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THE COMMENTARY ON THE FIRST TIMOTHY IN THE 14TH-CENTURY TOLSTOVSKII APOSTOLUS 14世纪托尔斯泰《使徒传》对提摩太一书的评注
Pub Date : 2021-06-26 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-2-66-71
M. Novak
The article discusses the lexical and grammatical parameters of previously understudied commentary on the First Timothy, presented in the 14th-century Apostolos manuscript, containing the continuous text. In order to determine the commentary textological status in this manuscript, the author studied the linguistic material in two aspects: first, a search for similarities and differences with twenty other hand-written sources from the 12th-16th centuries was done; second, the degree of accuracy in following the Greek original was established. It proved the original position of the commentary in the Tolstovskii Apostolus: the main text of the epistle is similar to other sources, whereas, in the commentary, the lexical and grammatical variants of the Tolstoy manuscript are not supported at all. It may indicate the influence of the still unknown protograph containing the commentary. In terms of exactness of following the Greek primary source, the Tolstovskii Apostolus gives greater accuracy at the lexical level. At the grammatical level, inaccuracies can affect the transmission of Greek grammemes or syntactic constructions and can be due to the syntactic complexity of the Greek text. Also, certain errors and discrepancies not previously noted in the epistle and its commentary edition were commented on .
文章讨论了词汇和语法参数的先前未充分研究的评论,提摩太前书,呈现在14世纪的使徒手稿,包含连续的文本。为了确定本稿评注的考据学地位,作者从两个方面对语言材料进行了研究:首先,与其他20个12 -16世纪的手写材料进行了异同的研究;其次,确定了遵循希腊原文的准确程度。这证明了托尔斯泰《使徒传》注释的原始位置:书信的正文与其他资料相似,而在注释中,对托尔斯泰手稿的词汇和语法变体完全不支持。这可能表明包含注释的尚不为人知的原稿的影响。在遵循希腊语主要来源的准确性方面,托尔斯泰的《使徒传》在词汇层面上给出了更高的准确性。在语法层面上,不准确会影响希腊语语法或句法结构的传递,这可能是由于希腊语文本的句法复杂性。此外,某些错误和差异以前没有注意到的书信和它的评论版进行了评论。
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引用次数: 0
OPINION OF STUDENTS ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN UNIVERSITIES: PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF SOLUTION 学生对高校远程教育组织的看法:问题及解决途径
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-61-66
I. S. Tarbeeva, A. Borisova
In 2020, many areas of society were forced to be transferred to a remote work format. Education is no exception. Universities across the country made decisions on the organization of the educational process online. Based on a secondary analysis of sociological research and a survey of university students, the article analyzes the main problems of distance learning, offers recommendations for solving the identified problems and a possible combination of full-time and distance learning. The students quickly adapted to the distance. Students quickly and successfully adapted to distance learning, but they are not ready to consider its alternative to the traditional learning format. In addition, students admit to a decrease in the level of motivation for learning during a distance student. The main advantages of the distance form are: the ability to study in a comfortable and familiar environment; the ability to combine work with study; flexibility of the educational process. The key problems of distance learning, according to students, are: an increase in independent educational work; lack of „working“ forms of interaction with the teacher; inconvenience of using the platform for distance learning. The authors of the article believe that it is necessary to combine distance and traditional training formats by conducting lectures at the distance, and continue to conduct practical classes in the usual format. In addition, it is advisable to involve interesting speakers with the help of remote technologies to participate in seminars who can share their practical experience on the topic with students.
