Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献_第9页

Integrating dimensional engineering and optical management for high-performance lead-free all-perovskite tandem solar cells 集成尺寸工程和光学管理的高性能无铅全钙钛矿串联太阳能电池

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114100

Atanu Purkayastha, Arun Tej Mallajosyula

Single junction tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been fabricated to evaluate the performance of phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) passivation and magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) anti-reflection coatings (ARCs) on device performance. The optimized devices, incorporating 15 % PEAI and a MgF₂ layer of thick-ness ∼80 nm, have demonstrated a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.6 %. These improvements are attributed to dimensional engineering that stabilizes the tin perovskite phase and to quarter-wave optical interference that minimizes Fresnel reflection losses at the air | ITO interface. Building on these experimental insights, a two-terminal tandem solar cell (TSC) structure based on 2D/3D FASnI₃ and MAGeI₃ absorbers has been designed and optimized using 2D TCAD simulations. The model incorporates detailed optical interference and recombination physics (Shockley–Read–Hall, Auger, and band-to-band tunneling) to capture carrier dynamics and light management effects. Systematic optimization of interlayers and contacts identified ITO, PCBM, Cu₂O, and Ag as the most effective choices, with MgF₂ ARC further enhancing photon coupling. These results show that the 2T tandem structure can achieve a PCE of up to 31.34 %, which exceeds that of Pb-based all-OIHP counterparts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) of these devices shows that they can achieve low energy payback time (0.57 years) and greenhouse gas emission factor (0.032 kg·kWh⁻¹·year⁻¹). These parameters are better than those of both OIHP-Si and Pb-based all-OIHP TSCs, indicating that Pb-free all-OIHP TSCs could be a sustainable high-performance alternative to the current technologies.

制备了单结锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs），以评价苯乙基碘化铵（PEAI）钝化和氟化镁（MgF2）增透涂层（arc）对器件性能的影响。优化后的器件包含15%的PEAI和厚度为~ 80 nm的MgF2层，其峰值功率转换效率（PCE）为12.6%。这些改进归功于尺寸工程，稳定了锡钙钛矿相，以及四分之一波光学干涉，最大限度地减少了空气| ITO界面的菲涅耳反射损失。基于这些实验见解，基于2D/3D FASnI3和MAGeI3吸收体的双端串联太阳能电池（TSC）结构被设计并使用2D TCAD模拟进行优化。该模型结合了详细的光干涉和复合物理（肖克利-里德-霍尔、俄歇和带对带隧道），以捕捉载流子动力学和光管理效应。通过对中间层和触点的系统优化，发现ITO、PCBM、Cu2O和Ag是最有效的选择，MgF2 ARC进一步增强了光子耦合。结果表明，2T串联结构的PCE高达31.34%，超过了基于pb的全oihp结构。生命周期评价（LCA）结果表明，该装置具有较低的能源回收期（0.57年）和温室气体排放因子（0.032 kg·kWh−1·年−1）。这些参数优于OIHP-Si和基于pb的全oihp TSCs，这表明无pb全oihp TSCs可以成为现有技术的可持续高性能替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Failure modes of TOPCon modules in damp heat environment: moisture and sodium effects TOPCon模块在湿热环境下的失效模式：湿气和钠效应

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114084

Lucie Pirot-Berson , Romain Couderc , Romain Bodeux , Paul Lefillastre , Jérémie Aimé , Julien Dupuis

Tunnel oxide passivated contacts (TOPCon) technology are expected to dominate the market, yet there are few studies on its reliability. In this work, we investigate the effects of moisture and sodium in TOPCon modules in a damp heat environment. Several module configurations (glass-glass, frontsheet-glass, frontsheet-aluminized backsheet and glass-backsheet) were tested to vary the side of moisture ingress and observe the associated failure modes. Additionally, different types of glass materials with different sodium contents were used to test the sensitivity of the TOPCon cells within the glass-glass module to sodium ions. After damp heat aging, in the case of polymeric packaging, the front moisture ingress induces front contacts degradation, likely due to the sensitivity of the silver/aluminum metallization paste. A different pattern of degradation, localized at the center of the half-cells, appears for the rear moisture ingress, and is likely due to the soldering process. For the glass-glass configuration, the results suggest a limited sensitivity of the modules to sodium ions. Finally, the degradation affects the module components rather than the TOPCon cell in damp heat environment.

