Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355199
Carsten Buschmann, D. Pfisterer, S. Fischer
Information about distances to other nodes in wireless sensor networks has proven advantageous not only for location discovery but is also helpful for context aware applications in general. In this paper we present a novel approach to distance estimation that does neither depend on special hardware nor on unreliable measurements of physical wireless communication properties. Instead, it is inspired by the observation that distant nodes have fewer neighbors in common than close ones and calculates distances from intersection cardinalities of sets of adjacent nodes. We discuss related work and present the new approach in detail including its mathematical foundations. A simulative performance analysis comprising different scenarios shows that our scheme yields competitive results.
{"title":"Estimating Distances Using Neighborhood Intersection","authors":"Carsten Buschmann, D. Pfisterer, S. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355199","url":null,"abstract":"Information about distances to other nodes in wireless sensor networks has proven advantageous not only for location discovery but is also helpful for context aware applications in general. In this paper we present a novel approach to distance estimation that does neither depend on special hardware nor on unreliable measurements of physical wireless communication properties. Instead, it is inspired by the observation that distant nodes have fewer neighbors in common than close ones and calculates distances from intersection cardinalities of sets of adjacent nodes. We discuss related work and present the new approach in detail including its mathematical foundations. A simulative performance analysis comprising different scenarios shows that our scheme yields competitive results.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131878222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355234
Anila Mjeda, B. Jackman, G. Leen
This paper proposes a user-friendly methodology to fine-tune a fuzzy controller that was initially designed for an electrical power steering (EPS) system. The suggested methodology takes on board and integrates existing approaches for training fuzzy controllers while incorporating a novel approach into optimizing the solution. While the mathematics involved are transparent to the user, the proposed methodology provides full visibility and control over the features being modified. Such an approach ensures that the automated training of the controller does not unintentionally override or inadvertently modify behaviours without the "approval" of the designer. Furthermore, the final version of the product remains easy to understand, which is an important consideration, if changes are needed at a later date.
{"title":"A proposed framework for fine-tuning/training a fuzzy controller","authors":"Anila Mjeda, B. Jackman, G. Leen","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355234","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a user-friendly methodology to fine-tune a fuzzy controller that was initially designed for an electrical power steering (EPS) system. The suggested methodology takes on board and integrates existing approaches for training fuzzy controllers while incorporating a novel approach into optimizing the solution. While the mathematics involved are transparent to the user, the proposed methodology provides full visibility and control over the features being modified. Such an approach ensures that the automated training of the controller does not unintentionally override or inadvertently modify behaviours without the \"approval\" of the designer. Furthermore, the final version of the product remains easy to understand, which is an important consideration, if changes are needed at a later date.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130397415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355433
P. Pena, J. Cury, S. Lafortune
This paper presents a variation of the methodology, established in a previous paper, to test a modular system for nonconflict using abstractions of its supervisors. In this work, information about the model and control structure of the system are used to derive a solution where some of the conditions established before are not required. The local modular approach is used to design the supervisors and supervisor reduction techniques are also used to help defining the set of events that are kept in the abstractions.
{"title":"New Results on Testing Modularity of Local Supervisors using Abstractions","authors":"P. Pena, J. Cury, S. Lafortune","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355433","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a variation of the methodology, established in a previous paper, to test a modular system for nonconflict using abstractions of its supervisors. In this work, information about the model and control structure of the system are used to derive a solution where some of the conditions established before are not required. The local modular approach is used to design the supervisors and supervisor reduction techniques are also used to help defining the set of events that are kept in the abstractions.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131621840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355409
M. Gericota, Luís F. Lemos, G. Alves, Mario M. Barbosa, J. Ferreira
To increase the amount of logic available to the users in SRAM-based FPGAs, manufacturers are using nanometric technologies to boost logic density and reduce costs, making its use more attractive. However, these technological improvements also make FPGAs particularly vulnerable to configuration memory bit-flips caused by power fluctuations, strong electromagnetic fields and radiation. This issue is particularly sensitive because of the increasing amount of configuration memory cells needed to define their functionality. A short survey of the most recent publications is presented to support the options assumed during the definition of a framework for implementing circuits immune to bit-flips induction mechanisms in memory cells, based on a customized redundant infrastructure and on a detection-and-fix controller.
