Science of the Total Environment最新文献_第4页

Evolving approaches and data availability for understanding the impact of land-use change on ecosystem services 了解土地利用变化对生态系统服务影响的不断发展的方法和数据可用性

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181338

Wesner Njume Epie , Hannah Stouter , Julia Lenhardt , Lacour M. Ayompe , Elsa M. Ordway , Elizabeth D. Crook , Benis N. Egoh

Understanding how land-use change alters the flow of ecosystem services is critical for sustainability policy and planning. We conducted a systematic review of 459 peer-reviewed articles published between 2001 and March 2024 to (a) catalogue which ecosystem services have been studied and their geographic distribution, (b) trace methodological innovations in mapping, and (c) assess the integration of emerging data streams. Our analysis identified 23 ecosystem services spanning provisioning (food, water, raw materials), regulating (climate regulation, erosion control, flood protection), and cultural (recreation, aesthetics), with provisioning services most often mapped individually but regulating services dominating in category-level assessments. Regionally, Asia (especially China) contributed over half (51 %) of the case studies, while case studies in Europe, Africa, and the Americas are also increasing, aided by international collaborations in nearly 30 % of the studies. Biophysical modeling (98 % of papers) and economic valuation (55 %) remain foundational, supplemented by scenario analysis (11 %), participatory mapping (8 %), and a growing adoption of machine-learning techniques (27 %). Data diversity has expanded beyond Landsat (used in 90 % of studies) and land-cover products (84 %) to include Sentinel, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), elevation and topographic data, climate grids, soil moisture, and citizen-science platforms. Despite advances, persistent uncertainties arise from scale mismatches, data proxies, and model rigidity. We highlight emerging ensemble and hybrid approaches that blend advanced analytics with local knowledge, and call for capacity building in data-scarce regions. These directions promise more accurate, equitable, and actionable assessments to guide nature-based land-use decisions-makings.

了解土地利用变化如何改变生态系统服务的流动对可持续性政策和规划至关重要。我们对2001年至2024年3月间发表的459篇同行评议文章进行了系统回顾，以(a)列出研究了哪些生态系统服务及其地理分布，(b)追踪制图方法的创新，以及(c)评估新兴数据流的整合。我们的分析确定了23种生态系统服务，包括供应（食物、水、原材料）、调节（气候调节、侵蚀控制、防洪）和文化（娱乐、美学），其中供应服务通常是单独绘制的，而调节服务在类别级别的评估中占主导地位。从区域来看，亚洲（特别是中国）贡献了一半以上（51%）的案例研究，而欧洲、非洲和美洲的案例研究也在增加，其中近30%的研究得到了国际合作的帮助。生物物理建模（98%的论文）和经济评估（55%）仍然是基础，辅以情景分析（11%）、参与式绘图（8%）和越来越多的机器学习技术（27%）。数据的多样性已经从陆地卫星（90%的研究使用）和土地覆盖产品（84%）扩展到哨兵、中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）、高程和地形数据、气候网格、土壤湿度和公民科学平台。尽管取得了进步，但持续的不确定性源于规模不匹配、数据代理和模型刚性。我们强调了新兴的集成和混合方法，这些方法将高级分析与当地知识相结合，并呼吁在数据稀缺地区进行能力建设。这些方向保证了更准确、公平和可操作的评估，以指导基于自然的土地利用决策。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma membrane impacts of particulate matter on the blood-brain barrier 颗粒物质对血脑屏障的质膜影响

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181348

Chang Guo , Sanghamitra Mukhopadhyay , Laura Zanetti Domingues , Robert Lees , Esther Garcia Gonzalez , Benji Bateman , Andy Ward , Ludmila Mee , Rachel Smith , Timothy W. Gant , Ian Mudway

The potential for inhaled environmental particulate matter (PM) to cause neuronal effects is a growing concern, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. There are two potential exposure routes via transport though the olfactory nerve transport and direct interaction of the circulating PM with the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study investigated the plausible mechanism by which PM, once in circulation, could cross BBB's via the endotheliocytes, specifically focusing on the role of the plasma membrane. An in vitro BBB model (hCMEC/D3 cells) was exposed to ambient London PM (PM₁₀, PM_2.5) and diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). Particle–membrane interactions were examined using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), confocal microscopy, and quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS). FIB-SEM revealed electron-dense, carbon-based particles interacting with the cellular models, with nanosized fractions showing pronounced plasma membrane associations. QENS data revealed significant changes in membrane dynamics following particle exposure. These findings suggest that direct interaction of PM with the endothelial membranes, facilitating particle uptake, and may represent a critical mechanism for PM exposure in the brain.

