Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.04
Ciaran Ó Scea
Abstract:This article sets out to fill in neglected gaps in our scholarly knowledge of the system of erenach and church landholding in Gaelic Ulster (1270-1609). In contrast to previous studies which have concentrated on the legal status of coarbs and erenachs, this study analyses at macro level the functioning of erenachships as economic units, and at a micro level the system as it operated in the medieval lordship of Fermanagh. The result has been to demonstrate that the enfranchisement of nativus septs as erenach septs on church-lands took place as a result of the twelfth-century Reform (1101-72). In the case of Fermanagh, outside of the initial transfer of lands from the monasteries to the erenach septs, most of the church-lands were acquired piecemeal over the course of centuries. Many of the erenach septs were furthermore of outside origin, but became accepted as nativus septs through longterm settlement.
{"title":"Erenachs, erenachships and church landholding in Gaelic Fermanagh, 1270-1609","authors":"Ciaran Ó Scea","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article sets out to fill in neglected gaps in our scholarly knowledge of the system of erenach and church landholding in Gaelic Ulster (1270-1609). In contrast to previous studies which have concentrated on the legal status of coarbs and erenachs, this study analyses at macro level the functioning of erenachships as economic units, and at a micro level the system as it operated in the medieval lordship of Fermanagh. The result has been to demonstrate that the enfranchisement of nativus septs as erenach septs on church-lands took place as a result of the twelfth-century Reform (1101-72). In the case of Fermanagh, outside of the initial transfer of lands from the monasteries to the erenach septs, most of the church-lands were acquired piecemeal over the course of centuries. Many of the erenach septs were furthermore of outside origin, but became accepted as nativus septs through longterm settlement.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82565882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2015.115.10
R. Sexton
Abstract:AbstractThis essay investigates how the treatment of food—its acquisition, preparation and consumption, and in particular how food was cooked—can express differences between social classes in pre-Famine Ireland. It describes culinary cultures that range from the singularly simple to the decidedly flamboyant. Drawing on the evidence of estate papers and manuscript receipt (recipe) collections, this paper illustrates how cookery at the upper echelons of Irish society was sophisticated, refined and closely aligned to the norms of British culinary culture. The paper will also briefly describe the stagnant and debased food culture of the rural poor, most especially in the early decades of the nineteenth century. Between these extremes existed a rural ‘middling’ class for whom food and cookery was varied and imbued with value beyond that dictated by the market. The stratified nature of Irish society suggests the coexistence of a number of food and culinary systems. Questions of how distinct, overlapping and interdependent these systems were deserve investigation. However, of equal concern is the fact that these issues also raise the question as to whether the evidence is substantial enough to frame and support any reliable comparative analysis.
{"title":"Food and culinary cultures in pre-Famine Ireland","authors":"R. Sexton","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2015.115.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2015.115.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:AbstractThis essay investigates how the treatment of food—its acquisition, preparation and consumption, and in particular how food was cooked—can express differences between social classes in pre-Famine Ireland. It describes culinary cultures that range from the singularly simple to the decidedly flamboyant. Drawing on the evidence of estate papers and manuscript receipt (recipe) collections, this paper illustrates how cookery at the upper echelons of Irish society was sophisticated, refined and closely aligned to the norms of British culinary culture. The paper will also briefly describe the stagnant and debased food culture of the rural poor, most especially in the early decades of the nineteenth century. Between these extremes existed a rural ‘middling’ class for whom food and cookery was varied and imbued with value beyond that dictated by the market. The stratified nature of Irish society suggests the coexistence of a number of food and culinary systems. Questions of how distinct, overlapping and interdependent these systems were deserve investigation. However, of equal concern is the fact that these issues also raise the question as to whether the evidence is substantial enough to frame and support any reliable comparative analysis.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79281155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.107
O. Frey
Abstract:All modern studies of early Celtic art begin with the work of Paul Jacobsthal. In the sixty years since his magisterial study, however, there have been many new discoveries and there has been much discussion concerning the deeper meaning of Celtic art. Particularly significant in this regard are the two recently discovered Early La Tène burial mounds on the Glauberg in Hesse in Germany. Not only did these burials yield bronzes of major significance, but a unique, almost life-sized human carving displaying weapons and personal ornaments was also found. The finds from the Glauberg shed much new light on the nature of early Celtic art. The influence of the Estrucans of north Italy is especially evident.
