Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.47
Lele Zhou, Hyang-sook Lee
Air cargo throughput has played an important role in the contribution of total national commerce volume and regional GDP, by the expansion of the global economy. Previous studies have identified the critical significance of air freight in national or international economic growth. Various models, including linear regression and time-series models, have been applied to analyze and predict the factors influencing air cargo volumes and the trends for future development. However, many models are implemented as a single methodology, but a few studies reviewed and mixed explanatory and predictive models at the same time. Therefore, three mainly used methodologies of MLR (multiple linear regression), PCA (principal component analysis), and ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average model) are chosen for this paper to compare and analyze the air cargo throughput of one Asia’s representative airport, Shanghai Pudong Airport (PVG). The results of the explanatory model shows that GDP, population, oil consumption, and exchange rate are regarded as the four most important variables influencing PVG air cargo volumes. The outcomes of regressive predictive model presents that MLR-PCA has a better performance than MLR, while in ARIMA predictors, the ARIMA (p:12, d:0, q:0) is shown to have a superior predictive fit than the ARIMA (p:1, d:0, q:0). By comparing different methodologies, this paper contributes to the industry’s study of the variables affecting air cargo and the future improvement of air cargo throughput forecasting capabilities.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Explanatory and Predictive Models in Air Cargo Throughput","authors":"Lele Zhou, Hyang-sook Lee","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.47","url":null,"abstract":"Air cargo throughput has played an important role in the contribution of total national commerce volume and regional GDP, by the expansion of the global economy. Previous studies have identified the critical significance of air freight in national or international economic growth. Various models, including linear regression and time-series models, have been applied to analyze and predict the factors influencing air cargo volumes and the trends for future development. However, many models are implemented as a single methodology, but a few studies reviewed and mixed explanatory and predictive models at the same time. Therefore, three mainly used methodologies of MLR (multiple linear regression), PCA (principal component analysis), and ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average model) are chosen for this paper to compare and analyze the air cargo throughput of one Asia’s representative airport, Shanghai Pudong Airport (PVG). The results of the explanatory model shows that GDP, population, oil consumption, and exchange rate are regarded as the four most important variables influencing PVG air cargo volumes. The outcomes of regressive predictive model presents that MLR-PCA has a better performance than MLR, while in ARIMA predictors, the ARIMA (p:12, d:0, q:0) is shown to have a superior predictive fit than the ARIMA (p:1, d:0, q:0). By comparing different methodologies, this paper contributes to the industry’s study of the variables affecting air cargo and the future improvement of air cargo throughput forecasting capabilities.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127411259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.11
Chang-bong Kim, Dong-jun Lee
In recent decades, export trends have rapidly changed. As building long-term relationships with clients, the preference for payment is changing from documentary credit transactions to remittances. Accordingly, an extensive study on credit risk assessment on Open Account (from now on O/A) from the perspective of exporters is essential to reduce credit risk. The purpose of our study is to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of O/A and credit risk management performance mediated by the level of risk. In addition, the moderated mediating effect of the overseas trading period on the relationship will be analyzed. Our research model and hypothesis were designed through an in-depth interview with a person in charge of practical affairs and previous literature. The target of the survey is shippers who perform general forms of exports through forwarders or shipping companies in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. In order to secure objectivity of the questionnaire responses, simple random sampling was used with the list of members such as the Korea International Trade Association (KITA), Certified Trading Company, and Korea Certified Customs Attorneys Association. The analysis results are as follows: First, the characteristics of O/A had a positive effect on the level of risk. These results are consistent with the book by Harlaar & de Leeuw (2020). Considering that O/A is a deal on credit, it should be possible to increase the level of risk awareness through pre-negotiations. Second, the level of risk had a positive effect on credit risk management performance. These results are consistent with those of Niepmann & Schmidt-Eisenlohr (2017), Lee Jung-sun, and Huh Eun-sook (2021). In other words, the greater the recognition of risk, the lower the likelihood of credit risk. Third, the characteristics of O/A had a positive effect on credit risk management performance. This finding is consistent with those in the book of Lin (2022). In O/A, the exporter’s withdrawal of payment often depends only on the importer’s credit. Therefore, using appropriate insurance for each transaction can have a significant positive effect on credit risk management performance. Fourth, in the relationship between the characteristics of O/A and the level of risk, the overseas trading period had a significant moderated mediation effect. Our findings show that the longer the overseas transaction period, the lower the level of risk recognition due to accumulated transaction experience. This study is different from the study of Han Woo-jung and Cho Hyuk-soo (2019) in that trade experience and trading period are designed as moderating variables rather than independent variables.
