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RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE WORKLOAD OF A FEMALE TENNIS PLAYER OVER TWO SEASONS - SINGE CASE STUDY 对一名女子网球运动员两个赛季的负荷进行回顾性研究-单例研究
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-12-29 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.21-35
Tjasa Filipcic, A. Filipcic
In recent years, the use of advanced wearable technologies in tennis has improved the ability to monitor workload and performance indicators. Using the device Armbeep Tennis, attached to the wrist of an entry level female tennis player, we recorded 97% of the tennis training and all official matches over two annual competitive seasons. The aim of the study was to determine the variation of different workload indicators during the preparation and competition phases in one annual season and to compare the workload indicators between the two seasons. We found no significant differences in the results of the training, tournament, and performance indicators between the two seasons. Our tennis player trained more on average in the second year (Y1 = 90.9 min, Y2 = 97.5 min) and the percentage of active time was also higher (Y1 = 30.6%, Y2 = 32.4%). A higher number of shots per week (Y1 = 3109.1, Y2 = 2869.4) was observed in the first year, while the number of shots per hour was higher in the second year (Y1 =420.6, Y2 = 430.1). The pace of the rally was higher in the first year (Y1 = 24.6, Y2 = 23.4). The differences between the other workload indicators were not significant in the two years. This single case study provides good insight into the overall progression of training and competition over two annual seasons and can serve as a basis for determining workload indicators for novice tennis players or those just embarking on this path.
近年来,先进的可穿戴技术在网球运动中的应用提高了监测工作量和表现指标的能力。使用安装在一名入门级女子网球运动员手腕上的Armbeep Tennis设备,我们记录了两个年度比赛赛季97%的网球训练和所有正式比赛。这项研究的目的是确定一个年度赛季的准备和比赛阶段不同工作量指标的变化,并比较两个赛季的工作量指标。我们发现两个赛季的训练、比赛和表现指标没有显著差异。我们的网球运动员在第二年的平均训练次数更多(Y1=90.9分钟,Y2=97.5分钟),活动时间的百分比也更高(Y1=30.6%,Y2=32.4%),而第二年的每小时注射次数更高(Y1=420.6,Y2=430.1)。第一年的反弹速度更高(Y2=23.4)。其他工作量指标之间的差异在两年内并不显著。这项单一案例研究对两个年度赛季的训练和比赛的总体进展提供了很好的见解,可以作为确定网球新手或刚开始这条道路的人工作量指标的基础。
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引用次数: 1
INVESTIGATION ON SELF-EFFICACY ON JOB SATISFACTION OF SOCCER REFEREES 足球裁判工作满意度的自我效能感调查
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-12-29 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.70-82
A. Y. Karafil, Mehmet H. Akgül
Referees assume a similar role with the players for the purpose of successfully finalizing a sports competition/match. Majority of the current studies have focused on the players/athletes’ role whilst the number of studies investigating the performance of the referees who manage the match/competition is relatively few. This study aimed to reveal whether professional self-efficacy, which is considered to be a significant predictor on the job satisfaction of referees, has an effect therein. The participants of the research comprise of 204 soccer referees assigned in different classifications. The referee self-efficacy scale (REFS) and a job satisfaction scale for the referees were used as instruments of collecting research data. The analysis of whether the research data were distributed normally or not is followed by the data analysis process. After determining that the data exhibited a normal distribution, parametric tests were performed. A path analysis was performed using the independent sample t-test for two independent variables, one-way variance (Anova) for more than two independent variables, the pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables and the AMOS program is used in order to evaluate the hypotheses developed within the scope of the research. In line with the findings obtained, a positive significant relationship was identified between the self-efficacy and the job satisfaction of the referees (p<0.01). ). In addition, significant differences were identified as a result of binary and multiple comparisons performed within the context of the research variables (p<0.05). Accordingly, the self-efficacy of the referees was found to have a significant effect on their job satisfaction (p<0.01).
