Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献

英文中文

Influences of surface contaminating elements on potential-induced degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113413

Yiming Qin , Asahi Yonemoto , Marwan Dhamrin , Keisuke Ohdaira , Kazuhiro Gotoh , Atsushi Masuda

Effects of alkali metal on the potential-induced degradation (PID) phenomena in wafer-based conventional p-type crystalline silicon technologies were studied. It is known that sodium rapidly and severely brings the shunting-type PID (PID-s) phenomenon; however, the impact of other alkali metal such as lithium and potassium on the PID-s phenomenon is unrevealed. We used solar cells that light-receiving surface was contaminated with lithium, sodium or potassium, and in order to control the sodium content, prepared were photovoltaic modules without cover glass and performed were PID tests and anneal tests. During the tests, the performance of each module was judged by the current-voltage measurements and the electroluminescence images. After a certain time of PID tests, the secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis was performed on the solar cells of some modules. Thus, the penetration status of alkali metal elements is judged. From the PID tests and anneal tests, we conclude that, the negative potential of the solar cell light-receiving surface is the basis of the PID-s phenomenon. Furthermore, in the PID tests, all elements penetrated into the solar cell, but only sodium rapidly causes severe PID-s phenomenon. The PID-s phenomenon appears to be moderated when both lithium and sodium are present on the solar cell light-receiving surface. Therefore, we believe that lithium and potassium do not cause PID-s phenomenon, and lithium seems to mitigate the sodium-induced PID-s phenomenon.

{"title":"Influences of surface contaminating elements on potential-induced degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells","authors":"Yiming Qin , Asahi Yonemoto , Marwan Dhamrin , Keisuke Ohdaira , Kazuhiro Gotoh , Atsushi Masuda","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effects of alkali metal on the potential-induced degradation (PID) phenomena in wafer-based conventional p-type crystalline silicon technologies were studied. It is known that sodium rapidly and severely brings the shunting-type PID (PID-s) phenomenon; however, the impact of other alkali metal such as lithium and potassium on the PID-s phenomenon is unrevealed. We used solar cells that light-receiving surface was contaminated with lithium, sodium or potassium, and in order to control the sodium content, prepared were photovoltaic modules without cover glass and performed were PID tests and anneal tests. During the tests, the performance of each module was judged by the current-voltage measurements and the electroluminescence images. After a certain time of PID tests, the secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis was performed on the solar cells of some modules. Thus, the penetration status of alkali metal elements is judged. From the PID tests and anneal tests, we conclude that, the negative potential of the solar cell light-receiving surface is the basis of the PID-s phenomenon. Furthermore, in the PID tests, all elements penetrated into the solar cell, but only sodium rapidly causes severe PID-s phenomenon. The PID-s phenomenon appears to be moderated when both lithium and sodium are present on the solar cell light-receiving surface. Therefore, we believe that lithium and potassium do not cause PID-s phenomenon, and lithium seems to mitigate the sodium-induced PID-s phenomenon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113413"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Removal of hydrogen impurities from granular polysilicon via microwave heating for Czochralski monocrystalline silicon

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113414

Jie Li , Xiaoying Zhou , Jinbing Zhang , Huyixiong Huang , Yongxian Rao , Qi Lei , Dongli Hu , Xusheng Wang , Shuai Yuan , Deren Yang

Granular polysilicon produced by the fluidized bed method has become a competitive material in the photovoltaic industry due to its cost efficiency and compatibility with continuous Czochralski (CCZ) processes. However, its high hydrogen impurity content poses challenges during monocrystalline silicon growth, leading to undesirable phenomena such as "hydrogen jump." This study investigates the removal of hydrogen impurities in granular polysilicon using microwave heating as an innovative and energy-efficient method. The effects of heating rate, temperature, and holding time on hydrogen impurity removal were systematically explored and compared to traditional resistance heating. The results reveal that microwave heating significantly enhances hydrogen impurity removal through its unique heating characteristics, facilitating the desorption and migration of hydrogen impurities via microcrack formation. Optimal parameters for impurity removal were determined, providing a promising pathway for improving the quality of granular polysilicon for monocrystalline silicon production.