近几十年来，出口趋势发生了迅速变化。随着与客户建立长期关系，付款方式正从跟单信用证交易转向汇款。因此，从出口商的角度对开放账户(从现在开始)的信用风险评估进行广泛的研究对于降低信用风险至关重要。本文的研究目的是分析风险水平介导的信用风险管理绩效与O/A特征之间的关系。此外，还将分析海外交易周期对关系的调节中介作用。我们的研究模型和假设是通过对实际事务负责人的深度访谈和之前的文献来设计的。此次调查的对象是在汉城、京畿、仁川等地通过代理公司或海运公司进行一般形式出口的货主。为了确保问卷调查结果的客观性，以韩国贸易协会、认证贸易公司、韩国海关认证律师协会等会员为对象，进行了简单的随机抽样。分析结果如下:第一，O/A特征对风险水平有正向影响。这些结果与Harlaar & de Leeuw(2020)的书一致。考虑到O/A是一种信用交易，应该可以通过预先谈判来提高风险意识水平。第二，风险水平对信用风险管理绩效有正向影响。这与Niepmann & Schmidt-Eisenlohr(2017)、Lee Jung-sun、Huh Eun-sook(2021)等人的研究结果一致。换句话说，对风险的认识程度越高，信用风险发生的可能性就越低。第三，O/A特征对信用风险管理绩效有正向影响。这一发现与Lin(2022)的书中一致。在O/A中，出口商的提款往往只取决于进口商的信用。因此，为每笔交易使用适当的保险可以对信用风险管理绩效产生显著的积极影响。第四，在O/A特征与风险水平的关系中，海外交易期具有显著的调节中介作用。研究发现，海外交易时间越长，因交易经验积累而产生的风险认知水平越低。与Han Woo-jung和Cho Hyuk-soo(2019)的研究不同，该研究将贸易经验和交易周期设计为调节变量，而不是自变量。
{"title":"A Study on the Export Characteristics of Open Account Transactions and the Minimization of Credit Risk by Changes in Distribution & Logistics Environment: The Partial Role of Bank's Financial Platform","authors":"Chang-bong Kim, Dong-jun Lee","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, export trends have rapidly changed. As building long-term relationships with clients, the preference for payment is changing from documentary credit transactions to remittances. Accordingly, an extensive study on credit risk assessment on Open Account (from now on O/A) from the perspective of exporters is essential to reduce credit risk. The purpose of our study is to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of O/A and credit risk management performance mediated by the level of risk. In addition, the moderated mediating effect of the overseas trading period on the relationship will be analyzed. \u0000Our research model and hypothesis were designed through an in-depth interview with a person in charge of practical affairs and previous literature. The target of the survey is shippers who perform general forms of exports through forwarders or shipping companies in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. In order to secure objectivity of the questionnaire responses, simple random sampling was used with the list of members such as the Korea International Trade Association (KITA), Certified Trading Company, and Korea Certified Customs Attorneys Association. The analysis results are as follows: First, the characteristics of O/A had a positive effect on the level of risk. These results are consistent with the book by Harlaar & de Leeuw (2020). Considering that O/A is a deal on credit, it should be possible to increase the level of risk awareness through pre-negotiations. Second, the level of risk had a positive effect on credit risk management performance. These results are consistent with those of Niepmann & Schmidt-Eisenlohr (2017), Lee Jung-sun, and Huh Eun-sook (2021). In other words, the greater the recognition of risk, the lower the likelihood of credit risk. Third, the characteristics of O/A had a positive effect on credit risk management performance. \u0000This finding is consistent with those in the book of Lin (2022). In O/A, the exporter’s withdrawal of payment often depends only on the importer’s credit. Therefore, using appropriate insurance for each transaction can have a significant positive effect on credit risk management performance. Fourth, in the relationship between the characteristics of O/A and the level of risk, the overseas trading period had a significant moderated mediation effect. \u0000Our findings show that the longer the overseas transaction period, the lower the level of risk recognition due to accumulated transaction experience. This study is different from the study of Han Woo-jung and Cho Hyuk-soo (2019) in that trade experience and trading period are designed as moderating variables rather than independent variables.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132893516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.29
Woon-Gon Kim, Hee-young Cho, N. Park
This study was conducted for consumers who use the complex shopping mall. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the customer experience of a complex shopping mall affects customer engagement and relationship continuity intention. As an attribute to measure customer experience, it consists of four factors: educational experience, aesthetic experience, entertainment experience, and escapism experience. A research model was designed. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting consumers in their 20s to 40s living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do who had experience of using complex shopping malls. 467 copies of the collected valid samples were used for empirical analysis. For data analysis, Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. The empirical analysis results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that factors such as educational experience, aesthetic experience, entertainment experience, and escapism experience among the customer experiences of the complex shopping mall had a positive effect on the conscious participation of customer engagement. Second, it was found that factors such as aesthetic experience and escapism experience among customer experiences of complex shopping malls had a positive effect on the passion of customer engagement. Third, it was found that all factors of the customer experience of the complex shopping mall had a positive effect on the social interaction of customer engagement. Fourth, it was found that conscious participation, passion, and social interaction factors of customer engagement in complex shopping malls all had a positive effect on relationship continuity intention. Therefore, it can be said that the hypothesis presented in this study has been sufficiently proven.
