Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献_第3页

Mitigating parasitic optical losses in bifacial TOPCon solar cells through localized thinning of polysilicon 通过多晶硅局部减薄来减轻双面TOPCon太阳能电池的寄生光损耗

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114147

Yalun Cai , Shuo Deng , Jialiang Huang , Zicheng Wang , Yuhao Cheng , Jialin Cong , Tang Qiao , Geng Zhang , Jian Song , Feng Li , Zhuo Xu , Ning Song

The parasitic absorption in the poly-Si layer on the rear side of a bifacial tunnel oxide passivated contacts (TOPCon) cell can compromise the short-circuit current density (J_SC) and cell efficiency. In this work, we demonstrate a local thinning (LT) approach on the polysilicon (poly-Si) layer in TOPCon cells to mitigate parasitic absorption. The LT approach is achieved by combining laser and alkaline etching. The 355 nm ultraviolet picosecond (UV-ps) pulsed laser introduces a 4 nm surface silicon oxide (SiO_X) which functions as an etch barrier in the subsequent alkaline etching. Consequently, lasered regions in the poly-Si layer can maintain a thickness of 110 nm while regions without laser treatment are thinned to about 30 nm. This local thinning process can suppress parasitic absorption while preserving excellent passivation. The laser also amorphizes the first 30 nm of the poly-Si into a-Si, which recrystallizes into poly-Si in later firing step with an increased doping concentration from 2E20 to 7E20 cm⁻³. Experimental J–V measurements show an increase in J_SC by 0.13 mA/cm², a V_OC gain of 1.9 mV, and an absolute efficiency gain of 0.12 % under one-sun illumination. Device-level simulations with Quokka3 further predict the efficiency gain of TOPCon cells incorporating this LT process under idealized contact and passivation conditions. These results highlight that the LT-TOPCon approach can effectively suppress rear-side parasitic absorption while maintaining passivation quality, offering a practical route to boost the efficiency of next-generation bifacial silicon solar cells.

双面隧道氧化物钝化触点（TOPCon）电池背面多晶硅层的寄生吸收会影响电池的短路电流密度（JSC）和效率。在这项工作中，我们展示了TOPCon电池中多晶硅（poly-Si）层的局部减薄（LT）方法，以减轻寄生吸收。LT方法是通过激光和碱性蚀刻相结合来实现的。355nm的紫外皮秒（UV-ps）脉冲激光器引入了4nm的表面氧化硅（SiOX），在随后的碱性蚀刻中起蚀刻屏障的作用。因此，多晶硅层中的激光区域可以保持110 nm的厚度，而未经激光处理的区域则减薄至约30 nm。这种局部减薄过程可以抑制寄生吸收，同时保持良好的钝化效果。当掺杂浓度从2E20 cm−3增加到7E20 cm−3时，多晶硅在前30 nm处非晶化成a-Si，在后续的发射步骤中再结晶成多晶硅。实验J-V测量表明，在单太阳照射下，JSC增加了0.13 mA/cm2， VOC增益为1.9 mV，绝对效率增益为0.12%。利用Quokka3进行的器件级模拟进一步预测了采用该LT工艺的TOPCon电池在理想接触和钝化条件下的效率增益。这些结果表明，LT-TOPCon方法可以有效地抑制后侧寄生吸收，同时保持钝化质量，为提高下一代双面硅太阳能电池的效率提供了一条实用的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and performance study of NaCl-Na2SO4-basalt composite solid heat storage material based on industrial waste salt 基于工业废盐的nacl - na2so4 -玄武岩复合固体储热材料的制备及性能研究

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114142

Haoyue Liu , Liangchen Suo , Yuanwei Lu , Jingdan Mei , Tong Niu , Zhenze Xu , Han Yang

To address the significant accumulation of industrial waste salt and to promote advancements in energy structure optimization, this study presents a novel composite solid sensible heat storage material composed of NaCl and Na₂SO₄, enhanced by the incorporation of basalt. The material was prepared using a cold pressing-hot sintering process. The optimal additive amount and granularity of basalt were analyzed through evaluations of mechanical strength and thermal physical properties, supplemented by microstructural and compositional analyses. The results indicate that, under specific conditions, the incorporation of basalt can further improve the thermal properties or mechanical strength of the material; however, this enhancement is not stable. This instability may be attributed to the bonding density between the basalt and the material, as well as the porosity within the material. Weak bonding may also result in reduced thermal conductivity. This research broadens the potential for developing cost-effective heat storage materials and confirms the efficacy of basalt particles in enhancing the mechanical strength and thermophysical properties of salt-based solid heat storage materials.