隧道氧化钝化触点（TOPCon）技术有望主导市场，但对其可靠性的研究却很少。在这项工作中，我们研究了湿热环境中水分和钠对TOPCon模块的影响。测试了几种模块配置（玻璃-玻璃、前板-玻璃、前板-镀铝背板和玻璃-背板），以改变受潮的侧面，并观察相关的失效模式。此外，使用不同钠含量的不同类型的玻璃材料来测试玻璃-玻璃组件内TOPCon电池对钠离子的敏感性。湿热老化后，在聚合物包装的情况下，前面的水分进入导致前触点退化，可能是由于银/铝金属化膏的敏感性。一种不同的退化模式，定位在半电池的中心，出现在后部的水分进入，并且可能是由于焊接过程。对于玻璃-玻璃结构，结果表明模块对钠离子的灵敏度有限。最后，在湿热环境下，降解对组件的影响大于对TOPCon电池的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of photovoltaic module ageing from symmetrically and asymmetrically cut current–voltage curves 从对称和非对称切割电流-电压曲线中识别光伏组件老化

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114081

Heidi Kalliojärvi, Kari Lappalainen

Condition monitoring of photovoltaic (PV) power systems is necessary for their optimal power production: ageing of PV modules must be detected in time. Measured current–voltage curves subjected to single-diode model parameter identification and series resistance -based ageing analysis could provide a low-cost solution for online condition monitoring. However, in practice only small portions of the current–voltage curves around the maximum power point (MPP) can be measured for the parameter identification. This reduces the accuracy of series resistance identification, which complicates the ageing diagnosis. The exact effect of measurement range restrictions on the ageing detection is yet unclear constituting a clear research gap. Indeed, studies where different measurement regions are asymmetrically set on either side of the MPP are lacking, although they would have direct practical value in minimizing the power losses stemming from the measurement. This article addresses this issue for the first time by systematically investigating current–voltage curves limited asymmetrically around the MPP. Both power and voltage-based principles in limiting the measurement region are utilized. It is proven that the ageing-induced increase of series resistance of PV modules can be accurately identified from current–voltage curves measured close to the MPP. Also, the accuracy of the irradiance identification very near the MPP can be clearly improved by reducing the number of identified parameters. The results provide clear guidance for selection of the suitable measurement region for diagnostics. Accordingly, they serve practical condition monitoring of PV power systems.

光伏发电系统的状态监测是光伏发电系统优化发电的必要条件，必须及时检测光伏组件的老化情况。经过单二极管模型参数识别和基于串联电阻的老化分析的测量电流-电压曲线可以为在线状态监测提供低成本的解决方案。然而，在实践中，只有在最大功率点（MPP）附近的电流-电压曲线的一小部分可以测量参数识别。这降低了串联电阻识别的准确性，使老化诊断复杂化。测量范围限制对老化检测的确切影响尚不清楚，构成了明显的研究空白。事实上，在MPP的两侧不对称地设置不同测量区域的研究是缺乏的，尽管它们在最小化测量产生的功率损失方面具有直接的实用价值。本文通过系统地研究MPP周围不对称限制的电流-电压曲线，首次解决了这个问题。基于功率和电压的原理限制了测量区域。结果表明，通过在MPP附近测量的电流-电压曲线可以准确地识别出老化引起的串联电阻增加。此外，通过减少识别参数的数量，可以明显提高非常接近MPP的辐照度识别的准确性。研究结果为选择合适的诊断测量区域提供了明确的指导。因此，它们为光伏发电系统的实际状态监测服务。

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引用次数: 0

Optimized NiTe2/Ni back contacts via chemical deposition for high performance CdTe solar cells 通过化学沉积优化了高性能CdTe太阳能电池的NiTe2/Ni背触点

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114091

Fabiano Perin Gasparin , B. Edward Sartor , Joel N. Duenow , Eric Colegrove , Joshua Brown , Amanda Martinez , Jamie Rozzell , Matthew O. Reese

