Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.038-048
S. O. Mihin, D. N. Egorov, O. N. Koshkur, A. E. Romanov
The article describes the technological process of manufacturing a sorption-capacitive humidity sensor based on thin films of a sorbing moisture-sensitive layer implemented by microarc oxidation and a moisture-permeable electrode implemented by magnetron sputtering. The paper defines the technical requirements for the components of a sorption-capacitive humidity sensor. The electrical parameters of the moisture-sensitive layer are investigated depending on the component composition of the electrolyte and the modes of microarc oxidation. The geometrical parameters of the moisture-sensitive layer and the moisture-permeable electrode are presented, their structure and pore distribution are shown.
{"title":"TOPOLOGY OF MANUFACTURING A SORPTION-CAPACITIVE HUMIDITY SENSOR BASED ON THIN FILMS OBTAINED BY MICROARC OXIDATION AND MAGNETRON SPUTTERING","authors":"S. O. Mihin, D. N. Egorov, O. N. Koshkur, A. E. Romanov","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.038-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.038-048","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the technological process of manufacturing a sorption-capacitive humidity sensor based on thin films of a sorbing moisture-sensitive layer implemented by microarc oxidation and a moisture-permeable electrode implemented by magnetron sputtering. The paper defines the technical requirements for the components of a sorption-capacitive humidity sensor. The electrical parameters of the moisture-sensitive layer are investigated depending on the component composition of the electrolyte and the modes of microarc oxidation. The geometrical parameters of the moisture-sensitive layer and the moisture-permeable electrode are presented, their structure and pore distribution are shown.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.028-037
S. P. Shlyakhtenkov, A. Popkov, V. Vyplaven, M. A. Gulyev, A. L. Bobrov, S. A. Bekher
The distribution of tightening forces between several threaded connections of power elements of machines and mechanisms directly affects the strength and reliability of the entire structure. When operating heavily loaded mechanisms with threaded connections in excess of the deadlines set in the technical documentation, the likelihood of loosening the tightening increases. This negatively affects the distribution of stresses in the power frame and, under unfavorable conditions, can lead to an increase in the level of mechanical stresses to critical values. The purpose of the work is a strain gauge method for monitoring the power frame of a hydraulic stamping press with threaded connections to assess the operability of the structure and conclude on the feasibility of repairs. Using strain gauges and finite element modeling methods, the regularities of the distribution of deformations in the material of columns and press racks with a maximum workload of 10 thousand tons are established. It is shown that in the working cycle, deformations are determined by the force and moment of force associated with the eccentricity of the application of the working force. Criteria for assessing the quality of threaded connections based on the relative difference and simultaneity of changes in mechanical stresses in the material of columns and press racks have been developed. The immobility of the connections of the power frame of the press during operation with maximum effort is ensured by the uniformity of the stress distribution on the racks and columns, taking into account the error of the results of the strain gauge method of 5%. The influence of the sliding elements of the movable elements of the press on the experimentally established patterns of stress distribution is substantiated by the method of finite element modeling.
{"title":"DIAGNOSTICS OF THE PRESS POWER FRAME WITH THREADED CONNECTIONS OF LOAD-BEARING ELEMENTS BY STRAIN GAUGE METHOD","authors":"S. P. Shlyakhtenkov, A. Popkov, V. Vyplaven, M. A. Gulyev, A. L. Bobrov, S. A. Bekher","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.028-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.028-037","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of tightening forces between several threaded connections of power elements of machines and mechanisms directly affects the strength and reliability of the entire structure. When operating heavily loaded mechanisms with threaded connections in excess of the deadlines set in the technical documentation, the likelihood of loosening the tightening increases. This negatively affects the distribution of stresses in the power frame and, under unfavorable conditions, can lead to an increase in the level of mechanical stresses to critical values. The purpose of the work is a strain gauge method for monitoring the power frame of a hydraulic stamping press with threaded connections to assess the operability of the structure and conclude on the feasibility of repairs. Using strain gauges and finite element modeling methods, the regularities of the distribution of deformations in the material of columns and press racks with a maximum workload of 10 thousand tons are established. It is shown that in the working cycle, deformations are determined by the force and moment of force associated with the eccentricity of the application of the working force. Criteria for assessing the quality of threaded connections based on the relative difference and simultaneity of changes in mechanical stresses in the material of columns and press racks have been developed. The immobility of the connections of the power frame of the press during operation with maximum effort is ensured by the uniformity of the stress distribution on the racks and columns, taking into account the error of the results of the strain gauge method of 5%. The influence of the sliding elements of the movable elements of the press on the experimentally established patterns of stress distribution is substantiated by the method of finite element modeling.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139328959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.022-027
S. Grigoriev, M. P. Kozochkin, M. Volosova, A. Okunkova
This work is devoted to the study of the interelectrode gap’s condition during wire electrical discharge machining. The experiments were carried out on workpieces made of chromium-nickel anti-corrosion steel 12Kh18N10T and duralumin D16 with a brass tool CuZn35 with a diameter of 0.25 mm in deionized water. The developed diagnostic tool based on vibroacoustic emission recorded oscillations with a frequency of 4 … 8 kHz accompanying the processing.