为解决工业废盐大量积累的问题，促进能源结构优化的进展，本研究提出了一种新型的由NaCl和Na2SO4组成的复合固体显热材料，并通过玄武岩的掺入进行强化。该材料采用冷压-热烧结工艺制备。通过力学强度和热物理性能评价，结合显微组织和成分分析，分析了玄武岩的最佳添加量和粒度。结果表明，在特定条件下，玄武岩的掺入可进一步提高材料的热性能或机械强度；然而，这种增强并不稳定。这种不稳定性可归因于玄武岩和材料之间的结合密度，以及材料内部的孔隙率。弱粘合也可能导致导热性降低。该研究拓宽了开发具有成本效益的储热材料的潜力，并证实了玄武岩颗粒在提高盐基固体储热材料的机械强度和热物理性能方面的功效。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient 3D Solar Evaporator for water-cleaning/seawater-desalination made with Loofah coated with graphite recycled from alkaline/spent batteries 高效的3D太阳能蒸发器，用于水清洗/海水淡化，由丝瓜络制成，涂有从碱性/废电池回收的石墨

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114150

E. Valadez-Renteria , E. Monroy-Sandoval , L.M. Prieto-Zuleta , A.C. Hernandez-Arteaga , V. Rodriguez-Gonzalez , J. Oliva

Solar steam generation (SSG) devices are a promising alternative for producing fresh water from seawater and polluted matrices. This study evaluates graphite recycled from spent lithium (CLB) and alkaline carbon-zinc batteries (CZB) for their application as photothermal materials in evaporation processes. A 3D loofah sponge served as the structural support for the fabricated steam evaporators, which were coated with graphite recycled from alkaline/lithium batteries. The evaporator coated with CZB achieved an evaporation rate of 2.22 kg/m²h, while the evaporator coated CLB reached the higher evaporation rate of 2.4 kg/m²h under natural sunlight exposition. The most efficient solar evaporators were successfully tested for the purification of tap water contaminated with the recalcitrant pollutants (20 ppm) ambroxol (ABX) and glyphosate (GYL). Absorbance analysis of the evaporated water confirmed the complete purification of tap water, that is, the complete elimination of ABX and GYL from the water. The superior performance of solar evaporator made with CLB over that made with CZB is attributed to three main factors: i) enhanced optical absorbance in the visible region, ii) higher hydrophilicity and iii) higher content of defect, which facilitates the heat localization and minimizes the thermal loss. Overall, this study confirms that utilizing recycled graphite from batteries for SSG applications is a feasible strategy for developing high-performance devices capable of water desalination/cleaning.

太阳能蒸汽发生器（SSG）装置是一种很有前途的从海水和污染基质中生产淡水的替代方案。本研究评估了从废锂电池（CLB）和碱性碳锌电池（CZB）中回收的石墨在蒸发过程中作为光热材料的应用。3D丝瓜海绵作为蒸汽蒸发器的结构支撑，蒸发器表面涂有从碱性/锂电池中回收的石墨。包覆CZB蒸发器的蒸发速率为2.22 kg/m2h，而包覆CLB蒸发器在自然光照下的蒸发速率更高，为2.4 kg/m2h。对最有效的太阳能蒸发器进行了成功的测试，用于净化被顽固性污染物（20 ppm）氨溴索（ABX）和草甘膦（GYL）污染的自来水。蒸发水的吸光度分析证实了自来水的完全净化，即从水中完全消除了ABX和GYL。CLB制造的太阳能蒸发器性能优于CZB的主要原因有三个：1)可见光区的光学吸光度增强；2)亲水性更高；3)缺陷含量更高，有利于热的局部化，使热损失最小化。总的来说，这项研究证实，利用从电池中回收的石墨用于SSG应用是开发能够脱盐/清洁水的高性能设备的可行策略。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis and prediction of dust deposition characteristics of small linear Fresnel reflector mirror field 小线性菲涅耳反射镜场粉尘沉积特性分析与预测

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114145

Xiaoyan Zhao , Jialin Guo , Rong Cheng , Junhu Hu , Yahui Wang , Shengjie Wang , Zhiguo Shi , Xiang Yu

