors":"Kamran Tanwari , Paweł Terefenko , Xiaohao Shi , Jakub Śledziowski , Andrzej Giza","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past century, coastal zones have experienced significant population growth and rapid development, often conflicting with these environments' dynamic and sensitive nature. The present study investigated five decades (1972–2023) of shoreline dynamics and land-use/land-cover (LULC) transformations along three study sectors located on a 47 km stretch of the Southern Baltic coastline. The research employed eleven multispectral Landsat MSS/TM/OLI images within a geographic information system (GIS) framework to analyze coastline variations and LULC patterns. Results showed significant accretion in Sector I (Usedom), while Sectors II and III (Wolin) experienced marked erosion. Over the entire study period, 29.59 % (3.21 km), 39.90 % (4.51 km), and 67.54 % (9.45 km) of the shorelines in Sector-I, Sector-II, and Sector-III experienced erosion. The distance correlation showed that hydrometeorological variables associated with wind-wave dynamics, exerted a stronger influence on shoreline changes. The LULC change analysis highlighted a decline in forest cover (−846.86 ha) and increased built-up areas (+1137.86) across all sectors. These results enabled the identification of four coastal vulnerability zones—one in Usedom and three in Wolin—characterized by pronounced erosion, forest degradation, and urban expansion. These findings can inform coastal management strategies by identifying high-risk zones, guiding sustainable development practices, and prioritizing areas for conservation and intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179345"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179330
Han-Ming Zhang , Jiakang Li , Min Yao , Yali Li , Jinfeng Sun
Exploring bifunctional transition metal-based oxysulfide with high activities, corrosion resistance and reaction selectivity is a promising strategy to realize efficient water/seawater splitting. Here, amorphous, high entropy and heterostructure strategies are coupled to construct the amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide (a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO2) by one-step intermittent electrodeposition. With the strong interfacial electronic communication, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO2 shows high bifunctional activities with low overpotentials for hydrogen evolution reaction (47/63 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (216/220 mV) at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline water/simulated seawater, respectively. The a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO2 (+, −)-assembled electrolyzers require low cell voltages of 1.54/1.58 V to attain the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for overall alkaline water/simulated seawater splitting. Moreover, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO2 exhibits strong activity retention and high Faradaic efficiency in alkaline water/simulated seawater. Significantly, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO2 (+, −) tolerates the industrial alkaline water splitting condition (500 mA cm−2 in 6 M KOH @ 60 °C) with a strong durability of 210 h. Surface-reconstructed Ni/Co/Fe-based hydroxides/oxyhydroxides guarantee the high activity retention during the stability testing. The permiselective c-CeO2 and adsorbed sulfate enhance reaction selectivity and corrosion resistance by the inhibition of Cl− approach. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed for construction of efficient water/seawater electrocatalysts, showing great potential for industrial application.
{"title":"Amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide with strong electronic communication to boost water/simulated seawater splitting","authors":"Han-Ming Zhang , Jiakang Li , Min Yao , Yali Li , Jinfeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploring bifunctional transition metal-based oxysulfide with high activities, corrosion resistance and reaction selectivity is a promising strategy to realize efficient water/seawater splitting. Here, amorphous, high entropy and heterostructure strategies are coupled to construct the amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide (a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO<sub>2</sub>) by one-step intermittent electrodeposition. With the strong interfacial electronic communication, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO<sub>2</sub> shows high bifunctional activities with low overpotentials for hydrogen evolution reaction (47/63 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (216/220 mV) at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> in alkaline water/simulated seawater, respectively. The a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO<sub>2</sub> (+, −)-assembled electrolyzers require low cell voltages of 1.54/1.58 V to attain the current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for overall alkaline water/simulated seawater splitting. Moreover, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO<sub>2</sub> exhibits strong activity retention and high Faradaic efficiency in alkaline water/simulated seawater. Significantly, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO<sub>2</sub> (+, −) tolerates the industrial alkaline water splitting condition (500 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> in 6 M KOH @ 60 °C) with a strong durability of 210 h. Surface-reconstructed Ni/Co/Fe-based hydroxides/oxyhydroxides guarantee the high activity retention during the stability testing. The permiselective c-CeO<sub>2</sub> and adsorbed sulfate enhance reaction selectivity and corrosion resistance by the inhibition of Cl<sup>−</sup> approach. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed for construction of efficient water/seawater electrocatalysts, showing great potential for industrial application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179330"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179279
Dipti Kamath , Xingang Zhao , Kristina O. Armstrong , Paula Bran Anleu , Hongbin Sun , Rocio Uria Martinez , M. Parans Paranthaman
<div><div>Cement is responsible for 22 % of all global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from industrial processes. Technological innovation for developing and deploying of alternative materials will be required to decarbonize the cement industry. Carbonated cementitious materials (CCMs) are building materials that rely on carbon mineralization for their strength. A process-based cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the global warming potential (GWP), cumulative energy demand, and water consumption of a lab-scale CCM-based precast panel compared to a conventional precast concrete panel. Since the CCM process is currently a lab-scale early-stage process, the CCM panel showed higher environmental impacts compared to the conventional panel. However, scenario analyses include mature production process scenarios. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the GWP of CCM can be lowered to below that of the conventional panel using polymers, fillers, low-carbon electricity sources, and optimized carbonation parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Extended abstract</h3><div>Concrete is the second-most consumed product by weight worldwide and a significant contributor to global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Cement, the critical component of concrete, is responsible for 22 % of all global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from industrial processes. Technological innovation for developing and deploying of alternative materials will be required to decarbonize the cement industry. Carbonated cementitious materials (CCMs) are building materials that rely on carbon mineralization for their strength. As with the development of any new technology, evaluating the environmental impacts of CCM throughout its development process is imperative to identify hotspots and ensure no unintended consequences. A process-based cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the global warming potential (GWP), cumulative energy demand, and water consumption of a lab-scale CCM-based precast panel compared to a conventional precast concrete panel. Since the CCM process is currently a lab-scale early-stage process, the CCM panel showed higher environmental impacts compared to the conventional panel. The CCM panel is currently produced by curing in a lab-scale carbonation chamber for weeks, which results in high electricity consumption. However, as the production process matures, changes to the LCA results will be expected and have been incorporated into this study by scenario analysis. Multiple scenarios were considered, including reduction of electricity consumption during carbonation, change in polymer type, addition of filler materials like sand, use of renewable electricity sources, and integration of lime calcination with carbon capture and reuse for carbonation. This last scenario offers promising potential to promote circular economy practices and move towards greater sustainability. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the GWP of CCM can be lowered to belo
{"title":"Towards low-carbon low-energy concrete alternatives: Life cycle assessment of carbonated cementitious material-based precast panels","authors":"Dipti Kamath , Xingang Zhao , Kristina O. Armstrong , Paula Bran Anleu , Hongbin Sun , Rocio Uria Martinez , M. Parans Paranthaman","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cement is responsible for 22 % of all global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from industrial processes. Technological innovation for developing and deploying of alternative materials will be required to decarbonize the cement industry. Carbonated cementitious materials (CCMs) are building materials that rely on carbon mineralization for their strength. A process-based cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the global warming potential (GWP), cumulative energy demand, and water consumption of a lab-scale CCM-based precast panel compared to a conventional precast concrete panel. Since the CCM process is currently a lab-scale early-stage process, the CCM panel showed higher environmental impacts compared to the conventional panel. However, scenario analyses include mature production process scenarios. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the GWP of CCM can be lowered to below that of the conventional panel using polymers, fillers, low-carbon electricity sources, and optimized carbonation parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Extended abstract</h3><div>Concrete is the second-most consumed product by weight worldwide and a significant contributor to global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Cement, the critical component of concrete, is responsible for 22 % of all global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from industrial processes. Technological innovation for developing and deploying of alternative materials will be required to decarbonize the cement industry. Carbonated cementitious materials (CCMs) are building materials that rely on carbon mineralization for their strength. As with the development of any new technology, evaluating the environmental impacts of CCM throughout its development process is imperative to identify hotspots and ensure no unintended consequences. A process-based cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the global warming potential (GWP), cumulative energy demand, and water consumption of a lab-scale CCM-based precast panel compared to a conventional precast concrete panel. Since the CCM process is currently a lab-scale early-stage process, the CCM panel showed higher environmental impacts compared to the conventional panel. The CCM panel is currently produced by curing in a lab-scale carbonation chamber for weeks, which results in high electricity consumption. However, as the production process matures, changes to the LCA results will be expected and have been incorporated into this study by scenario analysis. Multiple scenarios were considered, including reduction of electricity consumption during carbonation, change in polymer type, addition of filler materials like sand, use of renewable electricity sources, and integration of lime calcination with carbon capture and reuse for carbonation. This last scenario offers promising potential to promote circular economy practices and move towards greater sustainability. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the GWP of CCM can be lowered to belo","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179279"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179283
Serena Potì , Eva Merico , Marianna Conte , Florin Unga , Daniela Cesari , Adelaide Dinoi , Anna Rita De Bartolomeo , Antonio Pennetta , Ermelinda Bloise , Giuseppe Deluca , Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto , Roberto Ferrera , Enrico Bompadre , Maria Rachele Guascito , Daniele Contini
Oxidative potential (OP) is a potential indicator of negative health effects of particulate matter (PM). To address mitigation strategies, there is need of understanding how natural and anthropogenic sources influence OP at different sites. This work investigates spatial and seasonal variabilities of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, composition, and oxidative potential (OPDTTV, obtained with DTT assay), simultaneously at 22 sites in a central Mediterranean area in south Italy. Source apportionment using PMF5 allowed to evaluate the contributions of eight sources: traffic, biomass burning (BB), nitrate, sulphate-rich, marine, crustal, carbonates/construction, and industrial (only for PM2.5). Nitrate, traffic, and BB had larger contributions during the cold season and presented spatial variability with exclusion of nitrate. Industrial contributions did not have relevant seasonal or spatial variability. The other sources had an opposite trend with larger values during the warm season but only sulphate-rich had non-negligible spatial variability. OPDTTV had relevant spatial variability only during the cold season. Four sources had statistically significant contributions to OPDTTV: traffic, BB, sulphate-rich, and crustal (in descending order). The use of soluble and insoluble fractions of OC and Ca in PMF5 allowed a better separation between traffic and BB sources and allowed to determine the role of local construction works. The results may have implications in future policies for mitigation strategies of OP targeting specific sources categories.