吸入环境颗粒物（PM）引起神经元效应的可能性日益受到关注，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。有两种可能的暴露途径：通过嗅觉神经运输和循环PM与血脑屏障（BBB）的直接相互作用。本研究探讨了PM一旦进入循环，就可以通过内皮细胞穿过血脑屏障的可能机制，特别关注了质膜的作用。体外血脑屏障模型（hCMEC/D3细胞）暴露于伦敦环境PM （PM10, PM2.5）和柴油排气颗粒（DEPs）。使用聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜（FIB-SEM）、共聚焦显微镜和准弹性中子散射（QENS）检测粒子-膜相互作用。FIB-SEM显示电子密集的碳基颗粒与细胞模型相互作用，纳米级颗粒显示出明显的质膜关联。QENS数据显示，颗粒暴露后膜动力学发生了显著变化。这些发现表明，PM与内皮膜直接相互作用，促进颗粒摄取，可能是PM在大脑暴露的关键机制。

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引用次数: 0

Heavy metal tolerance in Atlantic Forest species: Antioxidants, phytochelatins, or root exudates? 大西洋森林物种的重金属耐受性：抗氧化剂，植物螯合素，还是根渗出物？

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181368

Matheus Casarini Siqueira , João Vítor Casimiro , Alex do Nascimento , Mirian Cilene Spasiani Rinaldi , Armando Reis Tavares , Marisa Domingos

Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HM) threatens plant physiology; however, some species tolerate it via strategies like root exudation of organic acids (ROAs), phytochelatin (PC) synthesis, and antioxidants (ascorbic acid - AA, glutathione - GSH). We hypothesized that plant life-form and growth-rate may influence HM-tolerance. We experimentally studied five Atlantic Forest (a hotspot for biodiversity conservation) species: fast-growth pioneer tree (Schinus terebinthifolia), slow-growth non-pioneer tree (Cariniana legalis), fast-growth herbaceous (Seemannia sylvatica), fast-growth liana (Passiflora edulis), and slow-growth epiphyte (Aechmea fasciata). Plants were hydroponically exposed to Cu, Ni, and Zn (CuZnNi) for 45 days, and their physiological responses (gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, pigments, biomass) and HM-tolerance strategies (PCs, ROAs, AA, GSH) were measured. Distinct HM-tolerance levels and mechanisms were found. The pioneer tree and epiphyte were the most tolerant species, showing mild physiological disturbances. The pioneer tree combined avoidance (phytic acid exudation), immobilization (leaf PC3), and mitigation (AA) mechanisms. The epiphyte relied on avoidance (diverse ROAs) and immobilization (leaf PC2). The non-pioneer tree was moderately tolerant, using immobilization (leaf PC6) and mitigation (AA) strategies, but still exhibited significant physiological imbalances. Despite their respective defense mechanisms, the herbaceous (avoidance: oxalic acid; immobilization: leaf PC4) and liana (mitigation: GSH) were highly sensitive, showing severe toxicity. Our results suggest that plant life-form influences heavy-metal accumulation and tolerance, whereas growth rate was not a reliable predictor. Broader investigations, including additional species, metals, and environmental conditions, are needed to determine whether these patterns reflect life-form effects or taxon-specific responses.