2020年,社会的许多领域被迫转为远程工作形式。教育也不例外。全国各地的大学对在线教育过程的组织做出了决定。本文基于社会学研究的二次分析和对大学生的调查,分析了远程教育的主要问题,提出了解决问题的建议,并提出了全日制和远程教育相结合的可能。学生们很快适应了这种距离。学生们很快就成功地适应了远程学习,但他们还没有准备好考虑它对传统学习形式的替代。此外,学生承认在远程学习期间学习的动机水平有所下降。远程形式的主要优点是:能够在舒适和熟悉的环境中学习;工作与学习相结合的能力;教育过程的灵活性。根据学生的反馈,远程教育的关键问题是:自主教育工作的增加;缺乏与老师互动的“工作”形式;使用远程学习平台的不便。文章作者认为,有必要通过远程授课,将远程与传统的培训形式相结合,并继续以通常的形式进行实践课程。此外,建议让有趣的演讲者在远程技术的帮助下参加研讨会,他们可以与学生分享他们在该主题上的实践经验。
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引用次数: 0
STRUCTURAL-DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HEALTH LEVEL OF WORKING AGE POPULATION: REGIONAL ASPECT 劳动年龄人口健康水平的结构动态分析:区域层面
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-3-12
K. Ketova, D. Vavilova, M. Kuzmin, A. Korepanova
Human capital in the modern world is the primary factor in ensuring the progressive development of society. The level of population health is an important part of human capital. It determines the quality of labor resources and labor productivity in the region. The purpose of this work is to study the structure and dynamics of the level of health of the working-age population and identify trends in its development. A numerical analysis of the structure and dynamics of the health status of the population is carried out on the example of the Udmurt Republic, using modern data reflected in the system of state statistical accounting for the period 2000-2019. Calculations have shown that the level of health of the working-age group of the region’s population has been declining in recent decades. The share of healthy people in the region in the 15-72 age group of the population decreased from 59.8% in 2000 to 42.1% in 2019. At the same time, the proportion of people with chronic diseases increased: 33.2% in 2000 and 48.5% in 2019. In general, the share of people with disabilities in the total population of the age group 15-72 years old increased from 7.0% to 9.4%. The trends in the structure and dynamics of the health of the working-age population of the region identified and analyzed in the work indicate a decrease in the rate of positive influence of human capital on the economic dynamics and the labor market. The analysis indicated the emergence of the need to create additional conditions to reduce the level of general morbidity and disability in the region.
现代社会的人力资本是保证社会进步发展的首要因素。人口健康水平是人力资本的重要组成部分。它决定了该地区劳动力资源的质量和劳动生产率。这项工作的目的是研究工作年龄人口健康水平的结构和动态,并确定其发展趋势。以乌德穆尔特共和国为例,利用2000-2019年期间国家统计核算系统中反映的现代数据,对人口健康状况的结构和动态进行了数值分析。计算表明,近几十年来,该地区工作年龄人口的健康水平一直在下降。该地区15-72岁年龄组中健康人口的比例从2000年的59.8%下降到2019年的42.1%。与此同时,慢性病患者的比例有所上升:2000年为33.2%,2019年为48.5%。总体而言,15-72岁年龄组残疾人占总人口的比例从7.0%增加到9.4%。工作中确定和分析的本区域劳动年龄人口的健康结构和动态趋势表明,人力资本对经济动态和劳动力市场的积极影响正在下降。分析表明,出现了需要创造额外条件以降低该区域一般发病率和残疾率的情况。
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引用次数: 0
IN ADDITION TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE DIALECT VOCABULARY CONTAINED IN THE CORPUS OF RUSSIAN DIALECTS OF UDMURTIA 对乌德穆尔特俄语方言语料库中的方言词汇进行了问卷调查
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-67-72
E. Zhdanova
The paper presents the progress and the intermediate results on linguistic-geographical information system “Dialect”. New definitions for the dialect words, showing derivational, semantic, lexical specificity of a dialect speech, are introduced into the system to identify the dialect words and their further presentation in the lexical-geographical and lexicographic modules. The questionnaire of LGIS “Dialect” is based on the Lexical atlas of Russian folk dialects’ program and at the same time complements it. The questionnaire refers to the different topics and parts of speech. The questions are based on authoritative lexicographic sources and examples of words usage in Russian dialects of Udmurtia. The words widely used in the dialect language but not included in Lexical atlas of Russian folk dialects’ program as well as a local vocabulary outside other sources were tagged in LGIS “Dialect”. New data for lexical-geographical and lexicographic description of Russian dialects of Udmurtia were received as the result. The analysis of new tagged words provides a deeper understanding of the lexical vocabulary and the dialect differentiation of Russian dialects of Udmurtia.