To investigate the dust deposition characteristics of the mirror array in the complex linear Fresnel reflector system, a geometric model of a small linear Fresnel reflector array was constructed. The dust deposition characteristics of the reflector array and its influencing factors were studied by numerical simulation. The study shows that when the wind speed is 2–15 m/s, the front row of the mirror array shows a high dust deposition, and the overall mirror field exhibits a double-cycle fluctuation trend, characterized by an initial decrease followed by an increase, then another decline, and a subsequent rise. When the wind direction angle shifts from 0° to 90°, the deposition trajectory changes, and the dust density of each mirror becomes uniform. In the dust particle size range of 17 μm–250 μm, the deposition of dust particle size of 150 μm–250 μm is significantly higher than that of particles with sized 17 μm–50 μm. Furthermore, when the humidity increased from 10 % to 70 %, the deposition rate of 17 μm particles increased by 0.22 %, the deposition rate of mixed particle size increased by 0.11 %, and the deposition rate of 250 μm particles only increased by 0.02 %. Finally, the function model that conforms to the actual particle size distribution is used to characterize the particle size distribution of mirror dust by the Rosin-Rammler method. Meanwhile, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the neural network to predict the dust deposition law of the mirror.

为了研究复杂线性菲涅耳反射系统中反射镜阵列的粉尘沉积特性，建立了小型线性菲涅耳反射镜阵列的几何模型。通过数值模拟研究了反射阵列的粉尘沉积特性及其影响因素。研究表明，当风速为2 ~ 15 m/s时，镜面阵前排降尘量较大，整体镜面场呈现先减小后增大、再减小后增大的双循环波动趋势。当风向角从0°变化到90°时，沉积轨迹发生变化，各反射镜粉尘密度趋于均匀。在17 μm - 250 μm的粉尘粒径范围内，150 μm - 250 μm的粉尘沉积量显著高于17 μm - 50 μm的粉尘沉积量。此外，当湿度从10%增加到70%时，17 μm颗粒的沉积速率增加了0.22%，混合粒径的沉积速率增加了0.11%，250 μm颗粒的沉积速率仅增加了0.02%。最后，利用符合实际粒径分布的函数模型，采用Rosin-Rammler方法表征镜面粉尘粒径分布。同时，利用遗传算法对神经网络进行优化，预测镜面粉尘沉积规律。

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引用次数: 0

γ-Fe2O3:Co3O4 coated cellulose sponges as interfacial solar absorbers for efficient photothermal evaporation and desalination γ-Fe2O3:Co3O4包覆纤维素海绵作为高效光热蒸发和脱盐的界面太阳能吸收剂

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114114

Mississippi M. Bhunia , Santhra Krishnan , Sreeram K. Kalpathy

Interfacial solar absorbers (ISAs) used for photothermal (PT) desalination typically consist of a PT material and a substrate. Several ISA materials are limited by their optical absorption and thermal losses, as well as substrate pore blockage due to salt accumulation. For example, despite being highly transparent to infrared (IR) radiation, pure Co₃O₄ has restrictions as a PT material due to its high thermal conductivity and emissivity. In contrast, γ-Fe₂O₃, despite low thermal conductivity and emissivity, is often underestimated in its potential as a PT material due to not being transparent to IR radiation. This work attempts to synergize the merits of both materials by developing an ISA with wide absorption window and reduced thermal losses. For this purpose, nanoparticle blends of γ-Fe₂O₃ and Co₃O₄ were deposited on a cellulose-based sponge substrate, and used as an ISA. At an optimum particle loading ratio of 1:1, and upon using saline water with 3.5 wt% NaCl as the test liquid, a PT conversion efficiency of ∼77 % and evaporation mass flux of

\sim

1.2 kg/m²/h was obtained under simulated solar radiation of 1 sun. These values are respectively ∼11 % and 45 % higher compared to when Co₃O₄ and γ-Fe₂O₃ are used individually. Furthermore, fluctuations in evaporation rates were found to be considerably lesser during 50 cycles of reuse. The water collected post desalination had significantly lesser Na⁺, Mg⁺², and K⁺ ions. Besides, the negligible salt accumulation within the pores of the substrate even with saline water containing

\sim

10 wt% NaCl signifies excellent anti-fouling property of the ISA.