重金属环境污染对植物生理的危害然而，一些物种通过根系分泌有机酸（ROAs）、植物螯合素（PC）合成和抗氧化剂（抗坏血酸- AA、谷胱甘肽- GSH）等策略来耐受。我们假设植物的生命形式和生长速度可能影响hm -耐受性。实验研究了大西洋森林（生物多样性保护热点）5种速生先锋树（Schinus terebinthifolia）、慢生非先锋树（Cariniana legalis）、速生草本植物（Seemannia sylvatica）、速生藤本植物（Passiflora edulis）和慢生附生植物（Aechmea fasciata）。以CuZnNi （Cu、Ni和Zn）水栽培植物45 d，测定其生理反应（气体交换、叶绿素荧光、色素、生物量）和耐盐策略（PCs、ROAs、AA、GSH）。发现了不同的hm耐受性水平和机制。先锋树和附生植物是最具耐受性的树种，表现出轻微的生理干扰。先锋树结合了避免（植酸渗出）、固定（叶片PC3）和缓解（AA）机制。附生植物依赖于躲避（不同的roa）和固定（叶片PC2）。非先锋树通过固定（叶片PC6）和缓解（AA）策略表现出中度耐受性，但仍表现出显著的生理失衡。尽管有各自的防御机制，草本植物（避免：草酸；固定：叶片PC4）和藤本植物（缓解：谷胱甘肽）都是高度敏感的，表现出严重的毒性。我们的研究结果表明，植物的生命形式影响重金属的积累和耐受性，而生长速度不是一个可靠的预测因子。需要更广泛的调查，包括更多的物种、金属和环境条件，以确定这些模式是否反映了生命形式的影响或分类单元的特定反应。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the accumulation and chemical composition of soil organic matter influenced by saltwater intrusion in agricultural areas 咸水入侵对农区土壤有机质积累和化学组成的影响

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181309

Kiattisak Sonsri , Athitiya Limmalai , Natthaphong Phayaban , Benjamaporn Janplang , Phanuwit Poolsab , Yutthana Phankamolsil , Tanutnan Tengprasert , Napaporn Phankamolsil

Saltwater intrusion (SWI) poses a critical issue for agricultural systems and soil carbon (C) cycling. Although the central role of soil organic matter (SOM) as a terrestrial C reservoir, in-depth information on how SWI influences SOM accumulation and chemical composition in agricultural areas remains elusive. To address this gap, agricultural soils from areas unaffected by SWI (control, CT area) and those impacted by SWI (SWI area) were subjected to SOM fractionation into free particulate (fSOM), occluded light (oSOM), weakly bound (wSOM), and strongly bound (sSOM) fractions. ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed for chemical characterization of bulk soil and SOM fractions. Total soil organic C (SOC) under the SWI area (31 ± 1 g C kg⁻¹) was lower than the CT area (37 ± 1 g C kg⁻¹), presumably attributable to depletion of the O-alkyl C and carboxy C. The SOC accumulated in fSOM and oSOM fractions under the SWI area (2.1 ± 0.2 and 2.5 ± 0.3 g C kg⁻¹ soil, respectively) was lower than the CT area (3.2 ± 0.2 and 3.4 ± 0.3 g C kg⁻¹ soil, respectively), possibly reflecting diminished O-alkyl C. Similarly, SOC stored in wSOM and sSOM was smaller in the SWI area (7.4 ± 0.6 and 18.2 ± 1.1 g C kg⁻¹ soil, respectively) than the CT area (9.1 ± 0.4 and 21.3 ± 0.6 g C kg⁻¹ soil, respectively), presumably due to reduced aromatic C. These findings highlight the SWI impacts on SOM accumulation forms in agricultural areas, linking them with chemical components.

盐水入侵（SWI）是农业系统和土壤碳(C)循环的关键问题。尽管土壤有机质（SOM）作为陆地碳储集层的核心作用，但SWI如何影响农业地区SOM积累和化学成分的深入信息仍然难以捉摸。为了解决这一差距，来自未受SWI影响的地区（对照，CT区）和受SWI影响的地区（SWI区）的农业土壤被SOM分解为自由颗粒（fSOM），遮挡光（oSOM），弱结合（wSOM）和强结合（sSOM）组分。采用13C核磁共振（NMR）对土体和SOM组分进行了化学表征。土壤总有机C (SOC)在瑞士区域(31±1 g C公斤−1)低于CT区域(37±1 g C公斤−1),可能由于损耗的O-alkyl C和羧基C fSOM SOC积累和oSOM分数在瑞士面积(2.1±0.2,2.5±0.3 g C公斤−1土壤,分别)低于CT区(3.2±0.2,3.4±0.3 g C公斤−1土壤,分别),可能反映出减少O-alkyl C。同样的,SWI区wSOM和sSOM的SOC储量（分别为7.4±0.6和18.2±1.1 g C kg - 1）小于CT区（分别为9.1±0.4和21.3±0.6 g C kg - 1），可能是由于芳香C的减少。这些发现突出了SWI对农业区SOM积累形式的影响，并将其与化学成分联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Retraction notice to "Does green technology innovation mitigate CO2 emission, transport emission and carbon intensity of GDPI in Asian developing economies?" [Sci. Total Environ. 997 (2025) 180134]. “绿色技术创新是否减缓了亚洲发展中经济体的二氧化碳排放、交通运输排放和gdp碳强度？”(科学。环境科学学报，1997,18(5):357 - 357。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181372