{"title":"Removal of hydrogen impurities from granular polysilicon via microwave heating for Czochralski monocrystalline silicon","authors":"Jie Li , Xiaoying Zhou , Jinbing Zhang , Huyixiong Huang , Yongxian Rao , Qi Lei , Dongli Hu , Xusheng Wang , Shuai Yuan , Deren Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Granular polysilicon produced by the fluidized bed method has become a competitive material in the photovoltaic industry due to its cost efficiency and compatibility with continuous Czochralski (CCZ) processes. However, its high hydrogen impurity content poses challenges during monocrystalline silicon growth, leading to undesirable phenomena such as \"hydrogen jump.\" This study investigates the removal of hydrogen impurities in granular polysilicon using microwave heating as an innovative and energy-efficient method. The effects of heating rate, temperature, and holding time on hydrogen impurity removal were systematically explored and compared to traditional resistance heating. The results reveal that microwave heating significantly enhances hydrogen impurity removal through its unique heating characteristics, facilitating the desorption and migration of hydrogen impurities via microcrack formation. Optimal parameters for impurity removal were determined, providing a promising pathway for improving the quality of granular polysilicon for monocrystalline silicon production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113414"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evaluation of vortex generators for enhancing solar photovoltaic panel performance with parabolic reflectors

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113411

M. Sheikholeslami , F.A.M. Abd Ali

This study presents an experimental investigation into the impact of vortex generators (VGs) on the productivity of a CPVT (concentrated photovoltaic thermal) system. The CPVT system was tested using a single-axis solar tracking mechanism and a parabolic solar collector that concentrated solar radiation onto a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) module. The cooling system utilized water, and two different geometries—one without VGs and one with VGs—were tested across various flow rates to assess their influence on system performance. The CPVT system consisted of eight monocrystalline solar modules interconnected in parallel to maximize energy collection. The experiments were conducted in Najaf, Iraq, on July 27, 28, 30, 31, and August 2, 2023. Data collection was carried out at 20-min intervals from 10:20 to 14:00 on each test day. Environmental conditions were carefully monitored and recorded using precise measurement instruments. Key performance indicators, such as electrical and thermal efficiencies, were analyzed at various times throughout the day. The results revealed that enhancing the cooling of the solar cells significantly improved their power production capabilities and longevity. Given Iraq's hot climate, where temperatures can reach extreme levels, effective cooling is crucial to prevent long-term damage to the solar cells. The study found that increasing the coolant flow rate led to a significant improvement in thermal efficiency, with an average enhancement of 22.07 %. The introduction of VGs resulted in substantial gains, with average thermal efficiency increasing by 15 % and electrical efficiency by 23 %. The overall efficiencies of the CPVT systems were recorded as 64.31 % without VGs and 74.81 % with VGs, highlighting a marked improvement in performance due to the incorporation of VGs. This study emphasizes the critical role of effective thermal management in CPVT systems, particularly in hot climates, where the risk of thermal degradation is high.