The development of efficient and stable back contacts remains a major challenge in achieving high performance and long-term stability of CdTe thin-film solar cells. This work revisits the formation of NiTe₂ by chemical bath deposition (CBD) as a back contact for CdTe devices. An optimized CBD recipe, based on high-purity precursors and the addition of copper chloride directly into the bath, was developed and applied to fabricate Cu-doped CdTe solar cells. A modified Cu-free methodology was also applied to Group V doped absorbers. The process included pinhole filling, ion milling, CBD, annealing, and sputtering to form a low-barrier back contact. Devices fabricated using this method achieved consistent open-circuit voltages (V_oc) above 800 mV and fill factors (FF) exceeding 70 %. The best Cu-doped devices reached power conversion efficiencies (PCE) above 18 %, and preliminary results with Group V-doped material demonstrated compatibility of the method with high-efficiency, state-of-the-art CdTe devices. This study shows that NiTe₂/Ni back contacts, formed via an optimized chemical process followed by sputtering of Ni, represent a promising pathway for achieving low-barrier and potentially stable back contacts in modern CdTe photovoltaics.

开发高效稳定的背触点仍然是实现CdTe薄膜太阳能电池高性能和长期稳定性的主要挑战。这项工作通过化学浴沉积（CBD）作为CdTe器件的背触点重新审视了NiTe2的形成。基于高纯度前驱体和直接将氯化铜添加到浴液中的优化CBD配方，开发并应用于制造cu掺杂CdTe太阳能电池。改进的无cu方法也适用于V族掺杂吸收剂。该工艺包括针孔填充、离子铣削、CBD、退火和溅射以形成低势垒背接触。使用这种方法制造的器件实现了800mv以上的一致开路电压（Voc）和超过70%的填充因子（FF）。最佳的cu掺杂器件达到了18%以上的功率转换效率（PCE），并且v掺杂材料的初步结果证明了该方法与高效，最先进的CdTe器件的兼容性。这项研究表明，通过优化的化学过程形成NiTe2/Ni背触点，然后溅射Ni，代表了在现代CdTe光伏中实现低势垒和潜在稳定的背触点的有希望的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Nafion-based full-area hole-selective passivating contacts for P-type Si solar cells approaching 24.0 % efficiency p型硅太阳能电池的全面积孔选择性钝化触点效率接近24.0%

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114090

Zhongguo Zhou , Ying Zhang , Jiawang Qiu , Xi Lin , Xiaomin Song , Sihua Zhong , Haipeng Yin , Rui Tong , Xiankun Cheng , Zi Ouyang , Huiting Huang , Jianyong Feng , Zengguang Huang

Carrier-selective contacts and passivation layers are generally indispensable for high-efficiency crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaics, the introduction of them requires high temperature processing or costly deposition techniques. Forming carrier-selective passivating contacts, ideally under mild conditions, that enable simultaneous carrier extraction and passivation is highly desirable by simplifying the cell architecture and device fabrication. In this work, we show that spin-coating Nafion-based films, as contrast to the traditional inorganic-based materials, could be engineered as efficient hole-selective passivating contacts on the rear side of p-type Si solar cells. Nafion-based contacts offer dual passivation mechanisms of chemical passivation through reacting with Si to form Si oxysulfonates and field-effect passivation through work function tuning by graphene doping, thus delivering a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.90 %. Further optimization of contact resistivity and work function of Nafion-based layers yields a record PCE of 23.67 % for p-type Si solar cells with full-area hole-selective passivating contacts. This work highlights the potential and advantages of organic-based carrier-selective passivating contacts for low-temperature fabrication of high-efficiency Si and Si/perovskite tandem solar cells.