{"title":"DIAGNOSTICS OF INTERELECTRODE GAP’S CONDITION USING VIBROACOUSTIC EMISSION","authors":"S. Grigoriev, M. P. Kozochkin, M. Volosova, A. Okunkova","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.022-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.022-027","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to the study of the interelectrode gap’s condition during wire electrical discharge machining. The experiments were carried out on workpieces made of chromium-nickel anti-corrosion steel 12Kh18N10T and duralumin D16 with a brass tool CuZn35 with a diameter of 0.25 mm in deionized water. The developed diagnostic tool based on vibroacoustic emission recorded oscillations with a frequency of 4 … 8 kHz accompanying the processing.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.050-053
A. S. Karelsky, A. R. Maslov
Establishing the error values of instruments with other control instruments that give correct readings by identifying and documenting differences between readings is a common method. A description of the measuring device for direct measurement of basic properties of technological equipment characterizing the accuracy of force measurement by a laboratory dynamometer. A measurement method is used, in which the desired value is determined directly by the displaying measuring instrument. The device is reconfigured by changing the included modules.
{"title":"CALIBRATION OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC DYNAMOMETER KISTLER USING A MEASURING DEVICE BASED ON A SAMPLE COMPRESSION DYNAMOMETER","authors":"A. S. Karelsky, A. R. Maslov","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.050-053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.050-053","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing the error values of instruments with other control instruments that give correct readings by identifying and documenting differences between readings is a common method. A description of the measuring device for direct measurement of basic properties of technological equipment characterizing the accuracy of force measurement by a laboratory dynamometer. A measurement method is used, in which the desired value is determined directly by the displaying measuring instrument. The device is reconfigured by changing the included modules.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.004-010
V. Barat, A. Marchenkov, M. Karpova, V. Bardakov, S. V. Ushanov
The paper investigates the possibility of detecting specific structural defects of dissimilar welded joints by the method of acoustic emission (AE). Carbide and decarburized interlayers are formed in dissimilar welded joints of austenitic and pearlitic steels during welding and subsequent operation. Diffusion interlayers, as a structural defect, are usually small in size and cannot be detected by traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, while the AE method is promising for detecting such defects. In the present work, we studied the AE data obtained during testing of defect-free specimens of a welded joint and specimens with diffusion interlayers. It has been established that the AE parameters for defective and defect-free welded joints have significant differences, which makes it possible to identify the presence of diffusion interlayers in dissimilar welded joints.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION METHOD FOR DETECTING DIFFUSION INTERLAYERS IN DIFFERENT WELDED JOINTS","authors":"V. Barat, A. Marchenkov, M. Karpova, V. Bardakov, S. V. Ushanov","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.004-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.004-010","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the possibility of detecting specific structural defects of dissimilar welded joints by the method of acoustic emission (AE). Carbide and decarburized interlayers are formed in dissimilar welded joints of austenitic and pearlitic steels during welding and subsequent operation. Diffusion interlayers, as a structural defect, are usually small in size and cannot be detected by traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, while the AE method is promising for detecting such defects. In the present work, we studied the AE data obtained during testing of defect-free specimens of a welded joint and specimens with diffusion interlayers. It has been established that the AE parameters for defective and defect-free welded joints have significant differences, which makes it possible to identify the presence of diffusion interlayers in dissimilar welded joints.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.054-059