用于光热（PT）脱盐的界面太阳能吸收器（isa）通常由PT材料和衬底组成。一些ISA材料受限于它们的光吸收和热损失，以及由于盐积累导致的衬底孔隙堵塞。例如，尽管对红外（IR）辐射具有高透明度，但纯Co3O4作为PT材料由于其高导热性和发射率而受到限制。相比之下，γ-Fe2O3尽管导热性和发射率低，但由于对红外辐射不透明，其作为PT材料的潜力往往被低估。这项工作试图通过开发具有宽吸收窗口和减少热损失的ISA来协同两种材料的优点。为此，将γ-Fe2O3和Co3O4的纳米颗粒共混物沉积在纤维素基海绵基质上，并用作ISA。在最佳颗粒加载比为1:1的条件下，以含3.5 wt% NaCl的盐水为试验液，在1个太阳的模拟太阳辐射下，PT转化效率为~ 77%，蒸发质量通量为~ 1.2 kg/m2/h。与单独使用Co3O4和γ-Fe2O3相比，这些值分别高出~ 11%和45%。此外，发现在50个重复使用周期内，蒸发率的波动要小得多。海水淡化后收集的水中Na+、Mg+2和K+离子含量显著降低。此外，即使在含有~ 10 wt% NaCl的盐水中，基质孔隙内的盐积累也可以忽略不计，这表明ISA具有优异的防污性能。

{"title":"γ-Fe2O3:Co3O4 coated cellulose sponges as interfacial solar absorbers for efficient photothermal evaporation and desalination","authors":"Mississippi M. Bhunia , Santhra Krishnan , Sreeram K. Kalpathy","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interfacial solar absorbers (ISAs) used for photothermal (PT) desalination typically consist of a PT material and a substrate. Several ISA materials are limited by their optical absorption and thermal losses, as well as substrate pore blockage due to salt accumulation. For example, despite being highly transparent to infrared (IR) radiation, pure Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> has restrictions as a PT material due to its high thermal conductivity and emissivity. In contrast, γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, despite low thermal conductivity and emissivity, is often underestimated in its potential as a PT material due to not being transparent to IR radiation. This work attempts to synergize the merits of both materials by developing an ISA with wide absorption window and reduced thermal losses. For this purpose, nanoparticle blends of γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were deposited on a cellulose-based sponge substrate, and used as an ISA. At an optimum particle loading ratio of 1:1, and upon using saline water with 3.5 wt% NaCl as the test liquid, a PT conversion efficiency of ∼77 % and evaporation mass flux of <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span>1.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>/h was obtained under simulated solar radiation of 1 sun. These values are respectively ∼11 % and 45 % higher compared to when Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> are used individually. Furthermore, fluctuations in evaporation rates were found to be considerably lesser during 50 cycles of reuse. The water collected post desalination had significantly lesser Na<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup> ions. Besides, the negligible salt accumulation within the pores of the substrate even with saline water containing <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span> 10 wt% NaCl signifies excellent anti-fouling property of the ISA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 114114"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Janus-architected triboelectric nanogenerators with dual-mode environmental energy adaptation for sustainable power generation 具有双模环境能量适应的双面结构摩擦电纳米发电机，用于可持续发电

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114144

Zi-Qi Lv , Jia-Qi Lang , Qi Liu, Ming-Guo Ma

Thin films with radiative cooling/heating capabilities offer a green and highly efficient solution for personal thermal comfort across diverse climatic scenarios. Notably, integrating radiative cooling technology with triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can further enhance the thermal radiative properties of films. This synergistic innovation not only stabilizes core body temperature, but also provides revolutionary energy solutions for wearable devices and the Internet of Things. In this study, we report a Janus-structured multifunctional cellulose acetate (CA)@SiO₂/MXene composite film, comprising a CA@SiO₂ synergistic cooling layer (6.0 °C reduction) and an MXene adjustable photo-thermal layer. The composite film functions as an energy-harvesting device, with the CA@SiO₂/MXene-based TENG delivering open-circuit voltage of 55 V, short-circuit current of 4.2 μA, and short-circuit transferred charge of 20 nC. By simply flipping the film, energy management and utilization can be achieved across varying temperature environments. When connected to an external power source, the composite film demonstrates Joule heating performance (up to 120 °C). Additionally, it exhibits an average solar reflectance of 90.3 % and an infrared emissivity of 96.8 %. The composite film integrating thermal management, radiative cooling, and TENG, provides promising applications in energy management, wearable electronics, and environmental fields.

