Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献_第6页

Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) for dual-axis solar tracker applied in CPV 应用于 CPV 的双轴太阳能跟踪器的模型参考自适应控制 (MRAC)

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113225

S.I. Palomino-Resendiz , M.A. Peñaloza-López , D.A. Flores-Hernández , C.U. Solís-Cervantes , R.L. Palomino-Resendiz

In this work, the simulation of the behavior of an MRAC assisted solar tracker in solar trajectory tracking tasks has been developed for a prototype of a two-axis solar tracker that presents structural and performance characteristics capable of supporting PV, CPV, and HCPV-type technology. The proposal is numerically validated by developing an experimental methodology consisting of two stages. The first stage is associated with developing tests of the MRAC-assisted solar tracker to reproduce a solar trajectory (obtained offline by a numerical method) with and without the injection of disturbances (with dynamics equivalent to wind loads in reality), respectively. On the other hand, in the second stage, after replicating the conditions of the tests of stage one but with the assistance of a simple PID type controller, the analysis and comparison of the performance of each alternative is carried out, the above, in terms of tracking error or pointing accuracy. The results show that both alternatives are functional in the development of tests under favorable conditions. However, under conditions with disturbances, it can be noted that the MRAC reduces the tracking error by around 87% compared to PID control.

在这项工作中，针对双轴太阳能跟踪器原型开发了 MRAC 辅助太阳能跟踪器在太阳能轨迹跟踪任务中的行为模拟，该原型具有能够支持光伏、CPV 和 HCPV 类技术的结构和性能特征。通过开发由两个阶段组成的实验方法，对该建议进行了数值验证。第一阶段是对 MRAC 辅助太阳能跟踪器进行测试，以重现太阳能轨迹（通过离线数值方法获得），分别有干扰注入和无干扰注入（动态相当于现实中的风载荷）。另一方面，在第二阶段，复制了第一阶段的测试条件，但使用了一个简单的 PID 型控制器，对每种替代方案的性能进行了分析和比较，即跟踪误差或指向精度。结果表明，在有利条件下，两种方案都能在测试中发挥作用。然而，在有干扰的条件下，可以注意到 MRAC 比 PID 控制减少了约 87% 的跟踪误差。

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引用次数: 0

Creating an intermediate energy band to boost the photoelectrochemical efficiency of TiO2 for solar-driven hydrogen production 创建中间能带，提高二氧化钛的光电化学效率，促进太阳能制氢

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113226

Ranjith Balu , Gautham Devendrapandi , Lalitha Gnanasekaran , P.C. Karthika , Omar H. Abd-Elkader , Woo Kyoung Kim , Vasudeva Reddy Minnam Reddy , Monit Kapoor , Suresh Singh , Mahimaluru Lavanya

The utilization of photoelectrochemical processes for hydrogen generation from water and solar energy offers a promising avenue to replace non-renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, achieving high-performance photoanode electrodes poses a significant challenge. In this study, we present the synthesis cerium and chromium-doped TiO₂ (CeCrTiO₂) is produced through a simple, scalable, and cost-effective hydrothermal method on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. the introduction of Ce and Cr impurities is highlighted for its role in creating an impurity band within CeCrTiO₂. This impurity band is instrumental in enhancing the separation and movement of electrons and holes, contributing to the improved performance of CeCrTiO₂ as a photoanode in photoelectrochemical applications. Hence, the photocurrent density value of CeCrTiO₂ is 4.5 times higher than that of bare TiO₂. This suggests that CeCrTiO₂ exhibits improved efficiency in generating a photocurrent when exposed to light, indicating enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. The amount of hydrogen produced by CeCrTiO₂ is noted to be 4.88 times greater than that of bare TiO₂. This highlights the material's effectiveness in harnessing solar energy to drive the water-splitting reaction, leading to a higher yield of hydrogen gas. The synthesis of CeCrTiO₂ through a hydrothermal method results in a photoanode with significantly enhanced performance, positioning it as a promising candidate for advancing photoelectrochemical processes aimed at replacing non-renewable energy sources.