{"title":"A New Approach to Early Celtic Art","authors":"O. Frey","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2004.104.1.107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:All modern studies of early Celtic art begin with the work of Paul Jacobsthal. In the sixty years since his magisterial study, however, there have been many new discoveries and there has been much discussion concerning the deeper meaning of Celtic art. Particularly significant in this regard are the two recently discovered Early La Tène burial mounds on the Glauberg in Hesse in Germany. Not only did these burials yield bronzes of major significance, but a unique, almost life-sized human carving displaying weapons and personal ornaments was also found. The finds from the Glauberg shed much new light on the nature of early Celtic art. The influence of the Estrucans of north Italy is especially evident.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80802881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.147
A. O’Sullivan
Abstract:People have engaged with Ireland's wetland environments since the earliest times, leaving a unique, fragile and valuable archaeological and environmental legacy. A long history of antiquarian and archaeological investigation of Ireland's wet environments has established a good understanding of this archaeological resource, but ongoing industrial development, land reclamation and climate change continues to threaten its integrity. Multidisciplinary approaches, ongoing survey and excavation and a theoretically engaged study of this wetland archaeology will continue to enable us to explore aspects of settlement, travel and ideologies in Ireland's past, fulfilling this archaeology's significant potential for reconstructing the details of past lives and societies, the perceptions and uses of landscapes and the social, economic and ideological roles of material culture across time.
{"title":"Exploring past people's interactions with wetland environments in Ireland","authors":"A. O’Sullivan","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2007.107.147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:People have engaged with Ireland's wetland environments since the earliest times, leaving a unique, fragile and valuable archaeological and environmental legacy. A long history of antiquarian and archaeological investigation of Ireland's wet environments has established a good understanding of this archaeological resource, but ongoing industrial development, land reclamation and climate change continues to threaten its integrity. Multidisciplinary approaches, ongoing survey and excavation and a theoretically engaged study of this wetland archaeology will continue to enable us to explore aspects of settlement, travel and ideologies in Ireland's past, fulfilling this archaeology's significant potential for reconstructing the details of past lives and societies, the perceptions and uses of landscapes and the social, economic and ideological roles of material culture across time.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80990232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.02
A. Kirwan
{"title":"R.L. Edgeworth and optical telegraphy in Ireland, c. 1790–1805","authors":"A. Kirwan","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74079079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/priac.2021.121.10
Barnard
Abstract:Ceramics in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Ireland have generally been approached either through a few short-lived local potteries or as an aspect of luxury. This study seeks to show how between the 1760s and 1840s ceramics were imported into Ireland and sold there in increasing quantities and varieties. It suggests that everyday use and relative cheapness spread ceramics made outside Ireland more widely into Irish homes. It traces the efforts of English manufacturers, mostly from Staffordshire, to exploit the Irish market. At first they concentrated on Dublin, but soon moved into the provinces. Newspaper reports from 1821-23 allow quantification of the shipments. Innovations in technology, design and marketing generated competition between manufacturers and traders. The role of advertising in the newspapers and of display in shops are apparent. The role of women in the trade as retailers is also considered, prompting further questions about the nature of shopkeeping.
{"title":"Hedgehogs in Cavan; Wolfes in Dublin: selling English ceramics in Ireland, c. 1770–1850","authors":"Barnard","doi":"10.3318/priac.2021.121.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/priac.2021.121.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Ceramics in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Ireland have generally been approached either through a few short-lived local potteries or as an aspect of luxury. This study seeks to show how between the 1760s and 1840s ceramics were imported into Ireland and sold there in increasing quantities and varieties. It suggests that everyday use and relative cheapness spread ceramics made outside Ireland more widely into Irish homes. It traces the efforts of English manufacturers, mostly from Staffordshire, to exploit the Irish market. At first they concentrated on Dublin, but soon moved into the provinces. Newspaper reports from 1821-23 allow quantification of the shipments. Innovations in technology, design and marketing generated competition between manufacturers and traders. The role of advertising in the newspapers and of display in shops are apparent. The role of women in the trade as retailers is also considered, prompting further questions about the nature of shopkeeping.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82212035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/priac.2019.119.07
Tracy Collins
Abstract:This project provides new insights into the chronology and character of St Catherine's, Shanagolden, the best-preserved later medieval nunnery in Ireland. Fieldwork comprised a survey of the ruins followed by two seasons of excavation. Trenches were excavated in the cloister, refectory, kitchen and inside and outside the church. Archaeological evidence for the construction and use of the nunnery was found along with a small assemblage of artefacts. There was a change of layout during the main construction phase and a pre-existing structure was apparently repurposed. The cloister garth was not used for burial and was delimited by a stone wall. Burials of women, children and men, dating from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century, were found in the church, ambulatories and outside the church. It is proposed that the west doorway of the church was originally intended as the chapter-house doorway. It is argued that the fifteenth-century 'Black Hag's Cell', previously interpreted as a sacristy, was an anchorhold.
