Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-109-121
Ágoston Pál Sándor
The article is devoted to the description of the work and the research of text generators generate longer texts with a minimum input of primary information. The research is interdisciplinary of NLP and carried out at the intersection of Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics. The emergence of the growth of web-based textual information has significantly accelerated the development of some scientific fields that have existed for many decades, but in the absence of much access to input data, they have not developed as rapidly as in the past two decades. There have been several promising ideas and experiments in this field for the automatic processing of natural language texts, which have already been implemented in many of the systems used, including many commercial systems. In my research, I try to better understand and compare existing CL applications and their operation in each topic. However, specific applications fall into one topic, with little or no difference in their area of operation and application. The methods NLP in the field of artificial intelligence were described. The most important and traceable form of communication is writing. Artificial intelligence and automation are at the heart of the ongoing fourth industrial revolution. During the research process, the author drew several conclusions during the research process. Among other things, he understood the importance of data vectorization and that any abstract process can be well modelled with mathematical processes. Although the use of different text generators are based on AI, the role of man is not negligible, as setting input parameters and checking output results for different methods still requires human control to this day. The layout and “quality assurance” of the text is the responsibility of AI researchers. Various techniques and methods have evolved and supplemented significantly over the past 20 years, with the latest text generators almost surpassing the framework and quality of text written by a person. This does not mean that in the future we will only read machine-generated text. Intuition and creativity still require the presence of man to this day, the machine processes the set of information we enter or enter and processes the various patterns and then generates texts using them.
{"title":"AI METHODS THAT CAN GENERATE LONGER TEXTS WITH MINIMAL INITIAL INPUT","authors":"Ágoston Pál Sándor","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-109-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-109-121","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the description of the work and the research of text generators generate longer texts with a minimum input of primary information. The research is interdisciplinary of NLP and carried out at the intersection of Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics. The emergence of the growth of web-based textual information has significantly accelerated the development of some scientific fields that have existed for many decades, but in the absence of much access to input data, they have not developed as rapidly as in the past two decades. There have been several promising ideas and experiments in this field for the automatic processing of natural language texts, which have already been implemented in many of the systems used, including many commercial systems. In my research, I try to better understand and compare existing CL applications and their operation in each topic. However, specific applications fall into one topic, with little or no difference in their area of operation and application. The methods NLP in the field of artificial intelligence were described. The most important and traceable form of communication is writing. Artificial intelligence and automation are at the heart of the ongoing fourth industrial revolution. During the research process, the author drew several conclusions during the research process. Among other things, he understood the importance of data vectorization and that any abstract process can be well modelled with mathematical processes. Although the use of different text generators are based on AI, the role of man is not negligible, as setting input parameters and checking output results for different methods still requires human control to this day. The layout and “quality assurance” of the text is the responsibility of AI researchers. Various techniques and methods have evolved and supplemented significantly over the past 20 years, with the latest text generators almost surpassing the framework and quality of text written by a person. This does not mean that in the future we will only read machine-generated text. Intuition and creativity still require the presence of man to this day, the machine processes the set of information we enter or enter and processes the various patterns and then generates texts using them.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129862758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-19-23
T. Berkutova, A. V. Mahova, B. A. Kovtun
The analysis of the conceptual apparatus used in the scientific literature and other materials is carried out to disclose the relations characterizing the content of the processes of diversification of enterprises in relation to the enterprises of the military-industrial complex, since at the completion of the rearmament of the Russian armed forces in 2020 and the reduction in funding for the state defense order, diversification is a key priority of the activity enterprises of the military-industrial complex, causing a change in the requirements for the organization of processes of diversification of enterprises of the military-industrial complex to ensure organizational and economic interpenetration of the military and civilian sectors of the economy. The study of definitions in the field of diversification, the integration of the content of diversification processes, the analysis of the main trends in diversification in domestic and foreign practice in the context of business development in the current economic situation will allow us to more clearly define the subject area of research and specify the wording and methods of solving scientific and applied problems. It is proposed to introduce the concept of “diversification of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the conditions of military-civil integration” and its author's definition, more clearly defining the subject area of research and specifying the formulation and methods of solving scientific and applied problems, since it reflects the manufacturer's attitude to the products produced by him and assumes that the ultimate goal is not only to obtain additional profit, but also to ensure sustainable economic development of defense industry enterprises, increase defense capability and preserve the social stability of the state.
