Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.5-18
Igor Štirn, Tjaša Brišnik, Frane Erčulj
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency and intensity of players' actions associated with jumping in the 3x3 basketball game, to compare these data between men's and women's teams, and to compare the data obtained with existing data from 5- on-5 basketball. Jumps during the five final games of the men's and women's national championship were recorded using the inertial measurement device VERT which was previously calibrated using force platform. The significance level set for the study was p ≤ 0.05. The number and height of jumps during the execution of jump shots from outside and inside the paint, lay -up shots, rebounds, and blocks were monitored. Female and male players performed 1.05 and 1.63 jumps per minute, respectively, in the 3x3 basketball game. For all jumps observed, the number of jumps was higher in males than in females, and the largest differences were found in jump shots inside the paint and jump when blocking (p < 0.05). The relative intensity of the jumps, expressed as a percentage of the maximum countermovement jump obtained before the play, showed that heights of just over 50% of the maximum were most common, except for the male players executing layup shots were the heights reached over 70% of the maximum. Comparing the results with previous studies, we summarize that the performance level of the athletes influences the frequency of actions. Low level teams executed fewer actions than high level teams, in parallel to their physical fitness.
{"title":"VERTICAL LOAD ASSESSMENT IN MEN AND WOMEN 3X3 BASKETBALL","authors":"Igor Štirn, Tjaša Brišnik, Frane Erčulj","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.5-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.5-18","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency and intensity of players' actions associated with jumping in the 3x3 basketball game, to compare these data between men's and women's teams, and to compare the data obtained with existing data from 5- on-5 basketball. Jumps during the five final games of the men's and women's national championship were recorded using the inertial measurement device VERT which was previously calibrated using force platform. The significance level set for the study was p ≤ 0.05. The number and height of jumps during the execution of jump shots from outside and inside the paint, lay -up shots, rebounds, and blocks were monitored. Female and male players performed 1.05 and 1.63 jumps per minute, respectively, in the 3x3 basketball game. For all jumps observed, the number of jumps was higher in males than in females, and the largest differences were found in jump shots inside the paint and jump when blocking (p < 0.05). The relative intensity of the jumps, expressed as a percentage of the maximum countermovement jump obtained before the play, showed that heights of just over 50% of the maximum were most common, except for the male players executing layup shots were the heights reached over 70% of the maximum. Comparing the results with previous studies, we summarize that the performance level of the athletes influences the frequency of actions. Low level teams executed fewer actions than high level teams, in parallel to their physical fitness.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46540671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.19-32
Filip Kojić, M. Marković, V. Živanović, D. Branković, Milos Obradovic, Sasa Duric
Although unstable strength training has gained popularity among athletes and the recreational population, there is scarce data regarding the applicability of this type of exercise program in school settings. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the implementation of an unstable surface strength exercise program in physical education would contribute to the improvement of physical fitness in 14-years students. A sample of 220 adolescents (112 girls) was randomly assigned to either the EXP (calisthenics exercise under unstable conditions) or the CON group (prescribed physical education strength exercise program). Before and after the 12- week period, upper-body isometric and repetitive strength were accessed using 4 motor tests. In addition, skinfold thickness (ST) was determined in subscapular, pectoral, and abdominal areas. Both groups improved strength performance (p < 0.01), with greater increase in EXP compared to CON for all motor tests (p < 0.01, ES = 0.21 – 0.45). Both groups decreased total, subscapular and abdominal ST (p < 0.05), with no significant effect of group. Unstable surface strength exercises are effective in improving physical abilities and should be included in the regular physical education curriculum.