本文介绍了语言地理信息系统“方言”的研究进展和初步成果。在系统中引入了方言词的新定义,这些定义显示了方言话语的衍生性、语义性和词汇特异性,以识别方言词并在词汇地理和词典学模块中进一步呈现。LGIS“方言”调查问卷是在俄罗斯民间方言节目词汇图谱的基础上,对其进行补充的。问卷是指不同的话题和词性。这些问题是基于权威的词典来源和乌德穆尔特俄语方言的单词用法的例子。在方言语言中广泛使用但未包括在俄罗斯民间方言词汇图集程序中的词汇以及其他来源之外的地方词汇在LGIS中标记为“方言”。结果收到了乌德穆尔特省俄语方言的词汇地理学和词典学描述的新数据。通过对新标注词的分析,对乌德穆尔特地区俄语方言的词汇和方言差异有了更深入的了解。
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引用次数: 0
COMMUNICATIVE-PRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF POPULAR SCIENCE MEDICAL TEXTS 科普医学文本的交际语用潜力
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-73-78
E. S. Oshanova, Yu. V. Merkusheva
The article concentrates on the study of the communicative and pragmatic features of popular science medical texts.The purpose of the popular science medical text is to popularize knowledge in the field of medicine, biology and health care. Also medical terminology not only names medical concepts, but also has an influencing function. And expressive means simplify the presentation of medical knowledge and get into contact with a reader. The article gives the definition of “popular science style”, considers its specificity and analyzes the stylistic features of popular science medical texts in English and German. It is noted that the communicative and pragmatic characteristics of popular science texts on medical topics are expressed in the use of certain linguistic means focused on the transfer of scientific knowledge and the involvement of communicants in the perception and understanding of this information. The results of the analysis show that the percentage of terms, colloquial vocabulary, tropes and syntactic means in English and German is approximately the same. It allows us to conclude that most popular science medical texts have such stylistic features. Thus, the authors of popular scientific medical books strive to fulfill their main task - to convey scientific knowledge in the field of medicine to the reader as much as possible.
本文着重研究科普医学语篇的交际和语用特征。科普医学教材的目的是普及医学、生物学和保健领域的知识。医学术语不仅是医学概念的名称,而且具有影响作用。表达手段简化了医学知识的表达,与读者接触。本文给出了“科普文体”的定义,考虑了科普文体的特殊性,分析了英、德两种医学科普文本的文体特点。值得注意的是,关于医学主题的科普文本的交际性和语用性特点表现在使用某些语言手段,侧重于科学知识的传递和交流者参与对这些信息的感知和理解。分析结果表明,英语和德语的术语、口语化词汇、修辞和句法手段所占比例大致相同。它使我们得出结论,大多数科普医学文本具有这种文体特征。因此,科普医学书籍的作者努力完成他们的主要任务——向读者尽可能多地传达医学领域的科学知识。
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引用次数: 0
ESSENCE OF THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATIONS AND ITS EVALUATION METHODS 施工组织投资潜力的本质及其评价方法
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-29-35
Y. Kislyakova, N. V. Lekomtseva
The paper considers and clarifies the definition of the concept of ’investment potential’, its essence and features. The existing methods of assessing the investment potential of organizations are analyzed, and the need to assess investment potential is described. The aim of this work is to analyze theoretical approaches to determining the investment potential of construction enterprises and to identify the optimal method for assessing it. The investment potential of an enterprise is a combination of external and internal investment resources that have been accumulated at the enterprise for the implementation of the company’s strategic goals with the available opportunities. The structure of investment potential should include groups of private potentials, such as financial, industrial, labor and market. Each particular potential, in turn, is determined by the corresponding factors (indicators). Analysis of the construction companies investment potential should contribute to accurate evaluation of their own resources and capabilities, the definition of an investment policy priorities of the organization. The increase and effective use of the organization’s potential determines its viability and sustainable development. The investment potential is constantly changing over time due to the fact that there are changes in the external and internal environment of the enterprise. The paper lists the main negative factors that negatively affect the activities of construction organizations.