E. B. Iskenderzade, Sh. V. Ahmedova
Coordinate measuring machines are widely used for technological control of geometric parameters of the surface of various parts in many branches of industrial production. For coordinate measurements of high-precision surfaces, instrumental sources of error can be minimized if the axes of the controlled object are located on the same axis of the reference scale of the comparator or parallel to it. However, in all schemes of construction of coordinate measuring machines, the Abbe principle is violated, which leads to the appearance of a measurement error, which, moreover, increases with the increase in the overall dimensions of the coordinate machine. It is determined that the total error can be determined taking into account two factors: the maximum allowable error calculated without taking into account the temperature variations of the measured object itself; the temperature change of the measured object. It is shown that the resulting error of coordinate measuring machines can be investigated on the basis of the optimization problem of calculating the optimal form of the function of the temperature dependence of the object on time. It is shown that the resulting error integrated in time will reach a minimum value if the temperature dependence functions of the measured object T(t) and the coefficient of thermal expansion α(t) change synchronously in time. Therefore, in order to minimize the error of coordinate measuring machines from changes in time of such indicators as T and α must occur synchronously, i.e. their change in time must satisfy the corresponding certain condition. To quantify the gain in optimizing measurements, we will conduct a model study. To estimate the gain in reducing the error, two model functions have been compiled, the integrals of which, according to a certain condition, must be equal to the integral of the calculated coupling function. It is shown that according to the calculation, the lowest estimate of the reduction of the measurement error with the proposed optimization will be 4.5 %.
坐标测量机被广泛应用于许多工业生产领域中各种零件表面几何参数的技术控制。在对高精度表面进行坐标测量时，如果被控对象的轴线位于比较仪基准刻度的同一轴线上或与其平行，则可将仪器误差源降至最低。然而，在所有坐标测量机的构造方案中，阿贝原理都会被违反，从而导致测量误差的出现，而且这种误差会随着坐标机整体尺寸的增加而增大。在确定总误差时可以考虑两个因素：在不考虑被测物体本身温度变化的情况下计算出的最大允许误差；被测物体的温度变化。研究表明，坐标测量机产生的误差可以根据计算物体温度随时间变化的函数的最优形式这一优化问题进行研究。结果表明，如果被测物体的温度依赖函数 T(t) 和热膨胀系数 α(t) 在时间上同步变化，则随时间积分的误差将达到最小值。因此，为了使坐标测量机因 T 和 α 等指标的时间变化而产生的误差最小，它们必须同步发生变化，即它们的时间变化必须满足相应的特定条件。为了量化优化测量的收益，我们将进行模型研究。为了估算减少误差的收益，我们编制了两个模型函数，根据特定条件，这两个函数的积分必须等于计算出的耦合函数的积分。计算表明，通过建议的优化，测量误差减少的最低估计值为 4.5%。
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE TEMPERATURE ERROR OF COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINES","authors":"E. B. Iskenderzade, Sh. V. Ahmedova","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.054-059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.054-059","url":null,"abstract":"Coordinate measuring machines are widely used for technological control of geometric parameters of the surface of various parts in many branches of industrial production. For coordinate measurements of high-precision surfaces, instrumental sources of error can be minimized if the axes of the controlled object are located on the same axis of the reference scale of the comparator or parallel to it. However, in all schemes of construction of coordinate measuring machines, the Abbe principle is violated, which leads to the appearance of a measurement error, which, moreover, increases with the increase in the overall dimensions of the coordinate machine. It is determined that the total error can be determined taking into account two factors: the maximum allowable error calculated without taking into account the temperature variations of the measured object itself; the temperature change of the measured object. It is shown that the resulting error of coordinate measuring machines can be investigated on the basis of the optimization problem of calculating the optimal form of the function of the temperature dependence of the object on time. It is shown that the resulting error integrated in time will reach a minimum value if the temperature dependence functions of the measured object T(t) and the