{"title":"The Effect of Customer Experience on Customer Engagement and Relationship Continuity Intention: Focusing on Complex Shopping Malls","authors":"Woon-Gon Kim, Hee-young Cho, N. Park","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.4.29","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted for consumers who use the complex shopping mall. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the customer experience of a complex shopping mall affects customer engagement and relationship continuity intention. As an attribute to measure customer experience, it consists of four factors: educational experience, aesthetic experience, entertainment experience, and escapism experience. A research model was designed. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting consumers in their 20s to 40s living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do who had experience of using complex shopping malls. 467 copies of the collected valid samples were used for empirical analysis. For data analysis, Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. The empirical analysis results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that factors such as educational experience, aesthetic experience, entertainment experience, and escapism experience among the customer experiences of the complex shopping mall had a positive effect on the conscious participation of customer engagement. Second, it was found that factors such as aesthetic experience and escapism experience among customer experiences of complex shopping malls had a positive effect on the passion of customer engagement. Third, it was found that all factors of the customer experience of the complex shopping mall had a positive effect on the social interaction of customer engagement. Fourth, it was found that conscious participation, passion, and social interaction factors of customer engagement in complex shopping malls all had a positive effect on relationship continuity intention. Therefore, it can be said that the hypothesis presented in this study has been sufficiently proven.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130011064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.43
Hee‐Jung Lee, Jin-Hee Ma
Influencer marketing has been considered the adaptive strategy in COVID-19 pandemic, largely driven by the widespread use of social media marketing to increase effectively customer base. It is highly resonant and authentic ways to overcome severe time-space constraints of traditional marketing and deliver immediate returns. Influencers-individuals have been becoming vital intermediaries, helping to connect brands with consumers on social media. Especially virtual influencers effectively strengthen cross-functions of social media(aims to generate online leads) and e-commerce(aims to generate clicks). With COVID-19 still raging worldwide, virtual influencers are not subject to any physical restrictions. Furthermore, they are AI generated characters that mimic humans-the features and personalities and controlled entirely by a brand. That is why they remain an important marketing tool. This study aims to develop effective virtual influencer marketing strategy by segmenting consumer markets, which are depending on customers’behavior and attitude toward the virtual influencer, ‘Rozy’. A total of 204 questionaaires were used in this analysis. In the basis on factor analysis of Rozy’s leverage, it can be measured by two factors, namely attractiveness and trustworthiness. Respondents were divided into three groups based on the degree to which Rozy is perceived as attractive or trust. First group is consisted of respondents who evaluate highly Rozy as being a attractive and credible influencer. Second group considers her just as having the quality that attracts people. Last group doesn’t think that Rozy is an alluring and trustworthy influencer. Each group has significantly differences at a degree to the use of social media and continuous usage intention of social media
{"title":"Virtual Influencer ‘ROZY’; Is the Attitude Towards ‘her’ Same for Everybody? - Segmentation Approach Based on Virtual Model Attitudes","authors":"Hee‐Jung Lee, Jin-Hee Ma","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.43","url":null,"abstract":"Influencer marketing has been considered the adaptive strategy in COVID-19 pandemic, largely driven by the widespread use of social media marketing to increase effectively customer base. It is highly resonant and authentic ways to overcome severe time-space constraints of traditional marketing and deliver immediate returns. Influencers-individuals have been becoming vital intermediaries, helping to connect brands with consumers on social media. Especially virtual influencers effectively strengthen cross-functions of social media(aims to generate online leads) and e-commerce(aims to generate clicks). With COVID-19 still raging worldwide, virtual influencers are not subject to any physical restrictions. Furthermore, they are AI generated characters that mimic humans-the features and personalities and controlled entirely by a brand. That is why they remain an important marketing tool. This study aims to develop effective virtual influencer