具有辐射冷却/加热功能的薄膜为不同气候情景下的个人热舒适提供了绿色高效的解决方案。值得注意的是，将辐射冷却技术与摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）相结合，可以进一步提高薄膜的热辐射性能。这种协同创新不仅稳定了核心体温，还为可穿戴设备和物联网提供了革命性的能源解决方案。在这项研究中，我们报道了一种双面结构的多功能醋酸纤维素（CA）@SiO2/MXene复合膜，包括CA@SiO2协同冷却层（6.0°C还原）和MXene可调节光热层。该复合薄膜作为能量收集装置，CA@SiO2/ mxene基TENG的开路电压为55 V，短路电流为4.2 μA，短路转移电荷为20 nC。通过简单地翻转薄膜，能量管理和利用可以在不同的温度环境中实现。当连接到外部电源时，复合薄膜显示焦耳加热性能（高达120°C）。此外，它的平均太阳反射率为90.3%，红外发射率为96.8%。该复合薄膜集热管理、辐射冷却和TENG于一体，在能源管理、可穿戴电子产品和环境领域具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Our recent approaches for Si tandem solar cell modules for solar-powered vehicles 我们最近为太阳能汽车设计的硅串联太阳能电池模块

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114138

Masafumi Yamaguchi , Kyotaro Nakamura , Ryo Ozaki , Nobuaki Kojima , Yoshio Ohshita , Tatsuya Takamoto , Hiroyuki Juso , Yasuyuki Ota , Kenji Araki , Kensuke Nishioka , Shinya Iwasaki , Takashi Nakado , Takashi Mabuchi , Kenichi Okumura

Solar-powered electric vehicle (Solar-EV) applications are very attractive for CO₂ emission reduction and creation of new market. The Si tandem solar cells are very promising as VIPV (vehicle integrated photovoltaic) modules because of high-efficiency and low-cost potential. This paper presents our recent results for new world record efficiency (33.7 %) mechanically stacked 4-terminal InGaP/GaAs/Si 3-junction tandem solar cell module with an area of 775 cm². This paper also presents loss analytical results for losses of various solar cell modules and estimation of solar-EV installed with various solar cell modules such as III-V/Si 3-junction, perovskite/Si 2-junction tandem cell modules, Si, GaAs, CdTe, and perovskite single-junction solar cell modules. Under average solar irradiation with 4 kWh/m^2/day, solar-EV installed with our 3-junction Si tandem solar cell modules have longer driving range potential of about 28 km/day compared to 25.4 km/day, 21.6 km/day and 15.9 km/day for solar-EV installed with perovskite/Si 2-junction, Si and perovskite single-junction solar cell modules. Regarding perovskite and perovskite/Si tandem solar cell modules, development of high-efficiency, highly reliable and large-area modules is suggested to be essential for vehicle applications. In this paper, thermal degradation rates for perovskite and perovskite/Si tandem solar cell modules were compared with those of Si, III-V multi-junction and III-V/Si tandem solar cell modules.

太阳能电动汽车（Solar-EV）的应用对减少二氧化碳排放和创造新市场非常有吸引力。硅串联太阳能电池因其高效率和低成本的潜力，在车用集成光伏组件领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了我们最近在775 cm2面积的4端InGaP/GaAs/Si 3结串联太阳能电池组件上取得的新的世界纪录效率（33.7%）。本文还介绍了各种太阳能电池组件的损耗分析结果，以及安装各种太阳能电池组件（如III-V/Si 3结、钙钛矿/Si 2结串联电池组件、Si、GaAs、CdTe和钙钛矿单结太阳能电池组件）的太阳能电动汽车的损耗估计。在平均太阳辐射为4 kWh/m2/day的情况下，与钙钛矿/Si 2结、Si和钙钛矿单结太阳能电池组件相比，安装我们的3结硅串联太阳能电池组件的太阳能电动汽车的行驶里程约为28公里/天，而安装钙钛矿/Si 2结、Si和钙钛矿单结太阳能电池组件的太阳能电动汽车的行驶里程分别为25.4公里/天、21.6公里/天和15.9公里/天。对于钙钛矿和钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池组件，建议开发高效、高可靠和大面积的组件，以满足汽车应用的需要。本文比较了钙钛矿和钙钛矿/Si串联太阳能电池组件与Si、III-V多结和III-V/Si串联太阳能电池组件的热降解率。