{"title":"To the definition of “diversification of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the conditions of civil-military integration”","authors":"T. Berkutova, A. V. Mahova, B. A. Kovtun","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-19-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-19-23","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the conceptual apparatus used in the scientific literature and other materials is carried out to disclose the relations characterizing the content of the processes of diversification of enterprises in relation to the enterprises of the military-industrial complex, since at the completion of the rearmament of the Russian armed forces in 2020 and the reduction in funding for the state defense order, diversification is a key priority of the activity enterprises of the military-industrial complex, causing a change in the requirements for the organization of processes of diversification of enterprises of the military-industrial complex to ensure organizational and economic interpenetration of the military and civilian sectors of the economy. The study of definitions in the field of diversification, the integration of the content of diversification processes, the analysis of the main trends in diversification in domestic and foreign practice in the context of business development in the current economic situation will allow us to more clearly define the subject area of research and specify the wording and methods of solving scientific and applied problems. It is proposed to introduce the concept of “diversification of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the conditions of military-civil integration” and its author's definition, more clearly defining the subject area of research and specifying the formulation and methods of solving scientific and applied problems, since it reflects the manufacturer's attitude to the products produced by him and assumes that the ultimate goal is not only to obtain additional profit, but also to ensure sustainable economic development of defense industry enterprises, increase defense capability and preserve the social stability of the state.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116344799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-82-89
V. Baranov, R. Gnutikov, K. I. Zinatshin
The article considers capabilities of using Cyrillic blocks of the Unicode Standard for the purpose of creating transcriptions, which would represent graphics of medieval Slavonic manuscripts. In addition, much attention is given to the fact that the Unicode Standard provides variants of Cyrillic letters, which means that one can accurately enough record graphic features of manuscripts. However, some variants of certain letters are still missing, and that is why there exists a need to use additional agreements of character encoding, which code points are placed in special blocks and Private Use Areas and not in standard ranges of Unicode. The Manuscript - a historical corpus - is the example of a big machine-readable collection of medieval Slavonic manuscripts. It was created on the base of Oracle DBMS with the use of a specialized system of codes and fonts. Transference of the corpus to other technological platforms or usage of external software (including separate texts, parts of corpora, selections) for analysis of linguistic data would be possible only after downloaded files are recoded to the Unicode Standard. A comparative analysis of the character blocks used in the corpus and in the current version 14.0 of the Unicode Standard leads to the conclusion that recoding either results in losses of graphic features or requires usage of a supplementary set of varying characters with code points of Private Use Areas. Instances when there are two or more characters of the Unicode Standard that correspond to one recoded character of the Manuscript are analyzed. It is also stated that numerous ligatures and certain singular graphemes are missing in the standard blocks and in the blocks of Private Use Areas.
{"title":"ENCODING AND TRANSCODING OF TRANSCRIPTIONS OF THE HISTORICAL CORPUS “MANUSCRIPT”","authors":"V. Baranov, R. Gnutikov, K. I. Zinatshin","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-82-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers capabilities of using Cyrillic blocks of the Unicode Standard for the purpose of creating transcriptions, which would represent graphics of medieval Slavonic manuscripts. In addition, much attention is given to the fact that the Unicode Standard provides variants of Cyrillic letters, which means that one can accurately enough record graphic features of manuscripts. However, some variants of certain letters are still missing, and that is why there exists a need to use additional agreements of character encoding, which code points are placed in special blocks and Private Use Areas and not in standard ranges of Unicode. The Manuscript - a historical corpus - is the example of a big machine-readable collection of medieval Slavonic manuscripts. It was created on the base of Oracle DBMS with the use of a specialized system of codes and fonts. Transference of the corpus to other technological platforms or usage of external software (including separate texts, parts of corpora, selections) for analysis of linguistic data would be possible only after downloaded files are recoded to the Unicode Standard. A comparative analysis of the character blocks used in the corpus and in the current version 14.0 of the Unicode Standard leads to the conclusion that recoding either results in losses of graphic features or requires usage of a supplementary set of varying characters with code points of Private Use Areas. Instances when there are two or more characters of the Unicode Standard that correspond to one recoded character of the Manuscript are analyzed. It is also stated that numerous ligatures and certain singular graphemes are missing in the standard blocks and in the blocks of Private Use Areas.