为了成功完成体育比赛/比赛,裁判与球员扮演着类似的角色。目前的大多数研究都集中在球员/运动员的角色上,而调查管理比赛/比赛的裁判表现的研究数量相对较少。本研究旨在揭示职业自我效能感(被认为是裁判工作满意度的重要预测因素)是否对其产生影响。这项研究的参与者包括204名不同级别的足球裁判。裁判自我效能感量表(REFS)和裁判工作满意度量表被用作收集研究数据的工具。分析研究数据是否正常分布之后是数据分析过程。在确定数据呈现正态分布后,进行参数测试。使用两个自变量的独立样本t检验、两个以上自变量的单向方差(Anova)进行路径分析,使用皮尔逊相关分析来确定变量之间的关系,并使用AMOS程序来评估研究范围内提出的假设。与研究结果一致,裁判的自我效能感和工作满意度之间存在显著正相关(p<0.01)。此外,在研究变量的背景下进行的二元和多重比较发现了显著差异(p<0.05)。因此,裁判的自我效能感对他们的工作满意度有显著影响(p<0.01)。
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引用次数: 0
INTER-RATER RELIABILITY OF CERTAIN PARAMETERS OF BASKETBALL JUMP SHOT 篮球跳投若干参数的信度分析
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-12-29 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.5-20
Frane Erčulj, Marko Marković, B. Leskosek, M. Supej
in sport training practice. The aim of this study was to establish whether basketball coaches are capable of uniformly (congruently) evaluating the release time, release angle, ball rotation and overall correctness of a jump shot by observing it with the naked eye. The study included a sample of 13 coaches (six with more and seven with less experience) whose task was to evaluate basketball jump shots made by young basketball players aged 15.1 (± 0.75) years on average from a distance of 4.5 m. The values of Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multiple correlation coefficients (generally above 0.7) as well as Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (above 0.9) and Kendall’s W coefficients of concordance (mostly below 0.1) show a high level of uniformity and congruence in the evaluations of the quality (correctness) of a shots as a whole and also individual shot parameters. Quite a lower level of uniformity and congruence can be established in the evaluations of the consistency of individual parameters. This applies to both groups of more experienced and less experienced coaches (raters). The results allowed an assessment that the levels of reliability of the evaluation of the group of at least six raters are appropriate for scientific research. Given the low values of the ICC (Inter Class Correlations), only equalling about 0.6, we can say that only one rater did not meet the scientific evaluation criteria.
在运动训练实践中。本研究的目的是确定篮球教练是否能够通过肉眼观察来统一(一致)评估跳投的释放时间、释放角度、球的旋转和整体正确性。这项研究包括13名教练(6名经验丰富,7名经验不足)的样本,他们的任务是评估平均15.1(±0.75)岁的年轻篮球运动员在4.5米的距离内进行的篮球跳投。Pearson的相关系数和多重相关系数(通常高于0.7)以及Cronbach的α系数(高于0.9)和Kendall的W一致性系数(大多低于0.1)的值显示出在对整个镜头以及单个镜头参数的质量(正确性)的评估中的高水平的一致性和一致性。在评估单个参数的一致性时,可以建立相当低水平的一致性和一致性。这适用于经验丰富和经验不足的教练组(评分员)。结果表明,对至少六名评分者进行的评估的可靠性水平适合科学研究。考虑到ICC(类间相关性)的低值,仅等于约0.6,我们可以说只有一个评分者不符合科学评估标准。
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引用次数: 0
COMPARISON OF ANKLE DORSIFLEXION INCLOSED KINEMATIC CHAIN OF FOOTBALLPLAYERS AND ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS 足球运动员与冰球运动员踝关节背屈闭合运动链的比较
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.3.48-56
Limitation in ankle dorsiflexion is associated withthe development of injury to the musculoskeletalsystem. However, little is known about the impact ofdifferent sports disciplines on the dorsiflexion rangeof motion in the ankle joint. Therefore, the aim of thestudy is to compare the dorsiflexion range of motionof ice hockey players and football players. Thesample included 26 professional football playerswith an average age of 22.46 (± 3.75). The controlgroup included 37 professional ice hockey playerswith an average age of 24.62 (± 4.34). The range ofmotion of ankle dorsiflexion in closed kinematicchain was tested using a mobile phone application.The mean ankle dorsiflexion range of motion infootball players was 41.40° (± 5.36) at the right anklejoint and 45° (± 5.91) at the left ankle joint. Themean ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in footballplayers was 42.49° (± 6.92) in the right ankle jointand 45.92° (± 5.45) in the left ankle joint. The rangesof motion of the dorsiflexion of the right ankle (p<0.016) and the dorsiflexion of the left ankle (p –0.031) ranges of motion in ice hockey players weresignificantly higher compared to football players.The average ankle dorsiflexion range of motion inthe closed kinematic chain of ice hockey players wassignificantly higher compared to football players