利用光电化学过程从水和太阳能中制氢，为替代不可再生能源提供了一条前景广阔的途径。然而，实现高性能光阳极电极是一项重大挑战。在本研究中，我们介绍了在掺氟氧化锡（FTO）基底上通过简单、可扩展且经济有效的水热法合成掺铈和铬的二氧化钛（CeCrTiO2）的过程。该杂质带有助于加强电子和空穴的分离和移动，从而提高 CeCrTiO2 作为光阳极在光电化学应用中的性能。因此，CeCrTiO2 的光电流密度值是裸 TiO2 的 4.5 倍。这表明 CeCrTiO2 在光照下产生光电流的效率有所提高，从而增强了光电化学性能。CeCrTiO2 产生的氢气量是裸 TiO2 的 4.88 倍。这凸显了该材料在利用太阳能驱动分水反应方面的有效性，从而提高了氢气产量。通过水热法合成 CeCrTiO2 可得到性能显著增强的光阳极，使其成为推动旨在替代不可再生能源的光电化学过程的理想候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

Open architecture testbed for hybrid solar energy harvesting systems based on concentration by Fresnel lens 基于菲涅尔透镜聚光的混合太阳能收集系统的开放式结构测试平台

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113224

D.A. Flores-Hernández , J.C. Ordaz-Dehesa , C.F. López-Olvera , S.I. Palomino-Resendiz

Energy demand has motivated the development of new technologies to make energy collection more efficient, where the use of concentrating optical elements, such as Fresnel lenses, and precise tracking of the solar path are required, motivating the development of hybrid systems that integrate concentration photovoltaics and thermoelectric modules. However, these investigations do not perform the tests under the same experimental and environmental conditions, achieving the experiments on different days under different weather conditions, complicating a fair comparison between methods and configurations to define the advantages and improvements between them; hence, the development of an open architecture test bed is presented, which allows the comparison of four technologies under the same conditions at the same time by monitoring and recording instrumentation and environmental data in real-time using a two-axis solar tracking robotic system and focus control devices. The system was validated and verified through experimentation to ensure its functionality. In addition, the open architecture approach allows addition, updating, and simply changing of components or devices for specific research constraints, increasing the connectivity to communicate with other instruments in a wired or wireless way, opening the possibility of future research that integrates concepts of the Internet of Things and cloud computing. Finally, the developed open architecture test bed opens the door to research centers and universities in the training of new researchers and developers of hybrid technology, obtaining experience in this field.

能源需求推动了新技术的发展，使能源收集更加高效，其中需要使用聚光光学元件（如菲涅尔透镜）和精确跟踪太阳路径，从而推动了集成聚光光伏和热电模块的混合系统的发展。然而，这些研究并没有在相同的实验和环境条件下进行测试，而是在不同的天气条件下于不同的日子进行实验，这使得对不同的方法和配置进行公平比较以确定它们之间的优势和改进变得更加复杂；因此，本文介绍了开放式结构试验台的开发情况，通过使用双轴太阳能跟踪机器人系统和聚焦控制装置实时监测和记录仪器和环境数据，该试验台可以在相同的条件下同时对四种技术进行比较。该系统通过实验进行了验证和检验，以确保其功能性。此外，开放式架构方法允许根据特定的研究限制添加、更新和简单地更换组件或设备，增加了与其他仪器进行有线或无线通信的连接性，为未来整合物联网和云计算概念的研究提供了可能性。最后，所开发的开放式结构试验台为研究中心和大学培训混合技术的新研究人员和开发人员、获取该领域的经验打开了大门。

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引用次数: 0

The origins of nonlinear peculiarities on the IV characteristics of multi-junction solar cells 多结太阳能电池 IV 特性非线性特性的起源

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113213

Mikhail A. Mintairov, Valery V. Evstropov, Sergey A. Mintairov, Mariia V. Nakhimovich, Roman A. Salii, Maxim Z. Shvarts, Nikolay A. Kalyuzhnyy

The paper presents an overview of studies of the multi-junction (MJ) solar cells (SC) with IV characteristics having nonlinear peculiarities. It is shown that such peculiarities can arise either due to hetero-interface barriers (HB) for majority charge carriers or due to problems with tunnel diodes (TD). It is usually difficult to identify which of these hetero-structural objects is the cause of this nonlinearity, since the peculiarities appear similarly in the IV characteristics of MJ SC. The experimental method presented in this work is based on the study of IV characteristics during the overheating of MJ SCs. The behavior of nonlinear peculiarities caused by an imperfect TD or an HB is fundamentally different during the overheating of SCs, which makes it possible to identify the type of hetero-structural object. Since the number of hetero-interfaces in MJ SC is large, a method determining the position of problematic objects in the MJ structure was also developed. The method is based on the illumination of individual subcells using different laser wavelengths. Both methods considered were tested experimentally on GaInP/GaAs/Ge SCs.