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of vortex generators for enhancing solar photovoltaic panel performance with parabolic reflectors","authors":"M. Sheikholeslami , F.A.M. Abd Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an experimental investigation into the impact of vortex generators (VGs) on the productivity of a CPVT (concentrated photovoltaic thermal) system. The CPVT system was tested using a single-axis solar tracking mechanism and a parabolic solar collector that concentrated solar radiation onto a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) module. The cooling system utilized water, and two different geometries—one without VGs and one with VGs—were tested across various flow rates to assess their influence on system performance. The CPVT system consisted of eight monocrystalline solar modules interconnected in parallel to maximize energy collection. The experiments were conducted in Najaf, Iraq, on July 27, 28, 30, 31, and August 2, 2023. Data collection was carried out at 20-min intervals from 10:20 to 14:00 on each test day. Environmental conditions were carefully monitored and recorded using precise measurement instruments. Key performance indicators, such as electrical and thermal efficiencies, were analyzed at various times throughout the day. The results revealed that enhancing the cooling of the solar cells significantly improved their power production capabilities and longevity. Given Iraq's hot climate, where temperatures can reach extreme levels, effective cooling is crucial to prevent long-term damage to the solar cells. The study found that increasing the coolant flow rate led to a significant improvement in thermal efficiency, with an average enhancement of 22.07 %. The introduction of VGs resulted in substantial gains, with average thermal efficiency increasing by 15 % and electrical efficiency by 23 %. The overall efficiencies of the CPVT systems were recorded as 64.31 % without VGs and 74.81 % with VGs, highlighting a marked improvement in performance due to the incorporation of VGs. This study emphasizes the critical role of effective thermal management in CPVT systems, particularly in hot climates, where the risk of thermal degradation is high.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113411"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ex-situ doping of polysilicon hole contacts for silicon solar cells via electron-beam boron evaporation

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113387

Yida Pan , Di Yan , Zhongshu Yang , Di Kang , Sergey Rubanov , Jiali Wang , Peiting Zheng , Jie Yang , Xinyu Zhang , James Bullock

In this study, a novel method for doping of p⁺ polysilicon (poly-Si)/SiO_x passivated contacts is demonstrated. This is achieved by using a thin (∼3 nm) boron layer, deposited by electron beam evaporation, as a dopant source on top of an intrinsic poly-Si layer, which allows diffusion of boron into the structure at temperatures above 900 °C. Surface passivation, exemplified by the implied open circuit voltage (iV_oc), and contact resistance, represented by the specific contact resistivity (ρ_c), were studied as a function of activation parameters including the drive-in temperature/time. By optimising the activation condition, doping layer thickness, and hydrogenation process, an iV_oc of 709 mV and a ρ_c of 3.2 mΩcm² is achieved for a 180 nm poly-Si film. This technique was also demonstrated to allow simple patterning of p⁺ poly-Si regions via use of a shadow mask during the boron deposition process. These results highlight an alternative way to form patterned region doping for high performance p⁺ poly-Si/SiO_x passivated contacts, allowing advanced silicon solar cell architectures.

{"title":"Ex-situ doping of polysilicon hole contacts for silicon solar cells via electron-beam boron evaporation","authors":"Yida Pan , Di Yan , Zhongshu Yang , Di Kang , Sergey Rubanov , Jiali Wang , Peiting Zheng , Jie Yang , Xinyu Zhang , James Bullock","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel method for doping of p<sup>+</sup> polysilicon (poly-Si)/SiO<sub>x</sub> passivated contacts is demonstrated. This is achieved by using a thin (∼3 nm) boron layer, deposited by electron beam evaporation, as a dopant source on top of an intrinsic poly-Si layer, which allows diffusion of boron into the structure at temperatures above 900 °C. Surface passivation, exemplified by the implied open circuit voltage (<em>iV</em><sub>oc</sub>), and contact resistance, represented by the specific contact resistivity (<em>ρ</em><sub>c</sub>), were studied as a function of activation parameters including the drive-in temperature/time. By optimising the activation condition, doping layer thickness, and hydrogenation process, an <em>iV</em><sub>oc</sub> of 709 mV and a <em>ρ</em><sub>c</sub> of 3.2 mΩcm<sup>2</sup> is achieved for a 180 nm poly-Si film. This technique was also demonstrated to allow simple patterning of p<sup>+</sup> poly-Si regions via use of a shadow mask during the boron deposition process. These results highlight an alternative way to form patterned region doping for high performance p<sup>+</sup> poly-Si/SiO<sub>x</sub> passivated contacts, allowing advanced silicon solar cell architectures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113387"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-temperature ZnOx (ALD)/SiO2 (spin-coating) dopant-free electron-selective contact enabling 22.11%-efficiency Si solar cell