载流子选择性触点和钝化层通常是高效晶体硅（c-Si）光伏电池不可缺少的，它们的引入需要高温加工或昂贵的沉积技术。理想情况下，在温和条件下形成载流子选择性钝化触点，通过简化电池结构和设备制造，使载流子同时提取和钝化是非常可取的。在这项工作中，我们表明，与传统的无机基材料相比，旋转涂层nafon基薄膜可以作为p型Si太阳能电池背面的高效孔选择性钝化触点。钠基触点具有双重钝化机制，通过与Si反应生成Si氧磺酸盐实现化学钝化，通过石墨烯掺杂调节功函数实现场效应钝化，从而实现22.90%的功率转换效率（PCE）。进一步优化nafion基层的接触电阻率和功函数，具有全面积孔选择性钝化触点的p型Si太阳能电池的PCE达到创纪录的23.67%。这项工作强调了低温制造高效硅和硅/钙钛矿串联太阳能电池的有机基载流子选择性钝化触点的潜力和优势。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental research and molecular dynamics simulation of composite phase change materials based on functionalized carbon nanotubes/epoxy resin/n-docosane 基于功能化碳纳米管/环氧树脂/正十二糖烷复合相变材料的实验研究及分子动力学模拟

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114088

Baowen Fu , Minming Zou , Wenxing Luo , Guangyu Zhu , Jue Wang , Chao Qiang , Jinghui Fan , Wenjing Chen , Yan Ma , Xiongxin Jiang , Qinglin Li , Yinshui He , Xiaowu Hu

This study introduces a novel composite phase change material (PCM) system that integrates multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their functionalized derivatives with n-docosane (ND) in an epoxy resin (EP) matrix, aiming to address thermal management challenges in electronic and solar energy storage applications. System characterization revealed that the optimized EP/ND/carboxyl-functionalized MWCNT (CMWCNT) composite achieved outstanding thermal performance metrics, including a high phase change enthalpy of 124.8 J/g and a significantly enhanced thermal conductivity of 0.379 W/m·K—a 62 % improvement over pure ND. Meanwhile, the EP/ND/MWCNT composite exhibited the highest light absorbance. The four distinct MWCNT variants played a crucial role in preventing leakage by forming a three-dimensional network. Through advanced molecular dynamics simulations, we elucidated the microscopic mechanisms by which MWCNTs and their functionalized derivatives influence ND. Comparative analysis demonstrated that CMWCNT formed the most hydrogen bonds with EP, resulting in the highest thermal conductivity, whereas the EP/ND/MWCNT composite exhibited the highest binding energy. Under simulated microprocessor operating conditions, this composite demonstrated superior thermal buffering capability compared to conventional PCMs, consistently maintaining temperatures within a safe range in chip-level simulations. Additionally, owing to the incorporation of MWCNTs and their functionalized derivatives, the material also displayed exceptional photothermal conversion performance. These findings establish fundamental structure-property relationships between the surface chemistry of nanofillers and thermal transport dynamics in polymer-based PCM composites, providing a material design paradigm for developing high-efficiency thermal management solutions in energy-intensive applications.

本研究介绍了一种新型复合相变材料（PCM）系统，该系统将多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）及其功能化衍生物与正十二烷（ND）在环氧树脂（EP）基体中集成，旨在解决电子和太阳能储能应用中的热管理挑战。系统表征表明，优化后的EP/ND/羧基功能化MWCNT （CMWCNT）复合材料具有出色的热性能指标，其中相变焓高达124.8 J/g，导热系数显著提高至0.379 W/m·k，比纯ND提高了62%。同时，EP/ND/MWCNT复合材料的吸光度最高。四种不同的MWCNT变体通过形成三维网络在防止泄漏方面发挥了至关重要的作用。通过先进的分子动力学模拟，我们阐明了MWCNTs及其功能化衍生物影响ND的微观机制。对比分析表明，CMWCNT与EP形成的氢键最多，导热系数最高，而EP/ND/MWCNT复合材料的结合能最高。在模拟的微处理器操作条件下，与传统的pcm相比，该复合材料显示出优越的热缓冲能力，在芯片级模拟中始终将温度保持在安全范围内。此外，由于MWCNTs及其功能化衍生物的掺入，该材料还显示出优异的光热转换性能。这些发现建立了纳米填料的表面化学性质与聚合物基PCM复合材料的热传递动力学之间的基本结构-性能关系，为能源密集型应用中开发高效热管理解决方案提供了材料设计范例。