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122572141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-12-18
N. Alekseeva, Y. Tolkachev
The assembly of a building from modular blocks that are completely Modular buildings assembled at factories are used for residential buildings, student housing, hotel buildings, schools, hospitals and other social infrastructure facilities. However, due to the existing restrictions, the process of introducing modular buildings into the construction of large facilities is still quite slow. To identify the factors hindering the development of high-rise modular buildings in Russia, a literature review was conducted, as well as a study was conducted through a focus group survey. To quantify the identified constraints, a questionnaire survey of experts in the construction field directly related to modular construction was conducted. This document showed that “Regulatory Limitations”, “Lack of experience and knowledge” and “Lack of building codes and standards” are the main barriers hindering the introduction of modular buildings. The results obtained should serve as a valuable guide for stakeholders using modular buildings, while reducing the risks of modular construction. Future research is expected to use building information modeling and design for manufacturing and assembly to minimize existing constraints and improve the performance of modular construction.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRAINTS HINDERING THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-RISE MODULAR BUILDINGS","authors":"N. Alekseeva, Y. Tolkachev","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"The assembly of a building from modular blocks that are completely Modular buildings assembled at factories are used for residential buildings, student housing, hotel buildings, schools, hospitals and other social infrastructure facilities. However, due to the existing restrictions, the process of introducing modular buildings into the construction of large facilities is still quite slow. To identify the factors hindering the development of high-rise modular buildings in Russia, a literature review was conducted, as well as a study was conducted through a focus group survey. To quantify the identified constraints, a questionnaire survey of experts in the construction field directly related to modular construction was conducted. This document showed that “Regulatory Limitations”, “Lack of experience and knowledge” and “Lack of building codes and standards” are the main barriers hindering the introduction of modular buildings. The results obtained should serve as a valuable guide for stakeholders using modular buildings, while reducing the risks of modular construction. Future research is expected to use building information modeling and design for manufacturing and assembly to minimize existing constraints and improve the performance of modular construction.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121053486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-32-37
N. Sokolova, O. A. Perevoshchikova
The competitiveness of an industrial enterprise is influenced by many factors, which in turn are positioned in terms of determining the position of the enterprise in the market. Among the authors considering the problem of enterprise competitiveness, the article highlights the opinion of M. Porter, on the basis of which, it was concluded that without the human component, it would be wrong to talk about the competitiveness of an enterprise in a rapidly developing external environment, improvement of technology and technology. Based on this, the concept of “human potential” is considered as one of the factors influencing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise. It is also noted that the concept of “human potential” is reflected in the “Methodology for using the rating assessment of the quality of work of production workers for the appointment of allowances for professional skills”, the main purpose of which is the material interest of production workers in the results of their work, increasing labor productivity, improving the quality of work performed, as well as improving the professional level of workers. As a result of considering these provisions, it was concluded that the assessment of the quality of labor according to the specified method helps to increase the human potential of the most numerous contingent of employees of the enterprise - production workers, which in modern conditions of development of society is an important competitive advantage of any enterprise.
