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The Tongue-Tied Imagination: Decolonising Literary Modernity in Senegal By Tobias Warner Fordham University Press, 2019, 342 pp. 张口结舌的想象力:塞内加尔的非殖民化文学现代性作者:托拜厄斯·华纳·福特汉姆大学出版社,2019年,342页
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.14
Daniel Chukwuemeka
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引用次数: 0
Pandemic / Critic 流行病/评论家
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.11
Anthony Alessandrini
The assignment: use Anjuli Raza Kolb’s Epidemic Empire: Colonialism, Contagion, andTerror, 1817–2020 as a starting point for a think piece. Hmm. “Epidemic.” “Empire.” “Colonialism.” “Contagion.” “Terror.” “2020.” Yeah, I thought, I should be able to find a hook here somewhere. What I didn’t expect was to findmyself thinking somuch—alongside all those other keywords—about words such as metaphor, canonicity, and poesis. That’s to say among the many other things it is, Epidemic Empire is a book with which to reconsider the possibilities of criticism in our terrible time. Raza Kolb herself is ambivalent at best about the role of the critic in our pandemic moment. Noting in the book’s opening that she comes from a family of doctors, nurses, andmedical technicians, she declares: “Every one of them has infinitelymore to offer our immediate collective welfare than I do.”1 Certainly the COVID-19 pandemic has placed the old joke about the relative value of academics—“I’m a doctor, but not that kind of doctor”—in a darker light. But I wouldn’t be so quick to downplay the contribution a work like Epidemic Empire can make to our “collective welfare”; the benefits aren’t as immediate as those from the hands of a medical provider, but they are real and significant nevertheless. After all, as she notes later in the book, at the root of the word crisis—and its related descendant, critic—is ill health and its reversal: “its Greek root krisis describe[s] the turning point in the progression of a disease ormalady” (162).With the search for a “turning point” in our current pandemic becoming a daily obsession, the critic may indeed have some work to do alongside the medic. Raza Kolb is a beautiful reader, careful and wickedly smart. Most important, she is a generous reader. Imean “generous” also in the sense of “generative”—just as criticism, in its best sense (as against the more prevalent model of the critic as criticizer), is a creative force. I want to dwell on and with this sense of generosity because from a certain angle there is something vaguely scandalous about reading canonical texts by writers such as Rudyard Kipling, Bram Stoker, and Albert Camus generously. So too somemight object to the care given the now-canonical work of Salman Rushdie, who Raza Kolb rightly notes plays a central role in the powerful institutional category of “world literature” as “a depoliticizing scholarly paradigm” (20). Even the 9/11 Commission Report is a
任务:以安朱利·拉扎·科尔布的《流行病帝国:殖民主义、传染病和恐怖,1817-2020》为起点进行思考。嗯。《流行病》、《帝国》、《殖民主义》、《传染病》、《恐怖》、《2020》。是的,我想,我应该能在这里找到一个钩子。我没想到的是,我发现自己和所有其他关键词一样,对隐喻、经典性和诗歌等词进行了大量思考。也就是说,在许多其他事情中,《流行病帝国》是一本重新考虑在我们这个可怕的时代批评的可能性的书。拉扎·科尔布本人对评论家在我们的疫情时刻所扮演的角色充其量也只是矛盾的。在书的开头,她注意到自己来自一个医生、护士和医疗技术人员的家庭,她宣称:“他们中的每一个人都比我有无限多的机会为我们提供直接的集体福利。”1当然,新冠肺炎大流行让关于学者相对价值的老笑话——“我是医生,但不是那种医生”——变得更加黑暗。但我不会这么快淡化《流行病帝国》这样的作品对我们“集体福利”的贡献;这些好处并不像医疗服务提供者那样直接,但它们是真实而重要的。毕竟,正如她在书中稍后指出的那样,危机这个词及其相关后代评论家的根源是健康不佳及其逆转:“它的希腊词根krisis描述了疾病发展的转折点”(162),评论家可能确实有一些工作要和医生一起做。拉扎·科尔布是一位美丽的读者,细心而聪明。最重要的是,她是一个慷慨的读者。我的“慷慨”也在“生成”的意义上——正如批评在最好的意义上(相对于更普遍的评论家作为批评者的模式)是一种创造性的力量一样。我想详述这种慷慨的感觉,因为从某种角度来看,慷慨阅读鲁迪亚德·吉卜林、布拉姆·斯托克和阿尔伯特·加缪等作家的经典文本有点令人反感。因此,也有人可能会反对对萨尔曼·拉什迪(Salman Rushdie)现在的经典著作的关注,拉扎·科尔布(Raza Kolb)正确地指出,拉什迪在“世界文学”这一强大的制度范畴中扮演着“非政治化的学术范式”的核心角色(20)。即使是9/11委员会的报告也是
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引用次数: 0
Empire, Disease, and the Necessity of Critique 帝国、疾病和批判的必要性
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.10
Suvir Kaul
It was about the beginning of September, 1664, that I, among the rest of my neighbours, heard in ordinary discourse that the plague was returned again in Holland; for it had been very violent there, and particularly at Amsterdam and Rotterdam, in the year 1663, whither, they say, it was brought, some said from Italy, others from the Levant, among some goods which were brought home by their Turkey fleet; others said it was brought from Candia; others from Cyprus. It mattered not from whence it came; but all agreed it was come into Holland again. —Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year1