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引用次数: 0

Defect passivation in SnO2 quantum dot electron transport layers through ethanolamine incorporation for efficient and scalable perovskite solar cells 乙醇胺掺入对高效可扩展钙钛矿太阳能电池中SnO2量子点电子传输层的缺陷钝化

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114082

Vasan Yarangsi , Kritsada Hongsith , Suparoek Yarin , Siripatsorn Thanasanvorakun , Wakul Bumrungsan , Sukrit Sucharitakul , Surachet Phadungdhitidhada , Supab Choopun

Defect passivation of the electron-transporting layer (ETL) is an effective strategy to suppress charge recombination, mitigate trap states, and minimize physical defects at the ETL–perovskite interface. In this study, ethanolamine (MEA) was utilized as an incorporation for both the synthesis and defect passivation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO₂ quantum dot (SnO₂ QD) ETL, enabling device efficient upscaling. We report a facile synthesis approach that simultaneously achieves interfacial defect passivation of SnO₂ QDs through MEA incorporation. The resulting SnO₂ QDs, with an average size of ∼3 nm, are uniformly dispersed in aqueous solution with excellent stability. The hydroxyl and amine groups of MEA effectively passivate the defect states in both the SnO₂ ETL and the perovskite layer. Upon optimization of the MEA concentration, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of SnO₂ QD-based PSCs increased to 20.28 % from 18.24 % for devices based on SnO₂ nanocrystals (SnO₂ NCs). This efficiency enhancement is attributed to the combined effect of interface and defect passivation. Detailed investigations further confirm the contribution of MEA in defect passivation in PSCs, indicating highly efficient electron extraction and charge recombination suppression. Furthermore, SnO₂ QD-based PSCs exhibited excellent stability, retaining performance after 1000 h of dark storage at 30 % RH without encapsulation. For devices with an active area of 1 cm², a PCE of 15.22 % was achieved, corresponding to a 19.97 % efficiency drop. Overall, this combined strategy of defect passivation and controlled synthesis provides a promising pathway to simultaneously enhance ETL quality and interface engineering, thereby enabling the realization of high-performance PSCs.

电子传递层（ETL）的缺陷钝化是抑制电荷复合、减轻陷阱状态和最小化ETL -钙钛矿界面物理缺陷的有效策略。在本研究中，乙醇胺（MEA）被用作基于SnO2量子点（SnO2 QD） ETL的钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）的合成和缺陷钝化的结合物，实现了器件的高效升级。我们报道了一种简单的合成方法，通过MEA的结合同时实现了SnO2量子点的界面缺陷钝化。所得的SnO2量子点平均尺寸为~ 3nm，在水溶液中均匀分散，具有优异的稳定性。MEA的羟基和胺基能有效钝化SnO2 ETL和钙钛矿层中的缺陷态。优化MEA浓度后，基于SnO2纳米晶（SnO2 NCs）的器件的功率转换效率（PCE）从18.24%提高到20.28%。这种效率的提高是界面钝化和缺陷钝化共同作用的结果。详细的研究进一步证实了MEA对psc缺陷钝化的贡献，表明其具有高效的电子提取和电荷重组抑制作用。此外，基于SnO2量子点的PSCs表现出优异的稳定性，在30% RH的暗存储1000小时后保持性能。对于有源面积为1 cm2的器件，实现了15.22%的PCE，对应于19.97%的效率下降。总的来说，这种缺陷钝化和受控合成相结合的策略为同时提高ETL质量和界面工程提供了一条有前途的途径，从而实现高性能psc。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced impurity removal and silicon recovery from DWSSP using a BaO-BaCl2 refining system 利用BaO-BaCl2精炼系统增强DWSSP的杂质去除和硅回收