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引用次数: 0

Atomic-scale insights into UV-induced degradation in silicon heterojunction solar cells: The role of phosphorus-doped hydrogenated silicon oxycarbide layers 紫外诱导的硅异质结太阳能电池降解的原子尺度研究：磷掺杂氢化碳化硅层的作用

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114123

X.L. Jiang , X.Y. Chen , J.B. Zhang , Z.N. Zhang , F.L. Liu , L.J. Gou , W.J. Xue , B. Cao , H.P. Yin , J.Y. Jiang , S.L. Yuan , J.N. Ding , Z. Ouyang , M. Green , Q.Q. Wang

Silicon heterojunction (HJT) solar cells are promising for high-efficiency photovoltaics, yet their long-term reliability under ultraviolet (UV) exposure remains a critical challenge. This study reveals the atomic-scale mechanisms behind UV-induced degradation (UVID) in HJT cells, focusing on phosphorus-doped hydrogenated silicon oxycarbide layers. By varying radio-frequency (RF) power density during deposition, we demonstrate that the chemical composition of these layers dictates their UVID behavior. UV irradiation ruptures Si-H_x bonds, which degrades passivation quality but enhances layer conductivity. The competition between these two effects governs cell performance, resulting in an initial rise followed by a subsequent decline in the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE). After 60 kWh/m² of UV exposure, the PCE degradation of HJT cells ranges from 1.2 % to 6 %, depending on the level of carbon and oxygen incorporation controlled by the RF power density. Notably, phosphorus-doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxycarbide (n-a-SiCO:H) layer exhibits superior UV stability compared to nanocrystalline counterparts, attributed to reduced outgassing of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. These findings provide key insights into the design of UV-resistant HJT solar cells by linking material properties to degradation mechanisms, thereby facilitating the development of more durable photovoltaic technologies.

硅异质结（HJT）太阳能电池有望成为高效光伏电池，但其在紫外线（UV）照射下的长期可靠性仍然是一个关键挑战。本研究揭示了HJT细胞中紫外线诱导降解（UVID）的原子尺度机制，重点研究了掺磷氢化碳化硅层。通过在沉积过程中改变射频（RF）功率密度，我们证明了这些层的化学成分决定了它们的UVID行为。紫外线照射破坏了Si-Hx键，降低了钝化质量，但提高了层的导电性。这两种效应之间的竞争决定了电池的性能，导致光伏转换效率（PCE）的初始上升，随后下降。在60 kWh/m2的紫外线照射后，HJT电池的PCE降解范围从1.2%到6%，这取决于由射频功率密度控制的碳和氧结合水平。值得注意的是，与纳米晶相比，掺磷的氢化非晶氧化硅（n-a-SiCO:H）层表现出优越的紫外线稳定性，这归因于氢、碳和氧的脱气减少。这些发现通过将材料特性与降解机制联系起来，为抗紫外线HJT太阳能电池的设计提供了关键见解，从而促进了更耐用的光伏技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic machine learning and DFT driven high-throughput screening strategy for A2BX6-Type inorganic perovskite photovoltaic materials 协同机器学习和DFT驱动的a2bx6型无机钙钛矿光伏材料高通量筛选策略

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114141

Heng Ni , Yuling Han , Yijun Zhang , Xiaodong Yang , Yang Shen

Fully inorganic vacancy-ordered perovskites provide a promising platform for stable and efficient optoelectronic materials. In this work, we propose a discovery strategy integrating machine learning (ML) and density functional theory (DFT) with high-throughput screening, which identifies three photovoltaic candidates from 3822 unexplored A₂BX₆-type perovskites. Using 546 DFT-derived data points, we trained a model to predict the bandgap of A₂BX₆ perovskites, achieving a maximum R² score of 0.92. Concurrently, the same dataset was utilized to develop a formation energy prediction model with a R² of 0.93. By applying both models to 3276 untested compounds alongside high-throughput screening, three perovskites—Cs₂PdIBr_2.5Cl_2.5 (direct bandgap: 1.36 eV), K₂PbBrCl₅ (direct bandgap: 1.57 eV), and Rb₂PdCl₆ (direct bandgap: 1.22 eV)—were selected. These materials demonstrate enhanced thermal stability and desirable optical properties. The ML-DFT hybrid method exhibits high precision, significantly accelerating the screening process for photovoltaic materials.