大约在1664年9月初,我和其他邻居在普通的谈话中听到瘟疫在荷兰再次爆发;因为1663年,它在那里非常暴力,尤其是在阿姆斯特丹和鹿特丹,他们说,在那里,有人说它是从意大利运来的,还有人说它来自黎凡特,还有一些货物是他们的土耳其舰队运回家的;其他人说它是从坎迪亚带来的;其他人来自塞浦路斯。它从哪里来并不重要;但所有人都同意它再次进入荷兰--丹尼尔·笛福,瘟疫年杂志1
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引用次数: 0
Returning the Symptom to Critique: Reading Epidemiologically 将症状回归批判:从流行病学角度解读
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.12
Poulomi Saha
In 1798, American physician and signatory of the Declaration of Independence Benjamin Rush published Medical Inquiries and Observations. A collection of treatises that range from a comparative account of Native medicine and disease to a detailed narrative of the 1793 yellow fever outbreak in Philadelphia, Rush’sMedical Inquiries and Observations includes the brief, “An Account of the Influence of the Military and Political Events of the American Revolution Upon theHuman Body.”Here, Rush details hypochondriases he encounters as a field doctor during the Revolutionary War and in the years since: “a violent emotion of political joy” that kills a patriot at the news of Lord Cornwallis’s capture;1 the sudden deaths of Loyalists forsworn by their neighbors, which he terms Protection Fever and distinguishes from the excitations he calls Revolutiana;2 and finally, the resurgent violent passions that erupt in the post-independence years, which Rush diagnoses as Anarchia.3 Hypochondriases for Rush, perhaps the most prominent American practitioner of heroic medicine, were not phantasms of fraud but rather somatic proof of a humoral disturbance—from within the body itself. Anarchia, the “excess of the passion for liberty, inflamed by the successful issue of the war, produced, in many people, opinions and conduct which could not be removed by reason, nor restrained by government” made materially and symptomatically apprehendable a condition shared across bodies.4 For Rush, upsurgent revolutionary sentiment is not symbolic but deeply somatic and contagious. Outbreaks of political insurgency, of violent revolt, appear and repeat. Recur and reinfect. Persist. These are not the revolutionary epidemics Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb charts in her expansive account of the poetics and politics of disease overmore than two centuries and
1798年,美国医生、《独立宣言》的签署人本杰明·拉什出版了《医学调查与观察》。Rush的《医学调查与观察》汇集了一系列论文,从对本土医学和疾病的比较描述到对1793年费城爆发的黄热病的详细描述,其中包括《美国革命的军事和政治事件对人体的影响的描述》,拉什详细描述了他在独立战争期间和此后的几年里作为战地医生遇到的疑病:“一种政治喜悦的暴力情绪”,在康沃利斯勋爵被捕的消息中杀死了一名爱国者;1被邻居抛弃的忠诚者的突然死亡,他称之为“保护热”,并将其与他所称的“Revolutiana”的兴奋区分开来;2最后,独立后爆发的暴力激情死灰复燃,拉什将其诊断为无政府状态。3拉什可能是美国最著名的英雄医学从业者,他的线粒体不是欺诈的幻影,而是体液紊乱的身体证据——来自身体内部。无政府主义,即“对自由的过度热情,因战争的成功问题而加剧,在许多人身上产生了无法通过理性消除,也无法由政府约束的观点和行为”,使其在物质上和症状上成为一种身体共有的状况。4对拉什来说,高涨的革命情绪不是象征性的,而是深刻的身体和传染性的。政治叛乱和暴力叛乱的爆发不断出现和重复。复发和再次感染。坚持这些并不是Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb在她对两个多世纪以来疾病的诗学和政治的广泛描述中所描绘的革命性流行病
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引用次数: 0
Affective Disorders: Emotion in Colonial and Postcolonial Literature By Bede Scott Liverpool University Press, 2019, 190 pp. 情感障碍:情感在殖民和后殖民文学比德·斯科特利物浦大学出版社,2019年,190页。
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.15
Shailendra Kumar Singh
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引用次数: 0
“The Quickening Virtue”: Reiterating the Work of the Literary Text “活德”:重申文学文本的工作
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.16
M. Espin
This article pursues the reiteration of reading as a practice that circumscribes the work of the literary text. In doing so, it responds to particular assertions made in Kate Highman’s “Close(d) Reading and the ‘Potential Space’ of the Literature Classroom.” More pertinently, though, it seeks to reposition the value of reading as a vital attribute in engaging with the humanities and emphasizes that analyzing and the interpreting of the text is the practice indisputably central to the humanistic endeavor. The discussion reiterates that any ways in and through the text are available only by reading, making it necessary to encourage and inculcate it as a central objective so that the work of the text, in accordance with Attridge’s qualification of it, remains productive. Finally, it argues that situating this critical practice as a deliberate objective within the teaching of literature must be reprioritized as a matter of urgency.