{"title":"IMPLEMENTATION OF AN UNSTABLE SURFACE EXERCISE PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM: EFFECTS ON STRENGTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES","authors":"Filip Kojić, M. Marković, V. Živanović, D. Branković, Milos Obradovic, Sasa Duric","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.19-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.19-32","url":null,"abstract":"Although unstable strength training has gained popularity among athletes and the recreational population, there is scarce data regarding the applicability of this type of exercise program in school settings. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the implementation of an unstable surface strength exercise program in physical education would contribute to the improvement of physical fitness in 14-years students. A sample of 220 adolescents (112 girls) was randomly assigned to either the EXP (calisthenics exercise under unstable conditions) or the CON group (prescribed physical education strength exercise program). Before and after the 12- week period, upper-body isometric and repetitive strength were accessed using 4 motor tests. In addition, skinfold thickness (ST) was determined in subscapular, pectoral, and abdominal areas. Both groups improved strength performance (p < 0.01), with greater increase in EXP compared to CON for all motor tests (p < 0.01, ES = 0.21 – 0.45). Both groups decreased total, subscapular and abdominal ST (p < 0.05), with no significant effect of group. Unstable surface strength exercises are effective in improving physical abilities and should be included in the regular physical education curriculum.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45092157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.33-47
Vesna Štemberger, V. Petrić, T. Petrušič, Mira Metljak
Teaching physical education (PE) at a distance has been a major challenge for primary school teachers because younger students are not yet able to use Information Communication Technology (ICT) independently and their concentration is lower. In order to maintain the development of student's motor skills, it was very important to incorporate various PE games into all distance learning lessons. The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary school teachers conduct PE classes at all in the context of distance education and what constraints and challenges they encounter. The sample included 181 primary school teachers. For data collection, we used a questionnaire prepared and used for the analysis of teaching during the first declared epidemic in Slovenia in March 2020. The data were collected between January 15 and February 15, 2021. The results showed that teachers mostly taught the content of hiking, natural forms of movement, dance, and athletics. Dance was taught by more teachers teaching grades 1 to 3 (x2 = 4.731; g = 1; p = 0.030), and Theoretical Content was taught by more teachers teaching grades 4 to 6 (x2 = 19.434; g = 1; p < 0.001). The most common problem in distance education in PE was technological problems and students' lack of knowledge in using ICT. Compared to teachers with fewer years of service, teachers with the most years of service had the most difficulty providing assistive instructional technology (p = 0.001) and knowledge of using digital tools (p = 0.015; p = 0.31).
{"title":"EXPERIENCES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS WITH DISTANCE TEACHING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION","authors":"Vesna Štemberger, V. Petrić, T. Petrušič, Mira Metljak","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.33-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.33-47","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching physical education (PE) at a distance has been a major challenge for primary school teachers because younger students are not yet able to use Information Communication Technology (ICT) independently and their concentration is lower. In order to maintain the development of student's motor skills, it was very important to incorporate various PE games into all distance learning lessons. The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary school teachers conduct PE classes at all in the context of distance education and what constraints and challenges they encounter. The sample included 181 primary school teachers. For data collection, we used a questionnaire prepared and used for the analysis of teaching during the first declared epidemic in Slovenia in March 2020. The data were collected between January 15 and February 15, 2021. The results showed that teachers mostly taught the content of hiking, natural forms of movement, dance, and athletics. Dance was taught by more teachers teaching grades 1 to 3 (x2 = 4.731; g = 1; p = 0.030), and Theoretical Content was taught by more teachers teaching grades 4 to 6 (x2 = 19.434; g = 1; p < 0.001). The most common problem in distance education in PE was technological problems and students' lack of knowledge in using ICT. Compared to teachers with fewer years of service, teachers with the most years of service had the most difficulty providing assistive instructional technology (p = 0.001) and knowledge of using digital tools (p = 0.015; p = 0.31).","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42159754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.169-178
Kübra Altunsoy, Yılmaz Uçan, F. Clemente, Mustafa Söğüt
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week aerobic and combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) modalities on body composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in sedentary young adults. Twenty-two physically inactive females (20.9 ± 1.6 years) were recruited to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: aerobic exercise group (AEG), combined exercise group (CEG), and control group (CG). The training programs were performed three times a week. The body fat percentage was assessed by the bioelectrical impedance method. The RMR was determined via indirect calorimetry. Within-group analysis revealed no significant differences in body mass index and body fat percentage considering the three groups. However, both training groups increased their RMR significantly (AEG: 12.3%, p= 0.017; CEG: 9.7%, p= 0.043). No significant difference was observed in CG for the RMR. Between-group analysis revealed that participating in aerobic training induced slightly better (but insignificant) improvements in all measures compared to combine training. In conclusion, the results of the study highlighted the positive influences of both aerobic and combine training interventions on the RMR in sedentary female young adults compared to controls.