marketing strategy by segmenting consumer markets, which are depending on customers’behavior and attitude toward the virtual influencer, ‘Rozy’. A total of 204 questionaaires were used in this analysis. In the basis on factor analysis of Rozy’s leverage, it can be measured by two factors, namely attractiveness and trustworthiness. Respondents were divided into three groups based on the degree to which Rozy is perceived as attractive or trust. First group is consisted of respondents who evaluate highly Rozy as being a attractive and credible influencer. Second group considers her just as having the quality that attracts people. Last group doesn’t think that Rozy is an alluring and trustworthy influencer. Each group has significantly differences at a degree to the use of social media and continuous usage intention of social media","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125023415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.89
Jin-Hee Park
Due to the recently changed environment, the demand for logistics is increasing, and in particular, the proportion of life logistics services is increasing. Logistics facilities with various functions are needed to support these demands and services. However, since there is a limit to the expansion of logistics facilities, it is necessary to change the thinking to diversify the use of existing or new facilities by breaking away from the rigid supply mind. Based on this necessity, the researcher presented ideas to diversify the use of industrial complex. For this purpose, I estimated the demand for collection-delivery logistics for the Southeast of Korea, which can be said that the sphere of influence of direct demand, for A industrial complex in Busan, which has good accessibility. In addition, in order to understand the actual demand for A industrial complex, a survey was conducted on the intention to move in related companies. Based on the results, the types and sizes of the industries desired to move in compared to the demand were presented. demand for the Southeast of Korea, which is expanding into the Megacity, is expected to increase continuously. And in a situation where there is a limit to expansion of logistics facilities. So the results of this study can be used as basic data for policy establishment that can embrace new demand for existing or new related facilities. In particular, it can be said that it has contributed to the diversification of industries that can support life logistics services.
{"title":"A Study on Ways to Diversify the Use of Industrial Complexes for the Logistics Demand of Collection-Delivery in the Southeast of Korea: For A Industrial Complex in Busan","authors":"Jin-Hee Park","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.89","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the recently changed environment, the demand for logistics is increasing, and in particular, the proportion of life logistics services is increasing. Logistics facilities with various functions are needed to support these demands and services. However, since there is a limit to the expansion of logistics facilities, it is necessary to change the thinking to diversify the use of existing or new facilities by breaking away from the rigid supply mind. Based on this necessity, the researcher presented ideas to diversify the use of industrial complex. \u0000For this purpose, I estimated the demand for collection-delivery logistics for the Southeast of Korea, which can be said that the sphere of influence of direct demand, for A industrial complex in Busan, which has good accessibility. In addition, in order to understand the actual demand for A industrial complex, a survey was conducted on the intention to move in related companies. Based on the results, the types and sizes of the industries desired to move in compared to the demand were presented. demand for the Southeast of Korea, which is expanding into the Megacity, is expected to increase continuously. And in a situation where there is a limit to expansion of logistics facilities. So the results of this study can be used as basic data for policy establishment that can embrace new demand for existing or new related facilities. In particular, it can be said that it has contributed to the diversification of industries that can support life logistics services.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131499839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.29
Mungyo Oh, Young-Min Kim, Namgoong Yoon
Despite the rapid increase in big data information due to the quantitative growth of the T-commerce industry and the diversity of channels, this study extracted morpheme-based keywords from big data analysis on T-commerce-related articles in the past 21 years. As a result of the study, T-commerce’s growth process could be largely divided into three stages: preparation, introduction, and growth. It was confirmed that it was divided into three clusters in the preparation period: ‘information provision’, ‘diversity’, and ‘business propulsion’, three clusters in the introduction period: ‘activity’, ‘convenience’, and ‘reliability’, and four clusters in the growth period: ‘usefulness’, ‘convenience’, ‘economy’, and ‘reliability’. In practice, it suggests that marketing capabilities should be focused on improving the usefulness and convenience of high word concentration among the four clusters of usefulness, convenience, economy, and reliability formed in CONCOR analysis.