Muhammad Abdullah Khan, Teng Xinye, Kazi Sohag, Waqar Ameer, Mohammed Saud Alkhaldi

引用次数: 0

Rats, residues and rodenticide resistance: Hepatic concentration of anticoagulant rodenticides in genetically susceptible wild brown and black rats 大鼠、残留和灭鼠剂耐药性：抗凝血灭鼠剂在遗传易感野生褐鼠和黑鼠肝脏中的浓度。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181344

Ana Carromeu-Santos , Beatriz Martín-Cruz , Tomé Neves , Elizandra Matos Cardoso , Naiara Guimarães Sales , Andrea Acosta Dacal , Ana Macías-Montes , Rita Pacheco , Bastiaan G. Meerburg , Allan D. McDevitt , Maria da Luz Mathias , Octavio Pérez Luzardo , Sofia Isabel Gabriel

Invasive rats are major pests worldwide, posing economic and public health risks. Since the 1950s, efforts have been made to control or eradicate these animals by using anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs). Initially effective, ARs quickly lost efficacy due to the emergence of resistance-associated mutations in the Vkorc1 gene. When consumed in (sub-)lethal doses, these biocides bioaccumulate in the liver, becoming a risk for non-target predators.

First, this study aims to assess genetic resistance to ARs in two synanthropic rat species, Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, from port urban areas in Lisbon (mainland Portugal) and Ponta Delgada (São Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal). Secondly, we aim to detect and quantify the hepatic concentration of first- (FGARs) and second-generation anticoagulants (SGARs). We analysed 203 sequences of exon 3 of the Vkorc1 gene and found no known resistance-conferring mutations in either species or locations. A subsample of 177 liver tissues from genotyped rats was examined for AR residues via Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). No FGARs were detected, but five SGARs were identified with 80.4% of individuals accumulating at least one of them. The absence of genetically mediated resistance via exon 3 of Vkorc1 mutations does not necessarily mean that the risk of AR exposure to rat predators is low, as 16.0% of the live-trapped rats bioaccumulated high levels of ARs, above the 100 ng/g toxicosis threshold. This finding underscores significant ecological risks, particularly for non-target wildlife apex-predators, that are more susceptible to AR exposure and may bioaccumulate lethal concentrations through repeated consumption of contaminated prey.

入侵鼠是世界范围内的主要害虫，对经济和公共卫生构成威胁。自20世纪50年代以来，人们通过使用抗凝血灭鼠剂（ARs）来控制或根除这些动物。ARs最初有效，但由于Vkorc1基因耐药相关突变的出现，ARs很快失去了疗效。当摄入（亚）致死剂量时，这些杀菌剂在肝脏中生物积累，成为非目标捕食者的危险。首先，本研究旨在评估来自里斯本（葡萄牙大陆）港口城区和蓬塔德尔加达（葡萄牙亚速尔群岛米格尔岛）的两种共生鼠种Rattus Rattus和norvegicus对ARs的遗传抗性。其次，我们的目标是检测和量化肝脏第一代（FGARs）和第二代抗凝剂（SGARs）的浓度。我们分析了Vkorc1基因外显子3的203个序列，发现在任何物种或地点都没有已知的赋予抗性的突变。采用液相色谱串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）检测了177个基因分型大鼠肝脏组织的AR残留。未检测到fgar，但鉴定出5种sgar， 80.4%的个体至少积累了其中一种。没有通过Vkorc1突变外显子3介导的遗传抗性并不一定意味着暴露于大鼠捕食者的AR风险低，因为16.0%的活捕获大鼠生物积累了高水平的AR，高于100 ng/g中毒阈值。这一发现强调了重大的生态风险，特别是对于非目标野生动物顶端捕食者，它们更容易受到AR暴露，并可能通过反复食用受污染的猎物而积累致命浓度。