踝关节背屈受限与肌肉骨骼系统损伤的发展有关。然而,人们对不同运动项目对踝关节背屈运动范围的影响知之甚少。因此,本研究的目的是比较冰球运动员和足球运动员的背屈运动范围。样本包括26名平均年龄为22.46(±3.75)的职业足球运动员。对照组包括37名平均年龄24.62(±4.34)的职业冰球运动员。信息球运动员的平均踝关节背屈范围在右脚踝关节为41.40°(±5.36),在左脚踝关节为45°(±5.91)。足球运动员平均踝关节背屈活动范围右脚踝关节为42.49°(±6.92),左脚踝关节为45.92°(±5.45)。与足球运动员相比,冰球运动员的右脚踝背屈运动范围(p<0.016)和左脚踝背屈(p–0.031)明显更高。冰球运动员在闭合运动链中的平均踝关节背屈运动范围明显高于足球运动员
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引用次数: 1
TEACHERS' BELIEFS REGARDING TEACHING STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION 体育教学中教师对视障学生教学的看法
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.143-154
Tjasa Filipcic, Maja Burin, B. Leskosek
The purpose of a present study was to investigate the professional beliefs of Slovenian physical education teachers regarding the teaching of students with visual impairments in physical education. A selfadministered questionnaire was designed to examine teachers’beliefs. Participants, 131 Slovenian PE teachers, rated their professional beliefs on a fivepoint Likert scale. A factor analysis was conducted to examine the internal structure of the belief field. The results show that self-perceptions of their beliefs were complex and consisted of 7 factors, which together explained 33.7% of the cumulative variance. Teachers strongly believe that vocal information, colourful sports equipment, and tactical guides enable students with visual impairment to participate in physical education. Adapted methods, safety measures, and learning support assistants are also important, as is a positive attitude toward inclusion. The findings of the present study need to be incorporated into the future updating of PE teacher training programmes for teaching students with visual impairments.
本研究的目的是调查斯洛文尼亚体育教师在体育教学中对视障学生的专业信念。设计了一份自行填写的问卷来检验教师的信念。参与者是131名斯洛文尼亚体育教师,他们用李克特五分制给自己的职业信念打分。对信念场的内部结构进行了因子分析。结果表明,大学生对信念的自我认知是复杂的,由7个因素组成,这些因素共同解释了33.7%的累积方差。老师们坚信,声音信息、丰富多彩的运动器材和战术指导能让视障学生参与到体育教学中来。适应的方法、安全措施和学习支持助手也很重要,对包容的积极态度也很重要。本研究的结果需要纳入未来更新的体育教师培训计划,以教授视障学生。
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引用次数: 0
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC; ANALYSIS OF CHANGES AND CORRELATES IN CROATIAN ADOLESCENTS 新冠肺炎大流行前和期间的体育活动;克罗地亚青少年的变化及其相关性分析
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.5-17
Mateo Mateo Blazevic, B. Gilić, Ivan Peric, D. Sekulić
The COVID-19 pandemic affected the changes in physical activity levels (PAL). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlates of PAL during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents. This research included 209 adolescents aged 15-17 years from Croatia (89 boys, 120 girls). They were tested on anthropometrics, and fitness status (predictors). The fitness status was assessed before lockdown and included test of running 6 minutes (F6), jump rope, and sprint 100 meters. The PAL (assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents) was evidenced before- and during-lockdown and was observed as criteria. Changes in PAL between baseline and follow-up were evidenced by t-test for dependent samples. Associations between the fitness and anthropometric variables and PAL were evidenced by univariate and multivariate analyses. The PAL decreased significantly as a result of lockdown (t-test =3.46, p<0.001). In the total sample, significant correlations were found between aerobic endurance and sprinting, and baseline PAL (r=0.37; r=-0.32, respectively), aerobic endurance and follow-up PAL (r=0.34), sprint 100m and baseline to follow-up difference in PAL (r=-0.23). When gender stratified, correlations were significant only for boys. Better aerobic endurance determined baseline PAL, better sprint determined greater PAL decline as a result of lockdown. Results evidenced specific correlates of PAL before and during pandemic. Future studies investigating other correlates of PAL are warranted, to create interventions for maintaining adequate PAL during COVID-19 and similar crises.