{"title":"Unveiling female monasticism in later medieval Ireland: survey and excavation at St Catherine's, Shanagolden, Co. Limerick","authors":"Tracy Collins","doi":"10.3318/priac.2019.119.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/priac.2019.119.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This project provides new insights into the chronology and character of St Catherine's, Shanagolden, the best-preserved later medieval nunnery in Ireland. Fieldwork comprised a survey of the ruins followed by two seasons of excavation. Trenches were excavated in the cloister, refectory, kitchen and inside and outside the church. Archaeological evidence for the construction and use of the nunnery was found along with a small assemblage of artefacts. There was a change of layout during the main construction phase and a pre-existing structure was apparently repurposed. The cloister garth was not used for burial and was delimited by a stone wall. Burials of women, children and men, dating from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century, were found in the church, ambulatories and outside the church. It is proposed that the west doorway of the church was originally intended as the chapter-house doorway. It is argued that the fifteenth-century 'Black Hag's Cell', previously interpreted as a sacristy, was an anchorhold.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84217712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.67
Mary E. McMahon, B. Collins, L. Buckley, Vincent Butler
Abstract:This report describes the results of a limited archaeological excavation carried out between October and December 1993 in advance of the construction of a local authority housing scheme on the east side of Bride Street, Dublın. The excavatıon revealed five phases of actıvity. The evidence for phase I consisted of a spread of refuse and two rubbish pits, followed by an attempt at levelling up the ground by the deposition of sterile clays, the final layer of which provided a fairly level compact surface over most of the site. On the new ground the remains of a rectangular-shaped structure together with a hearth were excavated, which related to a second phase of domestic activity. The evidence from later deposits indicates a date between the eighth and tenth centuries for the settlement activity associated with both these phases. Phase III saw the beginning of a division in land use between the east and the west of the site. Burials occurring in the east of the site, which post-dated the earlier settlement, may mark the western extent of a graveyard associated with the church of St Michael le Pole. After the graveyard went out of use in the eleventh or twelfth century, the evidence suggests that this eastern side of the site was being used for agricultural or horticultural purposes durıng phases IV and V. To the west, heavy, silty clays were clearly not cultivated, but industrial activity, including copperworking and ironworking, predominated in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Assocıated features included a hearth with a channel or chute, possibly a run-off for molten metal, and pit furnaces.