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114089

Jinsong Tai , Shicong Yang , Kuixian Wei , Wenhui Ma , Jianqiang Zhang

Due to the wide variety and significant differences in the physicochemical properties of impurities in diamond wire saw silicon powder (DWSSP), there is currently a lack of versatile processes capable of efficiently removing key impurities such as SiO₂, Fe, Ni, Al, Ti, and B simultaneously. To address this, a synergistic refining method combining slagging by BaO and chlorination by BaCl₂ was proposed. Thermodynamic calculations indicated that BaO can react with SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and B₂O₃, while Cl⁻ from BaCl₂ can chlorinate Fe²⁺ and Ni²⁺ into volatile FeCl₂ and NiCl₂. Experiments systematically investigated the effect of BaO dosage on SiO₂ removal, barium silicate phase formation, and silicon recovery. BaCl₂ was added to enhance impurity removal. The results showed that when the mass ratio of DWSSP: BaO: BaCl₂ was 100 : 12.96: 20, and heat treatment was conducted at 1573 K for 1 h followed by 1923 K for 3 h, the silicon recovery rate reached 95.25 %, while the removal efficiencies of Fe, Ti, Ni, Al, and B were 96 %, 86 %, 90 %, 65 %, and 83 %, respectively. The overall impurity removal efficiency was 92 %. Furthermore, experiments on DWSSP from different sources consistently confirmed the effectiveness and broad applicability of the BaO-BaCl₂ refining process. The BaO-BaCl₂ refining method demonstrated excellent versatility and promising potential for efficient silicon recovery and simultaneous multi-impurity removal. Overall, this work offers a sustainable refining strategy for the treatment and high-value recovery of DWSSP, promoting resource circularity in the silicon industry.

由于金刚石线锯硅粉（DWSSP）中杂质的物理化学性质种类繁多且差异显著，目前缺乏能够同时有效去除SiO2、Fe、Ni、Al、Ti和B等关键杂质的通用工艺。为了解决这一问题，提出了一种BaO结渣与BaCl2氯化相结合的协同精制方法。热力学计算表明，BaO能与SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2和B2O3发生反应，而BaCl2中的Cl−则能将Fe2+和Ni2+氯化生成易挥发的FeCl2和NiCl2。实验系统地考察了BaO用量对SiO2去除、硅酸钡相形成和硅回收率的影响。加入BaCl2以增强杂质的去除。结果表明，当DWSSP: BaO: BaCl2的质量比为100:12.96:20，在1573 K下热处理1 h，再在1923 K下热处理3 h时，硅的回收率可达95.25%，Fe、Ti、Ni、Al和B的去除率分别为96%、86%、90%、65%和83%。总体除杂效率为92%。此外，来自不同来源的DWSSP实验一致证实了BaO-BaCl2精炼工艺的有效性和广泛适用性。BaO-BaCl2精炼方法具有良好的通用性，具有高效硅回收和同时去除多杂质的潜力。总的来说，这项工作为DWSSP的处理和高价值回收提供了一个可持续的精炼策略，促进了硅工业的资源循环。

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引用次数: 0

In situ polymerization-assisted grain growth of Sb2(S,Se)3 on Cd-free TiO2 for efficient solar cells Sb2(S,Se)3在无cd TiO2上的原位聚合辅助晶粒生长

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114083

Mengzhu Li, Yanqing Wang, Zhiping Fang, Dongchen Guo, Min Fan, Hui Dai, Fuling Guo, Wangchao Chen, Chengwu Shi, Peng Cui

Antimony selenosulfide (Sb₂(S,Se)₃) demonstrates strong potential for thin-film solar cells owing to its tunable bandgap, low toxicity, and high stability. However, conventional fabrication methods often yield films with small grain sizes and random orientations, which hinder device performance. Herein, an in situ polymerization-assisted grain growth (iPAGG) strategy was developed, specifically enabling the oriented growth of Sb₂(S,Se)₃ on Cd-free TiO₂ substrates, by introducing acrylic acid (AA) into the chemical bath deposition process. The carboxylate groups from AA coordinate with Sb³⁺ ions, promoting oriented growth of Sb₂(S,Se)₃ film. This approach yields films with enlarged grains, reduced defect densities, and strengthened [hk1] preferred orientation. As a result, Cd-free Sb₂(S,Se)₃ solar cells employing the optimized AA concentration yielded a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.24%, outperforming the control device (6.70%). Further interfacial modification with poly (acrylic acid)-modified SnO₂ boosts the PCE to 7.55%. This work offers an effective way toward the fabrication of high-performance and environmentally friendly Sb₂(S,Se)₃ photovoltaics.