{"title":"A Semantic Network Analysis of T-commerce Industry: Focused on Media Data","authors":"Mungyo Oh, Young-Min Kim, Namgoong Yoon","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.29","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the rapid increase in big data information due to the quantitative growth of the T-commerce industry and the diversity of channels, this study extracted morpheme-based keywords from big data analysis on T-commerce-related articles in the past 21 years. As a result of the study, T-commerce’s growth process could be largely divided into three stages: preparation, introduction, and growth. It was confirmed that it was divided into three clusters in the preparation period: ‘information provision’, ‘diversity’, and ‘business propulsion’, three clusters in the introduction period: ‘activity’, ‘convenience’, and ‘reliability’, and four clusters in the growth period: ‘usefulness’, ‘convenience’, ‘economy’, and ‘reliability’. In practice, it suggests that marketing capabilities should be focused on improving the usefulness and convenience of high word concentration among the four clusters of usefulness, convenience, economy, and reliability formed in CONCOR analysis.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130263911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.105
B. Kim, Gwan-Soon Han
As life in Seoul is diverse, environmental problem is caused in various ways. Food waste is generated at each stage of the food production, distribution, and consumption system. In this research, we analyze the factors(temperature, humidity, precipitation, etc.) of food waste caused by climate change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of increase or decrease in the amount of food waste led to the change of weather, to predict the amount of future generation, and then to examine collection, transportation and treatment directions of food waste in Seoul as climate change. In terms of logistics, this study contributed to the establishment of a circular economy society by suggesting a more efficient collection and transport of food waste and a rational treatment direction than previous studies on food waste treatment facilities, treatment methods, or policies. In order to realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), waste must be reduced by more than half by 2030. I hope this study would be utilized so as to meet the needs of this era.
{"title":"Analysis of Factors Caused by Changes in the Weather of Food waste in Seoul and Efficient Disposal Direction","authors":"B. Kim, Gwan-Soon Han","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.105","url":null,"abstract":"As life in Seoul is diverse, environmental problem is caused in various ways. Food waste is generated at each stage of the food production, distribution, and consumption system. In this research, we analyze the factors(temperature, humidity, precipitation, etc.) of food waste caused by climate change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of increase or decrease in the amount of food waste led to the change of weather, to predict the amount of future generation, and then to examine collection, transportation and treatment directions of food waste in Seoul as climate change. In terms of logistics, this study contributed to the establishment of a circular economy society by suggesting a more efficient collection and transport of food waste and a rational treatment direction than previous studies on food waste treatment facilities, treatment methods, or policies. In order to realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), waste must be reduced by more than half by 2030. I hope this study would be utilized so as to meet the needs of this era.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128489011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.67
Cho Kim, Sang-Chan Park
The development speed of the loading and unloading automation is accelerating due to such initiators as the prevailing 4th industrial revolution technologies, the expansion of e-commerce, and the increase in logistics volumes inevitably by the advent of the corona era. The logistic-object classification evolves along with the computer vision as a core technology for the automatic loading and unloading. As a practical example, ‘Empticon Ⅱ’ of the ‘Roblog’ project identifies the location of the coffee bean sack to be transported. The 3D camera is used for photographing the sack and analyzing it through the computer vision technology. Tremendous amounts of data training efforts were required in advance to make the object detection function better. This method, however, has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to learn and utilize all the objects of various sizes and textures in advance because the object detection performance is proportional to the amount of objects learned in advance. Most of the objects handled are boxes. To prevent damage from using the unloading robot, logistics safety labels are attached to the box. This study aims to make a model that can control automatic loading and unloading robots by recognizing and classifying logistics safety labels attached to boxes of various sizes. To train the machine learning model, the most common logistics safety labels attached to the box or printed need to be obtained as training examples. Unfortunately, there was no such dataset being distributed as an open source, so the authors built a dataset by themselves. A classifier using the ensemble model was created. In order to increase the efficiency of the classifier, the characteristics of the logistics safety labels were extracted through a convolutional network and used as training and test data. As a result, we observed the performance of the ensemble classifier having Precision 0.9675, Recall 0.9575, and F1-score 0.9625. In addition, in order to solve the problem of performance degradation of the classifier depending on the background in which the box is photographed, a pipeline was designed to detect only the box without background and caution signs.