本文概述了对具有非线性特性的 IV 特性的多结 (MJ) 太阳能电池 (SC) 的研究。研究表明，出现这种特殊性的原因可能是多数电荷载流子的异质界面势垒 (HB)，也可能是隧道二极管 (TD) 的问题。通常很难确定这些异质结构物中的哪一个是造成这种非线性现象的原因，因为在 MJ SC 的 IV 特性中也会出现类似的特殊现象。本研究提出的实验方法基于 MJ SC 过热时的 IV 特性研究。在 SC 过热过程中，由不完善的 TD 或 HB 引起的非线性特异性的行为有本质区别，这使得识别异质结构物体的类型成为可能。由于 MJ SC 中异质界面的数量很大，因此还开发了一种确定 MJ 结构中问题对象位置的方法。该方法基于使用不同波长的激光照射单个子单元。这两种方法都在 GaInP/GaAs/Ge SC 上进行了实验测试。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond silicon: Thin-film tandem as an opportunity for photovoltaics supply chain diversification and faster power system decarbonization out to 2050 超越硅：薄膜串联是光伏供应链多样化和 2050 年前电力系统更快去碳化的契机

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113212

Alessandro Martulli , Fabrizio Gota , Neethi Rajagopalan , Toby Meyer , Cesar Omar Ramirez Quiroz , Daniele Costa , Ulrich W. Paetzold , Robert Malina , Bart Vermang , Sebastien Lizin

In the last decade, the manufacturing capacity of silicon, the dominant PV technology, has increasingly been concentrated in China. This coincided with PV cost reduction, while, at the same time, posing risks to PV supply chain security. Recent advancements of novel perovskite tandem PV technologies as an alternative to traditional silicon-based PV provide opportunities for diversification of the PV manufacturing capacity and for increasing the GHG emission benefit of solar PV. Against this background, we estimate the current and future cost-competitiveness and GHG emissions of a set of already commercialized as well as emerging PV technologies for different production locations (China, USA, EU), both at residential and utility-scale. We find EU and USA-manufactured thin-film tandems to have 2–4 % and 0.5–2 % higher costs per kWh and 37–40 % and 32–35 % less GHG emissions per kWh at residential and utility-scale, respectively. Our projections indicate that they will also retain competitive costs (up to 2 % higher) and a 20 % GHG emissions advantage per kWh in 2050.

在过去十年中，光伏技术的主导技术--硅的制造能力越来越多地集中在中国。这在降低光伏成本的同时，也给光伏供应链安全带来了风险。作为传统硅基光伏技术的替代品，新型过氧化物串联光伏技术的最新进展为光伏制造能力的多样化和提高太阳能光伏的温室气体排放效益提供了机遇。在此背景下，我们估算了不同生产地点（中国、美国、欧盟）的一系列已商业化和新兴光伏技术在住宅和公用事业规模上当前和未来的成本竞争力和温室气体排放量。我们发现，欧盟和美国生产的薄膜串联技术在住宅和公用事业规模上的每千瓦时成本分别高出 2-4% 和 0.5-2%，每千瓦时温室气体排放量分别低 37-40% 和 32-35%。我们的预测表明，到 2050 年，它们还将保持具有竞争力的成本（最多高出 2%）和每千瓦时 20% 的温室气体排放优势。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in enhanced thermal property in phase change materials using carbon nanotubes: A review 利用碳纳米管增强相变材料热性能的最新进展：综述

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113228

Pin Jin Ong , Hui Yi Shuko Lee , Suxi Wang , Warintorn Thitsartarn , Xikui Zhang , Junhua Kong , Dan Kai , Beng Hoon Tan , Pei Wang , Zhengyao Qu , Jianwei Xu , Xian Jun Loh , Qiang Zhu