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF AEROBIC AND COMBINED EXERCISE PROGRAMS ON BODY COMPOSITION AND RESTING METABOLIC RATE IN YOUNG ADULTS","authors":"Kübra Altunsoy, Yılmaz Uçan, F. Clemente, Mustafa Söğüt","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.169-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.169-178","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week aerobic and combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) modalities on body composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in sedentary young adults. Twenty-two physically inactive females (20.9 ± 1.6 years) were recruited to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: aerobic exercise group (AEG), combined exercise group (CEG), and control group (CG). The training programs were performed three times a week. The body fat percentage was assessed by the bioelectrical impedance method. The RMR was determined via indirect calorimetry. Within-group analysis revealed no significant differences in body mass index and body fat percentage considering the three groups. However, both training groups increased their RMR significantly (AEG: 12.3%, p= 0.017; CEG: 9.7%, p= 0.043). No significant difference was observed in CG for the RMR. Between-group analysis revealed that participating in aerobic training induced slightly better (but insignificant) improvements in all measures compared to combine training. In conclusion, the results of the study highlighted the positive influences of both aerobic and combine training interventions on the RMR in sedentary female young adults compared to controls.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45308784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.156-168
A. Dağ, M. Özçelik, Fulya Çelebi, D. Aras, N. Toktaş
The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between ranking of success and match analysis parameters, and to develop a regression formula to understand the effectiveness of these parameters on league score in the season of 2018- 2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. A total of 306 competitions in the league consisting of 18 teams in the season of 2018-2019 were examined. The parameters used in the current research were total, high intensity, and sprint running distances with or without ball, number of successful shots and passes, ball possessions in the first, second and third regions, and points earned at the end of the season. In accordance with the findings, the most related parameters to the league score were total running distance with ball, and the number of successful shots and passes p<0.01) and high intensity running distance with or without ball, sprint running distance, successful passes, and shots were mostly seen in the third region in the season of 2018-2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. The multivariate linear regression analysis F(7,10)=6.05, p=0.0058 was found statistically significant, and showed that 68 % of the variance in the dependent variable (R2 adjusted=0.68) was explained by the ratio of high intensity running distance with ball to high intensity running distance, sprint distance with ball to sprint distance, and the number successful shots and passes. Future studies may also examine the match location, defensive parameters, opposing teams, and other match analysis parameters.
{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MATCH ANALYSIS RESULTS AND RANKING OF SUCCESS IN TURKISH SPOR TOTO FOOTBALL SUPER LEAGUE","authors":"A. Dağ, M. Özçelik, Fulya Çelebi, D. Aras, N. Toktaş","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.156-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.156-168","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between ranking of success and match analysis parameters, and to develop a regression formula to understand the effectiveness of these parameters on league score in the season of 2018- 2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. A total of 306 competitions in the league consisting of 18 teams in the season of 2018-2019 were examined. The parameters used in the current research were total, high intensity, and sprint running distances with or without ball, number of successful shots and passes, ball possessions in the first, second and third regions, and points earned at the end of the season. In accordance with the findings, the most related parameters to the league score were total running distance with ball, and the number of successful shots and passes p<0.01) and high intensity running distance with or without ball, sprint running distance, successful passes, and shots were mostly seen in the third region in the season of 2018-2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. The multivariate linear regression analysis F(7,10)=6.05, p=0.0058 was found statistically significant, and showed that 68 % of the variance in the dependent variable (R2 adjusted=0.68) was explained by the ratio of high intensity running distance with ball to high intensity running distance, sprint distance with ball to sprint distance, and the number successful shots and passes. Future studies may also examine the match location, defensive parameters, opposing teams, and other match analysis parameters.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45505189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.60-71
Zübeyde Aslankeser, B. Ceylan, S. Revan
The literature has revealed that knee injuries are the most common injury among basketball players. The strength ratios dominant/non-dominant and posterior-anterior around the knee joint are used to evaluate strength balances. But there has been far less research published about strength evaluation in professional-level basketball. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to compare hamstring and quadriceps muscles’ strength values during concentric knee extension and flexion at different angular velocities at professional level basketballers, (ii) to determine dominant and non-dominant strength values during these contractions. 13 professional male basketball athletes voluntarily participated in the study. The leg strength was evaluated with an isokinetic dynamometer at 240- 180-120-600 /s angular velocities. The hamstring and quadriceps unilateral peak torque ratio (H/Q) and dominant non-dominant strength ratio were calculated. The independent t-test was computed to bilateral and unilateral strength outputs. There was no statistically significant difference between dominant and non-dominant strength values at peak torque, normalized peak torque, and H/Q at all angular velocities. Relative peak torque outputs in both legs were similar at all angular velocities. Also, the H/Q was calculated as ≥0.60 in all velocities. The results of this study suggest there were not any significant differences in the unilateral and bilateral evaluations of professional basketballers. These nonsignificant differences could be related to the necessity to maintain similar strength of two legs.