{"title":"HUMAN POTENTIAL AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE","authors":"N. Sokolova, O. A. Perevoshchikova","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-4-32-37","url":null,"abstract":"The competitiveness of an industrial enterprise is influenced by many factors, which in turn are positioned in terms of determining the position of the enterprise in the market. Among the authors considering the problem of enterprise competitiveness, the article highlights the opinion of M. Porter, on the basis of which, it was concluded that without the human component, it would be wrong to talk about the competitiveness of an enterprise in a rapidly developing external environment, improvement of technology and technology. Based on this, the concept of “human potential” is considered as one of the factors influencing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise. It is also noted that the concept of “human potential” is reflected in the “Methodology for using the rating assessment of the quality of work of production workers for the appointment of allowances for professional skills”, the main purpose of which is the material interest of production workers in the results of their work, increasing labor productivity, improving the quality of work performed, as well as improving the professional level of workers. As a result of considering these provisions, it was concluded that the assessment of the quality of labor according to the specified method helps to increase the human potential of the most numerous contingent of employees of the enterprise - production workers, which in modern conditions of development of society is an important competitive advantage of any enterprise.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129378245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-104-113
R. A. Vernyaeva
The material for research in this work was the electronic corpus of the oldest Russian Chronicles, published on the portal “Manuscript: Slavic Written Heritage”. The article describes the different understanding of the concept of “collocation” in modern linguistics and presents a quantitative and statistical analysis of the lexical сѢча in the most ancient Russian Chronicles. The tool for obtaining the necessary samples was the n-gram IAS “Manuscript” module, which makes it possible to identify text combinations with a different number of components. The module makes it possible to carry out a statistical analysis of linguistic units using association measures. Within the framework of this work, the T-score and Log-Likelihood measures were used. The first allows you to determine how non-random the strength of the connection between words in a phrase is, the second allows you to compare the observed and expected values for two datasets. In the course of the scientific research, the statistical data on the use of the lexeme сѢча and the semantically close lexeme брань in the annalistic text were compared. The analysis of statistical data confirms the effectiveness of the application of association measures when working with the Old Russian text. The paper concludes that the quantitative-statistical method of analysis of the Old Russian text allows one to obtain linguistically substantiated results.
{"title":"STATISTICAL DATA ON THE USE OF THE LEXEME СѢЧА IN RUSSIAN CHRONICLES (based on the corpus of russian chronicles of the IAS “Manuscript”)","authors":"R. A. Vernyaeva","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-104-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-104-113","url":null,"abstract":"The material for research in this work was the electronic corpus of the oldest Russian Chronicles, published on the portal “Manuscript: Slavic Written Heritage”. The article describes the different understanding of the concept of “collocation” in modern linguistics and presents a quantitative and statistical analysis of the lexical сѢча in the most ancient Russian Chronicles. The tool for obtaining the necessary samples was the n-gram IAS “Manuscript” module, which makes it possible to identify text combinations with a different number of components. The module makes it possible to carry out a statistical analysis of linguistic units using association measures. Within the framework of this work, the T-score and Log-Likelihood measures were used. The first allows you to determine how non-random the strength of the connection between words in a phrase is, the second allows you to compare the observed and expected values for two datasets. In the course of the scientific research, the statistical data on the use of the lexeme сѢча and the semantically close lexeme брань in the annalistic text were compared. The analysis of statistical data confirms the effectiveness of the application of association measures when working with the Old Russian text. The paper concludes that the quantitative-statistical method of analysis of the Old Russian text allows one to obtain linguistically substantiated results.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131595144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-114-120
A. Erokhin
The article deals with some artistic and translation principles of the German poet of the second half of the twentieth century Karl Mickel (1935-2000). The analysis is based on Mickel’s translation of A. A. Blok’s poem “Korshun” [Vulture] (1916). A general characteristic of Mickel’s work is given which highlights the two main features inherent in both his original work and translations. They involve 1) showing structural contradictions within a poetic statement (“art of contradiction”) and 2) emphasizing internal constraints, barriers, dividing lines in a poetic text (“art of separation”). The paper uses documents from Karl Mickel’s archival collections at the German Literary Archive in Marbach. The proposed article analyses stylistic means used by Mickel in his translation of “Vulture” involving an examination of the metrical structure of both original and translation, as well as questioning the means of syntactic, lexical, and phonetic expression. The conclusion is made that Mickel restructures Blok’s original poem, while introducing and reinforcing in it the elements of intellectual reflection and artistic experiment. The results obtained in the paper may be useful for practicing translators, specialists in the theory and history of translation, literary scholars, cultural historians, as well as for teachers, bachelors, masters and graduate students in the field of translation studies.