As the demand for renewable and sustainable energy sources rises, considerable efforts have been dedicated to the development of energy storage materials. Phase change materials (PCMs) have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in thermal energy storage (TES) and management systems. However, the low thermal conductivity and potential leakage during phase transition hinder the widespread application of these materials. The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into PCMs has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance their thermal properties due to their exceptional thermal conductivity and structural characteristics. Herein, we provide an overview of recent advances in the utilization of different types of CNTs to improve the thermal performance of PCMs. We discuss various methods of incorporating CNTs into PCMs, including physical mixing, chemical functionalization, and hybrid nanostructures. Furthermore, we examine the effects of CNT addition on the thermal conductivity, latent heat storage capacity, light-to-thermal conversion efficiency, and thermal stability of PCMs. In addition, we discuss the current challenges and prospects for the practical implementation of CNT-enhanced PCMs in diverse TES applications.

随着对可再生和可持续能源需求的增加，人们在开发储能材料方面付出了巨大努力。相变材料（PCM）因其在热能储存（TES）和管理系统中的潜在应用而备受关注。然而，低导热性和相变过程中的潜在泄漏阻碍了这些材料的广泛应用。由于碳纳米管（CNT）具有优异的热传导性和结构特性，因此将其融入 PCMs 中已成为增强其热性能的一种有前途的策略。在此，我们将概述利用不同类型的 CNT 提高 PCM 热性能的最新进展。我们讨论了将 CNT 纳入 PCM 的各种方法，包括物理混合、化学功能化和混合纳米结构。此外，我们还研究了添加 CNT 对 PCMs 的热导率、潜热储存能力、光热转换效率和热稳定性的影响。此外，我们还讨论了目前在各种 TES 应用中实际应用 CNT 增强 PCM 所面临的挑战和前景。

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引用次数: 0

A critical review of unrealistic results in SCAPS-1D simulations: Causes, practical solutions and roadmap ahead 对 SCAPS-1D 模拟中不现实结果的批判性审查：原因、实际解决方案和未来路线图

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113230

Abhisek Saidarsan , Satyabrata Guruprasad , Ashish Malik , Pilik Basumatary , Dhriti Sundar Ghosh

One-dimensional Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) has become a widely used and popular electrical simulation tool in the photovoltaic community. Recently, with the realization of broad chemical tunability provided by perovskite materials, there has been a concerning increase in scientific papers reporting inflated solar cell device performance that deviates significantly from the best experimental results, with some even surpassing the fundamental Shockley-Queisser limit. While some of these projections might suggest significant potential for experimental advancements, it is crucial to approach such exaggerated results with caution. In this study, a comprehensive survey of over 250 reported perovskite solar cell architectures yielded the undeniable implication that such results are primarily due to unrealistic input parameters such as low radiative recombination coefficient, low defect densities, and high doping concentrations. Additionally, inconsistencies in simulation methods and the optical limitations of SCAPS-1D have also been explored. To address these issues, several recommendations, including a standard simulation protocol, have been proposed. Software-generated results may not always represent the actual cell performance as they heavily rely on the validity of inputs and software algorithms.

一维太阳能电池电容模拟器（SCAPS-1D）已成为光伏界广泛使用和流行的电气模拟工具。最近，随着实现了由包晶石材料提供的广泛化学可调性，报告夸大太阳能电池设备性能的科学论文越来越多，这些性能与最佳实验结果相差甚远，有些甚至超过了基本的肖克利-奎塞尔极限。虽然其中一些预测可能暗示着实验进展的巨大潜力，但必须谨慎对待这些夸大的结果。在本研究中，我们对 250 多种已报道的包晶体太阳能电池结构进行了全面调查，结果不可否认地表明，这些结果主要是由于不切实际的输入参数造成的，如低辐射重组系数、低缺陷密度和高掺杂浓度。此外，还探讨了模拟方法的不一致性和 SCAPS-1D 的光学局限性。为解决这些问题，提出了包括标准模拟协议在内的若干建议。软件生成的结果可能并不总是代表实际电池性能，因为它们在很大程度上依赖于输入和软件算法的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and thermal stability research of oxalic acid dihydrate-glutaric acid/PAMPS phase change gel for solar thermal energy utilization 太阳能热利用草酸二水合物-戊二酸/PAMPS 相变凝胶的制备与热稳定性研究