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF DOMINANT AND NONDOMINANT LEG STRENGTH AND HAMSTRING: QUADRICEPS RATIO IN PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL PLAYERS","authors":"Zübeyde Aslankeser, B. Ceylan, S. Revan","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.60-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.60-71","url":null,"abstract":"The literature has revealed that knee injuries are the most common injury among basketball players. The strength ratios dominant/non-dominant and posterior-anterior around the knee joint are used to evaluate strength balances. But there has been far less research published about strength evaluation in professional-level basketball. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to compare hamstring and quadriceps muscles’ strength values during concentric knee extension and flexion at different angular velocities at professional level basketballers, (ii) to determine dominant and non-dominant strength values during these contractions. 13 professional male basketball athletes voluntarily participated in the study. The leg strength was evaluated with an isokinetic dynamometer at 240- 180-120-600 /s angular velocities. The hamstring and quadriceps unilateral peak torque ratio (H/Q) and dominant non-dominant strength ratio were calculated. The independent t-test was computed to bilateral and unilateral strength outputs. There was no statistically significant difference between dominant and non-dominant strength values at peak torque, normalized peak torque, and H/Q at all angular velocities. Relative peak torque outputs in both legs were similar at all angular velocities. Also, the H/Q was calculated as ≥0.60 in all velocities. The results of this study suggest there were not any significant differences in the unilateral and bilateral evaluations of professional basketballers. These nonsignificant differences could be related to the necessity to maintain similar strength of two legs.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43365533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.28.1.108-121
Anıl Özüdoğru, Mehmet Canlı, Satuk Buğrahan Yinanç
Although it is known that physical fitness in children has an effect on cognitive functions, the relationship between physical fitness and attention levels is unknown in children who do regular sports. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and attention level in children aged 7-12 who do sports and to compare it with children who do not do sports. 55 athletes (25 boys; 30 girls) and 55 non-athletes (26 boys; 29 girls) participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 11.63±0.77, respectively; 11.80±0.67 years. Children participating in the study were divided into 2 groups as athletes and non-athletes. Physical fitness levels of the children were evaluated with the Eurofit Test Battery. Attention levels were determined using the Bourdon Attention Test (BAT). When the two groups were compared in terms of physical fitness parameters and attention levels, significant difference was found in favor of the athlete (p0.05). As a result of our study, it was found that the attention levels were more developed in athlete children with higher physical fitness parameters. Considering that attention deficit has an important place today, we suggest that children with attention deficit should be directed to sports activities and included in attention deficit treatments.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ATTENTION LEVELS IN ATHLETE CHILDREN","authors":"Anıl Özüdoğru, Mehmet Canlı, Satuk Buğrahan Yinanç","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.28.1.108-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.28.1.108-121","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is known that physical fitness in children has an effect on cognitive functions, the relationship between physical fitness and attention levels is unknown in children who do regular sports. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and attention level in children aged 7-12 who do sports and to compare it with children who do not do sports. 55 athletes (25 boys; 30 girls) and 55 non-athletes (26 boys; 29 girls) participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 11.63±0.77, respectively; 11.80±0.67 years. Children participating in the study were divided into 2 groups as athletes and non-athletes. Physical fitness levels of the children were evaluated with the Eurofit Test Battery. Attention levels were determined using the Bourdon Attention Test (BAT). When the two groups were compared in terms of physical fitness parameters and attention levels, significant difference was found in favor of the athlete (p0.05). As a result of our study, it was found that the attention levels were more developed in athlete children with higher physical fitness parameters. Considering that attention deficit has an important place today, we suggest that children with attention deficit should be directed to sports activities and included in attention deficit treatments.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45156701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.83-94
Vojko Vučković
The fitness center industry is growing year after year and marketing is becoming more challenging. Especially in recent years, when communication is shifting to digital channels. We have reviewed all research resources that have studied the relationships between digital marketing, branding and sales in the fitness industry from 2010 to 2020. Three different databases (Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Ebscohost) and grey literature identified 482 potential articles, of which 28 were relevant. We found researchers strongly recommend fitness centres use digital channels and social networks to communicate with their members. The researchers cited Facebook as a great way to create value for the fitness centre brand and indirectly increase the chances of buying fitness memberships. Instagram has a similar effect, with the fitness industry primarily advising to engage with influencers. Marketing through digital channels and technology innovations greatly contributes to branding and the sales of fitness services, so fitness centres should integrate digital marketing as a key part of marketing activities.