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113403

Jiawang Qiu , Ying Zhang , Zhongguo Zhou , Xi Lin , Xiaomin Song , Sihua Zhong , Haipeng Yin , Xiulin Jiang , Junbing Zhang , Zi Ouyang , Wenzhong Shen , Zengguang Huang

In recent years, there has been a concerted effort to develop new electron-selective (ES) materials for crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells aimed at simplifying the processes and improving efficiencies. By combing the low-temperature spin-coating SiO₂ with the atomic layer deposition (ALD) ZnO_x, we in this work prepared the dopant-free ES contact of ALD-ZnO_x/Spin-coating SiO₂/LiF/Al and applied it to n-type c-Si solar cells as a full-area rear contact. It is found that the optimal ZnO_x/SiO₂/LiF/Al sample with the 10 cycles-thickness ZnO_x, has the lowest contact resistivity (ρ_c) of 0.857 mΩ cm² and the high minority carrier lifetime (τ_eff) of 319.43 μs, indicating the simultaneous achievement of the excellent contact performance and surface passivation. It is verified that the spin-coating SiO₂ layer can boost the surface passivation level while maintaining the low ρ_c due to the pinhole-like carrier transport mechanism in spin-coating SiO₂. Finally, the champion efficiency of 22.11 % was achieved in the n-type c-Si solar cell with full-area rear ZnO_x/SiO₂/LiF/Al ES dopant-free contact. This represents the best performance for ZnO_x-based dopant-free c-Si solar cells, displaying a bright prospect of this ES contact in the low-temperature and high-efficiency Si heterojunction and Si/Perovskite tandem solar cells.

{"title":"Low-temperature ZnOx (ALD)/SiO2 (spin-coating) dopant-free electron-selective contact enabling 22.11%-efficiency Si solar cell","authors":"Jiawang Qiu , Ying Zhang , Zhongguo Zhou , Xi Lin , Xiaomin Song , Sihua Zhong , Haipeng Yin , Xiulin Jiang , Junbing Zhang , Zi Ouyang , Wenzhong Shen , Zengguang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a concerted effort to develop new electron-selective (ES) materials for crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells aimed at simplifying the processes and improving efficiencies. By combing the low-temperature spin-coating SiO<sub>2</sub> with the atomic layer deposition (ALD) ZnO<sub>x</sub>, we in this work prepared the dopant-free ES contact of ALD-ZnO<sub>x</sub>/Spin-coating SiO<sub>2</sub>/LiF/Al and applied it to n-type c-Si solar cells as a full-area rear contact. It is found that the optimal ZnO<sub>x</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>/LiF/Al sample with the 10 cycles-thickness ZnO<sub>x</sub>, has the lowest contact resistivity (<em>ρ</em><sub><em>c</em></sub>) of 0.857 mΩ cm<sup>2</sup> and the high minority carrier lifetime (<em>τ</em><sub><em>eff</em></sub>) of 319.43 μs, indicating the simultaneous achievement of the excellent contact performance and surface passivation. It is verified that the spin-coating SiO<sub>2</sub> layer can boost the surface passivation level while maintaining the low <em>ρ</em><sub><em>c</em></sub> due to the pinhole-like carrier transport mechanism in spin-coating SiO<sub>2</sub>. Finally, the champion efficiency of 22.11 % was achieved in the n-type c-Si solar cell with full-area rear ZnO<sub>x</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>/LiF/Al ES dopant-free contact. This represents the best performance for ZnO<sub>x</sub>-based dopant-free c-Si solar cells, displaying a bright prospect of this ES contact in the low-temperature and high-efficiency Si heterojunction and Si/Perovskite tandem solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113403"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature dependency of the optical properties of photovoltaic module component layers

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113389

Simon M.F. Zhang , Angus Gentle , Maryna Bilokur , Ning Song , Zhen Yang , Yajie Jiang , Hamish Teasdale , Raghavi Bhoopathy , Ivan Perez-Wurfl , Ziv Hameiri