本文对“投资潜力”概念的定义、本质和特征进行了思考和阐述。分析了现有的评估组织投资潜力的方法,阐述了评估组织投资潜力的必要性。本工作的目的是分析确定建筑企业投资潜力的理论方法,并确定评估它的最佳方法。企业的投资潜力是企业为利用可利用的机会实现企业战略目标而积累的外部和内部投资资源的总和。投资潜力的结构应包括金融、产业、劳动力和市场等私人潜力群体。每一种特定的潜力又由相应的因素(指标)决定。对建筑企业投资潜力的分析应有助于准确评价企业自身的资源和能力,确定组织投资的优先政策。组织潜力的增加和有效利用决定了组织的生存能力和可持续发展。由于企业外部环境和内部环境的变化,投资潜力是不断变化的。本文列举了影响施工组织活动的主要负面因素。
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引用次数: 0
THE RELEVANCE OF A MULTI-APARTMENT BUILDINGS. THE MAIN CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING MASS RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR PROSPECTIVE CONSTRUCTION 多公寓建筑的相关性。评价大规模住宅开发项目的主要标准
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-48-52
M. I. Yakimova, O. A. Khuzyakhmetova
The paper describes the main criteria for evaluating mass residential development for prospective construction. The relevance of the design and construction of multifunctional residential buildings is justified. In the course of the study, the main factors that characterize the spatial, functional, socio-demographic and socio-economic criteria for assessing the prospects of residential complexes were considered. Space-space criteria represent certain requirements for the number of floors, the planning structure of the section and apartment, as well as when choosing the first floors. The functional criteria of urban planning models of multi-storey residential complexes are expressed by the introduction of non-residential funds in residential buildings to accommodate employment and service facilities. Socio-demographic assumptions inherent in the study of the prevailing field, the age of the population, places of recreation for different groups of the population, the identification of the interests of these groups, as well as analyzing queries to the domestic Affairs of a house.
本文介绍了评价大规模住宅开发项目的主要标准。多功能住宅的设计和建造的相关性是合理的。在研究过程中,考虑了评价住宅综合体前景的空间、功能、社会人口和社会经济标准的主要因素。空间-空间标准代表了对楼层数量、剖面和公寓的规划结构以及一楼选择的特定要求。多层住宅综合体城市规划模式的功能标准是通过在住宅建筑中引入非住宅资金来容纳就业和服务设施。在研究流行领域、人口年龄、不同人口群体的娱乐场所、确定这些群体的利益以及分析对家庭事务的询问时所固有的社会人口假设。
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引用次数: 0
IMPACT ON ACCOUNTING INDICATORS OF CHANGES IN THE VALUATION OF NON-CURRENT ASSETS 非流动资产估值变动对会计指标的影响
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-13-16
G. V. Slesarenko
In connection with the adoption of the new accounting standards FSBU 6/2020 “Fixed Assets” and FSBU 26/2020 “Capital Investments”, new valuation categories appeared in accounting - the liquidation value of the asset and the liquidation obligation upon disposal of the asset. The application of new valuations requires close attention, as some accounting indicators depend on their magnitude, which affects the assessment of the property position of the organization and the subsequent analysis of the financial condition. When assessing the liquidation value and liquidation liability, not only the coordinated work of the accounting service and other divisions of the enterprise is required, but also the expression of the professional judgment of the accountant is necessary. If the asset valuation categories are correctly applied, they are reflected in the value balance sheet, which is more real, useful to the reporting user and potential investor. The article describes the procedure for changing the main reporting indicators under the influence of the change in the valuation of non-current assets, such as: fixed assets in the balance sheet, financial result, amount of accrued depreciation. This article will be useful to both students in performing research work and teachers in preparing for lectures, since current material on changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation is used.
与采用新的会计准则FSBU 6/2020“固定资产”和FSBU 26/2020“资本投资”有关,会计中出现了新的估值类别-资产的清算价值和处置资产时的清算义务。新估值的应用需要密切注意,因为一些会计指标取决于它们的大小,这影响到对组织财产状况的评估和随后对财务状况的分析。在评估清算价值和清算负债时,不仅需要会计服务部门和企业其他部门的协调工作,而且还需要会计人员的专业判断的表达。如果正确应用了资产估值类别,它们就会反映在价值资产负债表中,这对报告使用者和潜在投资者来说更真实,更有用。本文介绍了在非流动资产估值变化的影响下,主要报告指标变更的程序,如:资产负债表中的固定资产、财务业绩、应计折旧金额等。这篇文章对学生进行研究工作和教师准备讲课都很有用,因为它使用了关于俄罗斯联邦立法变化的最新材料。
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引用次数: 0
ADVANTAGES OF CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE EXISTING BUILDINGS 高层建筑在既有建筑结构上的优势
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-36-40
D. Kalabina, A. A. Prozorova
This article examines the issues and main advantages of the construction of high-rise buildings. The techniques that contribute to the creation of a large-scale human environment for high-rise buildings are described. High-rise objects from the Russian architectural practice are given, the construction of a multi-storey building in the structure of the existing low-rise buildings in the city of Izhevsk is substantiated. The rationality of the construction of high-rise buildings that expose the people in this building to potential danger does not have a clear argument. People are divided according to their knowledge of the construction field. The key characteristics of the urban environment, which have a direct impact on the formation of the housing stock of increased number of storeys, have been identified. Also, the analysis of the psychophysical impact of high-rise buildings on the residents of the city was carried out, factors, ’attraction’ and ’repulsion’, which have a direct impact on this choice, were identified. The directions of improvement and prospects for the introduction of high-rise housing construction are proposed. Buildings are built for people, and their response to the built environment has important implications for urban planning strategies at the urban level. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to find out the attitude of the residents of the city of Izhevsk to high-rise construction, as well as to establish the dependence of the socio-economic parameters of living conditions and the individual characteristics of the psychological and physical data set that affect this choice.