{"title":"Spatial and seasonal variability of the contribution of sources to PM2.5, PM10 and their oxidative potential in different sites in a central Mediterranean area","authors":"Serena Potì , Eva Merico , Marianna Conte , Florin Unga , Daniela Cesari , Adelaide Dinoi , Anna Rita De Bartolomeo , Antonio Pennetta , Ermelinda Bloise , Giuseppe Deluca , Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto , Roberto Ferrera , Enrico Bompadre , Maria Rachele Guascito , Daniele Contini","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidative potential (OP) is a potential indicator of negative health effects of particulate matter (PM). To address mitigation strategies, there is need of understanding how natural and anthropogenic sources influence OP at different sites. This work investigates spatial and seasonal variabilities of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations, composition, and oxidative potential (OP<sup>DTT</sup><sub>V</sub>, obtained with DTT assay), simultaneously at 22 sites in a central Mediterranean area in south Italy. Source apportionment using PMF5 allowed to evaluate the contributions of eight sources: traffic, biomass burning (BB), nitrate, sulphate-rich, marine, crustal, carbonates/construction, and industrial (only for PM<sub>2.5</sub>). Nitrate, traffic, and BB had larger contributions during the cold season and presented spatial variability with exclusion of nitrate. Industrial contributions did not have relevant seasonal or spatial variability. The other sources had an opposite trend with larger values during the warm season but only sulphate-rich had non-negligible spatial variability. OP<sup>DTT</sup><sub>V</sub> had relevant spatial variability only during the cold season. Four sources had statistically significant contributions to OP<sup>DTT</sup><sub>V</sub>: traffic, BB, sulphate-rich, and crustal (in descending order). The use of soluble and insoluble fractions of OC and Ca in PMF5 allowed a better separation between traffic and BB sources and allowed to determine the role of local construction works. The results may have implications in future policies for mitigation strategies of OP targeting specific sources categories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179283"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The occurrence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water poses significant health risks. In this study the effectiveness of 12 popular pitcher and 5 bottle filters in removing 25 fluorinated contaminants from drinking water was evaluated. Twenty individual PFAS, outlined in Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184 as “Sum of PFAS” and 5 emerging PFAS, were considered. The average efficiency of PFAS removal by the tested filters ranged from 31 % to 99 % for the sum of 20 legacy compounds, and from 19 % to 99 % for emerging ones. Over 80 % reduction was recorded for 9 tested filters. In most examined cases, the filter efficiency increased with alkyl chain length for both perfluorinated carboxylic and sulfonic acids. Four filters were found to reduce the concentration of Σ20PFAS from 2000 ng/L to <100 ng/L, meeting the Directive's limit. Additionally, the best filtration bed decreased the sum of PFAS from 100 ng/L to <6 ng/L for model water and from 25 ng/L to 0.6 ng/L for real water, indicating ≥94 % removal efficiency in both cases. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (SBET) and micropore volume were key factors influencing PFAS removal efficiency in the pitcher filter. The obtained results highlight important information regarding drinking water quality and safety.
{"title":"Effectiveness of pitcher and bottle filters to remove poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from drinking water","authors":"Magdalena Zarębska , Sylwia Bajkacz , Katarzyna Malorna , Kamila Torchała","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water poses significant health risks. In this study the effectiveness of 12 popular pitcher and 5 bottle filters in removing 25 fluorinated contaminants from drinking water was evaluated. Twenty individual PFAS, outlined in Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184 as “Sum of PFAS” and 5 emerging PFAS, were considered. The average efficiency of PFAS removal by the tested filters ranged from 31 % to 99 % for the sum of 20 legacy compounds, and from 19 % to 99 % for emerging ones. Over 80 % reduction was recorded for 9 tested filters. In most examined cases, the filter efficiency increased with alkyl chain length for both perfluorinated carboxylic and sulfonic acids. Four filters were found to reduce the concentration of Σ<sub>20</sub>PFAS from 2000 ng/L to <100 ng/L, meeting the Directive's limit. Additionally, the best filtration bed decreased the sum of PFAS from 100 ng/L to <6 ng/L for model water and from 25 ng/L to 0.6 ng/L for real water, indicating ≥94 % removal efficiency in both cases. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (S<sub>BET</sub>) and micropore volume were key factors influencing PFAS removal efficiency in the pitcher filter. The obtained results highlight important information regarding drinking water quality and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"976 ","pages":"Article 179327"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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