{"title":"KARL MICKEL AS A TRANSLATOR FROM RUSSIAN (on the example of A. A. Blok’s poem “Vulture”)","authors":"A. Erokhin","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-114-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-114-120","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with some artistic and translation principles of the German poet of the second half of the twentieth century Karl Mickel (1935-2000). The analysis is based on Mickel’s translation of A. A. Blok’s poem “Korshun” [Vulture] (1916). A general characteristic of Mickel’s work is given which highlights the two main features inherent in both his original work and translations. They involve 1) showing structural contradictions within a poetic statement (“art of contradiction”) and 2) emphasizing internal constraints, barriers, dividing lines in a poetic text (“art of separation”). The paper uses documents from Karl Mickel’s archival collections at the German Literary Archive in Marbach. The proposed article analyses stylistic means used by Mickel in his translation of “Vulture” involving an examination of the metrical structure of both original and translation, as well as questioning the means of syntactic, lexical, and phonetic expression. The conclusion is made that Mickel restructures Blok’s original poem, while introducing and reinforcing in it the elements of intellectual reflection and artistic experiment. The results obtained in the paper may be useful for practicing translators, specialists in the theory and history of translation, literary scholars, cultural historians, as well as for teachers, bachelors, masters and graduate students in the field of translation studies.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133598091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-90-103
E. O. Sozina
The article is dedicated to understanding of the concept of “tenderness” in Russian and Spanish linguistic pictures of the world in comparison. During research the connection between language and culture is indicated, reflected in the linguistic picture of the world through the functioning of the concept as its unit. The focus of attention is focused on the emotional concept that expresses the image, assessment, and cultural significance. On the basis of the learnt linguistic researches in the field of language theory, the concepts of “language picture of the world”, “concept” and “emotional concept” are revealed. A comparative analysis of the data of etymological, explanatory dictionaries, as well as dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms of the Russian and Spanish languages is carried out. The obtained results are compared with the events of the domestic and foreign political life of Russia and Spain of the designated time periods (Etymology, the Middle Ages, the XVIII-XIX centuries, the XX century, the XXI century). The nuclear zone of the concept “tenderness” is being formed in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. The article analyzes the content structure of the concept “tenderness” and the transformation of its components from the moment of its origin to the present day. It clearly reflects which components of the concept values appear and disappear according to the dictionaries from one epoch to another. The most frequent components of the values of the nuclear zone of the concept, common and periodic for each of the studied world pictures, are identified. In conclusion, are formed findings about the similarity and difference of changes in the concept due to the historical formation and its modern functioning in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. It was revealed that in the transformation process, the concept of “tenderness” acquired the status of a deep comprehensive feeling. Nevertheless, despite the general similarity, there are also specific features for each language picture of the world, which are reflected by the analyzed language data recorded in dictionaries. It follows from this that the linguistic representation of the same concept of “tenderness” in the Russian and Spanish linguistic cultures is quite different due to the mental characteristics of each of these cultures.
{"title":"BASIC MEANINGS OF THE CONCEPT “TENDERNESS” IN RUSSIAN AND SPANISH LANGUAGE PICTURES","authors":"E. O. Sozina","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-90-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-90-103","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to understanding of the concept of “tenderness” in Russian and Spanish linguistic pictures of the world in comparison. During research the connection between language and culture is indicated, reflected in the linguistic picture of the world through the functioning of the concept as its unit. The focus of attention is focused on the emotional concept that expresses the image, assessment, and cultural significance. On the basis of the learnt linguistic researches in the field of language theory, the concepts of “language picture of the world”, “concept” and “emotional concept” are revealed. A comparative analysis of the data of etymological, explanatory dictionaries, as well as dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms of the Russian and Spanish languages is carried out. The obtained results are compared with the events of the domestic and foreign political life of Russia and Spain of the designated time periods (Etymology, the Middle Ages, the XVIII-XIX centuries, the XX century, the XXI century). The nuclear zone of the concept “tenderness” is being formed in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. The article analyzes the content structure of the concept “tenderness” and the transformation of its components from the moment of its origin to the present day. It clearly reflects which components of the concept values appear and disappear according to the dictionaries from one epoch to another. The most frequent components of the values of the nuclear zone of the concept, common and periodic for each of the studied world pictures, are identified. In conclusion, are formed findings about the similarity and difference of changes in the concept due to the historical formation and its modern functioning in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. It was revealed that in the transformation process, the concept of “tenderness” acquired the status of a deep comprehensive feeling. Nevertheless, despite the general similarity, there are also specific features for each language picture of the world, which are reflected by the analyzed language data recorded in dictionaries. It follows from this that the linguistic representation of the same concept of “tenderness” in the Russian and Spanish linguistic cultures is quite different due to the mental characteristics of each of these cultures.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127822682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-47-53