{"title":"Early Medieval Settlement and Burial outside the Enclosed Town: Evidence from Archaeological Excavations at Bride Street, Dublin","authors":"Mary E. McMahon, B. Collins, L. Buckley, Vincent Butler","doi":"10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIC.2002.102.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This report describes the results of a limited archaeological excavation carried out between October and December 1993 in advance of the construction of a local authority housing scheme on the east side of Bride Street, Dublın. The excavatıon revealed five phases of actıvity. The evidence for phase I consisted of a spread of refuse and two rubbish pits, followed by an attempt at levelling up the ground by the deposition of sterile clays, the final layer of which provided a fairly level compact surface over most of the site. On the new ground the remains of a rectangular-shaped structure together with a hearth were excavated, which related to a second phase of domestic activity. The evidence from later deposits indicates a date between the eighth and tenth centuries for the settlement activity associated with both these phases. Phase III saw the beginning of a division in land use between the east and the west of the site. Burials occurring in the east of the site, which post-dated the earlier settlement, may mark the western extent of a graveyard associated with the church of St Michael le Pole. After the graveyard went out of use in the eleventh or twelfth century, the evidence suggests that this eastern side of the site was being used for agricultural or horticultural purposes durıng phases IV and V. To the west, heavy, silty clays were clearly not cultivated, but industrial activity, including copperworking and ironworking, predominated in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Assocıated features included a hearth with a channel or chute, possibly a run-off for molten metal, and pit furnaces.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79264388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.05
Steffi Hamann
Abstract:The Irish saint Fursa (d. 649) is renowned for his visions of the otherworld, transmitted in a near-contemporary Vita. He also appears in the Irish martyrologies and genealogies, the latter attributing to him a variety of pedigrees on his father's as well as his mother's side. This paper aims to show that by combining evidence from different types of sources; biographies, genealogies (Corpis genealogiarum Sanctorum Hiberniae and Corpus genealogiarum Hiberniae), martyrologies (Félire Óengusso, Martyrology of Donegal and Martyrology of Cashel), and several Irish saints' Lives, it is possible to single out the most probable strand of tradition for the saint's origins. As it turns out, Fursa's differing genealogical affiliations mirror the subsequent shifts in political and ecclesiastical developments in Irish medieval history. Viewed from this perspective, the genealogies can supply valuable source material necessary for a biographical approach to a personality of the early Middle Ages.
{"title":"St Fursa, the genealogy of an Irish saint—the historical person and his cult","authors":"Steffi Hamann","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2011.112.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Irish saint Fursa (d. 649) is renowned for his visions of the otherworld, transmitted in a near-contemporary Vita. He also appears in the Irish martyrologies and genealogies, the latter attributing to him a variety of pedigrees on his father's as well as his mother's side. This paper aims to show that by combining evidence from different types of sources; biographies, genealogies (Corpis genealogiarum Sanctorum Hiberniae and Corpus genealogiarum Hiberniae), martyrologies (Félire Óengusso, Martyrology of Donegal and Martyrology of Cashel), and several Irish saints' Lives, it is possible to single out the most probable strand of tradition for the saint's origins. As it turns out, Fursa's differing genealogical affiliations mirror the subsequent shifts in political and ecclesiastical developments in Irish medieval history. Viewed from this perspective, the genealogies can supply valuable source material necessary for a biographical approach to a personality of the early Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76962467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.07
L. Harney
Abstract:The conversion of the Irish people to Christianity can be viewed as one of the defining aspects of the early medieval period. Over the years, the artistic, architectural and scholarly achievements of the church have enjoyed a very privileged position within early medieval Irish studies. Despite this, relatively few scholars, until very recently, have considered how the Irish were converted to Christianity. What types of pagan ritual complexes, burial grounds and royal settlements existed in the conversion era? Were these sites deliberately eschewed (due to their pagan connotations) or appropriated by missionaries for symbolic or practical reasons? How did ancient pagan rituals impact upon the nature of early Irish Christian practices and what was the character of ecclesiastical settlements in the fifth and sixth centuries in a landscape still dominated by paganism? These questions are addressed here using historical, toponymic and newly emerging archaeological evidence.
{"title":"Christianising pagan worlds in conversion-era Ireland: archaeological evidence for the origins of Irish ecclesiastical sites","authors":"L. Harney","doi":"10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/PRIAC.2017.117.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The conversion of the Irish people to Christianity can be viewed as one of the defining aspects of the early medieval period. Over the years, the artistic, architectural and scholarly achievements of the church have enjoyed a very privileged position within early medieval Irish studies. Despite this, relatively few scholars, until very recently, have considered how the Irish were converted to Christianity. What types of pagan ritual complexes, burial grounds and royal settlements existed in the conversion era? Were these sites deliberately eschewed (due to their pagan connotations) or appropriated by missionaries for symbolic or practical reasons? How did ancient pagan rituals impact upon the nature of early Irish Christian practices and what was the character of ecclesiastical settlements in the fifth and sixth centuries in a landscape still dominated by paganism? These questions are addressed here using historical, toponymic and newly emerging archaeological evidence.","PeriodicalId":43075,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY SECTION C-ARCHAEOLOGY CELTIC STUDIES HISTORY LINGUISTICS LITERATURE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82564897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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