{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MODERN FORMS OF MARKETING, BRANDING, AND SALES IN THE FITNESS INDUSTRY","authors":"Vojko Vučković","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.27.3.83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.27.3.83-94","url":null,"abstract":"The fitness center industry is growing year after year and marketing is becoming more challenging. Especially in recent years, when communication is shifting to digital channels. We have reviewed all research resources that have studied the relationships between digital marketing, branding and sales in the fitness industry from 2010 to 2020. Three different databases (Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Ebscohost) and grey literature identified 482 potential articles, of which 28 were relevant. We found researchers strongly recommend fitness centres use digital channels and social networks to communicate with their members. The researchers cited Facebook as a great way to create value for the fitness centre brand and indirectly increase the chances of buying fitness memberships. Instagram has a similar effect, with the fitness industry primarily advising to engage with influencers. Marketing through digital channels and technology innovations greatly contributes to branding and the sales of fitness services, so fitness centres should integrate digital marketing as a key part of marketing activities.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49232933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.57-69
F. S. Cinarli, M. E. Kafkas, A. R. Soylu, Nur Cansu Yılmaz
The parallel bar dip is one of the most commonly used calisthenic exercises. However, a recommended elbow angle in terms of activation patterns has not yet been studied. The aim of this study is to examine the activation values of the pectoralis major and triceps muscle groups during parallel bar dip at different elbow angles. Ten male volunteers (age: 25.1 ± 3.9 years) with regular exercise habits participated in the study. During the parallel bar dip, the pectoralis major, lateral triceps and long triceps muscles were examined at elbow angles of 75°, 85° and 95°. The movement was standardized using the metronome (60 beats.min-1) and evaluated in three phases (eccentric = 2 seconds, isometric = 1 seconds, concentric = 2 seconds). There was no statistically significant difference between the angles for pectoralis major (p>0.05). Significant differences were observed in triceps muscle groups, especially in favor of 75° in the isometric phase (p<0.05). The greatest activation in terms of phases was seen in concentric contraction for all muscles. This research has shown that the reduction of the elbow flexion angle has a positive effect on the activation of triceps muscle group. However, since there are some methodological limitations (such as biomechanical markers), it can be said that future research should improve these findings.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ELBOW ANGLE ON TRICEPS BRACHII AND PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING PARALLEL BAR DIP","authors":"F. S. Cinarli, M. E. Kafkas, A. R. Soylu, Nur Cansu Yılmaz","doi":"10.52165/kinsi.27.3.57-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.27.3.57-69","url":null,"abstract":"The parallel bar dip is one of the most commonly used calisthenic exercises. However, a recommended elbow angle in terms of activation patterns has not yet been studied. The aim of this study is to examine the activation values of the pectoralis major and triceps muscle groups during parallel bar dip at different elbow angles. Ten male volunteers (age: 25.1 ± 3.9 years) with regular exercise habits participated in the study. During the parallel bar dip, the pectoralis major, lateral triceps and long triceps muscles were examined at elbow angles of 75°, 85° and 95°. The movement was standardized using the metronome (60 beats.min-1) and evaluated in three phases (eccentric = 2 seconds, isometric = 1 seconds, concentric = 2 seconds). There was no statistically significant difference between the angles for pectoralis major (p>0.05). Significant differences were observed in triceps muscle groups, especially in favor of 75° in the isometric phase (p<0.05). The greatest activation in terms of phases was seen in concentric contraction for all muscles. This research has shown that the reduction of the elbow flexion angle has a positive effect on the activation of triceps muscle group. However, since there are some methodological limitations (such as biomechanical markers), it can be said that future research should improve these findings.","PeriodicalId":43206,"journal":{"name":"Kinesiologia Slovenica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49219414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.36-47
B. Masanovic, D. Bjelica, S. Popović, J. Gardašević
The aim of this research was to examine the body height of Montenegrin adults - students of the University of Montenegro of both sexes, and the foot length which was used as an alternative to estimating the body height. The nature and scope of this study was to analyze 713 individuals (370 men, aged 21.78±2.13 and 343 women, aged 21.01±1.57). The protocol of the ISAK was used for anthropometric measurements. Means and standard deviations were obtained. The t-test was used to compare the means of foot lengths and body heights between the sexes. The relationship between body heights and foot lengths was determined by using simple correlation coefficients and their 95% confidence interval. A linear regression analysis was then performed to examine the extent to which foot length can be a reliable predictor body height. The results have shown that Montenegrin males are 183.23±7.16 centimeters tall and have a foot length of 26.85±1.55 centimeters, and Montenegrin females are 168.38±6.78 centimeters tall and have a foot length of 24.13±1.29 centimeters. In accordance with previous studies, it has been confirmed that Montenegrin adults are the second highest nation in Europe, with both sexes. It was also confirmed that foot length reliably predicts body height for both sexes.
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