本文探讨了高层建筑建设存在的问题和主要优势。描述了有助于为高层建筑创造大规模人文环境的技术。本文给出了俄罗斯建筑实践中的高层建筑,在伊热夫斯克市现有低层建筑的基础上建造了一座多层建筑。高层建筑建设的合理性,暴露在这个建筑物的人潜在的危险,没有明确的论点。人们根据他们对建筑领域的知识进行划分。已经确定了城市环境的关键特征,这些特征对增加楼层数量的住房存量的形成有直接影响。此外,对高层建筑对城市居民的心理物理影响进行了分析,确定了对这种选择有直接影响的因素,“吸引”和“排斥”。提出了高层住宅建设的改进方向和发展前景。建筑是为人类建造的,它们对建筑环境的反应对城市层面的城市规划策略具有重要意义。因此,本文的目的是找出伊热夫斯克市居民对高层建筑的态度,并建立生活条件的社会经济参数的依赖性以及影响这种选择的心理和身体数据集的个体特征。
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引用次数: 0
CONGRESS HALL WITH A CENTER FOR SUPPORTING INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE NORTHERN EMBANKMENT IN IZHEVSK 伊热夫斯克北部河堤上的国会大厅和支持工业发展的中心
Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.22213/2618-9763-2021-1-23-28
A. A. Galieva, N. S. Bashkova
The article deals with the construction of a congress center in the city of Izhevsk on the northern embankment. The current global trends in the design of this type of building and the prerequisites for its construction in the city of Izhevsk are outlined. The prerequisites are the economic and social base of the city - industrial enterprises with a high proportion of working citizens. Exhibition and congress activities are one of the most significant areas in the development of the Udmurt region. Holding congress conferences, exhibitions, annual industrial forums contributes to the transformation of the city of Izhevsk into one of the leading financial centers in the world. The main ’tool’ for development is the creation of new exhibition and congress centers at the international and federal levels. The main goal for writing this article is to create a multifunctional building for the collective exchange of information innovations, the establishment of business cooperation, interaction between developers and buyers of products. Also, the construction of a dominant on the northern embankment is an impetus for the development of the nearest territory and infrastructure. As a result, the possible areas for the location of the building in the central part of the city are identified and characterized, which are closest to the city-forming enterprise of Izhevsk, also interconnected with the recreational walking area of the pond embankment. In addition to the design area, the nearest infrastructure and pedestrian flows of the pond embankment territory were analyzed.
本文讨论的是伊热夫斯克市北部河堤上的一个会议中心的建设。概述了目前这种建筑设计的全球趋势以及在伊热夫斯克市建造这种建筑的先决条件。其先决条件是城市的经济社会基础——工业企业和高比例的劳动公民。展览和会议活动是乌德穆尔特地区发展中最重要的领域之一。举办大会、展览、年度工业论坛有助于伊热夫斯克市转变为世界领先的金融中心之一。发展的主要“工具”是在国际和联邦层面建立新的展览和会议中心。撰写本文的主要目标是创建一个多功能建筑,用于信息创新的集体交流,建立业务合作,开发人员和产品购买者之间的互动。此外,在北部堤岸上建设一个主导地位是推动最近领土和基础设施发展的动力。因此,该建筑在城市中心部分的可能位置区域被确定和特征化,这些区域最接近伊热夫斯克的城市形成企业,也与池塘堤岸的休闲步行区相互连接。除了设计区域外,还分析了最近的基础设施和池塘堤岸区域的行人流量。
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引用次数: 0
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Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika
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