{"title":"A Framework for Fault Tolerant Real Time Systems Based on Reconfigurable FPGAs","authors":"M. Gericota, Luís F. Lemos, G. Alves, Mario M. Barbosa, J. Ferreira","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355409","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the amount of logic available to the users in SRAM-based FPGAs, manufacturers are using nanometric technologies to boost logic density and reduce costs, making its use more attractive. However, these technological improvements also make FPGAs particularly vulnerable to configuration memory bit-flips caused by power fluctuations, strong electromagnetic fields and radiation. This issue is particularly sensitive because of the increasing amount of configuration memory cells needed to define their functionality. A short survey of the most recent publications is presented to support the options assumed during the definition of a framework for implementing circuits immune to bit-flips induction mechanisms in memory cells, based on a customized redundant infrastructure and on a detection-and-fix controller.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134018785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355419
A. Elia, L. Ferrarini, C. Veber
Most applications in industrial automation could be hazardous for people, plant and environment. Therefore it is necessary for related distributed control systems, implementing safety functions for such applications, to rely on a real-time and fault tolerant communication among all connected stations. To realise this objective, safety related networks should be realised using Ethernet-based protocols with additional layers involved to fulfill safety requisites. The paper investigates the state of art technology of Ethernet-based safe communication systems with special attention to functional safety network requirements defined by the IEC 61508, pointing out the problems and examining how these communication protocols satisfy the defined requirements.
{"title":"Analysis of Ethernet-based safe automation networks according to IEC 61508","authors":"A. Elia, L. Ferrarini, C. Veber","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355419","url":null,"abstract":"Most applications in industrial automation could be hazardous for people, plant and environment. Therefore it is necessary for related distributed control systems, implementing safety functions for such applications, to rely on a real-time and fault tolerant communication among all connected stations. To realise this objective, safety related networks should be realised using Ethernet-based protocols with additional layers involved to fulfill safety requisites. The paper investigates the state of art technology of Ethernet-based safe communication systems with special attention to functional safety network requirements defined by the IEC 61508, pointing out the problems and examining how these communication protocols satisfy the defined requirements.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134080181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355255
Luis Rubio, M. D. L. Sen, A. Ibeas
In this paper, a novel discrete-time model-reference based control of the tool-work-piece interaction force in a milling process has been designed. The novelty of the scheme relies on the use of a fractional order hold (FROH) instead of a ZOH to obtain the discrete model of the plant. The additional degree of freedom provided by the FROH allows improve the closed-loop behavior of the time-varying unknown system by an adequate selection of its gain, as simulation results have pointed out.
{"title":"Discrete-Time Model Reference Control of Milling Forces under Fractional Order Holds. Part II: Extensions to Adaptive Control","authors":"Luis Rubio, M. D. L. Sen, A. Ibeas","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355255","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel discrete-time model-reference based control of the tool-work-piece interaction force in a milling process has been designed. The novelty of the scheme relies on the use of a fractional order hold (FROH) instead of a ZOH to obtain the discrete model of the plant. The additional degree of freedom provided by the FROH allows improve the closed-loop behavior of the time-varying unknown system by an adequate selection of its gain, as simulation results have pointed out.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131988036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355354
A. Casavola, G. Franzé, M. Sorbara
In this paper we present a supervisory strategy for load/frequency control problems in networked multi-area power systems. The scheme consists of modifying the nominal frequency set-points and adjusting offsets on the nominal Automatic Load-Frequency Control (ALFC) laws of each area in order to avoid operative constraints violations in response to unexpected load changes and/or faults/failures. This aim is accomplished via a recent predictive control approach named Parameter Governor, which joins in a general framework Reference and Offset Governors actions. The effectiveness of the strategy is demonstrated on a two-area power system subject to coordination constraints on maximum frequency deviations and generated and distributed inter-area powers.