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引用次数: 0

Geogenic Se and organic- and inorganic-Hg in fungi in the alpine, the Sino-Tibetan Mountains, China - benefit or risk? 汉藏高寒地区真菌中硒、有机汞和无机汞的含量——是利还是弊？

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181375

Jerzy Falandysz , Yuanzhong Wang , Małgorzata Rutkowska , Anetta Hanć , Alwyn R. Fernandes

Dietary selenium (Se) is an essential component of selenoproteins, enzymes that are vital for health but crucially, the element is also involved in countering toxicity from organic- and inorganic‑mercury (o-Hg/i-Hg). This aspect is increasingly being explored in seafood but barely any studies consider wild mushrooms which readily uptake both elements. The information may prove useful in regions, such as parts of the Yunnan province where diseases caused by Se deficiency are endemic somewhere in China but which are also the habitat of a huge range of edible wild fungi. Selenium and Hg contents were determined in raw and cooked (traditionally, on site) specimens of Boletus shiyong, B. viscidicipes, Retiboletus griseus, Leccinum versipelle, Suillus placidus and Lactarius deliciosus, collected in the high Lanping county. Dry weight Se concentrations in whole fruiting bodies of B. shiyong, B. viscidiceps, R. griseus and S. placidus, were 15 ± 6, 12 ± 0.6, 12 ± 1 and 16 ± 0.8 mg·kg⁻¹ respectively, with lower levels of 1.3 ± 0.1 and 2.2 ± 1.0 mg·kg⁻¹ in L. versipelle and L. deliciosus. Corresponding concentrations of total Hg (THg) were elevated in B. shiyong and B. viscidiceps at 7.3 ± 0.1 and 7.0 ± 0.3 mg·kg⁻¹ but were much lower (≤ 1.2 mg·kg⁻¹) in the other species. Organic-Hg was a very minor contributor to THg (< 2%) in most studied species but was significantly higher (15–16%) in S. placidus. Prepared mushroom dishes were characterised by very favourable excesses of Se, high Se health benefit (HBV_Se) indices and relatively low levels of o-Hg, a finding that potentially indicates significant health benefits for millions of regional consumers.

膳食硒是硒蛋白的重要组成部分，硒蛋白是对健康至关重要的酶，但至关重要的是，硒元素还参与对抗有机汞和无机汞（o-Hg/i-Hg）的毒性。这方面正在越来越多地在海鲜中进行探索，但几乎没有任何研究考虑到容易吸收这两种元素的野生蘑菇。这些信息可能对某些地区有用，例如云南省的部分地区，那里由硒缺乏引起的疾病是中国某些地方的地方病，但也是大量可食用野生真菌的栖息地。对采集于兰平县的石龙肉牛、粘乳肉牛、灰斑肉牛、水蛭肉牛、甜乳肉牛和美味乳牛的生、熟（传统、现场）标本进行了硒和汞含量测定。石雍白僵菌、粘粘白僵菌、灰灰白僵菌和placidus白僵菌全子实体的干重硒含量分别为15±6、12±0.6、12±1和16±0.8 mg·kg-1，水花白僵菌和香菇白僵菌的干重硒含量分别为1.3±0.1和2.2±1.0 mg·kg-1。相应的总汞（THg）浓度在石泳和粘囊中升高，分别为7.3±0.1和7.0±0.3 mg·kg-1，而在其他种类中较低（≤1.2 mg·kg-1）。在大多数被研究的物种中，有机汞对THg的贡献非常小（< 2%），但在placidus中显著较高（15-16%）。制备的蘑菇菜肴具有非常有利的硒过量，高硒健康益处（HBVSe）指数和相对较低的o-汞水平，这一发现可能表明数百万地区消费者的健康益处显著。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-informed bioaugmentation with Bacillus subtilis TLO3 in pilot-scale sewage sludge composting improves maturity, nutrient cycling, and heavy metal detoxification 利用枯草芽孢杆菌TLO3在中试污泥堆肥中进行基因组信息生物强化，可改善污泥成熟度、养分循环和重金属解毒。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181358