coefficient of thermal expansion α(t) change synchronously in time. Therefore, in order to minimize the error of coordinate measuring machines from changes in time of such indicators as T and α must occur synchronously, i.e. their change in time must satisfy the corresponding certain condition. To quantify the gain in optimizing measurements, we will conduct a model study. To estimate the gain in reducing the error, two model functions have been compiled, the integrals of which, according to a certain condition, must be equal to the integral of the calculated coupling function. It is shown that according to the calculation, the lowest estimate of the reduction of the measurement error with the proposed optimization will be 4.5 %.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.012-021
V. N. Danilov, V. M. Ushakov
The results of the calculation of the acoustic channel of the tandem technique with wave transformation with the use of normal and angle probes for the registration of longitudinal waves are presented. Formulas are obtained for calculating the amplitudes of echo signals during the transformation of transverse waves on the reflector in the form of a vertically oriented crack of the “stripe” type. The amplitudes of echo signals are compared when using normal and angle receiving probes, on the basis of which recommendations are given for choosing a scheme for sounding welded joints for the tandem technique with wave transformation on reflectors of the discontinuity type. It is shown that the maximum of the signal when registering a transformed longitudinal wave with a normal probe is significantly greater than such a maximum when registering it with an angle probe for depth values up to about 0.5 of the thickness of the test object.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF THE AMPLITUDES OF ECHO SIGNALS OF LONGITUDINAL WAVES RECEIVED BY NORMAL AND ANGLE PROBES IN THE TANDEM TECHNIQUE WITH THE TRANSFORMATION OF RADIATED TRANSVERSE WAVES ON AN INFINITE VERTICALLY ORIENTED CRACK","authors":"V. N. Danilov, V. M. Ushakov","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.012-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.10.pp.012-021","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the calculation of the acoustic channel of the tandem technique with wave transformation with the use of normal and angle probes for the registration of longitudinal waves are presented. Formulas are obtained for calculating the amplitudes of echo signals during the transformation of transverse waves on the reflector in the form of a vertically oriented crack of the “stripe” type. The amplitudes of echo signals are compared when using normal and angle receiving probes, on the basis of which recommendations are given for choosing a scheme for sounding welded joints for the tandem technique with wave transformation on reflectors of the discontinuity type. It is shown that the maximum of the signal when registering a transformed longitudinal wave with a normal probe is significantly greater than such a maximum when registering it with an angle probe for depth values up to about 0.5 of the thickness of the test object.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.058-064
V. E. Desjatnikov, S. N. Pichkov
The article is devoted to the work on identifying defects of the surface crack type by the vibrodiagnostic method of non-destructive testing using the envelope method on the example of a rolling bearing. Used in the work rolling bearings with a set of various surface defects: a roller crack and an outer ring crack along the rolling surfaces. The rolling bearing was installed in a test bench, which simulated its regular operation, with a fixed outer ring and internal ring rotated at a constant frequency. The features of the detection of the following specific defects are established: a roller crack, a crack in the outer ring, etc., as well as the correspondence of the calculated frequencies of the bearing elements to the actual ones obtained during the research. The norm/rejection criteria were obtained in a numerical value in relation to specific types of defects, namely: weak, strong defects of the rolling elements and the outer ring of the rolling bearing. The features of detecting specific defects by the envelope method, that depends on the pressure on the outer ring and its spatial location relative to the defect, are experimentally established.