硒化硫化锑（Sb2(S,Se)3）具有可调的带隙、低毒性和高稳定性，在薄膜太阳能电池中具有很强的潜力。然而，传统的制造方法往往产生小晶粒尺寸和随机取向的薄膜，这阻碍了器件的性能。本文开发了一种原位聚合辅助晶粒生长（iPAGG）策略，通过在化学浴沉积过程中引入丙烯酸（AA），使Sb2(S,Se)3在无cd的TiO2衬底上定向生长。AA中的羧酸基与Sb3+离子配位，促进了Sb2(S,Se)3薄膜的定向生长。这种方法产生的薄膜晶粒增大，缺陷密度降低，并增强了[hk1]择优取向。结果表明，采用优化AA浓度的无cd Sb2(S,Se)3太阳能电池的功率转换效率（PCE）为7.24%，优于控制装置（6.70%）。进一步用聚丙烯酸改性SnO2进行界面改性，PCE提高到7.55%。这项工作为制造高性能和环保的Sb2(S,Se)3光伏电池提供了一条有效的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing light-to-thermal conversion performance of flexible EPDM/GNPs/PW phase change composites via salt-assisted EG exfoliation 通过盐辅助EG剥离提高柔性EPDM/GNPs/PW相变复合材料的光热转换性能

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114080

Zhanjin Shi , Zhigang Liu , Bingqing Quan , Han Yan , Mengjie Sheng , Chuanbiao Zhu , Xiangyu Yan , Xinpeng Hu , Xiang Lu , Jinping Qu

The development of high-efficiency energy conversion and storage systems for stable and controllable solar energy utilization remains a major challenge. Organic phase change materials (PCMs), such as paraffin wax (PW), show promise in addressing this issue but are limited by leakage problems, inadequate flexibility, and low light absorption efficiency. To address these challenges, this study develops a scalable, salt-assisted roll-to-roll processing strategy to fabricate flexible phase change composites (PCCs) with excellent light absorption capability and effective encapsulation of PW. This strategy employs a synergistic mechanical force and salt template interactions to simultaneously exfoliate expanded graphite (EG) and orient the resulting nanoplatelets in-plane. The resulting EPDM/GNPs/PW PCCs exhibit a densely packed, aligned architecture of graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs), which significantly enhances the light-absorption area and markedly increases the light absorption efficiency from 39.9% to 93.7%. Moreover, the incorporation of GNPs as a reinforcing phase, which also provides an anchoring effect on the PW, contributes to a tensile strength of 4.8 MPa, an elongation at break of 1108.1%, and an initial latent heat of 106.4 J/g. Remarkably, the composites retain a latent heat (ΔH_m) exceeding 100 J/g after 500 thermal cycles, demonstrating exceptional durability. Consequently, this work offers a cost-effective and scalable strategy for fabricating highly flexible PCCs with efficient light-thermal conversion, holding promise for advancing solar energy applications.

开发高效的能量转换和存储系统以实现稳定可控的太阳能利用仍然是一个重大挑战。有机相变材料（PCMs），如石蜡（PW），有望解决这一问题，但受到泄漏问题、灵活性不足和低光吸收效率的限制。为了解决这些挑战，本研究开发了一种可扩展的盐辅助卷对卷加工策略，以制造具有优异光吸收能力和有效封装PW的柔性相变复合材料（PCCs）。该策略利用协同机械力和盐模板相互作用，同时剥离膨胀石墨（EG），并使生成的纳米薄片在平面内定向。制备的EPDM/GNPs/PW PCCs具有致密排列的石墨纳米片（GNPs）结构，显著提高了光吸收面积，光吸收效率从39.9%提高到93.7%。此外，GNPs作为增强相的加入对PW具有锚定作用，其抗拉强度为4.8 MPa，断裂伸长率为1108.1%，初始潜热为106.4 J/g。值得注意的是，经过500次热循环后，复合材料的潜热（ΔHm）保持超过100 J/g，表现出卓越的耐久性。因此，这项工作为制造具有高效光热转换的高柔性PCCs提供了一种具有成本效益和可扩展的策略，有望推进太阳能应用。

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