Photovoltaic module performance in the field is strongly dependent on the optical properties of its component layers and the temperature dependencies of these properties. However, despite their importance, the temperature dependencies of the optical properties of many photovoltaic module components appear to have not been characterised. Hence, the assumptions regarding their optical stabilities at various temperatures have not been verified. In this study, a temperature-dependent spectrophotometry method is developed to enable this verification. The temperature dependencies of the optical properties of silicon nitride, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and backsheets are characterised, and their impacts on module operations are quantified via ray-tracing simulations. It is concluded that (1) silicon nitride anti-reflection coatings are optically stable between room temperature and 85 °C, and (2) several temperature dependencies exist at different wavelengths in both EVA and backsheets, however, they do not have a significant impact on the module operation.

{"title":"Temperature dependency of the optical properties of photovoltaic module component layers","authors":"Simon M.F. Zhang , Angus Gentle , Maryna Bilokur , Ning Song , Zhen Yang , Yajie Jiang , Hamish Teasdale , Raghavi Bhoopathy , Ivan Perez-Wurfl , Ziv Hameiri","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic module performance in the field is strongly dependent on the optical properties of its component layers and the temperature dependencies of these properties. However, despite their importance, the temperature dependencies of the optical properties of many photovoltaic module components appear to have not been characterised. Hence, the assumptions regarding their optical stabilities at various temperatures have not been verified. In this study, a temperature-dependent spectrophotometry method is developed to enable this verification. The temperature dependencies of the optical properties of silicon nitride, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and backsheets are characterised, and their impacts on module operations are quantified via ray-tracing simulations. It is concluded that (1) silicon nitride anti-reflection coatings are optically stable between room temperature and 85 °C, and (2) several temperature dependencies exist at different wavelengths in both EVA and backsheets, however, they do not have a significant impact on the module operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113389"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical model for photocurrent density in linearly graded band gap Sb2Se3 solar cells

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113404

Ali Hajjiah

This study introduces a model to estimate the photocurrent density in Sb₂Se₃ solar cells with a linearly graded band gap, adaptable for various grading profiles. The model incorporates both carrier generation and recombination processes, along with an effective absorption coefficient, to more accurately compute the photocurrent density. Our results show that band gap grading leads to higher photocurrent densities compared to non-graded cells, offering design flexibility for improved device performance. Specifically, the graded band gap reduces sensitivity to band-gap changes, allowing for enhanced built-in voltage and back surface field effects. We identify an optimal grading strength that maximizes photocurrent density, while excessive grading reduces absorption efficiency. Additionally, longer diffusion lengths contribute to higher photocurrent densities, though recombination in the depletion region has a more pronounced effect than in the absorber. These findings suggest that controlled band gap grading in Sb₂Se₃ solar cells can significantly enhance their efficiency.

引用次数: 0

A machine learning workflow for large-scale discovery of direct bandgap double perovskites

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113402

Yuzhi Chen , Hongyu Liu , Xu Fang , Yuanhua Li , Jing Chen , Lin Peng , Xiaolin Liu , Jia Lin

Direct bandgap double perovskites are gaining great attention as a stable and eco-friendly alternative to single perovskites, exhibiting considerable potential in photovoltaics, luminescence, and catalysis. However, the high costs, lengthy experimental trial-and-error cycles, and the substantial computational demands of conventional first principles-based calculations have hindered the effective screening of direct bandgap double perovskites across the vast space of potential materials. In this study, we present a machine learning-based workflow capable of rapidly screening double perovskites with direct bandgap from the periodic table, achieving a remarkable 90 % accuracy. Leveraging this approach, we have identified 176 double perovskites that have a direct bandgap and exhibit excellent stability, 153 of which have not been reported. In addition, we find that the ionic radius of the B-site and B′-site of double perovskites are highly correlated with the nature of the bandgap by explainable machine learning. This framework provides an efficient and accurate method for identifying promising double perovskites for optoelectronic applications.