I. Sokolova, G. Lobanova
The article is relevant, since the interest of workers in the results of labor is the basis for the successful development of domestic enterprises and business in general. At the same time, the improvement and enhancement of trade processes are taking an increasing place in the economy of any country. In the context of the development of a competitive market, the motivation of sales personnel is the basis for the growth of labor productivity and the achievement of high performance indicators both for the trading enterprise itself, and for the manufacturer and, of course, for the consumer. Correctly developed measures to improve the motivation system of employees of a trading enterprise, as a result, will increase sales revenue and other performance indicators. The article presents the basic principles of motivating employees of the enterprise, investigates the motivational processes of LLC “Arkaim”, on the basis of which changes are proposed in the system of bonuses to employees of the enterprise for the high-quality performance of duties. It was revealed that in LLC “Arkaim” not enough attention is paid to an important motivating factor for increasing the productivity of employees - training of personnel. The main stages of development of the training system at the enterprise are proposed. The budget for staff training for the current year has been formed. The results of the introduction of the new bonus program testify to the effectiveness of the developed measures to stimulate the employees of the trade enterprise.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION OF EMPLOYEES OF A TRADING COMPANY","authors":"I. Sokolova, G. Lobanova","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-47-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-47-53","url":null,"abstract":"The article is relevant, since the interest of workers in the results of labor is the basis for the successful development of domestic enterprises and business in general. At the same time, the improvement and enhancement of trade processes are taking an increasing place in the economy of any country. In the context of the development of a competitive market, the motivation of sales personnel is the basis for the growth of labor productivity and the achievement of high performance indicators both for the trading enterprise itself, and for the manufacturer and, of course, for the consumer. Correctly developed measures to improve the motivation system of employees of a trading enterprise, as a result, will increase sales revenue and other performance indicators. The article presents the basic principles of motivating employees of the enterprise, investigates the motivational processes of LLC “Arkaim”, on the basis of which changes are proposed in the system of bonuses to employees of the enterprise for the high-quality performance of duties. It was revealed that in LLC “Arkaim” not enough attention is paid to an important motivating factor for increasing the productivity of employees - training of personnel. The main stages of development of the training system at the enterprise are proposed. The budget for staff training for the current year has been formed. The results of the introduction of the new bonus program testify to the effectiveness of the developed measures to stimulate the employees of the trade enterprise.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127604096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-64-69
A. Gareyev
The use of competence-based approach in higher technical education demands a certain degree of precision from teachers and researchers when building a structure of a competence. This paper explores foreign language training in a technical university. It discusses the specifics of a concept of competence in the context of a technical university taking into account its qualimetric nature, the ability to measure the results of its development. Also, the concept, structure and developmental specifics of a complex, professional language competence relevant for technical universities are presented. Based on the literature review and the use of method of group expert assessment, the structure of professional language competence for a technical university student is identified. It consists of three its most significant components: communicative, cognitive and domain-specific. With that, the domain-specific component implies two individual educational trajectories which correspond to the needs of future graduates. The presented structure lays the foundation of a pedagogical model and technology developed by the author and can be used for other pedagogical solutions and experiments.
{"title":"PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENT: CONCEPT, STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENTAL SPECIFICS","authors":"A. Gareyev","doi":"10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"The use of competence-based approach in higher technical education demands a certain degree of precision from teachers and researchers when building a structure of a competence. This paper explores foreign language training in a technical university. It discusses the specifics of a concept of competence in the context of a technical university taking into account its qualimetric nature, the ability to measure the results of its development. Also, the concept, structure and developmental specifics of a complex, professional language competence relevant for technical universities are presented. Based on the literature review and the use of method of group expert assessment, the structure of professional language competence for a technical university student is identified. It consists of three its most significant components: communicative, cognitive and domain-specific. With that, the domain-specific component implies two individual educational trajectories which correspond to the needs of future graduates. The presented structure lays the foundation of a pedagogical model and technology developed by the author and can be used for other pedagogical solutions and experiments.","PeriodicalId":431363,"journal":{"name":"Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116503773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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