Omar Khelil , Slimane Choubane , Nour El Houda Bounouala , Nawel Selami , Chahrazed Aibeche , Hadjer Bouderbala , Sultana Bouhadiba , Sidi-Mohammed El-Amine Abi-Ayad

Sewage sludge composting often suffers from incomplete stabilization, nutrient loss, and pollutant risks that limit safe reuse. This study introduces a genome-informed, multi-stage bioaugmentation strategy using Bacillus subtilis TLO3, integrating genomic functional annotation with phase-specific inoculation to enhance composting efficiency and safety. Here, we evaluated bioaugmentation with Bacillus subtilis TLO3 through pilot-scale trials (∼150 kg piles) combined with genome- informed functional analysis. Three treatments were compared: regular multi-stage inoculation, single late inoculation, and a non-inoculated control. Regular bioaugmentation sustained thermophilic conditions (>55 °C) for >14 days and accelerated organic matter transformation, achieving 48.9 % reduction in total organic carbon and 68.7 % increase in total Kjeldahl nitrogen by day 42. Importantly, by the end of composting (Day 42), diazotrophic populations were strongly enriched (4.7 × 10⁷ CFU/g, ∼8-fold higher than the control), directly supporting enhanced nitrogen retention. Environmental safety improved, with germination indices reaching 135.15 % (Lactuca sativa) and 131 % (Raphanus sativus), and total metal concentrations substantially reduced (Cd −92 %, Pb −48.5 %, Cu −47.3 %), all within EU 2019/1009 limits. Genome annotation revealed a rich repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes, nitrogen assimilation pathways, siderophore biosynthesis, and stress-resilience genes, supporting enhanced decomposition, nutrient conservation, and heavy metal detoxification. Motility and antimicrobial biosynthetic clusters further explain the strain's persistence and ecological competitiveness in dynamic composting environments. These results demonstrate that genome-informed bioaugmentation can accelerate compost stabilization, mitigate pollutant risks, and enable regulation-compliant recycling of sewage sludge into safe organic fertilizers, advancing circular bioeconomy goals.

污水污泥堆肥通常存在不完全稳定、养分损失和污染物风险，限制了安全再利用。本研究介绍了一种利用枯草芽孢杆菌TLO3的基因组信息、多阶段生物强化策略，将基因组功能注释与阶段特异性接种相结合，以提高堆肥效率和安全性。在这里，我们通过中试试验（约150 kg桩）结合基因组信息功能分析，评估了枯草芽孢杆菌TLO3的生物增强作用。比较了常规多期接种、单次晚接种和不接种对照3种处理。常规生物强化可维持>14天的嗜热条件（>55°C），并加速有机质转化，到第42天，总有机碳减少48.9%，总凯氏定氮增加68.7%。重要的是，在堆肥结束时（第42天），重氮营养种群得到了强烈的富集（4.7 × 107 CFU/g，比对照高8倍），直接支持了氮潴留的增强。环境安全得到改善，种子萌发指数分别达到135.15% （Lactuca sativa）和131% (Raphanus sativus)，总金属浓度大幅降低（Cd - 92%, Pb - 48.5%, Cu - 47.3%），均达到欧盟2019/1009标准。基因组注释揭示了丰富的碳水化合物活性酶、氮同化途径、铁载体生物合成和应激恢复基因，支持增强分解、营养保存和重金属解毒。运动性和抗菌生物合成簇进一步解释了菌株在动态堆肥环境中的持久性和生态竞争力。这些结果表明，基因组信息生物强化可以加速堆肥稳定，降低污染物风险，并使污水污泥符合法规的再循环成为安全的有机肥料，从而推进循环生物经济目标。

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引用次数: 0

Trends in fire characteristics in the partially vegetated dunes of the southwest Kalahari Desert 喀拉哈里沙漠西南部部分植被沙丘的火灾特征趋势。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181324