新冠肺炎大流行影响了体力活动水平(PAL)的变化。本研究的目的是确定新冠肺炎大流行期间青少年PAL的相关性。这项研究包括209名来自克罗地亚的15-17岁青少年(89名男孩,120名女孩)。他们在人体测量和健康状况(预测因素)方面进行了测试。在封锁前对健康状况进行了评估,包括跑步6分钟(F6)、跳绳和短跑100米的测试。PAL(通过青少年体育活动问卷评估)在封锁前和封锁期间得到了证明,并作为标准进行了观察。依赖性样本的t检验证明基线和随访之间PAL的变化。单变量和多变量分析证明了适合度和人体测量变量与PAL之间的相关性。由于封锁,PAL显著下降(t检验=3.46,p<0.001)。在总样本中,有氧耐力与短跑、基线PAL(分别为0.37;r=-0.32)、有氧耐力和随访PAL(r=0.34)、短跑100米和基线与随访PAL差异(r=-0.23)之间存在显著相关性,相关性仅在男孩中显著。更好的有氧耐力决定了基线PAL,更好的短跑决定了封锁导致的PAL下降幅度更大。结果证明,在大流行之前和期间PAL具有特定相关性。未来有必要对PAL的其他相关性进行研究,以制定干预措施,在新冠肺炎和类似危机期间维持足够的PAL。
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引用次数: 2
ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE LARGEST MUNICIPALITY IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA 前南斯拉夫最大城市青少年营养状况和身体成分分析
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.135-138
Pavle +Malovic
Dear Editor-in-Chief, Obesity is characterized as one of the leading health problems facing modern society, and scientific technological advancements has led to constant progression in body mass of many of young people (Thun, Apicella, & Henley, 2000;Bukara - Radujkovic, & Zdravkovic, 2009). First sub-sample of the examinees consisted of 63 boys, while the second sub-sample consisted of 69 girls. According to research so far, the normal value of V.F.A. for ages 10 to 15 is set at 68.57 cm2 for both genders (Lee, Park, & Yum, 2012), and the normal level range is set from 1 to 9.
尊敬的主编,肥胖是现代社会面临的主要健康问题之一,科学技术的进步导致许多年轻人的体重不断增加(Thun,Apicella,&Henley,2000;Bukara-Radujkovic和Zdravkovic,2009年)。考生的第一个子样本由63名男孩组成,而第二个子样本由69名女孩组成。根据迄今为止的研究,10至15岁的男女的V.F.A.正常值均为68.57 cm2(Lee,Park,&Yum,2012),正常水平范围为1至9。
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引用次数: 0
SELF-REPORTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN WESTERN SLOVENIAN NURSING HOMES: A QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED APPROACH 斯洛文尼亚西部养老院老年居民自我报告的体育活动:基于问卷的方法
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.31-39
Martin Šporin, Dorjana Zerbo Šporin
The number of older people (65+ years) in the European Union is expected to reach 130 million by 2050. Regular physical activity has considerable benefits for health and physical functioning in the elderly population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the amount and intensity of self-reported physical activity expressed as energy consumption in a sample of 131 older individuals (aged 83.8 ± 7.6 years, 69% women) living in nursing homes by using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. 109 participants reported to perform leisure time physical activity. Only 7.6% of them fulfilled the criteria for low physical activity proposed by Fried et al. (2001). The median energy expenditure (168.5 (IRQ=128.6) kcal/day) also exceeded the cut-off points for low activity. 54% of the participants stated that they perform the so-called heavy physical activity determined in a questionnaire with an intensity code 6 kcal/min or above. The questionnaire-based findings regarding physical activity in nursing homes are in terms of frailty encouraging but they should be verified against a more objective method for physical activity evaluation such as the use of accelerometers.