本文将阅读作为一种限制文学文本工作的实践来进行重申。在这样做的过程中,它回应了凯特·海曼(Kate Highman)的《近距离阅读与文学课堂的‘潜在空间’》(Close(d)Reading and the‘Potential Space’of the Literature Classroom)中的特定断言,它试图将阅读的价值重新定位为参与人文学科的一个重要属性,并强调对文本的分析和解读是人文学科努力无可争议的核心实践。讨论重申,只有通过阅读才能在文本中找到任何方法,因此有必要鼓励和灌输它作为一个中心目标,以便根据阿特里奇对文本的限定,使文本的工作保持富有成效。最后,它认为,在文学教学中,将这种批判性实践作为一个深思熟虑的目标,必须作为一个紧急事项重新确定优先次序。
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引用次数: 0
Terrestrial Realism and the Gravity of World Literature: Joe Sacco’s Seismic Lines 大地现实主义与世界文学的引力——乔·萨科的地震线
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.18
D. Davies
Through a close reading of Joe Sacco’s Paying the Land (2020), a graphic novel about the struggle of the Dene people in Canada’s Northwestern territories, this article shows how Sacco effects a “peripheral realism” that draws the systemic continuities of different phases of colonial modernity into view. The article then describes Sacco’s “terrestrial realism,” which combines his peripheral realism with the dialectical participation of the reader as well. Finally, in a concluding theoretical discussion, I consider how the practice of drawing allows us to think through a response to modernity’s combined and uneven development that is both materialist and decolonial at the same time. Although the former typically insists on singularity and totality, and the latter promotes a contradictory plurality, the peripheral and terrestrial realisms of Paying the Land suggest a way for theorists of world literature to find a point of methodological solidarity that is both in and against capitalist modernity’s gravitational force.
通过仔细阅读乔·萨科(Joe Sacco)的《付钱给土地》(Paying the Land)(2020),这是一部关于加拿大西北地区丹恩人斗争的图画小说,本文展示了萨科如何影响一种“边缘现实主义”,将殖民现代性不同阶段的系统连续性纳入视野。然后,文章描述了萨科的“大地现实主义”,它将他的边缘现实主义与读者的辩证参与相结合。最后,在最后的理论讨论中,我思考了绘画实践如何让我们思考对现代性的综合和不均衡发展的回应,这种发展既是唯物主义的,也是非殖民化的。尽管前者通常坚持单一性和整体性,而后者提倡矛盾的多元性,但《付出土地》的边缘现实主义和地面现实主义为世界文学理论家提供了一种方法论团结的方式,既支持又反对资本主义现代性的引力。
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引用次数: 2
Violence, Memory, and History: Geoffrey of Monmouth and Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Buried Giant 暴力、记忆和历史:蒙茅斯的杰弗里和石黑一雄的《被埋葬的巨人》
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.17
J. Brent
Kazuo Ishiguro has suggested that his work of medieval fantasy, The Buried Giant (2015), draws on a “quasi-historical” King Arthur, in contrast to the Arthur of legend. This article reads Ishiguro’s novel against the medieval work that codified the notion of an historical King Arthur, Geoffrey of Monmouth’s History of the Kings of Britain (c. 1139). Geoffrey’s History offered a largely fictive account of the British past that became the most successful historiographical phenomenon of the English Middle Ages. The Buried Giant offers an interrogation of memory that calls such “useful” constructions of history into question. The novel deploys material deriving from Geoffrey’s work while laying bear its methodology; the two texts speak to each other in ways sometimes complementary, sometimes deconstructive. That Ishiguro’s critique can be applied to Geoffrey’s History points to recurrent strategies of history-making, past and present, whereby violence serves as a mechanism for the creation of historical form.