全无机空位有序钙钛矿为稳定高效的光电材料提供了一个很有前途的平台。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种将机器学习（ML）和密度泛函理论（DFT）与高通量筛选相结合的发现策略，该策略从3822个未开发的a2bx6型钙钛矿中识别出三个光伏候选物。利用546个dft导出的数据点，我们训练了一个预测A2BX6钙钛矿带隙的模型，得到了最大R2分数0.92。同时，利用相同的数据集建立了地层能量预测模型，R2为0.93。通过将这两种模型应用于3276种未测试的化合物并进行高通量筛选，选择了三种钙钛矿- cs2pdibr2.5 cl2.5（直接带隙：1.36 eV）， K2PbBrCl5（直接带隙：1.57 eV）和Rb2PdCl6（直接带隙：1.22 eV）。这些材料表现出增强的热稳定性和理想的光学性能。ML-DFT混合方法具有较高的精度，显著加快了光伏材料的筛选过程。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancement of solar desalination efficiency using nanocoated pebble-based heat storage in pyramid solar stills 金字塔式太阳能蒸馏器纳米包覆卵石储热提高太阳能脱盐效率

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.114128

Parth Gaud, Nirmal Nayak, Vaidik Patel, Ujjwal Patel, Dhruv Patel

Global freshwater scarcity demands sustainable, low-cost desalination technologies capable of operating with renewable energy. This study investigates a Modified Pyramidal Solar Still (MPSS) employing nanocoated pebbles as a high-capacity sensible heat storage medium to enhance freshwater production. Natural pebbles were coated with copper oxide (CuO) using a dip-coating process and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using spray coating, then placed as a thermal layer in a 1 m² pyramid solar still. Experiments were performed over five consecutive days (14–18 June 2025) at Parul University, Vadodara, India (22.288 °N, 73.363 °E). Key operating parameters, including basin water temperature, pebble temperature, glass cover temperature, solar irradiance, wind speed, and hourly freshwater yield, were recorded with a PT100 RTD network, EKO MS80S pyranometer, Lutron AM-4201 anemometer, and Agilent DAQ970A data acquisition system. Results demonstrate a clear performance enhancement relative to the Conventional Pyramidal Solar Still (CPSS). Energy efficiency increased from 19.19 % in the CPSS to 29.55 % with CuO-coated pebbles and 30.50 % with CNT-coated pebbles, while exergy efficiency improved from 1.70 % to 3.80 % and 4.10 %, respectively. Daily freshwater yield rose from 2.8 L/m² for the CPSS to 3.6 L/m² (CuO) and 4.3 L/m² (CNT). These findings confirm that integrating nanocoated pebbles with optimized pyramid geometry is an effective and scalable strategy for improving both the quantity and quality of solar desalination.

全球淡水短缺需要可持续的、低成本的海水淡化技术，这些技术能够使用可再生能源。本研究研究了一种采用纳米包覆卵石作为大容量显热储存介质的改良金字塔型太阳能蒸馏器（MPSS），以提高淡水产量。采用浸涂法在天然鹅卵石上涂上氧化铜（CuO），采用喷涂法在天然鹅卵石上涂上碳纳米管（CNTs），然后将其作为热层放置在1平方米的金字塔太阳能蒸馏器中。实验在印度Vadodara（22.288°N, 73.363°E）的Parul大学连续5天（2025年6月14-18日）进行。通过PT100 RTD网络、EKO MS80S高温仪、Lutron AM-4201风速仪和Agilent DAQ970A数据采集系统记录关键运行参数，包括盆地水温、卵石温度、玻璃盖温度、太阳辐照度、风速和每小时淡水产量。结果表明，与传统的金字塔式太阳蒸馏器（CPSS）相比，该装置的性能有明显提高。CPSS的能量效率从19.19%提高到镀cuo鹅卵石的29.55%和镀cnt鹅卵石的30.50%，而火用效率分别从1.70%提高到3.80%和4.10%。日淡水产量由CPSS组的2.8 L/m2提高到CuO组的3.6 L/m2和CNT组的4.3 L/m2。这些发现证实，将纳米包覆卵石与优化的金字塔几何结构相结合是一种有效且可扩展的策略，可以提高太阳能海水淡化的数量和质量。

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引用次数: 0