Rosemary A. Huck , Giles F.S. Wiggs , David S.G. Thomas

Fire is often cited as a major disturbance that can induce increased aeolian activity on vegetated sand dunes due to the removal of protective plant cover. This study investigated the spatial and temporal dimensions of burning as an agent of disturbance in partially vegetated linear dunes in the southwest Kalahari. The region is often omitted as a burn-prone area in continental and global burned area studies due to its aridity and proximity to intense temperate zone fires. The MODIS burned area product was used to create an inventory of burned area from 2000 to 2023 to identify trends in burned area extent and occurrence. In addition, MODIS-derived Soil Adjusted Total Vegetation Index (SATVI) was used to calculate vegetation recovery post-burn. 13,310 km² of the southwest Kalahari dune field burned over the 24-year study period; 11.1 % of the total area. The land management regime significantly impacted on fire frequency (p < 0.001) and size (p < 0.001), with more burns occurring on privately owned land but larger burns within the Kgalagadi National Park. It also significantly affected burn duration (p < 0.001), with the National Park having longer lasting burns. Vegetation recovery is swift after burning, with cover returning to control levels within about two years of being burned. This study highlights how the temporal and spatial disturbance effect of the fire is limited by land management in the study region and rapid vegetation recovery post-burn.

火灾通常被认为是一个主要的干扰，由于保护性植物覆盖的移除，可以引起植被沙丘上风成活动的增加。本文研究了喀拉哈里沙漠西南部部分植被线性沙丘中燃烧作为扰动因子的时空维度。由于该地区干旱且靠近强烈的温带火灾，在大陆和全球火灾地区研究中，该地区经常被忽略为易发火灾地区。使用MODIS烧伤面积产品创建2000年至2023年的烧伤面积清单，以确定烧伤面积范围和发生的趋势。此外，利用modis导出的土壤调整总植被指数（SATVI）计算燃烧后的植被恢复。在24年的研究期间，喀拉哈里沙漠西南部13310平方公里的沙丘被烧毁；总面积的11.1%。土地管理制度对火灾频率有显著影响

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引用次数: 0

Microbiome of soil waste dumpsite and adjacent river habitat harbors dynamic plastic degrading bacterial diversity and abundant functional enzymes 土壤垃圾场和邻近河流生境的微生物群中蕴藏着动态塑料降解细菌多样性和丰富的功能酶。

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181331

Saurabh Singh , Abhay Bajaj , Natesan Manickam

Landfill leachates and adjacent riverine ecosystems are usually the reservoirs of plastic-derived contaminants and other xenobiotics. Yet these sites are still less explored for their degradation potential. This study employed a whole metagenome analysis to characterize microbial communities and functional genes from the Ghaila municipal dumpsite and the Gomti river, Lucknow, India. Physicochemical analyses revealed neutral to slightly alkaline pH and elevated BOD and COD in downstream river sites, indicating high organic and plastic-associated pollutant loads. Taxonomic profiling identified 57 phyla, dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes, with occurrence of key genera such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, and Sphingomonas in abundance. Functional annotation of the metagenomic sequences detected 31 enzymes targeting 24 polymeric substances, including PETase, MHETase, urethanases, laccases, and nylon hydrolases in both dumpsite leachate and sludge (p < 0.05) samples. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and metal resistance genes (MRGs) were widely distributed, particularly in leachate and sludge, underscoring their role as resistance reservoirs. These findings demonstrate that municipal dumpsite ecosystems are hotspots for plastic and xenobiotic degradation, highlighting their potential as genetic resources for bioremediation and advancing understanding of contaminant-driven microbial adaptation at landfill–river interfaces.

Nucleotide sequence accession number

The complete metagenome sequence has been deposited at NCBI GenBank having accession no: SAMN42678420 to SAMN42678429 (BioProject).

垃圾填埋场渗滤液和邻近的河流生态系统通常是塑料衍生污染物和其他外来生物的储存库。然而，这些地点的退化潜力仍然很少被探索。本研究采用全宏基因组分析方法对印度勒克瑙gaila市政垃圾场和Gomti河的微生物群落和功能基因进行了表征。理化分析显示，中下游河流的pH值为中性至微碱性，BOD和COD升高，表明有机和塑料相关污染物负荷较高。分类分析鉴定出57门，以变形菌门、拟杆菌门、绿菌门、厚壁菌门为主，假单胞菌、不动杆菌、黄杆菌门、鞘氨单胞菌等关键属较多。宏基因组序列的功能注释在垃圾场渗滤液和污泥中检测到针对24种聚合物质的31种酶，包括PETase， MHETase，尿素酶，漆酶和尼龙水解酶(p

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