石黑一雄表示,他的中世纪幻想作品《被埋葬的巨人》(2015)借鉴了“准历史”的亚瑟王,与传说中的亚瑟王形成鲜明对比。这篇文章阅读了石黑一雄的小说,反对中世纪编纂历史上的亚瑟王概念的作品,蒙茅斯的杰弗里的《英国国王史》(约1139年)。杰弗里的《历史》在很大程度上虚构了英国的过去,成为英国中世纪最成功的史学现象。《被埋葬的巨人》提供了一个对记忆的审问,让这种“有用”的历史建构受到质疑。这部小说运用了杰弗里作品中的素材,同时承载了其方法论;这两个文本以一种有时互补,有时解构的方式相互对话。石黑一雄的批判可以应用于杰弗里的《历史》,这表明了历史创造的反复策略,无论是过去还是现在,暴力都是创造历史形式的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemic Ecstasy 流行性迷魂药
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2021.19
Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb
The week I received these four beautiful articles moving out from and through Epidemic Empire was also the week during which India’s COVID-19 case count flew past all previous pandemic records. At the time of writing, daily infection rates have hovered in the mid-300,000s for more than a week, following a peak of 414,188 on May 7, 2021. Twenty-four million total cases have been counted, and at least 260,000 people have died.1 The scenes of anguish are familiar to us now, amplified by the exoticist horror of the English-languagemedia, both in India and abroad: patients die alone on the sidewalk outside inadequate and overwhelmed and hospitals, waiting for a bed, struggling to breathe. Some say these estimates are as little as an eighth of the real numbers. Hundreds of thousands more are believed to be suffering and dying far from COVID testing sites, and hospitals in the rural areas of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.2 Others are dying at home, untested and uncounted. Oxygen and ventilators are in such short supply that hospitals are instructing patients to bring their own tanks, and a black market in oxygen is flourishing, something medical anthropologist Paul Farmer warned about in a brief editorial I shared with my students in a course called Public Writing and Public Health just a few weeks ago.3 I told those students—practicing nurses, doctors, public health advocates, and social workers—that their expertise mattered. That to write well about science is as much about observation and humility as it is about pitching timely stories and crafting beautiful sentences. That to supplement the work of the clinic with the skills of the critic was their responsibility. In the era of Trump and Modi, we have needed to say “Listen to the science,” but this, too, is a
我收到这四篇美丽文章的那一周,也是印度新冠肺炎病例数超过此前所有疫情记录的那一天。在撰写本文时,每日感染率在2021年5月7日达到414188人的峰值后,已经在30万人左右徘徊了一周多。据统计,共有2400万例病例,至少26万人死亡。1现在,印度和国外的英语媒体的异国恐怖加剧了我们对痛苦的场景的熟悉:病人孤独地死在不足和不堪重负的外面的人行道上,医院在等床,呼吸困难。有人说,这些估计只有实际数字的八分之一。据信,在北方邦、中央邦、比哈尔邦和西孟加拉邦的农村地区,还有数十万人在远离新冠病毒检测点和医院的地方受苦和死亡。2其他人在家中死亡,未经检测,数量不详。几周前,医学人类学家保罗·法默在一篇名为《公共写作与公共卫生》的课程中与学生们分享了一篇简短的社论,他在社论中警告说,氧气和呼吸机供应短缺,医院正在指示患者自带氧气罐,氧气黑市正在蓬勃发展,公共卫生倡导者和社会工作者——他们的专业知识很重要。写好关于科学的文章,既要有观察力和谦逊,也要有适时的故事和优美的句子。用评论家的技能来补充诊所的工作是他们的责任。在特朗普和莫迪时代,我们需要说“倾听科学”,但这也是一个
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引用次数: 0
Climate Tragedy 气候灾难
IF 0.1 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/pli.2020.39
Manya Lempert
I hypothesize that tragedy is the genre best suited to represent climate catastrophe. Tragedy, I contend, is committed to diagnosing the ideological and material conditions that make for mass, undeserved suffering—conditions of colonization and racialization, for instance, in Greek and modern drama and in modern tragic fiction. Not only does tragedy reveal injurious forms of power, it stages or incites rebellious collective action against them. These features of literary tragedy, I suggest, are non-Aristotelian. Aristotle lodges the source of crisis in individuals, who inadvertently cause their own misfortunes and suffer from them. The literary tragedy that I theorize, however, locates the origins of communal suffering in external agents of death and domination.
我假设悲剧是最适合表现气候灾难的类型。我认为,悲剧致力于诊断造成大规模、不应有的痛苦的意识形态和物质条件——例如,在希腊和现代戏剧以及现代悲剧小说中,殖民化和种族化的条件。悲剧不仅揭示了权力的有害形式,它还上演或煽动了反对权力的反叛集体行动。我认为,文学悲剧的这些特征不是亚里士多德式的。亚里士多德认为危机的根源在于个人,是那些无意中造成自己不幸并为此受苦的人。然而,我理论化的文学悲剧,将公共苦难的根源定位于死亡和统治的外部因素。
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引用次数: 0
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Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry
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