{"title":"Recognition of Logistics Safety Labels Using Convolutional Neural Network and Machine Learning","authors":"Cho Kim, Sang-Chan Park","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.67","url":null,"abstract":"The development speed of the loading and unloading automation is accelerating due to such initiators as the prevailing 4th industrial revolution technologies, the expansion of e-commerce, and the increase in logistics volumes inevitably by the advent of the corona era. The logistic-object classification evolves along with the computer vision as a core technology for the automatic loading and unloading. As a practical example, ‘Empticon Ⅱ’ of the ‘Roblog’ project identifies the location of the coffee bean sack to be transported. The 3D camera is used for photographing the sack and analyzing it through the computer vision technology. Tremendous amounts of data training efforts were required in advance to make the object detection function better. This method, however, has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to learn and utilize all the objects of various sizes and textures in advance because the object detection performance is proportional to the amount of objects learned in advance. Most of the objects handled are boxes. To prevent damage from using the unloading robot, logistics safety labels are attached to the box. This study aims to make a model that can control automatic loading and unloading robots by recognizing and classifying logistics safety labels attached to boxes of various sizes. To train the machine learning model, the most common logistics safety labels attached to the box or printed need to be obtained as training examples. Unfortunately, there was no such dataset being distributed as an open source, so the authors built a dataset by themselves. A classifier using the ensemble model was created. In order to increase the efficiency of the classifier, the characteristics of the logistics safety labels were extracted through a convolutional network and used as training and test data. As a result, we observed the performance of the ensemble classifier having Precision 0.9675, Recall 0.9575, and F1-score 0.9625. In addition, in order to solve the problem of performance degradation of the classifier depending on the background in which the box is photographed, a pipeline was designed to detect only the box without background and caution signs.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127997922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.57
C. Park
The main aim of the study is to show how existing innovation studies have helped in the widespread of information needed to give better improvement for Korea’s national innovation system (NIS). Korea was selected as the study’s backdrop since it is very successful nations in building a NIS. We chose various papers published in two major innovation journals (the Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society (J-KOTIS) and the Journal of Technology Innovation (JTI)) in Korea and assessed the essential subjects of these articles from the viewpoint of NIS research using a systematic review technique. Overall, We discovered that this study aided in the establishment of a knowledge foundation required for the growth of the NIS in Korea. The finding showed that the focus of the research worked from designing the NIS to implementing it for a long time. The industrial areas that sectoral innovation systems (SIS) were given attention to changing with Korea’s economic progress all the time as a subsystem of the NIS. This research adds to the sector of innovation studies by providing a complete picture of findings from NIS studies in Korea’s innovation literature, as well as a theoretical framework for organizing it. The NIS has been regarded as a useful instrument for comparing and measuring creative performance and economic outcomes, and this work adds to our understanding of it.