{"title":"A machine learning workflow for large-scale discovery of direct bandgap double perovskites","authors":"Yuzhi Chen , Hongyu Liu , Xu Fang , Yuanhua Li , Jing Chen , Lin Peng , Xiaolin Liu , Jia Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct bandgap double perovskites are gaining great attention as a stable and eco-friendly alternative to single perovskites, exhibiting considerable potential in photovoltaics, luminescence, and catalysis. However, the high costs, lengthy experimental trial-and-error cycles, and the substantial computational demands of conventional first principles-based calculations have hindered the effective screening of direct bandgap double perovskites across the vast space of potential materials. In this study, we present a machine learning-based workflow capable of rapidly screening double perovskites with direct bandgap from the periodic table, achieving a remarkable 90 % accuracy. Leveraging this approach, we have identified 176 double perovskites that have a direct bandgap and exhibit excellent stability, 153 of which have not been reported. In addition, we find that the ionic radius of the B-site and B′-site of double perovskites are highly correlated with the nature of the bandgap by explainable machine learning. This framework provides an efficient and accurate method for identifying promising double perovskites for optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 113402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Composite phase change materials made from cellulose that possess high energy storage capacity and outstanding photothermal conversion properties

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113396

Lan Dong , Xichao Wang , Xiaoxiao Yu , Chuanhui Zhou , Zihua Wu , Yuanyuan Wang , Yongjie Cui , Yihuai Li , Huaqing Xie

The shape stable phase-change composite materials (PCMs) are attracting considerable interest because of their excellent thermodynamics efficiency and stability. In this work, we synthesized a series of CDA/PEG and CDA/PEG/GO composite PCMs made from cellulose diacetate (CDA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and oxygenated graphene (GO) by employing solution blending and ultrasonic dispersion techniques. The latent heat of PCMs is facilitated by PEG, whereas skeletal support and light absorption are provided by CDA and GO, respectively. The experimental results show that after an hour of heating at 80 °C, the combined PCMs present outstanding stability of form and do not leak. At the same time, the PCMs exhibit good thermal stability approach to 300 °C. For CDA/PEG composite phase change materials, with PEG mass fraction reaches 85.7 %, the maximum melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy are 145.43 J/g and 139.36 J/g, respectively. For the CDA/PEG/GO composite phase change materials, with PEG mass fraction reaches 85.7 % and GO reaches 3.0 %, achieving photothermal conversion approach to 96.8 %. In conclusion, the CDA/PEG/GO composite PCMs exhibit broad potential for applications in thermal energy storage and solar energy utilization.

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引用次数: 0

Solar-driven MXene-based DES nanofluid coupled with high-reflectivity PVDF/PMMA film for efficient atmospheric water harvesting

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113399

Dahai Zhu , Zedian Li , Yifan Li , Lingling Wang , Junzhe Dong , Chenggong Zhao , Mingzhe Han , Jingyan Wang , Qingyun Lyu , Liansheng Cui , Huaqing Xie , Wei Yu

Solar-driven atmospheric water harvesting is an innovative technology that utilizes solar energy to convert light into heat, promoting the condensation of water vapor from the air and enabling efficient water collection. The overall light absorption capacity of the system and the energy conversion efficiency of photothermal nanofluids are critical factors limiting the efficiency of water harvesting. In this study, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) nanofluid was developed using choline chloride (ChCl) and urea, with MXene introduced to enhance the photothermal conversion capability. Under solar irradiation of 1000 W/m², the MXene nanofluid with a concentration of 0.05 wt% achieved a photothermal conversion efficiency of 94.3 %. A high-reflectivity polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film was fabricated via electrospinning and combined with the DES-based nanofluid, increasing the overall light absorption through an extended optical path. This coupled system demonstrated a 49 % increase in water evaporation rate compared to the original nanofluid, reaching 0.91 kg/m²·h. The system exhibited stable evaporation performance in outdoor environments, with an average evaporation rate of 0.64 kg/m²·h. This research provides new insights and technological support for efficient solar energy collection and water resource utilization, offering significant potential for practical applications.

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引用次数: 0

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