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113219

Sili Zhou , Wenbo Zhang , Wenhui Yuan , Xuenong Gao , Ziye Ling , Xiaoming Fang

Thermal energy storage technology based on phase change materials (PCMs) can address the temporal and spatial mismatches in solar thermal energy conversion, thereby enhancing solar energy utilization efficiency. However, the liquid flow and poor thermal reliability of PCMs limit their large-scale application in solar thermal systems. In this study, we employ a simple “one-pot method” to prepare a form-stable and thermally reliable oxalic acid dihydrate-glutaric acid/poly 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (OAD-GA/PAMPS) phase change gel. The OAD-GA/PAMPS phase change gel melts at 64.5 °C with a phase change enthalpy of 193.6 kJ/kg, the tensile strength is 7.707 MPa, and the compressive strength is 16.940 MPa. By incorporating 5 wt% BN particles, the thermal conductivity of OAD-GA/PAMPS phase change gel reaches 0.63 W/(m·K). After 200 heating-cooling cycles, the phase change temperature of the OAD-GA/PAMPS phase change gel remains nearly unchanged, and the phase change enthalpy decreases by only 5.7 %. The photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the OAD-GA/PAMPS phase change gel is 82.7 %. The high thermal reliability and photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the OAD-GA/PAMPS phase change gel makes it suitable for solar thermal energy storage applications.

基于相变材料（PCM）的热能储存技术可以解决太阳能热能转换中的时空不匹配问题，从而提高太阳能的利用效率。然而，PCMs 的液态流动性和较差的热可靠性限制了其在太阳能热系统中的大规模应用。在本研究中，我们采用简单的 "一锅法 "制备了形态稳定、热可靠的草酸二水合物-戊二酸/聚 2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-1-丙磺酸（OAD-GA/PAMPS）相变凝胶。OAD-GA/PAMPS 相变凝胶的熔点为 64.5 ℃，相变焓为 193.6 kJ/kg，抗拉强度为 7.707 MPa，抗压强度为 16.940 MPa。加入 5 wt% 的 BN 颗粒后，OAD-GA/PAMPS 相变凝胶的导热系数达到 0.63 W/(m-K)。经过 200 次加热-冷却循环后，OAD-GA/PAMPS 相变凝胶的相变温度几乎保持不变，相变焓仅降低了 5.7%。OAD-GA/PAMPS 相变凝胶的光热转换效率为 82.7%。OAD-GA/PAMPS 相变凝胶的高热稳定性和光热转换效率使其适用于太阳能热储应用。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of partial shading and temperature-dependent reverse bias behaviour on degradation in perovskite photovoltaic modules 部分遮光和随温度变化的反向偏压行为对过氧化物光伏组件降解的影响

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113229

Takeshi Tayagaki, Haruka Kobayashi, Kohei Yamamoto, Takurou N. Murakami, Masahiro Yoshita

The vulnerability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to reverse bias caused by partial shading in the module and current mismatch in tandem configurations present significant challenges for the commercialisation of PSCs, particularly in terms of their performance, durability, and safety. In this study, we investigated the effects of partial shading on perovskite photovoltaic (PV) modules and the temperature-dependent reverse bias behaviour in solar cells. Partial shading of perovskite PV modules degrades their performance, but light soaking restores it, indicating that the reverse-bias-induced changes are induced not only by permanent damage but also by reversible changes. Furthermore, the reverse bias effects on the solar cell, which cause the degradation of the modules under partial shading stress, are reversible. Additionally, the reverse-bias behaviour is highly dependent on temperature, indicating that temperature-dependent ion migration under an applied reverse bias leads to changes in the reverse-bias behaviour, such as reversible properties and enhanced modification at elevated temperatures. Our findings demonstrate that unravelling the properties hidden by ion migration is crucial for assessing the intrinsic durability and reliability of PSCs and understanding the effects of partial shading in perovskite PV modules.