这项研究的主要目的是展示现有的创新研究如何帮助传播必要的信息，以更好地改进韩国的国家创新系统(NIS)。之所以选择韩国作为研究对象，是因为韩国是建设国家情报系统非常成功的国家。我们选择了发表在韩国两大创新期刊(Journal of Korea Technology innovation Society (J-KOTIS)和Journal of Technology innovation (JTI))上的各种论文，并使用系统回顾技术从NIS研究的角度评估了这些文章的基本主题。总的来说，我们发现这项研究有助于建立国家情报院在韩国发展所需的知识基础。研究结果表明，从NIS的设计到实施，研究的重点在很长一段时间内发挥了作用。作为国家情报院的一个分系统，一直关注的产业领域随着韩国经济的发展而变化。本研究通过提供韩国创新文献中NIS研究结果的完整图景，以及组织创新研究的理论框架，增加了创新研究领域。NIS一直被认为是比较和衡量创造性表现和经济成果的有用工具，这项工作增加了我们对它的理解。
{"title":"A Study on the Utilization of Existing Innovation Information to the Improvement of Korea’s National Innovation System (NIS)","authors":"C. Park","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.57","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the study is to show how existing innovation studies have helped in the widespread of information needed to give better improvement for Korea’s national innovation system (NIS). Korea was selected as the study’s backdrop since it is very successful nations in building a NIS. We chose various papers published in two major innovation journals (the Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society (J-KOTIS) and the Journal of Technology Innovation (JTI)) in Korea and assessed the essential subjects of these articles from the viewpoint of NIS research using a systematic review technique. Overall, We discovered that this study aided in the establishment of a knowledge foundation required for the growth of the NIS in Korea. The finding showed that the focus of the research worked from designing the NIS to implementing it for a long time. The industrial areas that sectoral innovation systems (SIS) were given attention to changing with Korea’s economic progress all the time as a subsystem of the NIS. This research adds to the sector of innovation studies by providing a complete picture of findings from NIS studies in Korea’s innovation literature, as well as a theoretical framework for organizing it. The NIS has been regarded as a useful instrument for comparing and measuring creative performance and economic outcomes, and this work adds to our understanding of it.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122018388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.1
Tae-Il Kim, Sung‐Hwa Park
This study analyzed the ship investment behavior of Korean liners before the bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping in 2017 by dividing them into investment in new ships and charter ships. In the case of newbuilding investment, the ship investment behavior of global liners was measured in the boom period of 2003-2008 (6 years), the recession period of 2009-2014 (6 years), the recent 2015-2016 (2 years), the low newbuilding priced period, and the high newbuilding priced period. 2006-2007 (2 years) were analyzed. In the case of charter investment, the charter investment behavior of global liner companies for 10 years from 2007 to 2016 was analyzed and compared with major global shipping companies. As a result of the analysis, it was evaluated that Hanjin Shipping and Hyundai Merchant Marine (currently HMM) showed lower performance compared to global liner companies in terms of investment in new shipbuilding and charter ships, as they placed orders during the period of high ship prices and high charter rates, and the proportion of long-term chartered ships was high. This investment behavior affected Hanjin Shipping’s bankruptcy, and it is estimated that it acted as a financial burden on Hyundai Merchant Marine. It is expected that this study will provide useful information in terms of timing and strategy for ship investment by shipping companies in the future, and it is expected that it will have a great potential for use in establishing government policies.
{"title":"Empirical Study on Ship Investment Behavior Analysis of Liner Shipping Companies","authors":"Tae-Il Kim, Sung‐Hwa Park","doi":"10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2022.32.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the ship investment behavior of Korean liners before the bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping in 2017 by dividing them into investment in new ships and charter ships. In the case of newbuilding investment, the ship investment behavior of global liners was measured in the boom period of 2003-2008 (6 years), the recession period of 2009-2014 (6 years), the recent 2015-2016 (2 years), the low newbuilding priced period, and the high newbuilding priced period. 2006-2007 (2 years) were analyzed. In the case of charter investment, the charter investment behavior of global liner companies for 10 years from 2007 to 2016 was analyzed and compared with major global shipping companies. As a result of the analysis, it was evaluated that Hanjin Shipping and Hyundai Merchant Marine (currently HMM) showed lower performance compared to global liner companies in terms of investment in new shipbuilding and charter ships, as they placed orders during the period of high ship prices and high charter rates, and the proportion of long-term chartered ships was high. This investment behavior affected Hanjin Shipping’s bankruptcy, and it is estimated that it acted as a financial burden on Hyundai Merchant Marine. It is expected that this study will provide useful information in terms of timing and strategy for ship investment by shipping companies in the future, and it is expected that it will have a great potential for use in establishing government policies.","PeriodicalId":430866,"journal":{"name":"Korean Logistics Research Association","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123540230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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