到2050年,欧盟的老年人(65岁以上)预计将达到1.3亿。有规律的体育活动对老年人的健康和身体机能有很大的好处。本研究的目的是通过使用明尼苏达州休闲时间体力活动问卷,评估131名居住在养老院的老年人(年龄83.8±7.6岁,69%为女性)的自我报告体力活动的量和强度,以能量消耗表示。109名参与者报告进行了休闲体育活动。只有7.6%的人符合Fried等人提出的低体力活动标准。(2001)。能量消耗中位数(168.5(IRQ=128.6)kcal/天)也超过了低活动的临界点。54%的参与者表示,他们进行了所谓的剧烈体力活动,该活动在一份问卷中确定,强度代码为6 kcal/min或以上。基于问卷的关于养老院体育活动的调查结果是令人虚弱的,但应根据更客观的体育活动评估方法(如使用加速度计)进行验证。
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引用次数: 0
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DUAL CAREER AND THE MEDIA – A SCOPING LITERATURE REVIEW 双重职业与媒体的关系&范围界定文献综述
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.84-98
Kaja Poteko, L. Capranica, Mojca Doupona
This paper starts from the recognition that the media plays an important role in the context of dual career (DC) and seeks to establish the starting points and foundations for further research through a scoping review of the existing academic literature dealing with the relationship between DC and the media. 14 scholarly articles are analysed in more detail and classified into three basic groups according to their main focus: (1) media representations, (2) media consumption, and (3) social media. The analysis of the articles in the first group problematizes one-sided media coverage that emphasizes the sports context but neglects all others, and draws attention to comprehensive and multi-layered media representations. The media consumption group highlights specific media functions that are useful at the level of understanding and decision-making regarding the promotion of DC. The articles in the third group highlight the mechanisms and techniques of effective communication in social media, taking into account the aspect of content co-creation and interactivity. The overview can be seen as a foundation from which we can draw in further efforts to raise awareness of the concept of DC through the media, just as it can serve as a base from which we can continue to think about the connection between DC and the media and the useful potentials that the media can offer to DC.
本文首先认识到媒体在双重职业(DC)背景下发挥着重要作用,并试图通过对处理DC与媒体之间关系的现有学术文献的范围审查,为进一步研究奠定起点和基础。对14篇学术文章进行了更详细的分析,并根据其主要关注点分为三类:(1)媒体表征,(2)媒体消费,(3)社交媒体。对第一组文章的分析解决了片面的媒体报道问题,这种报道强调体育背景而忽略了所有其他内容,并提请注意全面和多层次的媒体报道。媒体消费小组强调了在了解和决策促进DC方面有用的特定媒体功能。第三组的文章强调了社交媒体中有效沟通的机制和技术,同时考虑到了内容共创和互动方面。该概述可以被视为一个基础,我们可以从中进一步努力,通过媒体提高对DC概念的认识,就像它可以作为一个基础一样,我们可以继续思考DC与媒体之间的联系,以及媒体可以为DC提供的有用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PHYSICAL EXERCISES ON GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY AND GLOBAL SELF-ESTEEM IN OLDER ADULTS 不同体育锻炼对老年人总体自我效能感和整体自尊的影响
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.27.2.118-134
P. Vajda, Kateřina Strašilová, L. Svobodová
Maintaining a high quality of life and robust health as one grows older may be associated with higher general self-efficacy (GSE) and self-esteem (SEM). This study compares the effects of three types of exercise interventions (resistance training, proprioceptive training, and Nordic walking) on GSE and SEM. The final analysis included results of 34 adults (aged ≥ 65 years) who were not engaged in regular physical activity at least one year. Results indicate that physical exercise significantly positively affected GSE only in the resistance training group. No significant change of SEM occurred. The negative correlation between the initial level of GSE and the effect of physical exercise suggests that physical exercise may have a greater effect on people with low GSE. The positive correlation between the initial levels of GSE and SEM indicates the link between them. However, no association between changes in GSE and SEM over the intervention was found.
随着年龄的增长,保持高质量的生活和强健的健康可能与更高的一般自我效能感(GSE)和自尊(SEM)有关。本研究比较了三种类型的运动干预(阻力训练、本体感觉训练和北欧步行)对GSE和SEM的影响。最终分析包括34名成年人(年龄≥65岁)至少一年没有进行定期体育活动的结果。结果表明,只有在阻力训练组中,体育锻炼对GSE有显著的正向影响。扫描电镜无明显变化。GSE初始水平与体育锻炼效果之间的负相关性表明,体育锻炼可能对GSE低的人产生更大的影响。GSE和SEM的初始水平之间的正相关性表明它们之间的联系。然而,在干预期间GSE和SEM的变化之间没有发现关联。
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引用次数: 0
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Kinesiologia Slovenica
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