{"title":"FEATURES OF DIAGNOSING ROLLING BEARINGS BY THE ENVELOPE METHOD","authors":"V. E. Desjatnikov, S. N. Pichkov","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.058-064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.058-064","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the work on identifying defects of the surface crack type by the vibrodiagnostic method of non-destructive testing using the envelope method on the example of a rolling bearing. Used in the work rolling bearings with a set of various surface defects: a roller crack and an outer ring crack along the rolling surfaces. The rolling bearing was installed in a test bench, which simulated its regular operation, with a fixed outer ring and internal ring rotated at a constant frequency. The features of the detection of the following specific defects are established: a roller crack, a crack in the outer ring, etc., as well as the correspondence of the calculated frequencies of the bearing elements to the actual ones obtained during the research. The norm/rejection criteria were obtained in a numerical value in relation to specific types of defects, namely: weak, strong defects of the rolling elements and the outer ring of the rolling bearing. The features of detecting specific defects by the envelope method, that depends on the pressure on the outer ring and its spatial location relative to the defect, are experimentally established.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.042-048
A. Shilin, B. V. Mac, I. A. Koptelova
The principle of operation of energy pyrometers for measuring the temperature of heated products is based on measuring the radiation flux from a heated product, which depends not only on the temperature of the object, but also on the emissivity of the surface of the material. The main error of such pyrometers is the methodological component, which is due to the variability of the radiation coefficient of the surface of the product material. In practice, the radiation coefficient of the surface of the material of the product is determined approximately using reference books. It should be noted that the radiation coefficient theoretically depends on the wavelength and temperature, and reference books give dependences on only one parameter, and in different reference books for the same material, the dependences differ. In addition, when using spectral dependences, it is necessary to take into account the spectral characteristics of all elements of the optoelectronic path. So, the use of this method limits the accuracy of temperature measurement. For a more accurate determination of the radiation coefficient, a preliminary study is required, which requires more sophisticated equipment than a pyrometer. In the article, an analysis was made of the errors in determining the temperature using the average value of the radiation coefficient. To improve the accuracy of measuring the temperature of an object, a device was developed that implements the method of exemplary signals and uses the average value of the radiation coefficient. The developed device preliminarily determines the dependence of the average value of the emissivity on temperature, and when working, it determines the temperature of the part based on the results of measurements with a pyrometer and the dependence.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR USING THE INTEGRAL RADIATION COEFFICIENT IN ENERGY PYROMETERS","authors":"A. Shilin, B. V. Mac, I. A. Koptelova","doi":"10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.042-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.042-048","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of operation of energy pyrometers for measuring the temperature of heated products is based on measuring the radiation flux from a heated product, which depends not only on the temperature of the object, but also on the emissivity of the surface of the material. The main error of such pyrometers is the methodological component, which is due to the variability of the radiation coefficient of the surface of the product material. In practice, the radiation coefficient of the surface of the material of the product is determined approximately using reference books. It should be noted that the radiation coefficient theoretically depends on the wavelength and temperature, and reference books give dependences on only one parameter, and in different reference books for the same material, the dependences differ. In addition, when using spectral dependences, it is necessary to take into account the spectral characteristics of all elements of the optoelectronic path. So, the use of this method limits the accuracy of temperature measurement. For a more accurate determination of the radiation coefficient, a preliminary study is required, which requires more sophisticated equipment than a pyrometer. In the article, an analysis was made of the errors in determining the temperature using the average value of the radiation coefficient. To improve the accuracy of measuring the temperature of an object, a device was developed that implements the method of exemplary signals and uses the average value of the radiation coefficient. The developed device preliminarily determines the dependence of the average value of the emissivity on temperature, and when working, it determines the temperature of the part based on the results of measurements with a pyrometer and the dependence.","PeriodicalId":432853,"journal":{"name":"Kontrol'. Diagnostika","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.14489/td.2023.09.pp.004-015
E. Kovshov, V. Kuvshinnikov, D. F. Kazakov
In modern conditions, the use of digital industrial technologies for maximum automation of various production processes and the creation of unmanned technologies is the main direction of technological development of production in the key of the Industry 4.0 and NDE 4.0 paradigms with the widespread use of information and communication technologies, including virtual reality and digital twins. To implement digital non-destructive testing, service-oriented approach is proposed as an effective solution for obtaining, processing and storing data of the results of various types of testing, the basic architecture of this solution is given. The simulator’s model of the industrial radiography laboratory is considered, discrete models of objects’ digital twins are constructed while obtaining an image, for which the basic provisions and tools of set theory are used. Examples are given illustrating the correspondence of mathematical models of digital twins to their graphical counterparts, as well as the image formed on the detector as a result of modeling and performing a radiation type of non-destructive testing. It is noted that the virtualization of such a complex technical facility as an industrial radiography laboratory allows for a short period of time and at minimal cost to verify the feasibility of technical solutions and engineering hypotheses taking into account real production conditions and needs, while providing, on the one hand, variability in the implementation of technological operations, and on the other – the number increase of trained qualified specialists according to the radiation type of non-destructive testing.
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