{"title":"Fault Tolerance Aspects in Networked Multi-area Power Systems","authors":"A. Casavola, G. Franzé, M. Sorbara","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355354","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a supervisory strategy for load/frequency control problems in networked multi-area power systems. The scheme consists of modifying the nominal frequency set-points and adjusting offsets on the nominal Automatic Load-Frequency Control (ALFC) laws of each area in order to avoid operative constraints violations in response to unexpected load changes and/or faults/failures. This aim is accomplished via a recent predictive control approach named Parameter Governor, which joins in a general framework Reference and Offset Governors actions. The effectiveness of the strategy is demonstrated on a two-area power system subject to coordination constraints on maximum frequency deviations and generated and distributed inter-area powers.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134049798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355398
V. Gilart-Iglesias, F. M. Pérez, F. J. Mora-Gimeno, J. Berná-Martínez
In the present paper we propose a method that permits visualization of manufacturing devices from a functional perspective. The aim of this method is to raise the abstraction level of manufacturing devices from the lower levels of production to the enterprise level of the business model. The target of this new approach is to integrate in a transparent way the resources, processes and, in general, the business logic of manufacturing levels using existing business models and achieving business continuity and process automation. The proposed method comprises two phases: the first phase that we have named industrial machinery normalization process; and the second phase that we have named manufacturing processes reorganization process. This paper focuses mainly on the former, i.e. specification of the hardware normalization and industrial machinery functionalities process.
{"title":"Normalization of Industrial Machinery with Embedded Devices and SOA","authors":"V. Gilart-Iglesias, F. M. Pérez, F. J. Mora-Gimeno, J. Berná-Martínez","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355398","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper we propose a method that permits visualization of manufacturing devices from a functional perspective. The aim of this method is to raise the abstraction level of manufacturing devices from the lower levels of production to the enterprise level of the business model. The target of this new approach is to integrate in a transparent way the resources, processes and, in general, the business logic of manufacturing levels using existing business models and achieving business continuity and process automation. The proposed method comprises two phases: the first phase that we have named industrial machinery normalization process; and the second phase that we have named manufacturing processes reorganization process. This paper focuses mainly on the former, i.e. specification of the hardware normalization and industrial machinery functionalities process.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133187799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355224
P. Santana, V. Santos, J. Barata
This paper describes the DSAAR architecture, which aims the fast development and prototyping of multi-robot systems and it is based on Linux inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms and multi-agent Jade software platform. This architecture is of special interest in domains where several heterogeneous actors have to interact both with and without realtime constraints. One of these domains is humanitarian demining, where technology transfer is also a requirement.
{"title":"DSAAR: A Distributed Software Architecture for Autonomous Robots","authors":"P. Santana, V. Santos, J. Barata","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the DSAAR architecture, which aims the fast development and prototyping of multi-robot systems and it is based on Linux inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms and multi-agent Jade software platform. This architecture is of special interest in domains where several heterogeneous actors have to interact both with and without realtime constraints. One of these domains is humanitarian demining, where technology transfer is also a requirement.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133355767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2006.355422
M. Colla, A. Brusaferri, E. Carpanzano
This paper presents a new execution model and a concrete application of the IEC 61499 standard in the larger context of a currently running European project, which seeks to preserve shoe-manufacturing activities in Europe through the development of advanced production systems. The present work summarizes an analysis of current practices and research activities in the domain of the design of distributed control systems, and proposes an original design framework made of existing and ad-hoc developed tools, and based on the IEC 61499 standard. As this standard does not prescribe any execution model, we suggest an innovative solution for the implementation level of such distributed control systems. At the end, we present the design choices and some experience gained using the IEC 61499 standard for the design of the automation system of a real plant.
{"title":"Applying the IEC-61499 Model to the Shoe Manufacturing Sector","authors":"M. Colla, A. Brusaferri, E. Carpanzano","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2006.355422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2006.355422","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new execution model and a concrete application of the IEC 61499 standard in the larger context of a currently running European project, which seeks to preserve shoe-manufacturing activities in Europe through the development of advanced production systems. The present work summarizes an analysis of current practices and research activities in the domain of the design of distributed control systems, and proposes an original design framework made of existing and ad-hoc developed tools, and based on the IEC 61499 standard. As this standard does not prescribe any execution model, we suggest an innovative solution for the implementation level of such distributed control systems. At the end, we present the design choices and some experience gained using the IEC 61499 standard for the design of the automation system of a real plant.","PeriodicalId":431393,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116672843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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