由于模块部分遮光和串联配置中的电流不匹配，过氧化物太阳能电池（PSC）容易受到反向偏压的影响，这给 PSC 的商业化带来了重大挑战，尤其是在性能、耐用性和安全性方面。在这项研究中，我们调查了部分遮光对包晶石光伏（PV）模块的影响，以及太阳能电池随温度变化的反向偏压行为。部分遮光会降低透辉石光伏组件的性能，但光照浸泡会恢复其性能，这表明反向偏压引起的变化不仅是由永久性损伤引起的，也是由可逆变化引起的。此外，反向偏压对太阳能电池的影响也是可逆的，这种影响会导致组件在部分遮光应力下性能下降。此外，反向偏压行为高度依赖于温度，这表明在施加反向偏压的情况下，依赖于温度的离子迁移会导致反向偏压行为发生变化，例如在高温下的可逆特性和改性增强。我们的研究结果表明，揭示离子迁移所隐藏的特性对于评估 PSCs 的内在耐久性和可靠性以及了解过氧化物光伏组件中部分遮光的影响至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing solar still productivity in tropical climate with conductive particle-assisted phase change material 利用导电颗粒辅助相变材料提高热带气候条件下太阳能电池的生产力

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113227

Jia Hui Tan , Yuin Yue Liew , Rubina Bahar , Hieng Kiat Jun , Jaslyn Low

Solar desalination may become the sustainable solution to mitigate freshwater scarcity with growing demand. However, conventional solar stills for desalination are limited to low production efficiency caused by low/unavailable solar irradiation. Current research in thermal energy storage (TES) for solar desalination utilizes phase change materials (PCM) to store solar heat, ensuring uninterrupted energy for distillate production. Some PCMs have high melting point which would not melt entirely during low solar radiation periods; hence, this study investigates on the addition of conductive particles in PCMs. This study reports the results from experiments combining various types of PCMs and conductive particles in a solar distiller. Petroleum jelly (PJ) and paraffin wax (PW), along with aluminium scrap and aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nanopowder as conductive particles, were tested in single-slope solar stills to evaluate their performance under varying solar irradiation in a tropical climate country. It can be concluded that the addition of PW as PCM has increased the efficiency of the solar still significantly, and the addition of conductive particles has shown further notable improvements. Interestingly, the relatively expensive Aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles and the cost-effective Aluminium scrap chip exhibited similar performance levels. Among the different sets of experiments, solar still with PW and Aluminium scrap was 17.98 % efficient with a yield of 0.457 kg/m² per day, and its production was 2.8 times higher than the conventional solar still. The solar still with Al₂O₃ nanoparticle embedded PW showed an increase in productivity by 27 % compared to the still with aluminium scrap mixed PW; where the water yield is 0.342 kg/m² per day, 0.038 kg/m² more than the solar still with aluminium scrap mixed PW. The cost of water produced per litre was up to 0.011 US$/litre. This study opens a pathway for further investigation on the efficiency and productivity associated with different categories of conductive particles usually associated with PCM in solar still research in the tropics.

随着需求的不断增长，太阳能海水淡化可能成为缓解淡水匮乏的可持续解决方案。然而，传统的太阳能海水淡化蒸馏器因太阳辐照度低/不可用而生产效率低。目前用于太阳能海水淡化的热能储存（TES）研究利用相变材料（PCM）来储存太阳能热量，确保蒸馏水生产所需的能源不间断。有些 PCM 熔点较高，在太阳辐射较低时不会完全熔化；因此，本研究对在 PCM 中添加导电颗粒进行了调查。本研究报告了在太阳能蒸馏器中结合使用各种 PCM 和导电颗粒的实验结果。在单坡太阳能蒸馏器中测试了凡士林（PJ）和石蜡（PW），以及作为导电颗粒的铝屑和纳米氧化铝（Al2O3）粉末，以评估它们在热带气候国家不同太阳辐照条件下的性能。结果表明，添加 PW 作为 PCM 能显著提高太阳能蒸馏器的效率，而添加导电颗粒则能进一步提高效率。有趣的是，相对昂贵的纳米氧化铝（Al2O3）颗粒和成本低廉的铝屑表现出相似的性能水平。在各组实验中，使用 PW 和铝屑的太阳能蒸馏器效率为 17.98%，产量为每天 0.457 公斤/平方米，其产量是传统太阳能蒸馏器的 2.8 倍。与混合了废铝的太阳能蒸馏器相比，嵌入了 Al2O3 纳米颗粒的废水蒸馏器的生产率提高了 27%；每天的产水量为 0.342 公斤/平方米，比混合了废铝的太阳能蒸馏器多 0.038 公斤/平方米。每升水的生产成本为 0.011 美元/升。这项研究为进一步研究热带地区太阳能蒸馏器研究中通常与 PCM 相关的各类导电颗粒的效率和生产率开辟了道路。

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引用次数: 0